EP2132418B1 - Valve drive for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, comprising a movable cam support and a twin worm gear - Google Patents

Valve drive for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, comprising a movable cam support and a twin worm gear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2132418B1
EP2132418B1 EP08716104A EP08716104A EP2132418B1 EP 2132418 B1 EP2132418 B1 EP 2132418B1 EP 08716104 A EP08716104 A EP 08716104A EP 08716104 A EP08716104 A EP 08716104A EP 2132418 B1 EP2132418 B1 EP 2132418B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cam
engagement
groove
handed
camshaft
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EP08716104A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2132418A1 (en
Inventor
Dirk Schöneberg
Jörg Wutzler
Holger Voges
Gero Bromme
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/185—Overhead end-pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/2405—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means of a hydraulic adjusting device located between the cylinder head and rocker arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0476—Camshaft bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve train for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine.
  • valve trains are known in which the working cycle can be influenced, for example, to allow a speed-dependent change in the opening times or the stroke of the gas exchange valves.
  • the means for axially displacing the cam carrier comprise two worm gears with mirror-inverted cam tracks which are arranged at the opposite ends of the cam carrier and a right-handed and a left-handed helical groove and with two axially mounted in the cylinder head housing of the internal combustion engine actuators , each comprising an engaging element formed as a driving pin, which can be brought by activation of the actuator with the groove of the adjacent curved track in engagement to move the cam carrier to the right or left.
  • the DE 101 48 177 A1 already discloses a valve train in which means for axially displacing a cam carrier comprise a right-handed and a left-handed groove, which are arranged directly adjacent to each other in the cam carrier and merge into one another or unite.
  • the devices further include, for each cam carrier, an engagement member that is engageable with the grooves.
  • the invention has the object to improve a valve train of the type mentioned in that the required for the actuators or the curved paths axial space and the number of parts to be assembled can be reduced.
  • right-handed and left-handed groove in the context of the present invention relate to the sense of rotation of the groove between its inlet, on which an engagement member is brought into engagement with the groove, and its outlet, on which the engagement member is disengaged from the groove again.
  • the pitch of the groove usually extends over a rotational angle of the camshaft of about 180 degrees, corresponding to a base circle portion of the cams and / or cam profiles on the cam carrier, while the grooves also extend over a larger angle of rotation and next to a section with a slope or more in the circumferential direction of the cam carrier extending portions may include.
  • the part of the two grooves located behind the union can be used in both directions of displacement of the cam carrier for engagement of an engagement element, whereby the overall width and thus the required axial space of the cam tracks can be reduced.
  • the separate actuators can be summarized according to a preferred embodiment of the invention to a single actuator with a plurality of engagement elements whose space requirement is also smaller than the space required by separate actuators.
  • valve train 1 for four intake valves (not shown) of cylinders of an internal combustion engine with an overhead, rotatably mounted in a cylinder head housing of the engine camshaft 2, the hub and the opening times of the two actuated by the camshaft 2 intake valves each Adjust the cylinder.
  • the valve train 1 comprises for each pair of intake valves a rotatably and axially displaceably mounted on the camshaft 2 cam carrier 3 and 4, wherein each cam carrier 3, 4 has two axially spaced cam groups 5, 6.
  • Each of the two cam groups 5, 6 cooperates with a roller 7 of a pivotally mounted roller cam follower 8 of one of the valves.
  • About the role 7 is an in Fig. 2 shown in broken lines, provided at the lower end with a valve plate 9 valve member 10 which can be pressed to open the respective valve against the force of a valve spring 11 in the cylinder head down.
  • the valve train 1 further includes a valve also for each of the valves Fig. 2 shown in broken lines hydraulic valve clearance compensation element 12th
  • Each of the two cam groups 5, 6 of each cam carrier 3, 4 has three cams 13, 14, 15, which have different cam contours or cam profiles and by axial displacement of the associated cam carrier 3, 4 on the camshaft 2 optionally with the roller 7 of the finger lever 8 bring the associated valve in abutting contact.
  • the extent of the axial displacement of the cam carrier 3, 4 between two adjacent displacement positions corresponds to the center distance of adjacent cams 13, 14 and 14, 15 or cam profiles.
  • the hollow cylindrical cam carrier 3, 4 To connect the cam carrier 3, 4 rotatably and axially displaceable with the camshaft 2, the hollow cylindrical cam carrier 3, 4 at its inner periphery on a longitudinal toothing, which meshes with a complementary external toothing on the camshaft 2, as in Fig. 2 shown at 16.
  • the axial displacement of the two cam carriers 3, 4 on the camshaft 2 takes place in each case with the aid of a worm drive 17 and is always carried out when a continuous base circle section 18 of the cam groups 5, 6 during a rotation angle of the camshaft 2 of about 180 degrees, the rollers 7 of Drag lever 8 is opposite.
  • Each of the worm gears 17 comprises a right-handed groove 19 and a left-handed groove 20, which are arranged side by side on the right front end of the associated cam carrier 3 and 4 and merge into one another or unite, and a stationary mounted in the cylinder head housing actuator 21 with three engagement elements 22nd , 23, 24, which are separated from each other by appropriate activation of the actuator 21 from a in Fig. 1 and 5 Extend shown retracted position and can be brought into engagement with one of the two grooves 19, 20 to the cam carrier 3. 4 gradually by the center distance of two adjacent cams 13, 14 and 14, 15 to move to the left or to the right, as follows will be explained in more detail.
  • Each of the two grooves 19, 20 has an inlet 28, from which the grooves 19, 20 are gradually deeper and at first extend to each other with the same groove width.
  • the inlets 28 of the two grooves 19, 20 are respectively in the vicinity of the opposite ends of the section 27 and are each aligned at the same rotational angle to the axis of rotation 25, wherein their alignment coincides with the end of the base circle portion 18 of the cam or cam profile groups 5, 6 , From the inlet 28, the two grooves 19, 20 extend approximately at a circumferential angle of about 270 degrees apart, first extending circumferentially about a circumferential angle of about 180 degrees, while one of the cams 13, 14, 15 passes over the roller 7 the associated rocker arm 8 moves.
  • the center axis of the united grooves 19, 20 extends in the circumferential direction of the portion 27, while the opposite outer boundary walls 33, 34 of the unified grooves 19, 20 converge in the direction of rotation of the cam carrier 3, 4 to the end of the base circle portion 18, so that the width of the united grooves 18, 19 at the level of the inlets 28 again corresponds to the width of one of the separate grooves 19 and 20, respectively.
  • the united grooves 19, 20 extend in the circumferential direction to the outlet 35 (FIG. Fig. 3 and 5 ), which is arranged at an angular distance of about 180 degrees behind the junction 32 and offset with respect to the inlets 28 of the two grooves 19, 20 by about 90 degrees in the direction of rotation of the camshaft 2.
  • Fig. 1 how best in Fig. 1 shown, are adjacent engagement elements 22, 23; 23, 24 arranged in the axial direction of the camshaft 2 each in a center distance of adjacent cams 13, 14, 15 and / or cam profiles corresponding distance, which is also the center distance between the inlet 28 of one of the two grooves 19, 20 and the common outlet 35th equivalent.
  • the operation of the worm drive is as follows:
  • the actuator 21 is activated to the in Fig. 5a blackened shown mean engagement element 23 extend and bring it with the left-handed groove 20 into engagement.
  • the extension of the engagement member 23 takes place before the inlet 28 of the groove 20 in the direction of rotation of the camshaft 2 (arrow D in Fig. 5 ) moves in front of the engagement member 23 over, so that its free end at the inlet 28 enters the groove 20 and during rotation of the camshaft 2 of about 450 degrees through the entire left-handed groove 20 through to the common outlet 35 of the two grooves 19, 20 moves.
  • the cam carriers 3 and 4 are each rotatably mounted between two valves in plain bearings 36, which together with the cam carriers 3 , 4 are axially displaceable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

An automotive piston engine has valves opened and closed by cams on a camshaft rotating within a cylinder head cover. The camshaft has cam carriers that rotate with but slide axially along the cam. Cam guides (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24) shift the cam carriers axially on the camshaft in opposite directions. The cam guides (22, 23, 24) have right or left helical grooves (19, 20). The right- and left-handed grooves are located immediately alongside and translating into each other.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ventiltrieb für Gaswechselventile einer Brennkraftmaschine.The invention relates to a valve train for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine.

Zur Verbesserung der thermodynamischen Eigenschaften von Brennkraftmaschinen sind Ventiltriebe bekannt, bei denen das Arbeitsspiel beeinflusst werden kann, um beispielsweise eine drehzahlabhängige Veränderung der Öffnungszeiten oder des Hubs der Gaswechselventile zu ermöglichen.To improve the thermodynamic properties of internal combustion engines valve trains are known in which the working cycle can be influenced, for example, to allow a speed-dependent change in the opening times or the stroke of the gas exchange valves.

Aus der EP 1 608 849 B1 ist bereits ein Ventiltrieb mit mindestens einer in einem Gehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine drehbar gelagerten Nockenwelle, mindestens einem drehfest und axial verschiebbar auf der Nockenwelle geführten Nockenträger, sowie Einrichtungen zum axialen Verschieben des mindestens einen Nockenträgers auf der Nockenwelle in entgegengesetzten Richtungen bekannt. Bei dem bekannten Ventiltrieb umfassen die Einrichtungen zum axialen Verschieben des Nockenträgers zwei Schneckentriebe mit spiegelbildlichen Kurvenbahnen, die an den entgegengesetzten Stirnenden des Nockenträgers angeordnet sind und eine rechtsdrehende bzw. eine linksdrehende schraubenförmige Nut umfassen, sowie mit zwei im axialen Abstand im Zylinderkopfgehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine montierten Stellorganen, die jeweils ein als Mitnehmerstift ausgebildetes Eingriffselement umfassen, das sich durch Aktivierung des Stellorgans mit der Nut der benachbarten Kurvenbahn in Eingriff bringen lässt, um den Nockenträger nach rechts bzw. links zu verschieben.From the EP 1 608 849 B1 is already a valve train with at least one camshaft rotatably mounted in a housing of the internal combustion engine, at least one rotatably and axially displaceably guided on the cam shaft cam carrier, and means for axially displacing the at least one cam carrier on the camshaft in opposite directions known. In the known valve train, the means for axially displacing the cam carrier comprise two worm gears with mirror-inverted cam tracks which are arranged at the opposite ends of the cam carrier and a right-handed and a left-handed helical groove and with two axially mounted in the cylinder head housing of the internal combustion engine actuators , each comprising an engaging element formed as a driving pin, which can be brought by activation of the actuator with the groove of the adjacent curved track in engagement to move the cam carrier to the right or left.

Zur Verbesserung der Möglichkeiten zur Beeinflussung des Arbeitsspiels des Ventiltriebs wäre es wünschenswert, die Nocken- oder Nockenprofilgruppen des Nockenträgers um einen weiteren Nocken oder ein weiteres Nockenprofil mit einer anderen Kontur zu erweitern, wie in der EP 1 503 048 A1 offenbart. Dies macht es jedoch erforderlich, den Nockenträger zwischen drei verschiedenen Verschiebestellungen hin und her zu bewegen. Eine Vergrößerung der Anzahl der Stellorgane oder Aktuatoren im Zylinderkopf bzw. eine Verbreiterung eines mit den Kurvenbahnen versehenen Abschnitts des Nockenträgers ist jedoch nicht nur wegen des dazu benötigten größeren axialen Bauraums sondern auch wegen des höheren Montageaufwands unerwünscht.To improve the possibilities for influencing the working cycle of the valve train, it would be desirable to expand the cam or cam profile groups of the cam carrier by a further cam or another cam profile with a different contour, as in EP 1 503 048 A1 disclosed. However, this makes it necessary to move the cam carrier back and forth between three different displacement positions. An increase in the number of actuators or actuators in the cylinder head and a broadening provided with the cam tracks portion of the cam carrier is not only undesirable because of the required larger axial space but also because of the higher assembly costs.

Die DE 101 48 177 A1 offenbart bereits einen Ventiltrieb, bei dem Einrichtungen zum axialen Verschieben eines Nockenträgers eine rechtsgängige und eine linksgängige Nut umfassen, die unmittelbar nebeneinander im Nockenträger angeordnet sind und ineinander übergehen bzw. sich vereinigen. Die Einrichtungen umfassen weiter für jeden Nockenträger ein Eingriffselement, das sich mit den Nuten in Eingriff bringen lässt.The DE 101 48 177 A1 already discloses a valve train in which means for axially displacing a cam carrier comprise a right-handed and a left-handed groove, which are arranged directly adjacent to each other in the cam carrier and merge into one another or unite. The devices further include, for each cam carrier, an engagement member that is engageable with the grooves.

Aus der EP 0 579 592 A1 ist es bei einem Ventiltrieb mit einer axial verschiebbaren Nockenwelle bekannt, in der Nockenwelle eine Verschiebekulisse mit einer rechtsgängigen und einer linksgängigen Führungsnut vorzusehen, die unmittelbar nebeneinander in der Nockenwelle angeordnet sind und ineinander übergehen bzw. sich vereinigen.From the EP 0 579 592 A1 it is known in a valve train with an axially displaceable camshaft to provide in the camshaft a Verschiebekulisse with a right-handed and a left-hand guide, which are arranged directly adjacent to each other in the camshaft and merge into each other or unite.

Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Ventiltrieb der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass sich der für die Stellorgane bzw. die Kurvenbahnen benötigte axiale Bauraum und die Anzahl der zu montierenden Teile verkleinern lässt.Proceeding from this, the invention has the object to improve a valve train of the type mentioned in that the required for the actuators or the curved paths axial space and the number of parts to be assembled can be reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Die Begriffe rechtsgängige und linksgängige Nut im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung beziehen sich auf den Drehsinn der Nut zwischen ihrem Einlauf, an dem ein Eingriffselement mit der Nut in Eingriff gebracht wird, und ihrem Auslauf, an dem das Eingriffselement wieder aus der Nut ausgerückt wird. Die Steigung der Nut erstreckt sich in der Regel über einen Drehwinkel der Nockenwelle von etwa 180 Grad, entsprechend einem Grundkreisabschnitt der Nocken und/oder Nockenprofile auf dem Nockenträger, während sich die Nuten insgesamt auch über einen größeren Drehwinkel erstrecken und neben einem Abschnitt mit Steigung einen oder mehrere in Umfangsrichtung des Nockenträgers verlaufende Abschnitte umfassen können.The terms right-handed and left-handed groove in the context of the present invention relate to the sense of rotation of the groove between its inlet, on which an engagement member is brought into engagement with the groove, and its outlet, on which the engagement member is disengaged from the groove again. The pitch of the groove usually extends over a rotational angle of the camshaft of about 180 degrees, corresponding to a base circle portion of the cams and / or cam profiles on the cam carrier, while the grooves also extend over a larger angle of rotation and next to a section with a slope or more in the circumferential direction of the cam carrier extending portions may include.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Merkmalskombination kann der hinter der Vereinigung liegende Teil der beiden Nuten in beiden Verschieberichtungen des Nockenträgers für den Eingriff eines Eingriffselements genutzt werden, wodurch sich die Gesamtbreite und damit der erforderliche axiale Bauraum der Kurvenbahnen verkleinern lässt. Außerdem können die getrennten Stellorgane gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung zu einem einzigen Stellorgan mit mehreren Eingriffselementen zusammengefasst werden, dessen Platzbedarf ebenfalls kleiner als der Platzbedarf von getrennten Stellorganen ist.Due to the feature combination according to the invention, the part of the two grooves located behind the union can be used in both directions of displacement of the cam carrier for engagement of an engagement element, whereby the overall width and thus the required axial space of the cam tracks can be reduced. In addition, the separate actuators can be summarized according to a preferred embodiment of the invention to a single actuator with a plurality of engagement elements whose space requirement is also smaller than the space required by separate actuators.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1: eine Draufsicht von oben auf Teile eines Ventiltriebs für eine Mehrzahl von Einlassventilen von Zylindern einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zwei auf einer Nockenwelle verschiebbaren Nockenträgern;
  • Fig. 2: eine Stirnseitenansicht des Ventiltriebs in Richtung der Pfeile II-II in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3: eine Längsschnittansicht des Ventiltriebs entlang der Linie III-III der Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4: eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Abschnitts von einem der Nockenträger mit einem Teil eines Schneckentriebs;
  • Fig. 5a bis c: schematische Seitenansichten des Schneckentriebs zur Erläuterung von dessen Funktionsweise.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 FIG. 2 is a top plan view of parts of a valvetrain for a plurality of intake valves of cylinders of an internal combustion engine having two cam carriers displaceable on a camshaft; FIG.
  • Fig. 2 : An end view of the valve gear in the direction of arrows II-II in Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 3 a longitudinal sectional view of the valve train along the line III-III of Fig. 2 ;
  • Fig. 4 a perspective view of a portion of one of the cam carrier with a part of a worm drive;
  • Fig. 5a to c: schematic side views of the worm drive to explain its operation.

Mit dem in der Zeichnung nur teilweise dargestellten Ventiltrieb 1 für vier Einlassventile (nicht dargestellt) von Zylindern einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer obenliegenden, in einem Zylinderkopfgehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine drehbar gelagerten Nockenwelle 2 lassen sich der Hub und die Öffnungszeiten der beiden von der Nockenwelle 2 betätigten Einlassventile jedes Zylinders verstellen.With the only partially shown in the drawing valve train 1 for four intake valves (not shown) of cylinders of an internal combustion engine with an overhead, rotatably mounted in a cylinder head housing of the engine camshaft 2, the hub and the opening times of the two actuated by the camshaft 2 intake valves each Adjust the cylinder.

Wie am besten in Fig. 1 und 3 dargestellt, umfasst der Ventiltrieb 1 dazu für jedes Paar von Einlassventilen einen drehfest und axial verschiebbar auf der Nockenwelle 2 montierten Nockenträger 3 bzw. 4, wobei jeder Nockenträger 3, 4 zwei im axialen Abstand voneinander angeordnete Nockengruppen 5, 6 aufweist. Jede der beiden Nockengruppen 5, 6 wirkt mit einer Rolle 7 eines schwenkbar gelagerten Rollenschlepphebels 8 von einem der Ventile zusammen. Über die Rolle 7 wird ein in Fig. 2 in unterbrochenen Linien dargestelltes, am unteren Ende mit einem Ventilteller 9 versehenes Ventilglied 10 betätigt, das sich zum Öffnen des jeweiligen Ventils entgegen der Kraft einer Ventilfeder 11 im Zylinderkopf nach unten drücken lässt. Der Ventiltrieb 1 umfasst darüber hinaus für jedes der Ventile ein ebenfalls in Fig. 2 in unterbrochenen Linien dargestelltes hydraulisches Ventilspielausgleichselement 12.How best in Fig. 1 and 3 illustrated, the valve train 1 comprises for each pair of intake valves a rotatably and axially displaceably mounted on the camshaft 2 cam carrier 3 and 4, wherein each cam carrier 3, 4 has two axially spaced cam groups 5, 6. Each of the two cam groups 5, 6 cooperates with a roller 7 of a pivotally mounted roller cam follower 8 of one of the valves. About the role 7 is an in Fig. 2 shown in broken lines, provided at the lower end with a valve plate 9 valve member 10 which can be pressed to open the respective valve against the force of a valve spring 11 in the cylinder head down. The valve train 1 further includes a valve also for each of the valves Fig. 2 shown in broken lines hydraulic valve clearance compensation element 12th

Jede der beiden Nockengruppen 5, 6 jedes Nockenträgers 3, 4 weist drei Nocken 13, 14, 15 auf, die unterschiedliche Nockenkonturen oder Nockenprofile besitzen und sich durch axiale Verschiebung des zugehörigen Nockenträgers 3, 4 auf der Nockenwelle 2 wahlweise mit der Rolle 7 des Schlepphebels 8 des zugehörigen Ventils in Anlagekontakt bringen lassen. Das Maß der axialen Verschiebung des Nockenträgers 3, 4 zwischen zwei benachbarten Verschiebestellungen entspricht dem Mittenabstand benachbarter Nocken 13, 14 bzw. 14, 15 oder Nockenprofile.Each of the two cam groups 5, 6 of each cam carrier 3, 4 has three cams 13, 14, 15, which have different cam contours or cam profiles and by axial displacement of the associated cam carrier 3, 4 on the camshaft 2 optionally with the roller 7 of the finger lever 8 bring the associated valve in abutting contact. The extent of the axial displacement of the cam carrier 3, 4 between two adjacent displacement positions corresponds to the center distance of adjacent cams 13, 14 and 14, 15 or cam profiles.

Um die Nockenträger 3, 4 drehfest und axial verschiebbar mit der Nockenwelle 2 zu verbinden, weisen die hohlzylindrischen Nockenträger 3, 4 an ihrem inneren Umfang eine Längsverzahnung auf, die mit einer komplementären Außenverzahnung auf der Nockenwelle 2 kämmt, wie in Fig. 2 bei 16 dargestellt.To connect the cam carrier 3, 4 rotatably and axially displaceable with the camshaft 2, the hollow cylindrical cam carrier 3, 4 at its inner periphery on a longitudinal toothing, which meshes with a complementary external toothing on the camshaft 2, as in Fig. 2 shown at 16.

Die axiale Verschiebung der beiden Nockenträger 3, 4 auf der Nockenwelle 2 erfolgt jeweils mit Hilfe eines Schneckentriebs 17 und wird immer dann vorgenommen, wenn ein durchgängiger Grundkreisabschnitt 18 der Nockengruppen 5, 6 während eines Drehwinkels der Nockenwelle 2 von etwa 180 Grad den Rollen 7 der Schlepphebel 8 gegenüberliegt.The axial displacement of the two cam carriers 3, 4 on the camshaft 2 takes place in each case with the aid of a worm drive 17 and is always carried out when a continuous base circle section 18 of the cam groups 5, 6 during a rotation angle of the camshaft 2 of about 180 degrees, the rollers 7 of Drag lever 8 is opposite.

Jeder der Schneckentriebe 17 umfasst eine rechtsgängige Nut 19 und eine linksgängige Nut 20, die nebeneinander am rechten Stirnende des zugehörigen Nockenträgers 3 bzw. 4 angeordnet sind und ineinander übergehen bzw. sich miteinander vereinigen, sowie ein ortsfest im Zylinderkopfgehäuse montiertes Stellorgan 21 mit drei Eingriffselementen 22, 23, 24, die sich getrennt voneinander durch entsprechende Aktivierung des Stellorgans 21 aus einer in Fig. 1 und 5 dargestellten eingefahrenen Stellung ausfahren und mit einer der beiden Nuten 19, 20 in Eingriff bringen lassen, um den Nockenträger 3. 4 schrittweise jeweils um den Mittenabstand zweier benachbarter Nocken 13, 14 bzw. 14, 15 nach links oder nach rechts zu verschieben, wie nachfolgend ausführlicher erläutert wird.Each of the worm gears 17 comprises a right-handed groove 19 and a left-handed groove 20, which are arranged side by side on the right front end of the associated cam carrier 3 and 4 and merge into one another or unite, and a stationary mounted in the cylinder head housing actuator 21 with three engagement elements 22nd , 23, 24, which are separated from each other by appropriate activation of the actuator 21 from a in Fig. 1 and 5 Extend shown retracted position and can be brought into engagement with one of the two grooves 19, 20 to the cam carrier 3. 4 gradually by the center distance of two adjacent cams 13, 14 and 14, 15 to move to the left or to the right, as follows will be explained in more detail.

Wie am besten in Fig. 4 dargestellt, sind die beiden Nuten 19, 20 in der zylindrischen Umfangsfläche 26 eines zur Drehachse 25 der Nockenwelle 2 koaxialen Abschnitts 27 des Nockenträgers 3, 4 an einem von dessen Stirnenden ausgespart, wobei sie zu einer radialen Mittelebene des Abschnitts 27 symmetrisch sind. Jede der beiden Nuten 19, 20 weist einen Einlauf 28 auf, von dem aus die Nuten 19, 20 allmählich tiefer werden und sich zuerst mit gleichbleibender Nutbreite aufeinander zu erstrecken. Die Einläufe 28 der beiden Nuten 19, 20 befinden sich jeweils in der Nähe der entgegengesetzten Stirnenden des Abschnitts 27 und sind jeweils unter demselben Drehwinkel zur Drehachse 25 ausgerichtet, wobei ihre Ausrichtung mit dem Ende des Grundkreisabschnitts 18 der Nocken- oder Nockenprofilgruppen 5, 6 zusammenfällt. Vom Einlauf 28 aus erstrecken sich die beiden Nuten 19, 20 etwa über einen Umfangswinkel von etwa 270 Grad getrennt voneinander, wobei sie zuerst über einen Umfangswinkel von etwa 180 Grad in Umfangsrichtung verlaufen, während sich einer der Nocken 13, 14, 15 über die Rolle 7 des zugehörigen Schlepphebels 8 bewegt. Während sich der Grundkreisabschnitt 18 der Nocken- oder Nockenprofilgruppen 5, 6 über die Rolle 7 bewegt, laufen die Nuten 19, 20 dann mit umgekehrtem Drehsinn aufeinander zu, wobei der Abstand ihrer beiden Mittelachsen allmählich abnimmt und eine zwischen den Nuten 19, 20 angeordnete Trennwand 29 allmählich schmaler wird, bis die zueinander benachbarten inneren Begrenzungswände 30, 31 der Nuten 19, 20 an der Stelle 32 zusammentreffen, an der sich die Nuten 19, 20 vereinigen. Hinter der Vereinigungsstelle 32 erstreckt sich die Mittelachse der vereinigten Nuten 19, 20 in Umfangsrichtung des Abschnitts 27, während die gegenüberliegenden äußeren Begrenzungswände 33, 34 der vereinigten Nuten 19, 20 in Drehrichtung des Nockenträgers 3, 4 bis zum Ende des Grundkreisabschnitts 18 konvergieren, so dass die Breite der vereinigten Nuten 18, 19 in Höhe der Einläufe 28 wieder der Breite von einer der getrennten Nuten 19 bzw. 20 entspricht. Von dort an verlaufen die vereinigten Nuten 19, 20 in Umfangsrichtung bis zum Auslauf 35 (Fig. 3 und 5), der in einem Winkelabstand von etwa 180 Grad hinter der Vereinigungsstelle 32 angeordnet und in Bezug zu den Einläufen 28 der beiden Nuten 19, 20 um etwa 90 Grad in Drehrichtung der Nockenwelle 2 versetzt ist.How best in Fig. 4 are shown, the two grooves 19, 20 in the cylindrical peripheral surface 26 of a rotation axis 25 of the camshaft 2 coaxial portion 27 of the cam carrier 3, 4 recessed at one of its front ends, wherein they are symmetrical to a radial center plane of the portion 27. Each of the two grooves 19, 20 has an inlet 28, from which the grooves 19, 20 are gradually deeper and at first extend to each other with the same groove width. The inlets 28 of the two grooves 19, 20 are respectively in the vicinity of the opposite ends of the section 27 and are each aligned at the same rotational angle to the axis of rotation 25, wherein their alignment coincides with the end of the base circle portion 18 of the cam or cam profile groups 5, 6 , From the inlet 28, the two grooves 19, 20 extend approximately at a circumferential angle of about 270 degrees apart, first extending circumferentially about a circumferential angle of about 180 degrees, while one of the cams 13, 14, 15 passes over the roller 7 the associated rocker arm 8 moves. While the base circle portion 18 of the cam or cam profile groups 5, 6 moves over the roller 7, the grooves 19, 20 then converge towards each other in the opposite sense of rotation, wherein the distance between their two central axes gradually decreases and arranged between the grooves 19, 20 partition 29 gradually becomes narrower until the mutually adjacent inner boundary walls 30, 31 of the grooves 19, 20 meet at the point 32 at which the grooves 19, 20 unite. Behind the junction 32, the center axis of the united grooves 19, 20 extends in the circumferential direction of the portion 27, while the opposite outer boundary walls 33, 34 of the unified grooves 19, 20 converge in the direction of rotation of the cam carrier 3, 4 to the end of the base circle portion 18, so that the width of the united grooves 18, 19 at the level of the inlets 28 again corresponds to the width of one of the separate grooves 19 and 20, respectively. From there, the united grooves 19, 20 extend in the circumferential direction to the outlet 35 (FIG. Fig. 3 and 5 ), which is arranged at an angular distance of about 180 degrees behind the junction 32 and offset with respect to the inlets 28 of the two grooves 19, 20 by about 90 degrees in the direction of rotation of the camshaft 2.

Wie am besten in Fig. 1 dargestellt, sind benachbarte Eingriffselemente 22, 23; 23, 24 in axialer Richtung der Nockenwelle 2 jeweils in einem dem Mittenabstand benachbarter Nocken 13, 14, 15 und/oder Nockenprofile entsprechenden Abstand angeordnet, der auch dem Mittenabstand zwischen dem Einlauf 28 von einer der beiden Nuten 19, 20 und deren gemeinsamem Auslauf 35 entspricht.How best in Fig. 1 shown, are adjacent engagement elements 22, 23; 23, 24 arranged in the axial direction of the camshaft 2 each in a center distance of adjacent cams 13, 14, 15 and / or cam profiles corresponding distance, which is also the center distance between the inlet 28 of one of the two grooves 19, 20 and the common outlet 35th equivalent.

Die Funktionsweise des Schneckentriebs ist wie folgt: Wenn der Nockenträger 3, 4 aus der in Fig. 5a dargestellten äußeren linken Verschiebestellung nach rechts in die mittlere Verschiebestellung bewegt werden soll, wird das Stellorgan 21 aktiviert, um das in Fig. 5a geschwärzt dargestellte mittlere Eingriffselement 23 auszufahren und es mit der linksgängigen Nut 20 in Eingriff zu bringen. Das Ausfahren des Eingriffselements 23 erfolgt, bevor sich der Einlauf 28 der Nut 20 in Drehrichtung der Nockenwelle 2 (Pfeil D in Fig. 5) vor dem Eingriffselement 23 vorbei bewegt, so dass dessen freies Ende am Einlauf 28 in die Nut 20 eintritt und sich während einer Drehung der Nockenwelle 2 von etwa 450 Grad durch die gesamte linksgängige Nut 20 hindurch bis zum gemeinsamen Auslauf 35 der beiden Nuten 19, 20 bewegt.The operation of the worm drive is as follows: When the cam carrier 3, 4 from the in Fig. 5a shown outer left shift position is to be moved to the right in the middle displacement position, the actuator 21 is activated to the in Fig. 5a blackened shown mean engagement element 23 extend and bring it with the left-handed groove 20 into engagement. The extension of the engagement member 23 takes place before the inlet 28 of the groove 20 in the direction of rotation of the camshaft 2 (arrow D in Fig. 5 ) moves in front of the engagement member 23 over, so that its free end at the inlet 28 enters the groove 20 and during rotation of the camshaft 2 of about 450 degrees through the entire left-handed groove 20 through to the common outlet 35 of the two grooves 19, 20 moves.

Wenn der Nockenträger 3, 4 in der mittleren Verschiebestellung bleiben soll, wird dann das mittlere Eingriffselement 23 eingezogen und kein weiteres Eingriffselement 22, 23, 24 mehr ausgefahren. Wenn hingegen der Nockenträger 3, 4 über die mittlere Verschiebestellung hinaus nach rechts in die in Fig. 5c dargestellte äußere rechte Verschiebestellung bewegt werden soll, wird das in Fig. 5b geschwärzt dargestellte rechte äußere Eingriffselement 24 ausgefahren und am Einlauf 28 mit der linksgängigen Nut 20 in Eingriff gebracht, durch die es sich anschließend bis zum gemeinsamen Auslauf 35 hindurchbewegt.If the cam carrier 3, 4 should remain in the middle displacement position, then the central engagement member 23 is retracted and no further engagement member 22, 23, 24 extended more. If, however, the cam carrier 3, 4 beyond the middle displacement position to the right in the in Fig. 5c shown outer right shift position to be moved, the in Fig. 5b blackened illustrated right outer engaging member 24 extended and placed at the inlet 28 with the left-hand groove 20 into engagement, through which it then moves through to the common outlet 35.

Wenn der Nockenträger 3, 4 aus der rechten äußeren Verschiebestellung zurück nach links in die in Fig. 5b dargestellte mittlere Verschiebestellung bewegt werden soll, wird in entsprechender Weise das in Fig. 5c geschwärzt dargestellte mittlere Eingriffselement 23 ausgefahren und am Einlauf 28 mit der rechtsgängigen Nut 19 in Eingriff gebracht, während das in Fig. 5b geschwärzt dargestellte linke äußere Eingriffselement 22 ausgefahren und mit der rechtsgängigen Nut 19 in Eingriff gebracht wird, um den Nockenträger 3, 4 aus der mittleren Verschiebestellung nach links in die in Fig. 5a dargestellte linke äußere Verschiebestellung zu bewegen.When the cam carrier 3, 4 from the right outer shift position back to the left in the in Fig. 5b shown middle displacement position to be moved, is in accordance with the in Fig. 5c blackened illustrated central engagement member 23 extended and brought in at the inlet 28 with the right-hand groove 19 into engagement, while the in Fig. 5b blackened illustrated left outer engaging member 22 is extended and brought into engagement with the right-hand groove 19 to the cam carrier 3, 4 from the middle shift position to the left in the in Fig. 5a to move shown left outer displacement position.

Um die Nockenträger 3, 4 in Bezug zur Drehachse der Nockenwelle 2 zu zentrieren bzw. während ihrer Verschiebung in Bezug zur Drehachse zentriert zu halten, sind die Nockenträger 3 und 4 jeweils zwischen zwei Ventilen in Gleitlagern 36 drehbar gelagert, welche zusammen mit den Nockenträgern 3, 4 axial verschiebbar sind.In order to center the cam carrier 3, 4 in relation to the axis of rotation of the camshaft 2 or to keep it centered during its displacement with respect to the axis of rotation, the cam carriers 3 and 4 are each rotatably mounted between two valves in plain bearings 36, which together with the cam carriers 3 , 4 are axially displaceable.

Die Ausbildung und die Funktionsweise der verschiebbaren Gleitlager 36 ist in einer mitanhängigen Patentanmeldung- des-Anmelders mit der internen Kennung P6517 und demselben Anmeldetag ausführlich beschrieben, auf deren Offenbarung hier verwiesen wird.The design and operation of the sliding sliding bearings 36 is described in detail in a co-pending patent application of the applicant having the internal identifier P6517 and the same filing date, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

Um den Nockenträger 3, 4 in der jeweiligen Verschiebestellung festzuhalten, sind die Gleitlager 36 in jeder Verschiebestellung mittels einer Arretiervorrichtung 37 axial arretierbar.In order to hold the cam carrier 3, 4 in the respective displacement position, the sliding bearing 36 in each displacement position by means of a locking device 37 are axially locked.

Die Ausbildung und die Funktionsweise der Arretiervorrichtung 37 ist in einer mitanhängigen Patentanmeldung des Anmelders mit der internen Kennung P6500 und demselben Anmeldetag ausführlich beschrieben, auf deren Offenbarung hier verwiesen wird.The construction and operation of the locking device 37 is described in detail in a co-pending patent application of the applicant with the internal identification P6500 and the same filing date, the disclosure of which is referred to here.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Ventiltriebvalve train
22
Nockenwellecamshaft
33
Nockenträgercam support
44
Nockenträgercam support
55
Nockengruppecam group
66
Nockengruppecam group
77
Rollerole
88th
RollenschlepphebelRoller cam
99
Ventiltellervalve disc
1010
Ventilgliedvalve member
1111
Ventilfedervalve spring
1212
VentilspielausgleichselementLash adjuster
1313
Nockencam
1414
Nockencam
1515
Nockencam
1616
Verzahnungengearing
1717
Schneckentriebworm drive
1818
GrundkreisabschnittBase circle portion
1919
rechtsgängige Nutright-hand groove
2020
tinksgängige Nuttinksgängige groove
2121
Stellorganactuator
2222
Eingriffselementengaging member
2323
Eingriffselementengaging member
2424
Eingriffselementengaging member
2525
Drehachseaxis of rotation
2626
Umfangsflächeperipheral surface
2727
Abschnitt NockenträgerSection cam carrier
2828
Einlauf NutenEnema grooves
2929
Trennwandpartition wall
3030
innere Begrenzungswandinner boundary wall
3131
innere Begrenzungswandinner boundary wall
3232
VereinigungUnion
3333
äußere Begrenzungswandouter boundary wall
3434
äußere Begrenzungswandouter boundary wall
3535
Auslaufoutlet
3636
Gleitlagerbearings
3737
Arretiervorrichtunglocking device

Claims (6)

  1. Valve timing mechanism (1) for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine having at least one camshaft (2) which is mounted rotatably in a housing of the internal combustion engine, at least one cam carrier (3, 4) which is guided axially displaceably and fixedly in terms of rotation on the camshaft (2), and devices (17, 21) for axially displacing the at least one cam carrier (3, 4) on the camshaft (2) in opposite directions, comprising a right-handed and a left-handed groove (19, 20) which are arranged directly next to one another in each cam carrier (3, 4) and merge into one another or join together, characterized in that the devices (17, 21) comprise at least two engagement elements (22, 23, 24) which can be brought into engagement with the grooves (19, 20) of each cam carrier (3, 4), the grooves (19, 20) having a common run-out (35), at which an engagement element (22, 23, 24) which is brought into engagement with the groove (19, 20) is disengaged out of the groove (19, 20) again.
  2. Valve timing mechanism according to Claim 1, characterized in that the right-handed groove (19) and the left-handed groove (20) join together in a V-shaped manner to form a groove with a centre axis which extends in the circumferential direction.
  3. Valve timing mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cam carrier (3, 4) comprises at least one cam group or cam profile group (5, 6) with three different cams (13, 14, 15) and/or cam profiles and can be displaced into three discrete displacement positions, the spacing of which corresponds to the centre spacing of the cams (13, 14, 15) and/or cam profiles, and in that the engagement elements (22, 23, 24) are arranged in the axial direction of the camshaft (2) at a spacing which corresponds to the centre spacing of the cams (13, 14, 15) and/or cam profiles.
  4. Valve timing mechanism according to Claim 3, characterized in that the centre spacing between runins (28) of the left-handed and right-handed groove (19, 20) and a run-out of the joined grooves (19, 20) corresponds to the centre spacing of the cams (13, 14, 15) and/or cam profiles.
  5. Valve timing mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to displace the cam carrier (3, 4) out of an outer displacement position into the central displacement position, the central engagement element (23) can be brought into engagement with the front groove (19 or 20) in the displacement direction, and in that, in order to displace the cam carrier (3, 4) out of the central displacement position into one of the two outer displacement directions, the front engagement element (22 or 24) in the displacement direction can be brought into engagement with the front groove (19 or 20) in the displacement direction.
  6. Valve timing mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the right-handed and the left-handed grooves (19, 20) are formed on the cam carrier (3, 4), and in that the engagement elements (22, 23, 24) are brought into engagement with one of the grooves (19, 20) by at least one actuating element (21) which is mounted in a stationary manner in the housing of the internal combustion engine.
EP08716104A 2007-03-02 2008-02-28 Valve drive for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, comprising a movable cam support and a twin worm gear Active EP2132418B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007010149A DE102007010149A1 (en) 2007-03-02 2007-03-02 Automotive piston engine gas valve timer has right- and left-handed grooves are located immediately alongside and translating into each other
PCT/EP2008/001576 WO2008107111A1 (en) 2007-03-02 2008-02-28 Valve drive for gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, comprising a movable cam support and a twin worm gear

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2132418A1 EP2132418A1 (en) 2009-12-16
EP2132418B1 true EP2132418B1 (en) 2011-07-20

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US (1) US8365692B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2132418B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5404427B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101605967B (en)
AT (1) ATE517234T1 (en)
DE (1) DE102007010149A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008107111A1 (en)

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WO2008107111A1 (en) 2008-09-12
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CN101605967A (en) 2009-12-16
JP2010520395A (en) 2010-06-10
CN101605967B (en) 2012-07-04
EP2132418A1 (en) 2009-12-16
JP5404427B2 (en) 2014-01-29
US8365692B2 (en) 2013-02-05
US20100269769A1 (en) 2010-10-28

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