EP2146777A1 - System zur elektrostimulation von muskeln oder nerven - Google Patents
System zur elektrostimulation von muskeln oder nervenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2146777A1 EP2146777A1 EP08714297A EP08714297A EP2146777A1 EP 2146777 A1 EP2146777 A1 EP 2146777A1 EP 08714297 A EP08714297 A EP 08714297A EP 08714297 A EP08714297 A EP 08714297A EP 2146777 A1 EP2146777 A1 EP 2146777A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stimulation system
- bone
- stimulator
- electrode
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/36003—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation of motor muscles, e.g. for walking assistance
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system for electrostimulation of muscles, in particular denervated musculature, or nerves, with a stimulator for generating electrical impulses, which is connected to a device for supplying electrical energy and for controlling, and with at least two electrodes connected to the stimulator Delivery of electrical impulses to the muscles or nerves.
- the direct electrical stimulation of muscle tissue can be performed, for example, via surface electrodes which are placed on the skin. It will be compared For conventional nerve stimulation pulses of longer pulse duration and higher pulse charge and thus greater continuous electrical power applied. In addition to the resulting electrical hazards and a very limited selectivity of muscle activation, the use of surface electrodes is cumbersome and will be carried out consistently only by specially motivated patients consistently. For an efficient build-up and a preservation of the musculature, however, a consequent stimulation of the musculature as daily as possible is necessary.
- US 5 038 781 A describes a device for electrostimulation of nerves, wherein implantable electrodes which enclose the nerve, so-called cuff electrodes, are used.
- implantable electrodes which enclose the nerve, so-called cuff electrodes.
- the system described is not applicable to the direct stimulation of muscle tissue.
- US 5,285,781 A describes a system for non-invasive neuromuscular stimulation using surface electrodes.
- a method and system for obtaining limb Movements through functional electrostimulation are also described in WO 97/04833 A1, wherein surface electrodes are also used, and a pure motion control is to be achieved.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an abovementioned system for the electrical stimulation of muscles, in particular denervated musculature, or nerves, which is designed to be improved in terms of safety, selectivity and simple application over known systems. Disadvantages of known methods should be avoided or at least reduced.
- the object of the invention is achieved by an above-mentioned stimulation system in which the stimulator and at least two electrodes are implantable, wherein at least one electrode is designed for attachment to a bone.
- the stimulation system requires at least two electrodes, wherein one electrode can be formed by the stimulator or arranged on the stimulator.
- the stimulation system is thus designed to be implantable and at least one electrode is arranged on the bony skeleton in the vicinity of the musculature.
- all stimulation electrodes are designed for attachment to a bone.
- applications are also possible in which only one electrode is arranged on a bone and another electrode in the tissue.
- the electrodes are attached to the femur for activation of the quadriceps and / or hamstring muscles, or to the pelvis for gluteal muscle training.
- the fact that the electrodes are not attached to or in the muscle to be stimulated the resulting connective tissue reactions can be reduced and the mechanical stress on the electrode and the connecting lines can be avoided. This results in a longer life of the stimulation system.
- selective muscle stimulation is due to - A - appropriate arrangement of the electrodes on the underlying bone possible.
- significantly lower pulse amplitudes and possibly also lower pulse widths and thus lower electrical continuous power are required, as a result of which the stimulation system can also be operated with batteries for a relatively long time.
- the implanted pacing system of the present invention allows for more regular use, thereby allowing for a more efficient construction and maintenance of the degenerated muscle and thus reducing or avoiding the occurrence of decubitus ulcers.
- the system described is characterized by particular stability of the technical components and a protection of the soft tissue.
- a cost-effective and long-term stable solution for effective decubitus prophylaxis is provided, whereby the health and quality of life of those affected can be improved and the cost of the health system can be reduced.
- the subject system offers advantages in terms of safety and acceptance by the patient concerned.
- At least one electrode can be arranged on the stimulator or can be formed by the housing of the stimulator.
- the stimulator contains two or more electrodes and thus the stimulation system consists of a module.
- At least one electrode is formed by a substantially plate-shaped element of electrically conductive material.
- the size of the plate-shaped electrode is adapted to the respective applications in accordance with the electrical power to be transmitted.
- the shape of at least one electrode is preferably adapted to the bone intended for attachment.
- At least one of the electrodes provided for attachment to the bone (K) is annular, wherein the formed ring can be arranged around the bone intended for attachment.
- a Such an annular electrode can be arranged, for example, around a long bone, for example the femur.
- the electrode is designed in several parts. This facilitates the placement of the electrode on the respective bone intended for attachment.
- the adaptation of the shape of the electrode to the bone can also take place in that at least one electrode is deformable.
- the deformability can be achieved by appropriate choice of the thickness and by appropriate choice of the material of the electrode.
- the electrodes may be formed of metal, in particular stainless steel, titanium or platinum-iridium, but also of electrically conductive plastic.
- each electrode for attachment to a bone is electrically insulated from the bone or attachment devices to the bone. This isolation prevents electro-corrosion of components of the stimulation system and tissue damage on the one hand, and prevents painful irritation of the periosteum (the leg skin) during stimulation on the other hand.
- each electrode formed for attachment to a bone may be formed, for example, by an insulating layer.
- these attachment devices are also preferably electrically insulated from the electrode.
- This electrical insulation can be formed, for example, via corresponding insulating rings, which are arranged between fastening screws and the electrode.
- the attachment devices of the electrodes can be formed in a simple manner by bores for receiving bone screws. In order to achieve a flat surface in the implanted state, the holes may be formed with corresponding reductions for the heads of the bone screws. Of course, instead of drilling only indentations can be provided on the electrode, in which engage the bone screws accordingly.
- the fastening devices can also be formed by eyelets or the like for seam fixation. In this way, the surgeon can attach the electrodes to the leg skin by attaching appropriate seams.
- attachment devices of the electrodes may be formed by barbs or the like.
- Such barbs may be provided on the edges of the electrode but also on elements which are connected to the electrode, for example pins, and allow attachment of the electrode to the bone without additional connecting means such as screws or the like.
- the barb-shaped structures can be designed differently.
- At least one electrode may also be formed on the side facing the bone for attachment by means of an adhesive. Accordingly, the bone-facing surface of the electrode may be formed, for example, rough to form a grip for the adhesive as a bonding layer between bone and electrode.
- the stimulator may be formed similarly to the electrodes for attachment to a bone by appropriate shaping or construction of the surface of the stimulator.
- devices for attachment to the bone may also be provided on the stimulator.
- These attachment devices of the stimulator can also be formed for example by bores for receiving bone screws.
- the attachment devices of the stimulator can barbs or the like. be formed.
- the stimulator may be formed on the bone-facing side for attachment by means of an adhesive.
- the bone-facing surface of the stimulator may be roughened, for example, so that a firm connection between bone and stimulator can be made by means of an adhesive.
- the supply and control device of the stimulation system is also implantable.
- a fully implantable stimulation system is created, which can work independently.
- the implantable supply and control device to contain an accumulator.
- This implantable accumulator can be recharged wirelessly, for example, during the night hours, so that the next day sufficient energy is available for stimulation.
- a receiving coil connected to the stimulator may be provided, and the supply and control device externally connected to a transmitting coil for wirelessly supplying the stimulator with electrical energy and for controlling the stimulator.
- the relatively small buildable components, stimulator, electrodes and receiver coil are implanted in the patient, whereas the usually larger supply and control device and the transmitter coil are placed externally.
- the supply of the stimulator with electrical energy is carried out inductively via the transmitting and Receiver coil of the system. As a result, no components are required, which penetrate the skin of the patient.
- fixing elements are advantageously provided for fastening the receiving coil of the implanted part of the stimulation system to the bone.
- These fixing elements may be clamps with corresponding bores for receiving bone screws, with the aid of which the receiving coil can be fixed to the bone under the muscle tissue to be stimulated.
- the stimulator and the receiving coil can be designed to be arranged in a recess in bone.
- the surgeon with the aid of appropriate tool would mill one of the size of the stimulator, and possibly the receiving coil and the electrodes corresponding recess from the bone and then arrange the stimulator and possibly the receiving coil and the electrodes in this recess of the bone and, for example by means of adhesives or fix screws.
- the transmitting coil of the stimulation system in the back and or or seat of a wheelchair can be integrated.
- the paralyzed patient equipped with the corresponding implanted components of the stimulation system can be stimulated during sitting in the wheelchair at appropriate time intervals and thus a structure and a preservation of the denervated musculature can be achieved.
- transmitting coils may also be integrated in a bed, whereby the patient equipped with the implanted components of the stimulation system, for example, can be stimulated during sleep. This further increases acceptance and allows more frequent use of functional electrostimulation and, as a result, better structure and better maintenance of the muscle.
- the transmission coil of the stimulation system can also be integrated in a garment.
- the belt, trousers, jacket or the like are suitable, wherein the at least one transmitting coil are arranged according to the implanted components of the stimulation system.
- the invention is also directed to a method for electrical stimulation of denervated musculature with a system as described above.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic block diagram of the most important components of a functional electrostimulation system
- Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a system for functional electrical stimulation with wireless transmission of electrical energy
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the possible arrangement of the electrodes and the stimulator on the femur and the pelvic bone of a patient.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the implantable components of the stimulation system
- Fig. 5 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the stimulation system in a bone fixation position
- Fig. 6 shows the arrangement of transmitting coils of the stimulation system in a wheelchair
- Fig. 7 shows the arrangement of a transmitting coil of the stimulation system in a bed.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic block diagram of a system 1 for electrostimulation of muscles, in particular denervated musculature, or nerves consisting of a stimulator 2 for generating electrical impulses, which is connected to a device 4 for the supply of electrical energy and for the control.
- the stimulator 2 is connected via corresponding connecting lines 5 with at least two electrodes 3, via which the electrical impulses are delivered to the respective tissue.
- the electrodes 3 also be designed so that it can be connected directly to the stimulator 2.
- at least one electrode 3 can be arranged on the stimulator 2 or can be formed by the housing of the stimulator 2 (not shown). It is also possible that the stimulator 2 contains at least two electrodes 3 and thus the stimulator 2 together with the at least two electrodes 3 is a closed structural unit (not shown).
- FIG. 2 shows a further basic block diagram of a stimulation system 1, in which the connection between stimulator 2 and supply and control device 4 is formed by a wireless link. Accordingly, the stimulator 2 with a receiving coil 6 and the supply and control device 4 are connected to a transmitting coil 7, via which the corresponding electrical energy is transmitted inductively to the receiving coil 6.
- the stimulator 2, the at least one electrode 3 together with the connecting line 5 and the receiving coil 6 are implantable according to the present invention, whereas the supply and control device 4 and the transmitting coil 7 are arranged outside the body.
- the skin surface of the body is marked accordingly in FIG. 2 by the line 8.
- Fig. 3 shows a basic arrangement of the implantable stimulators 2 and 3 electrodes on the bony skeleton of a patient, each module consisting of a stimulator 2 and two electrodes 3 and a receiving coil 6 are attached to the femur or pelvic bone K and optimal direct stimulation of allow musculature M lying above the bone K (see Fig. 5).
- the supply and control device 4 is connected to the transmitting coil 7 and wirelessly supplies the receiving coil 6 and the receiving coil 6 with electrical energy, which is required for the stimulation.
- the transmitting coil 7 can be integrated, for example, in the seat cushion or the backrest of a wheelchair (see FIG. 6), for which reason the patient only has the tendency to must start at regular intervals. With regular use of functional electrostimulation, rapid development of the degenerated muscle and its maintenance is possible and the formation of decubitus ulcers can be reduced or effectively prevented.
- the training units can also be time-controlled fully automatically.
- the counterelectrode may be arranged, for example, on the stimulator 2 (not shown).
- the electrode 3 has fastening devices for attachment to the bone, which, for example, through holes 9 for receiving bone screws 13 (see FIG. 5) or by eyelets 9 1 or the like. may be formed for suture fixation.
- the holes 9, eyelets 9 'or the like. are also suitable for ingrowth of connective tissue, whereby the electrode 3 can be fastened to the bone.
- the connecting line 5 between the electrode 3 and the stimulator 2 is formed in the illustrated example by a correspondingly extended formation of the electrode 3, whereby weak points such as solder or clamp connections of wires to the electrode 3 can be avoided.
- the bores 9 for receiving bone screws 13 may be electrically insulated from the electrode 3. This electrical insulation can be formed for example via corresponding insulating rings 21.
- stimulator 2 devices for attachment to the bone may be provided, which in turn may be formed by corresponding holes 10 for receiving bone screws 15 (see FIG. 5).
- corresponding holes 10 for receiving bone screws 15 see FIG. 5
- To fix the receiving coil 6 on the bone fixing elements 11 may also be provided, which in turn may have bores 12 for receiving bone screws (not shown).
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the implanted part of a stimulation system according to the present application, wherein the stimulator 2 is at least partially in an 14 in the bone K is arranged.
- the electrodes 3 could also be arranged in corresponding recesses in the bone (not shown), so that a flat surface on the bone K is formed and no irritation for the muscle M is shown.
- the attachment of the electrodes 3 and the stimulator 2 on the bone K can be done via appropriate bone screws 13, 15 or with the aid of an adhesive 16.
- the receiving coil 6 is arranged on the upper side facing away from the bone K of the stimulator 2 and integrated in the stimulator 2.
- each electrode 3 designed for attachment to the bone K is preferably electrically insulated from the bone K. This electrical insulation may be formed, for example, by an insulating layer 22 of electrically insulating material.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a suitable arrangement of the transmitting coils 7, of the stimulation system in the back 18 and / or seat 19 of a wheelchair 17.
- the transmitting coils 7 are connected to the supply and control device 4 accordingly. In this way, while sitting in the wheelchair 17, a stimulation of the musculature of the patient at the sites where the decubitus ulcers occur most often be performed.
- a transmitting coil 7 of the stimulation system 1 can also be placed or integrated in a bed 20.
- the transmitting coil 7 of the stimulation system 1 can also be arranged in a garment so as to allow convenient and regular use.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0044707A AT505042B1 (de) | 2007-03-21 | 2007-03-21 | System zur elektrostimulation |
PCT/AT2008/000100 WO2008113091A1 (de) | 2007-03-21 | 2008-03-20 | System zur elektrostimulation von muskeln oder nerven |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2146777A1 true EP2146777A1 (de) | 2010-01-27 |
Family
ID=39588047
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08714297A Withdrawn EP2146777A1 (de) | 2007-03-21 | 2008-03-20 | System zur elektrostimulation von muskeln oder nerven |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100036456A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2146777A1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT505042B1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2008229611B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2682209A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008113091A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11089984B2 (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2021-08-17 | David G. Austin | Human performance enhancement method and apparatus using wave of electrical stimuli |
US9226705B2 (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-01-05 | David G. Austin | Human performance enhancement method and apparatus |
WO2019032498A1 (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-14 | The United States Government As Represented By The United States Department Of Veterans Affairs | WHEELCHAIR SYSTEM WITH MOTION SENSORS AND NEURONAL STIMULATION |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4313438A (en) * | 1979-07-16 | 1982-02-02 | Greatbatch W | Tissue growth control apparatus and method |
CH657984A5 (de) * | 1979-09-24 | 1986-10-15 | Ingeborg Johanna Hochmair Deso | Anordnung zur elektrischen stimulation eines rezeptors, empfangseinheit fuer die anordnung, uebertragereinheit fuer die anordnung und verfahren zur herstellung derselben. |
US4340063A (en) * | 1980-01-02 | 1982-07-20 | Empi, Inc. | Stimulation device |
US5167229A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1992-12-01 | Case Western Reserve University | Functional neuromuscular stimulation system |
US5038781A (en) * | 1988-01-21 | 1991-08-13 | Hassan Hamedi | Multi-electrode neurological stimulation apparatus |
US5038780A (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1991-08-13 | The Biotronics Research Corp. | Method and apparatus for capacitively regenerating tissue and bone |
DE69128213T2 (de) * | 1990-05-26 | 1998-06-18 | Med El Medical Electronics Ele | Einrichtung zur neuromuskulären Elektroreizung |
DE69228531T2 (de) * | 1992-02-20 | 1999-07-29 | Neomedics Inc | Implantierbarer Knochenwachstumsstimulator |
WO1997029802A2 (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1997-08-21 | Advanced Bionics Corporation | Improved implantable microstimulator and systems employing the same |
US6319241B1 (en) * | 1998-04-30 | 2001-11-20 | Medtronic, Inc. | Techniques for positioning therapy delivery elements within a spinal cord or a brain |
RU2152809C1 (ru) * | 1999-05-18 | 2000-07-20 | Центральный институт травматологии и ортопедии им.Н.Н.Приорова | Способ восстановления функции денервированных мышц |
US6885888B2 (en) * | 2000-01-20 | 2005-04-26 | The Cleveland Clinic Foundation | Electrical stimulation of the sympathetic nerve chain |
ES2334492T3 (es) * | 2000-06-01 | 2010-03-11 | Lifewave Ltd. | Estimulador electrico para el tratamiento de escaras utilizando impulsos electricos. |
US6937904B2 (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2005-08-30 | Alfred E. Mann Institute For Biomedical Engineering At The University Of Southern California | System and method for providing recovery from muscle denervation |
US7231252B2 (en) * | 2002-01-21 | 2007-06-12 | Neopraxis Pty Ltd. | FES stimulator having multiple bundled leads |
EP1578498A1 (de) * | 2002-12-09 | 2005-09-28 | Medtronic, Inc. | Formteil für eine modulare implantierbare medizinische vorrichtung |
KR101189732B1 (ko) * | 2004-06-07 | 2012-10-11 | 신세스 게엠바하 | 센서를 구비한 정형외과용 임플란트 |
WO2007149936A2 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-12-27 | Ebr Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for implantable leadless tissue stimulation |
-
2007
- 2007-03-21 AT AT0044707A patent/AT505042B1/de active
-
2008
- 2008-03-20 WO PCT/AT2008/000100 patent/WO2008113091A1/de active Application Filing
- 2008-03-20 AU AU2008229611A patent/AU2008229611B2/en active Active
- 2008-03-20 CA CA002682209A patent/CA2682209A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-03-20 US US12/532,306 patent/US20100036456A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-03-20 EP EP08714297A patent/EP2146777A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2008113091A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT505042A1 (de) | 2008-10-15 |
CA2682209A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
AU2008229611B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
AT505042B1 (de) | 2009-11-15 |
US20100036456A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
WO2008113091A1 (de) | 2008-09-25 |
AU2008229611A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICALLY STIMULATING MUSCLES |
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RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: A61N 1/36 20060101ALI20130524BHEP Ipc: A61N 1/372 20060101AFI20130524BHEP Ipc: A61N 1/05 20060101ALI20130524BHEP |
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Effective date: 20131216 |