EP2148157B1 - Dispositif de chauffage et de séchage d'une marchandise selon le procédé de phase vapeur - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage et de séchage d'une marchandise selon le procédé de phase vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2148157B1
EP2148157B1 EP20080075659 EP08075659A EP2148157B1 EP 2148157 B1 EP2148157 B1 EP 2148157B1 EP 20080075659 EP20080075659 EP 20080075659 EP 08075659 A EP08075659 A EP 08075659A EP 2148157 B1 EP2148157 B1 EP 2148157B1
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Prior art keywords
solvent
dried
product
vapour
solvent vapour
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EP20080075659
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German (de)
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EP2148157A1 (fr
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Paul Gmeiner
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • F26B21/145—Condensing the vapour onto the surface of the materials to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a device for drying a product, in particular of solid insulation of an electrical device, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the material to be dried generally comprises the solid insulation of an electrical device, such as a power transformer, especially so-called "shell type" transformers having disc windings which are separated by insulation plates.
  • the device or at least its active part containing the solid-state isolations are arranged in a vacuum container, for example an autoclave, held under reduced pressure.
  • a device of the type mentioned is DE 30 14 831 A or EP1528342B1 removable.
  • a described in this prior art, working by the Vapor phase method drying device for insulating oil-impregnated insulation has a the insulators to be dried receiving evacuated autoclave, in which a cascade evaporator or a vapor jet evaporator is arranged.
  • the cascade evaporator is oriented substantially vertically and includes a flow channel defined by a plate and a partition wall. On the plate heating coils and baffles are arranged.
  • the cascade evaporator is fed by means of a pump solvent, which was heated in a preheater located outside the autoclave.
  • the preheated solvent trickles with the cooperation of the baffles along the plate from top to bottom.
  • the solvent evaporates on the heating coils.
  • the forming solvent vapor flows vertically upward due to the chimney effect in the flow channel and is conducted via a steam inlet into the usable space of the autoclave containing the insulations.
  • hot solvent is injected at high speed at the narrowest point into a Venturi channel, while largely evaporated and entrained as a result of the jet effect large amounts of existing in the autoclave solvent vapor.
  • heating fluid is heated in the liquid phase leaving outside a vacuum vessel containing dry material.
  • the heated solvent flows via a pressure-holding valve and an inlet tube, a vacuum vessel, while the heated solvent is evaporated on or in a vacuum vessel.
  • WO 98/35195 describes a device for drying a freshly painted H motor vehicle.
  • This device includes a motor vehicle receiving box-shaped container, on the ceiling of a plenum for receiving hot air, at the bottom of a suction chamber and at its four corners vertically extending blowing devices are mounted. From the plenum, on the one hand through the ceiling of the container through a hot air flow is guided into the container, which is directed inside the container down. On the other hand, air is led from the plenum via blowers and pipes to the blowing devices and blown into the interior of the container.
  • the blowing devices are each arranged so that the exiting hot air impinges mainly horizontally on one of the four corners of the motor vehicle. Through cooperation of the downwards, slow and out of the blowing devices, rapid flow of hot gas turbulence are generated in the interior of the container, which accelerate the drying process.
  • the present invention is based on the object to provide a device for drying a good by the vapor phase method, which allows a short heating time of the goods and, accordingly, a short cycle time of the material to be dried and which is also characterized by low energy consumption.
  • the vacuum container accommodates at least two solvent steam generators which are arranged predominantly vertically along the drying material and respectively serve to generate a predominantly horizontally guided solvent vapor flow
  • the two solvent steam generators each have a flow channel designed for injection in the manner of a Venturi nozzle the heated solvent and entrained in the vacuum vessel circulating solvent vapor
  • the two solvent evaporators are connected in series with each other so that they feed a predominantly horizontally circulating around the drying material solvent flow during operation of the device.
  • the effect of the two solvent steam generators is added by series connection.
  • This results in a high average velocity and a high solvent vapor throughput of the flow by feeding the predominantly horizontally circulating solvent vapor flow in the same direction.
  • a tangential solvent vapor flow is formed virtually over the entire circumference of the drying material.
  • the thus excited flow allows optimal circulation and turbulence of the solvent vapor.
  • a fast and homogeneous heating of the material to be dried on a whole Trocknungsgut largely the same temperature ensured.
  • the amount of energy required for heating the drying material and the heating time are greatly reduced.
  • the device does not require any elaborate additional components in addition to the components required in conventional methods.
  • the reduction of the heating time is mainly due to the fact that strong, throughout the heating phase practically constant injection of heated solvent a large circulation of solvent vapor and thus a high solvent vapor velocity is maintained even towards the end of the heating phase in the vacuum vessel.
  • the two solvent steam generators generally extend over the entire height of the drying material, respectively. of the vacuum container, but may also be only over a portion of the height of the Trocknungsguts, resp. the height of the vacuum container.
  • the same heating rate of the material to be dried is achieved as in a drying device according to the prior art.
  • a lower solvent vapor temperature, especially in the first phase of the heating, has a very positive effect on the depolymerization of a dry matter containing solids insulation.
  • the service life of the material to be dried is considerably extended with high efficiency of the drying process.
  • the two solvent steam generators are each designed in the manner of a venturi nozzle and have a flow channel for injecting the heated solvent and for entraining a circulating in the vacuum vessel solvent vapor flow, a significantly increased solvent vapor velocity is achieved with a small amount of injected, heated solvent.
  • the solvent vapor flow exiting from the flow channel of the Venturi nozzle in and outside the flow channel of the Venturi nozzle entrains an increased amount of solvent vapor, which already circulates in the vacuum container. It will reach such a strong turbulence and thus increases the heat transfer to the material to be dried.
  • a with minimal effort horizontally particularly effectively circulating around the drying material Solventdampfströmung is achieved when the at least two Solventdampfer Weger are separated by the Trocknungsgut.
  • the vacuum container has at least one third solvent steam generator arranged above the material to be dried to produce a solvent vapor flow guided vertically downwards to the drying material, an additional increase in the turbulence of the mixed steam in the vacuum container is achieved. It then mixes the solvent vapor flow circulating horizontally around the drying material with the solvent vapor flow directed vertically downwards, thus forming a solvent vapor flow tangentially particularly intense around the entire material to be dried, which additionally optimizes the heating times and minimizes the temperature differences on the material to be dried.
  • the efficiency of the device according to the invention can be further increased by extending the third solvent steam generator predominantly horizontally along the material to be dried, and / or periodically feeding the solvent vapor flow directed vertically from above vertically downwards during the entire heating time.
  • the third solvent steam generator In order to achieve a solvent vapor flow flowing tangentially around the entire drying material, it is generally sufficient for the third solvent steam generator to extend over only a relatively small portion of the length or width of the material to be dried, and accordingly for the downwardly directed solvent vapor flow to be only one compared to the dimensions of the material to be dried having small width.
  • a suction line which is attached to or in the material to be dried is guided for the return of mixed steam to the condensation device.
  • a particularly high efficiency of the device according to the invention is achieved, since then a part of the mixing steam present in the interior of the vacuum container, which is led to the condensation device located outside the vacuum container, from the inner regions of the material to be dried or between two different copies of the material to be dried , For example, two winding blocks deducted becomes.
  • Even internal parts of the material to be dried are now heated rapidly, so that only small differences in temperature between inner and outer parts of the material to be dried can form in procedurally advantageous manner, and accordingly the drying time is substantially reduced.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly efficient if the material to be dried and at least one vertically extended solvent steam generator are arranged in an insert vessel enclosed by the vacuum container, since the flow circulating horizontally around the material to be dried then only has to develop in a small volume compared to the vacuum container. Since the flow cross section of the solvent vapor flow between the material to be dried and the wall of the reaction vessel is smaller than the corresponding flow cross section in the vacuum vessel, but without the reaction vessel, a large average velocity of the horizontally circulating solvent vapor flow can generally be achieved with only one vertically extended solvent generator and, in a corresponding manner, the material to be dried uniformly and be heated up quickly.
  • Such an embodiment of the invention is particularly suitable if, after drying, the dried material is to be impregnated with a liquid, for example insulating oil or casting resin.
  • the drying devices shown in the figures serve to dry good, in particular, the solid insulation of one or more electrical appliances as well as the removal of any insulating oil present in the insulation.
  • the drying device after Fig.1 contains a vacuum-tight running container 1, which is loaded with a solid insulation electrical device, such as a transformer, or - as shown - even with the solid insulation containing active part 1.1 ..
  • the heating energy is transferred in a Solventerhitzer 3 on the solvent.
  • the solvent is generally a light oil having a significantly higher boiling point than water and a substantially lower boiling point than an insulating oil optionally present in the solid insulation.
  • the solvent necessary for the heating of the dry material is fed from a non-listed solvent storage tank via the Solventabsperrventil 12.2 with the feed pump 2 to the Solventerhitzer 3.
  • the heated solvent is fed via a Solventzu slaughterhouse für 3.2 and the valves 11 to 4 Solventdampfer Weger 4.
  • the four solvent steam generators 4 each extend vertically, largely over the height of the vacuum container 1 and are approximately uniformly distributed on the circumference of the vacuum container 1.
  • Each of the four solvent steam generators 4 contains a vertically extended solvent distribution pipe 4.0 with 5 vertically spaced injection openings or injection nozzles 4.1
  • the solvent distribution pipes 4.0 can be advantageously designed as exposed pipes with injection openings 4.1 and or injection nozzles. As a result, a cost-effective device is achieved.
  • the narrowest cross-section in each of the four solvent steam generators 4 is the flow duct 4.3 designed in the manner of a Venturi nozzle, which is formed by a suitably curved Venturi guide plate 4.2 and the wall of the vacuum tank 1 such that it leaves the flow channel 4.3 and optionally solvent solvent flow contained 4.4 is rectified with the emerging from other solvent steam generators 4 Solventdampfström Heidelberg 4.4.
  • the vacuum tank 1 has at the bottom in its bottom a drain opening 1.2 for condensed solvent, as well as optionally washed out of the solvent from the solid insulation insulating oil.
  • the drain opening 1.2 is connected via a solvent connection line 3.1 with a feed pump 2.
  • the outlet of the feed pump 2 is connected to the Solventerhitzer 3 or alternatively via shut-off valve 12.3 with a solvent storage tank, not shown, or alternatively via 13.1 with an oil tank, not shown, for receiving the optionally present insulating oil, which was removed during drying of the material to be dried 1.1 by the solvent from the solid and subsequently separated by distillation from the solvent.
  • two suction tubes 7 are each mounted with a suction opening 7.1, which leads to the vacuum connection 1.3 of the mixed steam line 8 and to a mixed steam condenser.
  • the mixed steam condenser 9 is connected to a vacuum pump 10.
  • the mixed steam condenser 9 has 2 unregistered valves for emptying of solvent and water.
  • the horizontal Solventverteilrohre 5.0 can be formed with advantage as exposed pipes with injection openings and or injectors 5.1. As a result, a cost-effective device is achieved.
  • the narrowest cross-section is in the manner of a Venturi nozzle horizontal flow channels 5.3, which are formed by 2 suitable, curved Venturileitbleche 5.2, so that the emerging from the horizontal flow channels 5.3 Solventdampfströmonne 4.4 are directed vertically downwards.
  • Fig.5 and 6 is the material to be dried 1.1 placed within a feed vessel 6, which in turn within the vacuum container 1 lies.
  • the two solvent steam generators 4 consisting of the components 4.0; 4.1; 4.2; 4.3 also arranged vertically within the insert vessel 6.
  • the necessary for the heating of the material to be dried 1.1 Solvent is fed from a solvent storage tank, not shown in the figures via the Solventabsperrventil 12.2 with the feed pump 2 to the Solventerhitzer-3.
  • the heated solvent is fed via a Solventzufilmtechnisch 3.2, the valve 11, a solvent supply connection line 6.3 and a solvent connection line 6.4 to the lying within the insert vessel 6, vertical Solventdampfermaschineern 4.
  • the solvent distribution pipes 4.0 can be advantageously designed as exposed pipes with injection openings and or injectors 4.1. As a result, a cost-effective device is achieved.
  • the narrowest cross-section lies in the flow channel 4.3 designed in the manner of a Venturi nozzle, which is formed by a suitable curved Venturi guide plate 4.2 and the wall of the insert vessel 6 such that the solvent vapor flow emerging from the flow channel 4.3 and optionally also solvent are contained Solvent vapor flow 4.4 is rectified with the emerging from other solvent steam generators 4 Solventdampfström Heidelberg 4.4.
  • the insert vessel 6 has at the bottom in its bottom a drain opening 6.1 for condensed solvent, as well as for optionally washed out of the solvent from the solid insulation insulating oil or introduced into the insert vessel 6 Isolieroel.
  • the drain opening 6.1 is connected via condensate connection line 6.2 and Solventabsperrventil 12.1 with a feed pump 2.
  • the bottom of the vacuum container 1 is also via the condensate drain 1.2 and Solventabsperrventil 12 of the solvent connection line 3.1 connected to the feed pump 2.
  • the bottom of the insert vessel 6 is connected via condensate drain 6.1 and condensate drain connecting line 6.2 with a oil shut-off valve 13. Oelbe spallung or oil evacuation of the insert vessel 6 are made possible.
  • the operation of the device is as follows: With the vacuum pump 10, the vacuum container 1 and the mixed steam condenser 9 are evacuated. At the same time from the solvent storage tank, not shown, a sufficient amount of solvent through the shut-off valve 12.2, the Feed pump 2 and the Solventerhitzer 3 fed into the vacuum tank 1.
  • the solvent present in the vacuum tank 1 is circulated by the feed pump 2 and heated in the solvent heater 3 to a temperature slightly above a predetermined drying temperature.
  • the heated solvent is at a higher pressure when heated.
  • the pressure in the solvent drops sharply while a part of the heated solvent evaporated while cooling by the amount of its heat of vaporization.
  • the resulting solvent vapor 4.4 condenses on the active part and heats it with simultaneous evaporation of the water contained in the solid insulation, resulting in the formation of a solvent and steam containing mixed steam in the vacuum vessel 1.
  • Solvent condensate obtained in the vacuum container 1 and optionally containing insulating oil flows to the condensate drain opening 1.2 and the solvent connecting pipe 3.1 and is returned to the solvent steam generators 4 with the feed pump 2 via the solvent heater 3 for evaporation.
  • the solvent is advantageously injected at the narrowest point via the solvent injection openings 4.1 into the flow channels 4.3. This results in a particularly high flow velocity and a correspondingly high negative pressure.
  • the insulation of the electrical material to be dried 1.1 contain insulating oil, this is washed out by the condensing solvent and mixes with the solvent to a solvent / oil mixture.
  • the oil content is not evaporated in the solvent steam generator. Therefore, with continuous removal of mixed steam from the vacuum tank 1 and condensation of the extracted mixed steam in the mixed steam condenser 9, the oil content in the vacuum tank 1 steadily increases until practically only pure oil is present.
  • This oil is emptied with the feed pump 2 via shut-off valve 13.1. Thereafter, via Solventeinlleanedventil 12.2 of the feed pump 2, the solvent heater 3 solvent drawn back into the vacuum tank 1 and evaporated in the aforementioned manner.
  • the feed pump 2 is switched off and the mixing steam present in the vacuum container 1 4.5 fed to the mixed steam condenser 9.
  • the pressure in the vacuum tank 1 is lowered.
  • the pressure in the vacuum container 1 is lowered to such a low level until the material to be dried has reached the desired degree of drying.
  • the drying device is in addition to the under Fig.1 and 2 described procedure simultaneously or intermittently a portion of the heated solvent in the solvent heater 3 via the shut-off valves 11.1 the horizontal Solventdampfer Wegern 5, containing the Solventverteilrohr 5.0, the Solventeinspritzö réelleen 5.1, the Venturileitbleche 5.2 and the flow channel 5.3, respectively.
  • the resulting solvent vapor flows vertically downwards at high speed and forms with the horizontal solvent vapor flow of the drying apparatus downstream of the Fig. 1 and 2 a rotating Solventdampfströmung 4.7 high turbulence, which flows around the material to be dried 1.1 tangentially, which ensures a rapid and uniform heating of the material to be dried 1.1 in an optimal manner.
  • the resulting in the reaction vessel 6 and optionally containing insulating solvent condensate flows through the Kondensatablaufö réelle 6.1, the condensate drain connecting line 6.2 and the Solventabsperrventil 12.1 the Solventitatis admir 3.1 and is supplied to the feed pump 2 via the solvent heater 3 for evaporation back to the vertical Solventdampfer Wegern 4.
  • the resulting in the vacuum tank 1 solvent condensate flows through the condensate drain 1.2 and the Solventabsperrventil 12 of the solvent connection line 3.1 and is also supplied to the feed pump 2, via the solvent heater 3 for evaporation back to the solvent steam generators 4.

Claims (6)

  1. Dispositif pour le séchage d'une marchandise (1.1), de préférence d'isolations solides d'un appareil électrique, selon le procédé de phase vapeur, comprenant un récipient sous pression (1) pour recevoir la marchandise à sécher (1.1) contenant au moins de l'eau, le cas échéant de l'huile isolante en plus ainsi que des impuretés et comprenant au moins un générateur de vapeur de solvant (4) disposé à l'intérieur du récipient sous pression (1), sachant que le récipient sous pression présente au moins une première ouverture pour l'admission de solvant réchauffé sur l'au moins un générateur de vapeur de solvant (4) et au moins une deuxième ouverture pour la sortie d'un mélange de vapeur (4.5) contenant au moins de la vapeur d'eau et de solvant sur un dispositif de condensation, caractérisé en ce que le récipient sous pression (1) reçoit au moins deux générateurs de vapeur de solvant (4) disposés séparément l'un de l'autre localement, lesquels sont étendus chacun le long de la marchandise à sécher (1.1) verticalement principalement et servent chacun à générer un écoulement de vapeur de solvant (4.4) dirigé principalement horizontalement, que les deux générateurs de vapeur de solvant (4) présentent chacun un canal d'écoulement (4.3) formé à la manière d'une buse venturi pour injecter le solvant réchauffé et pour entraîner de la vapeur de solvant circulant dans le récipient sous pression (1), et que les deux générateurs de vapeur de solvant sont ainsi montés en série ensemble qu'ils alimentent un écoulement de vapeur de solvant circulant principalement horizontalement autour de la marchandise à sécher (1.1) lorsque le dispositif fonctionne.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux générateurs de vapeur de solvant (4) sont séparés l'un de l'autre par la marchandise à sécher (1.1).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le récipient sous pression (1) reçoit au moins un troisième générateur de vapeur de solvant (5) disposé au-dessus de la marchandise à sécher (1.1) pour produire un écoulement de vapeur de solvant (4.4) dirigé verticalement vers le bas sur la marchandise à sécher (1.1).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un troisième générateur de vapeur de solvant (5) est étendu principalement horizontalement le long de la marchandise à sécher (1.1).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une conduite d'aspiration se posant sur ou dans la marchandise à sécher (1.1) pour le retour du mélange de vapeur (4.5) vers le dispositif de condensation, est dirigée à travers l'au moinsune deuxième ouverture.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la marchandise à sécher (1.1) et les au moins deux générateurs de vapeur de solvant (4) sont disposés dans une cuve (6) entourée par le récipient sous pression (1) et recevant la marchandise à sécher (1.1).
EP20080075659 2008-07-25 2008-07-25 Dispositif de chauffage et de séchage d'une marchandise selon le procédé de phase vapeur Active EP2148157B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20080075659 EP2148157B1 (fr) 2008-07-25 2008-07-25 Dispositif de chauffage et de séchage d'une marchandise selon le procédé de phase vapeur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20080075659 EP2148157B1 (fr) 2008-07-25 2008-07-25 Dispositif de chauffage et de séchage d'une marchandise selon le procédé de phase vapeur

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2148157A1 EP2148157A1 (fr) 2010-01-27
EP2148157B1 true EP2148157B1 (fr) 2013-02-27

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2525178B1 (fr) * 2011-05-18 2017-11-29 Micavac AG Procédé de séchage d'un élément actif comprenant des isolations de matière solide d'un appareil électrique pouvant être rempli avec de l'huile d'imprégnation et dispositif destiné à l'exécution de ce procédé
CN102326798A (zh) * 2011-08-05 2012-01-25 牟敦善 串联式电加热器紫菜烘干机
EP3029403B1 (fr) * 2014-12-03 2017-12-20 Paul Gmeiner Procédé et dispositif de séchage de l'isolation de matière solide de la pièce active d'un appareil électrique selon le procédé de phase gazeuse

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR544959A (fr) * 1921-04-28 1922-10-03 Procédé et appareil pour le séchage des bois
US1520512A (en) * 1923-05-03 1924-12-23 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Drier
AU485795B2 (en) * 1974-07-09 1976-01-15 Svanska Flakfabriken A.B. Improvements in and relating to ventilation method and apparatus
CH646068A5 (en) 1980-02-29 1984-11-15 Micafil Ag Drying device with a vaporiser and receiver for drying soaked insulations
GB9702473D0 (en) * 1997-02-07 1997-03-26 Junair Spraybooths Ltd Spraybooth
WO2002020113A1 (fr) 2000-09-05 2002-03-14 Wilhelm Hedrich Vakuumanlagen Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif pour le traitement de transformateurs
EP1528342B1 (fr) 2003-10-31 2006-08-30 Paul Gmeiner Procédé pour séchage de matériau et dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé
US7264467B1 (en) * 2005-06-22 2007-09-04 International Thermal Systems, Llc Convection oven with turbo flow air nozzle to increase air flow and method of using same

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