EP2137331A1 - Outil - Google Patents

Outil

Info

Publication number
EP2137331A1
EP2137331A1 EP08735860A EP08735860A EP2137331A1 EP 2137331 A1 EP2137331 A1 EP 2137331A1 EP 08735860 A EP08735860 A EP 08735860A EP 08735860 A EP08735860 A EP 08735860A EP 2137331 A1 EP2137331 A1 EP 2137331A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
binder
tool according
materials
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08735860A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Leo Prakash
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HC Starck GmbH
Original Assignee
HC Starck GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HC Starck GmbH filed Critical HC Starck GmbH
Publication of EP2137331A1 publication Critical patent/EP2137331A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/005—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
    • B23B2222/28—Details of hard metal, i.e. cemented carbide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/14—Cutters, for shaping with means to apply fluid to cutting tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/03—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/78—Tool of specific diverse material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to carbide tools that are suitable for drilling or milling processing of materials.
  • tool geometries which are characterized in that the tool consisting of hard metal has a longitudinal axis, which is the axis of rotation in the machining of materials at the same time, and a perpendicular thereto cross section, which is surrounded by a circle.
  • the diameter d of the tool (corresponds to the diameter of the enveloping circle) is smaller by the ratio l / d than the length of the tool, where l is the length of the axis of rotation.
  • Chips are generated by the cutting edge at the end of the tool, which, as soon as the borehole has reached a certain depth, are conveyed out via one or more helical or rectilinear grooves located in the cylinder surface of the tool.
  • the ratio l / d can be between 5 and 20, but reaches in the case of miniature drills for the processing of printed circuit boards for the electronics industry quite a factor of 200.
  • the tool is also designed so that not only at the end, but also effective laterally in the cylinder surface cutting grooves, the chips promoting groove can be omitted in whole or in part.
  • Can transmit torque which is composed of the cutting forces and the conveying forces of the chips in the groove. Falis jam chips, stress peaks occur.
  • the groove (s) represent a reduction in the loadable cross-sectional area and are potential starting points for catastrophic crack growth that results in tool breakage. Due to the continuing trend towards miniaturization, a reduction in the diameter of the tool results in a quadratic decrease in the transmittable torque, while the cutting forces only fall linearly. Processing safety decreases due to increasingly probable tool breakage. In particular, tools for drilling and milling printed circuit boards for the electronics industry as well as deep hole drills are affected.
  • the maximum forces to be transmitted of the tool depend on the material properties of the hard metal material, and can be determined by commonly known mechanical characteristics such as bending strength, or crack toughness (Kic).
  • the fracture toughness in the hard metal industry is usually calculated from the crack lengths of the Vickers hardness impression, the hardness and the stress according to the Shetty formula. While the flexural strength describes a real body containing fracture-inducing defects, the Kic value characterizes the fracture toughness of the material itself and thus the strength potential of a material with complete freedom from defects, and is therefore more suitable for systematic comparisons of materials regardless of the quality of the structure.
  • the wear resistance of a tool correlates positively with the hardness. However, hardness and strength can only be improved at the expense of the other property. Desirable for the tools described, therefore, would be an increase, for example, the strength without loss of hardness, or an increase in hardness without FesttechniksverSust.
  • Hard metals that is composites of metals of the iron group as a binder on the one hand (“binder phase”) and hard materials (carbides, nitrides, "hard material phase”) on the other hand, have as materials for processing
  • binder phase composites of metals of the iron group as a binder
  • hard materials carbides, nitrides, "hard material phase”
  • the metallic binder used is predominantly cobalt. As a result of the sintering process, this also contains, in addition to W, C, also fractions of Cr, for example, if chromium carbide is used as the hard material.
  • the metaltic binder may also contain Fe and Ni.
  • EP 1 007 751 A1 describes that by using Fe-, Co- and Ni-containing binders, a hard metal with better plasticity is obtained, which is attributed to a purely austenitic binder phase after sintering.
  • WO 99/10550 describes tools for boring and milling machining with austenitic binder phase, wherein the metallic binder contains 40-90% by weight of Co, and in each case 4 to 36% by weight of Ni or Fe, Fe and Ni being in the ratio 1.5 to 1 to 1: 1.5 stand. It is known that by varying the ratio Fe: Co: Ni in the metallic binder phase of hard metals, the phase inventory can be varied very widely.
  • WO 99/10550 shows the advantages of a stable austenitic lattice state of a FeCoNi binder alloy after sintering.
  • the binder alloy contains between 90 and 60% by weight of Co, the remainder being 100% by weight of Fe and Nt, the Fe to Ni ratio being about 1 +/- 0.5.
  • Such purely austenitic binder phases due to their stable lattice type, offer advantages at all temperatures up to the melting point.
  • Object of the present invention is to increase the strength of milling and drilling tools made of carbide and thus their strength, so the process reliability is increased. At the same time, the hardness should remain comparable.
  • This object is achieved by a milling and drilling tool with an optional two-phase (austenitic / martensitic) binder phase, which satisfies the conditions Fe 50 to 90 wt .-%, and Co: Ni less than 1.
  • the metallic binder phase can advantageously contain further alloy additions such as Cr in order to increase the hot hardness.
  • the tool can therefore be shaded, ie that only the actual tool is made of carbide, and the transition to the machine tool from another material, such as steel! The transition can be accomplished by a joining process such as shrinking, or by soldering.
  • the invention therefore relates to a hardmetal tool rotating about its own longitudinal axis with a! / D ratio (ratio of length to diameter) of 2 to 200 for the exciting machining of materials, comprising an at least two-phase austenitic / martensitic binder phase and a hard material.
  • the invention relates to a rotating around its own longitudinal axis carbide tool with a l / d ratio (ratio of length to diameter) of 2 to 200 for exciting machining of materials containing a binder phase and a hard material, wherein the binder phase of a Hard metal binder phase with the Hauptbinderberetemaschine iron, nickel and cobalt is and the iron content between 50 and 90 wt .-%, the nickel content between 10 and 30 wt -% and the maximum cobalt content is 30 wt .-%.
  • the cobalt content is thus 0 to 30 wt .-% or 5 to 30 wt .-%.
  • the contents of the binder components of Fe are advantageously from 70% by weight to 90% by weight, in particular from 75% by weight to 85% by weight or from 70% by weight to 80% by weight, Ni 10 Wt .-% to 20 wt .-%, in particular 15 wt .-% to 20 wt .-% or 18 wt .-% to 20 wt .-% and optionally cobalt in amounts of 4 to 15 wt .-%, or from 5 to 12% by weight.
  • the Co: Ni ratio is preferably less than or equal to 1, more preferably from 0.5 to zero, wherein the ratio refers to the amount of these metals in the binder, indicated in weight percent (wt .-%).
  • binder compositions are particularly advantageous if the ratio Co: Ni is less than or equal to 1 or 0 to 0.5.
  • Particularly preferred individual binder compositions are, for example, FeNi 85/15, 82/18 and 80/20, FeCoNi 70/12/18, FeCoNi 80/5/15, 70/10/20, 65/20/15 and 75 / 20.5.
  • the contents of the binder components are given in weight percent, based on the composition of the binder.
  • the above-mentioned ratio of cobalt to nickel of less than or equal to 1 or less than 0.5 refers to the amounts of these metals one weight percent.
  • the binder has no other ingredients than those listed above, except for unavoidable impurities.
  • the binder can also the elements C, N, Cr, V, W, Mo, Ta, Nb, Hf, Ti, Zr, Mn, Ru, Re, Al, Ce, La both individually as well as their combinations with each other.
  • the presence of these elements can be the result of using the corresponding nitrides, carbides, carbonitrides or the use of elemental powders.
  • These elements may be present in total in amounts of up to 10 percent by weight, based on the total binder phase. If appropriate, the addition of these elements is also suitable for effecting the multiphase nature of the Fe-Co-Ni binder or else its single-phase nature.
  • These elements may advantageously be present in amounts of 0.05 to 10, in particular from 0.1 to 5 wt .-% in the binder.
  • the binder has no further constituents apart from unavoidable impurities.
  • binder used may still be unavoidable impurities, for example oxygen, nitrogen, copper and manganese. These may be wholly or partially present after sintering in the binder phase.
  • the binder content of the hard metal » from which the tool according to the invention consists is between 3 and 50 weight percent, more preferably between 5 and 25 wt -%.
  • the binder phase is optionally biphasic according to the invention after sintering. This means that the binder phase is either immediate after sintering is two or more phases or that it will do so during use.
  • the one, two or more phases of the binder can also be achieved by an additional heat treatment, that is, for example, an additional heat treatment step, wherein the tool is annealed, for example.
  • an additional heat treatment that is, for example, an additional heat treatment step, wherein the tool is annealed, for example.
  • Such heat treatment, cooling and tempering processes are familiar to those skilled in the metallurgy and process engineering of iron-based alloys.
  • the heat treatment may also be inevitably effected by another process step, wherein the tool is either heated or heated by e.g. Frictional heat inevitably occurs a heat of reaction, or during soldering.
  • the tool also optionally contains a hard material, which contains one or more feststgkeitssteigemde and finely divided third phases from the group of oxides, nitrides, carbides, or intermetallic phases.
  • a hard material which contains one or more feststgkeitssteigemde and finely divided third phases from the group of oxides, nitrides, carbides, or intermetallic phases.
  • Suitable hard materials are known to the person skilled in the art, for example only tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, niobium carbide or titanium nitride or their mixed phases are listed among themselves.
  • the tool may also be provided with one or more coatings, such as diamond, alumina or titanium nitride, or titanium-aluminum nitride. These coatings may have been applied both by CVD or PVD methods and by their combination, optionally also alternately.
  • the tool may also have different Binderphasenanteiie along the longitudinal axis, and / or underfeldiiche phase compositions in the radial direction, transverse to the longitudinal axis of the tool and / or different volume fractions of binder along the longitudinal and / or transverse axis.
  • the tool can optionally cavities along the axis for the
  • the tool according to the invention can be used, in particular, for processing composite materials, printed circuit boards, metallic iron-based or non-ferrous materials, wood materials, rock materials (such as stone building materials and soils) or combinations thereof.
  • the machining can be done by drilling and / or milling.
  • the invention therefore also relates to the use of a tool according to the invention for machining materials by drilling or milling.
  • the invention thus also relates to a device for machining materials, (in particular the above-mentioned materials), wherein the device comprises a tool according to the invention.
  • a hard metal powder mixture consisting of 90 wt .-% WC powder having a particle size of 0.8 microns FSSS (ASTM B330) and a binder metal content of 10 wt%, consisting of prealloyed 70Fe12Co18Ni- powder (information on the Percent by weight alloying elements) was produced by wet milling in an attritor and processed into granules in a conventional spray dryer. Before spray-drying, an emulsion of paraffin wax was added to the suspension obtained from the wet grinding after separation of the grinding balls, with continuous stirring, so that the wax content of the spray-dried granules was 2% by weight.
  • the carbon content of the mixture was adjusted by adding carbon black so that the cemented carbide did not contain any harmful third phases such as free carbon or carbon deficit carbides ("eta phases") after sintering after drying the organic plasticizing agent or wax in a graphite sintering oven at 1450 ° C. for one hour in vacuo, the metallographic examination of the carbide semi-finished products showed that the hard metal had a
  • the binder distribution was good and there were very few WC coarse grains up to a grain size of 3 microns or larger, the hardness of the cemented carbide was 1720HV10 and X-ray analysis show- te that the binder consists of martensite and austenite.
  • the microstructure was very uniform without WC coarse grains> 2 ⁇ m.
  • the blanks were processed into carbide cutters with a diameter of 1.5 mm.
  • the comparative milling cutter made of WC-Co showed a tool life of 10.1 m, the cutter with the FeNi binder a tool life of 13.5 mm in the fracture behavior test.
  • the WC-85Fe15Ni carbides were also tested as drills ⁇ 0.3 mm diameter for circuit boards.
  • the average wear of the standard drill was 11 units » for the WC FeNi drill only 8.5 units. In terms of drill life, the standard drill had a lifetime of 3500 holes, while the WC-FeNi drill had a life of 4500 holes.
  • the conventional WC co-drills showed an increased risk of major cutting edge breakouts compared to WC-FeNi drills.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des outils en métal dur s'utilisant pour l'usinage par perçage ou par fraisage de matériaux.
EP08735860A 2007-04-11 2008-04-07 Outil Withdrawn EP2137331A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007017306A DE102007017306A1 (de) 2007-04-11 2007-04-11 Längliches Hartmetallwerkzeug mit Eisenbasis-Binder
PCT/EP2008/054124 WO2008125525A1 (fr) 2007-04-11 2008-04-07 Outil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2137331A1 true EP2137331A1 (fr) 2009-12-30

Family

ID=39535568

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08735860A Withdrawn EP2137331A1 (fr) 2007-04-11 2008-04-07 Outil

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20100054871A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2137331A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010523355A (fr)
KR (1) KR20090130075A (fr)
CN (1) CN101652490A (fr)
AU (1) AU2008238015A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007017306A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2009141366A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008125525A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200906369B (fr)

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JP3927589B1 (ja) * 2006-01-17 2007-06-13 酒井精工株式会社 回転切削工具および回転切削工具の製造方法
RU2551341C2 (ru) * 2013-06-20 2015-05-20 Анатолий Борисович Коршунов Твердосплавное сверло из кобальтсодержащего материала для перфоратора с износостойким приповерхностным слоем
CN103567545A (zh) * 2013-09-09 2014-02-12 昆山奥德鲁自动化技术有限公司 一种高强度铰刀
CN104400080B (zh) * 2014-09-23 2017-04-05 宁波市荣科迈特数控刀具有限公司 一种深孔钻
CN104998966B (zh) * 2015-05-18 2017-03-22 株洲固纳特硬质合金有限公司 一种红冲模类硬质合金模具基体形成及制作方法
WO2017038867A1 (fr) 2015-09-02 2017-03-09 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 Feuille d'entrée pour forage de trous, et procédé de forage de trou dans lequel ladite feuille est utilisée
BR112018004848B1 (pt) * 2015-11-26 2023-02-14 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. Método de corte
KR20180115666A (ko) 2016-02-17 2018-10-23 미츠비시 가스 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 절삭 가공 방법 및 절삭물의 제조 방법
EP3539697A4 (fr) 2016-11-14 2019-11-27 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. Élément pour la formation d'un bord d'accumulation et procédé de formation de bord intégré
JP7057901B2 (ja) 2017-05-25 2022-04-21 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 切削加工補助潤滑材、切削加工補助潤滑シート、及び切削加工方法
WO2024067985A1 (fr) * 2022-09-29 2024-04-04 ALFA TIM d.o.o. Métal dur wc-9,0feni-[0,5-1,0]cr3c2-0,5nbc aux propriétés mécaniques et à la résistance à la corrosion améliorées

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2009141366A (ru) 2011-05-20
ZA200906369B (en) 2010-05-26
US20100054871A1 (en) 2010-03-04
JP2010523355A (ja) 2010-07-15
AU2008238015A1 (en) 2008-10-23
DE102007017306A1 (de) 2008-10-16
CN101652490A (zh) 2010-02-17
KR20090130075A (ko) 2009-12-17
WO2008125525A1 (fr) 2008-10-23

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