EP2118246A2 - Lubrifiants pour moteurs - Google Patents

Lubrifiants pour moteurs

Info

Publication number
EP2118246A2
EP2118246A2 EP08709482A EP08709482A EP2118246A2 EP 2118246 A2 EP2118246 A2 EP 2118246A2 EP 08709482 A EP08709482 A EP 08709482A EP 08709482 A EP08709482 A EP 08709482A EP 2118246 A2 EP2118246 A2 EP 2118246A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diester
engine lubricant
engine
lubricant according
poly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08709482A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2118246B1 (fr
Inventor
Stephen Boyde
Steven James Randles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Croda International PLC
Original Assignee
Croda International PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Croda International PLC filed Critical Croda International PLC
Publication of EP2118246A2 publication Critical patent/EP2118246A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2118246B1 publication Critical patent/EP2118246B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/36—Esters of polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/02—Specified values of viscosity or viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/2815—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/2825—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
    • C10M2209/1095—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/069—Linear chain compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/071—Branched chain compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/74—Noack Volatility
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to engine lubricants, particularly to engine lubricants as used in four-stroke engines, and more especially to engine lubricants having an SAE class rating of less than SAE 5W; and to the use of such lubricants in four-stroke engines.
  • engine lubricants are required that contribute to increased engine efficiency, ie greater mpg or kpl and lowered engine emissions, and decreased frequency between lubricant changes, ie less oil usage.
  • these requirements are difficult to meet, especially when using petroleum- based oils, eg mineral oils, as lubricants, as they impose conflicting requirements on the viscosity and volatility properties exhibited by such oils.
  • engine oils are required to allow easy cold engine starting at low ambient temperatures whilst ensuring good lubrication at high operating temperatures. This may be achieved by blending lubricant stocks of different viscosities.
  • poly- ⁇ -olefins oligomers and polymers
  • esters including monoesters, diesters, polyol esters and complex esters, with or without appropriate additives such as viscosity index improvers.
  • DE OL 2133042 discloses an engine lubricant of viscosity class 10W-20 to 5W-20 which consists of a mineral oil raffinate having a viscosity index of between 80 and 105 and a kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C of between 7.5cSt and 12cSt, an oil-soluble synthetic lubricating oil, such as a diester, having a kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C of between 3cSt and 5cSt and a Noack evaporation loss of between 3 and 10% and additives.
  • a mineral oil raffinate having a viscosity index of between 80 and 105 and a kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C of between 7.5cSt and 12cSt
  • an oil-soluble synthetic lubricating oil such as a diester
  • a specific example of a 10W engine oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 7sSt and a viscosity index of 116 and has a 5% additive packages is derived from 75% mineral oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C of 9cST, a viscosity index of 102 and a Noack evaporation loss of 6% and 25% di-n-decanol trimethyl adipate.
  • EP-A-0089709 discloses organic carbonic acid diesters derived from alcohols as components in engine lubricants.
  • EP-B-0792334 discloses an engine lubricant having at least one ester derived from a saturated branched chain aliphatic monohydric alcohol having at least 8 carbon atoms and a saturated branched chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having at least 10 carbon atoms.
  • JP 1993331483A discloses an engine oil in which reduced amounts of viscosity index improvers are required.
  • the engine oil has 10% to 30% of a diester or polyol ester, 60% to 89% of an ⁇ -olefin oligomer, 1 % to 20% of an ethylene ⁇ -olefin oligomer and 0.5% to 3% zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate as an anti-wear agent.
  • the oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C of 4cSt or greater.
  • a specific example incorporates di- isodecyl adipate which has a kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C of 3.62cSt.
  • US-A-4155861 discloses lubricating oils based on mixed esters consisting of a monomeric diester of a dicarboxylic acid and a complex ester derived from a dicarboxylic acid (preferably branched) and hexanediol or trimethyl hexanediol.
  • the monomeric diester is n-octyl, n-decyl trimethyl adipate.
  • the addition of the complex ester at levels of 1% to 10% to the n-octyl, n-decyl trimethyl adipate is said to result in engine oils in the SAE classes 5W/20, 5W/30 or 10W/40.
  • US-B2-6303548 discloses an SAE OW-40 lubricant composition consisting of 5% to 80% of a mineral oil base stock, 5% to 90% of a poly- ⁇ -olefin which has a kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C in the range 3.5cSt to 4.5cSt and 1% to 30% of an ester derived from monocarboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids with monohydroxyl alcohols and polyols together with a viscosity improver comprising a mixture of 3% to 7% of a polymethacrylate and 4% to 9% olefin copolymer or hydrogenated diene copolymer.
  • a specific example uses di-/sooctyl adipate.
  • Some disadvantages of such lubricants include the inherent limitation imposed by the viscosity indices of the base oils (which impacts film thickness); and the inability to reduce viscosity without increasing volatility (ie increasing the Noack evaporation loss of the lubricant). Additionally, very low viscosity esters can also have high polarity which can lead to seal compatibility issues and potential wear issues due to competition with antiwear agents such as ZDDP when the esters are used at high dose rates, eg >15 wt%. For example, di-/sooctyl adipate has an NPI of 41.
  • low viscosity lubricants which have been optimised to give low volatilities, can also suffer from either low viscosity indices ( ⁇ 125), poor low temperature flow properties or shorter drain intervals resulting from poor oxidative stability (from the use of components in which gem dimethyl branching is present).
  • an engine lubricant comprises at least 15 wt% of at least one diester and not more than 20 wt% of additives, wherein said at least one diester, or mixture of said diesters if more than one is present, has a kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C of not more than 3.3, a viscosity index of at least 130, a pour point of not more than -30 0 C and a Noack evaporation loss of not more than 15 wt%.
  • wt% indicates the percentage by weight of the component referred to as a percentage of the total weight of the engine lubricant.
  • wt% indicates the percentage by weight of the total weight of the component.
  • said engine lubricant comprises up to 90 wt% of said at least one diester.
  • said engine oil consists essentially of said at least one diester and said additives.
  • said engine lubricant comprises at least 20 wt%, more preferably at least 25 wt% of said at least one diester.
  • Said engine lubricant may comprise up to 75 wt%, more preferably up to 50 wt% and, more especially up to 40 wt% of said at least one diester.
  • said engine lubricant comprises about 30 wt% of said at least one diester.
  • the balance of said engine lubricant comprises lubricant components selected from API Groups III, IV and V lubricants and gas-to-liquid lubricants (GTL) and mixtures thereof.
  • suitable Group III lubricants include mineral oils.
  • suitable Group IV lubricants included poly- ⁇ -olefins derived from C 8 to C 12 ⁇ -olefins and having kinematic viscosities in the range 3.6 cSt to 8 cSt at 100 0 C.
  • Group V lubricants include alkyl naphthalenes, alkyl benzenes and esters, for example esters derived from monohydric alcohols and/or polyols and monocarboxylic acids or polycarboxylic acids.
  • alkyl naphthalenes include SynessticTM 5 and SynessticTM 12 alkyl naphthalenes available from Mobil.
  • esters are Priolube 1976TM a monoester and Priolube 3970TM a TMP /7C 8 ZnC 10 polyol ester.
  • GTL base stocks are made by conversion of natural gas (ie, methane and higher alkanes) to synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and then via oligomerisation (eg the Fischer-Tropsch process) to higher molecular weight molecules that are hydrocracked to produce /so-paraffins in the required lubricant boiling/viscosity range.
  • natural gas ie, methane and higher alkanes
  • synthesis gas carbon monoxide and hydrogen
  • oligomerisation eg the Fischer-Tropsch process
  • said engine lubricant consists essentially of said at least one diester, at least one Group V lubricant, especially an alkyl naphthalene or an ester other than said at least one diester such as a polyol ester or complex ester, and said additives.
  • said at least one diester has a kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C of not more than 3.OcSt.
  • said at least one diester has a viscosity index of at least 140.
  • said at least one diester has a pour point of not more than about - 30°C, more particularly of not more than -35 0 C and especially not more than -40 0 C.
  • said at least one diester has a Noack evaporation loss of not more than 14.5 wt%, more preferably of not more than 14.0 wt%.
  • said at least one diester has a flash point of at least 200 0 C, more preferably at least 210°C, more particularly at least 220°C and especially of about 23O 0 C.
  • said at least one diester has a non-polarity index (NPI), as described in EP-B-0792334, of more than 30 but less than 100, more preferably less than 80.
  • NPI non-polarity index
  • said at least one diester is stable when held at -20 0 C for one week.
  • This low temperature stability may be tested by storing approximately 30ml of diester in a glass vial and placing the vial in a freezer unit at -20°C for one week, checking the sample at regular intervals and noting any signs of crystal formation or gelling.
  • said at least one diester has a cold crank simulation (CCS) dynamic viscosity at -35°C of not more than 6200 cPs.
  • CCS cold crank simulation
  • said engine lubricant comprises only one of said at least one diester.
  • each diester may be selected with different properties.
  • the properties of each diester are within the values of such properties as described above; alternatively, one or more of the properties of at least one diester may be outside the values of such properties as described above provided that the properties of the mixture of diesters are within the values of such properties as described above.
  • said at least one diester is selected from the group consisting of: a) reaction products of at least one C 5 to C 12 , preferably C 6 to C 10 , aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof with at least one primary or secondary, preferably primary, C 7 to C 12 , preferably C 8 to Ci 0 , aliphatic monohydric alcohol, wherein, if said at least one acid is branched, then at least one of said at least one alcohol is linear and, if said at least one acid is linear, then at least one of said at least one alcohol is branched; and b) reaction products of at least one C 5 to Ci 2 , preferably Ce to C 10 , aliphatic monocarboxylic acid with at least one polyalkylene glycol wherein the alkyl group is selected from C 2 to C 4 alkyl groups and mixtures thereof, and wherein, if said at least one poly(alkylene glycol) contains at least one repeat unit that is branched methyl group, then
  • the diester when derived from diacids or anhydrides thereof and monohydric alcohols, contains 17 to 36, more particularly 20 to 30 and especially 23 to 26 carbon atoms.
  • the diester when derived from monoacids and poly(alkylene glycols), contains 17 to 40, more particularly 20 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • reaction products of dicarboxylic acids and alcohols are reaction products of either branched acids with linear alcohols or linear acids with branched alcohols.
  • the reaction products of monocarboxylic acids with poly(alkylene glycols) are reaction products of either branched acids with poly(ethylene glycol) or linear acids with polypropylene glycol) or poly(butylene glycol), preferably poly(propylene glycol), or copolymers thereof containing at least one ethylene glycol repeat unit.
  • the poly(alkylene glycol) has an average relative molecular mass (avRMM) about in the range 150 to 300, more particularly about in the range 180 to 250.
  • Preferred poly(alkylene glycols) are poly(propylene glycols).
  • the branched chains of the branched acids and/or branched alcohols may be C 1 to C 4 alkyl, more preferably C 1 or C 2 alkyl and especially methyl.
  • the branched acids are preferably not branched in the ⁇ -position but are preferably branched in the ⁇ - position.
  • the acids do not contain any gem branched groups, eg gem dimethyl or gem diethyl, and preferably contain only one or two branches, especially a single branch in the ⁇ -position.
  • Preferred dicarboxylic acids include adipic acid, 3-methyl adipic acid and sebacic acid.
  • Preferred primary alcohols include 1-octanol, 1-decanol and mixtures thereof, 2-ethylhexanol and isononyl alcohol.
  • Preferred monocarboxylic acids include caprylic and capric acids.
  • Preferred poly(alkylene glycols) consist of poly(propylene glycols), preferably having an avRMM between 180 and 250.
  • Preferred diesters are selected from the group consisting of di-isononyl adipate, di-n- octyl 3-methyl-adipate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate and PPG 225 n-octyl, n-decyl diester and mixtures thereof. More particularly, the diesters are selected from the group consisting of di-isononyl adipate, di-n-octyl 3-methyl-adipate and di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate and mixtures thereof.
  • the acids and alcohols used to make said diesters will be from commercial sources and may not necessarily comprise 100 wt% of the acid or alcohol.
  • Such commercial products usually comprise a major proportion of the primary product together with other isomers and/or additional products of shorter or longer chain length. This may lead to variations in properties of the diesters which are reaction products. Such variations in properties are exemplified below in the Examples.
  • said engine lubricant optionally may comprise esters selected from simple esters, diesters, not being diesters as hereinbefore described, and complex esters or mixtures thereof.
  • the weight ratio of said diesters to said optional esters will be between 100:0 to 60:40, more preferably between 100:0 to 75:25, more particularly between 99:1 and 80:20 and, especially between 95:5 to 85:15.
  • said engine lubricant of the present invention comprises not more than 20 wt% of additives.
  • said engine lubricant comprises not more than 15 wt% of additives, more especially not more than 10 wt% of additives.
  • said additives are: a) viscosity index improvers, for example alkyl methacrylate copolymers, olefin copolymers (OCP) and mixtures thereof, which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 0.1 wt% to 6 wt%; b) antioxidants, for example phenolic antioxidants, such as hindered phenols, and alkylated diphenyl amines and mixtures thereof, which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 0.5 wt% to 1 wt%; c) metal deactivators, for example metal dialkyldithiophosphates, thiadiazoles and triazoles (which may also function as corrosion inhibitors and extreme pressure additives), which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 0.01 wt% to 0.5 wt%; d) pour point depressants which are added in effective amounts, typically in the range 0.1 wt% to 1.0 wt%; e) extreme pressure additives, for example
  • engine lubricants according to the invention in which said diesters and, optionally, other esters are present in significant quantities, preferably as a major component of the engine lubricants, such engine lubricants may be free of some additives such as viscosity index improvers.
  • the combinations of additives used in engine lubricants and the amounts thereof may vary significantly; however, the total amount of all additives included in said engine lubricant according to the invention is subject to the upper limits of 20 wt%, more preferably 15 wt% and more especiallylO wt%, as previously described.
  • the present invention includes the use of said engine lubricant as herein described in lubricating four-stroke engines and a method of lubricating a four-stroke engine comprising lubricating said engine with said engine lubricant as herein described.
  • the present invention further includes an SAE OW engine lubricant, said engine lubricant comprising at least one diester as herein described.
  • SAE OW engine lubricant comprising at least one diester as herein described.
  • Samples 1 to 5 as identified in Table 1 below are diesters suitable for use in said engine lubricants according to the invention. Comparative samples 6 to 11 are also identified in Table 1. The properties of the samples are given in Table 2.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un lubrifiant pour moteur, en particulier un lubrifiant pour moteur SAE OW. Ce lubrifiant pour moteur comprend au moins 15 % en poids d'au moins un diester et pas plus de 15 % en poids d'additifs; le ou les diesters, ou le mélange desdits diesters présentant une viscosité cinématique à 100 °C ne dépassant pas 3,3; un indice de viscosité d'au moins 130; un point d'écoulement ne dépassant pas -30 °C et une perte par évaporation Noack ne dépassant pas 15 % en poids. Le diester est de préférence sélectionné dans le groupe comprenant : a) des produits de réaction d'au moins un acide dicarboxylique aliphatique C5-C12, de préférence C6-C10 ou un anhydride de ceux-ci avec au moins un alcool aliphatique primaire ou secondaire C7-C12, de préférence C8-C10, dans lesquels, si le ou les acides sont ramifiés, alors au moins un desdits alcools est linéaire et, si le ou les acides sont linéaires, alors au moins un desdits alcools est ramifié; et b) des produits de réaction d'au moins un acide monocarboxylique aliphatique C5-C12, de préférence C6-C10 avec au moins un polyalkylèneglycol dans lequel le groupe alkyle est sélectionné parmi un groupe alkyle C2-C4 et des mélanges de ceux-ci, et dans lesquels, si le ou les poly(alkylèneglycols) contiennent au moins une unité de répétition qui est un groupe méthyle ramifié, alors au moins un desdits acides est linéaire et, si le ou les poly(alkylèneglycols) contiennent uniquement des unités de répétition linéaires, alors au moins un desdits acides est ramifié.
EP08709482.7A 2007-02-28 2008-02-21 Méthode et usage d'un LUBRIFIANT POUR MOTEURS à quatre temps Active EP2118246B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US90384407P 2007-02-28 2007-02-28
GBGB0703831.8A GB0703831D0 (en) 2007-02-28 2007-02-28 Engine lubricants
PCT/GB2008/000599 WO2008104745A2 (fr) 2007-02-28 2008-02-21 Lubrifiants pour moteurs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2118246A2 true EP2118246A2 (fr) 2009-11-18
EP2118246B1 EP2118246B1 (fr) 2018-10-24

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US (1) US20100093579A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2118246B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2010520319A (fr)
ES (1) ES2705593T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB0703831D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008104745A2 (fr)

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JP5106695B1 (ja) 2012-04-02 2012-12-26 修 小川 ディーゼルエンジン用内部洗浄剤及びこれを用いた洗浄システム
AU2013204283A1 (en) 2012-07-20 2014-02-06 Phillip Farquharson Jack and support device
ES2722401T3 (es) 2013-05-14 2019-08-09 Basf Se Uso de un éster
WO2015078968A1 (fr) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 Basf Se Composition pour basse température
US10208269B2 (en) * 2013-12-23 2019-02-19 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Low viscosity ester lubricant and method for using
KR20160128405A (ko) * 2014-03-03 2016-11-07 엘레반스 리뉴어블 사이언시즈, 인코포레이티드 베이스 스톡으로서 및 윤활제 적용에서의 용도를 위한 분지형 디에스테르
EP3320060A1 (fr) 2015-07-07 2018-05-16 ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company Composition et procédé permettant de prévenir ou de réduire le cognement de moteur et le préallumage dans des moteurs à allumage par étincelle surcomprimés
US20170009179A1 (en) * 2015-07-07 2017-01-12 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Composition and method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in high compression spark ignition engines
EP3178908A1 (fr) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-14 Basf Se Utilisation d'esters d'acide 2,5-furanedicarboxylique comme lubrifiants
FR3069864B1 (fr) * 2017-08-03 2019-08-16 Total Marketing Services Composition lubrifiante comprenant un diester
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ES2705593T3 (es) 2019-03-26
US20100093579A1 (en) 2010-04-15
WO2008104745A2 (fr) 2008-09-04
WO2008104745A3 (fr) 2009-02-26
GB0703831D0 (en) 2007-04-11
EP2118246B1 (fr) 2018-10-24
JP2010520319A (ja) 2010-06-10

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