EP2112632A1 - Procédé d'enregistrement de trajets d'un voyageur dans des moyens de transport au moyen d'un support de tickets électroniques - Google Patents

Procédé d'enregistrement de trajets d'un voyageur dans des moyens de transport au moyen d'un support de tickets électroniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2112632A1
EP2112632A1 EP09002780A EP09002780A EP2112632A1 EP 2112632 A1 EP2112632 A1 EP 2112632A1 EP 09002780 A EP09002780 A EP 09002780A EP 09002780 A EP09002780 A EP 09002780A EP 2112632 A1 EP2112632 A1 EP 2112632A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transport
ticket
passenger
carrier medium
data
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
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EP09002780A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dr. Siegfried Holz
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DB Systel GmbH
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DB Systel GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2112632A1 publication Critical patent/EP2112632A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for registering passenger travel in means of transport between a start and a destination by means of a carrier medium for electronic tickets, which has a memory, a processor and an antenna for data exchange with a transceiver installed in each means of transport ,
  • the DE 10 2004 063 600 A1 in that a smart card reader for conventional contactless chip cards is installed in the means of transport.
  • the ticket carrier medium may also consist of a mobile phone which can communicate with the smart card reader by means of an additional function as a contactless chip card according to RFID technology.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a method for registering passenger travel in means of transport by means of a carrier medium for electronic tickets, which makes it possible to buy today's common single tickets, which are purchased shortly before the start of the journey at a vending machine and immediately are to be connected to the known from the prior art method for registration of passenger travel.
  • an electronic single ticket that can be used within the framework of the method known from the prior art for registration. This is ideally done on the basis of a ticket carrier medium, which is equipped with a per se known RFID label and a printed battery for powering the RFID label.
  • This RFID single ticket generates at a first in the course of a passenger journey into a means of transport a start-record for registration of this passenger journey and in the subsequent arbitrary number of conversion processes each have a corresponding number of transfer registrations.
  • RFID single ticket a user guide, which is very similar to the current use of conventional paper single tickets.
  • the passenger triggers a single ticket (eg at a stationary vending machine or at a bus driver) before departure for immediate departure.
  • the RFID ticket is no longer held by the passenger to a smart card reader, but registered by the inventive method without the involvement of the passenger. This gain in convenience increases the attractiveness of public transport for rare and low users.
  • the method according to the invention achieves a significant improvement of the database for so-called revenue-sharing programs in the context of network traffic.
  • the WO 2006/003648 A2 describes a suitable for such a above-mentioned single ticket RFID tag with a semi-passive transponder, the "backscatter" method works for passive RFID transponder.
  • the electromagnetic waves radiated by the smartcard reader are reflected back by the antenna of the RFID transponder and are picked up again by the antenna of the smartcard reader. Simultaneously with the reflection of the electromagnetic waves, these waves are subjected to an amplitude modulation by the antenna of the RFID transponder.
  • this method it is possible to transfer data from the smart card reader to the RFID transponder as well as in the opposite direction from the RFID transponder to the smart card reader.
  • the passenger thus acquires an electronic single-seat authorization - hereinafter referred to as "ticket" - prior to the first journey start, which has a spatial and temporal validity for the journey he is aiming from a start to a destination.
  • ticket an electronic single-seat authorization - hereinafter referred to as "ticket" - prior to the first journey start, which has a spatial and temporal validity for the journey he is aiming from a start to a destination.
  • ticket electronic single-seat authorization
  • a chain of entry procedures is registered for each individual journey that guides a traveler from the starting point, with the possible interposition of transfers to the destination.
  • “journey” is understood to mean the passage of a route from a first start stop to a last destination stop, which may include several transfer operations and thus several "journey sections”.
  • the location and / or time information of the exit can be reconstructed from the knowledge of the location and time registration data of each individual journey section for the immediately preceding in the course of the same travel operation section.
  • the location and time information of the exit for the last and concluding in the course of a journey section are reconstructed using stochastic methods known per se from the total amount of recorded registration records.
  • the invention further provides that the start signal is transmitted in a cyclical manner by the means associated with the transport transceiver after each stop of the means of transport with passenger change. This is particularly useful on routes with larger stops distances, since the transport associated with the transmitting / receiving device after querying and creating all log-on records for energy-saving can be switched off again.
  • the detection of a connected with passenger change stop of the transport can be done for example by reading and evaluating the door closing command from the doors control of the transport.
  • the request for generating a registration record from the ticket carrier medium is transmitted to the transceiver device of the means of transport.
  • a useful addition to the invention provides that the data elements for designating the ticket type as well as the time and place of the ticket purchase during the initialization of the ticket carrier medium are printed by a printer on the ticket carrier medium.
  • the tariff-relevant information can also be displayed in clear text on the ticket carrier medium, so that such electronic single tickets are accessible to manual checking (for example by control personnel).
  • the data elements for designating the ticket type as well as the time and place of the ticket purchase are integrated in the request transmitted by each ticket carrier medium to the transceiver to generate a logon record and in the transceiver checked for acceptability against conditions stored in the memory of the transceiver. This is always useful if the tariff provisions of the purchased single ticket provide for travel within a defined time and / or local frame or a maximum validity period of the single ticket.
  • the invention further provides that the registration data records generated and temporarily stored in the vehicle on-board computer are transmitted there to a central entity for evaluation of the paths traveled in the various modes of transport using the ticket carrier medium to determine the various modes using the ticket carrier medium
  • Means traveled means of transport in a first sub-step after the serial number of the ticket carrier medium and in a second sub-step all of a same serial number assignable records are sorted according to time stamps.
  • the data collected and processed in accordance with the invention can also be subjected to statistical analyzes. It succeeds for each in the database of Ausenseinstanz in appearance occurred passenger trip (1), which is composed for example of a chain of travel sections (1A), (1B), (1C), and at least one analog passenger trip (2) to extract from the database, in each of which the opposite directions of the said travel sections in the sequence (2C), (2B), (2A) are represented.
  • passenger trip (1) which is composed for example of a chain of travel sections (1A), (1B), (1C), and at least one analog passenger trip (2) to extract from the database, in each of which the opposite directions of the said travel sections in the sequence (2C), (2B), (2A) are represented.
  • the exactly ascertained frequency distribution of the start journeys (1A) of a passenger journey (1) in relation to all stops at which such type (1A) journeys can be started are used as an estimation distribution in order to avoid the exit stops of the travel sections (2A) not covered according to the invention. to determine the typical passenger journey (2) with good accuracy.
  • the overall system according to the invention consists - as in FIG. 1 shown - from a vending machine (1) in which the RFID individual tickets (2) according to the invention are sold.
  • This vending machine is structured in the same way as the vending machines for paper single tickets currently in use in German transport associations (eg RMV, Frankfurt or HW, Hamburg).
  • the passenger selects via an input field the distance level or price level, which he needs for his planned public transport journey, he pays the corresponding price and then gets his RFID single ticket.
  • the inventive RFID single ticket (2) is a ticket that is similar to today's plastic cards with magnetic stripe, as they are widely used today as a parking card in parking garages.
  • the outer dimensions correspond to the standard dimensions of ISO smart cards in their length and width.
  • the thickness of the single ticket (2) depends on the thickness of ordinary parking cards. It depends on the height dimensions of the RFID chip and on the height dimension of the printed battery.
  • the RFID one-way ticket should be so thin that it can be inserted just as today's public transport single tickets in every ordinary purse of a passenger.
  • FIG. 1 an example of a means of transport (10) is shown, as it is usually used in a public transport network. It can be a bus, a tram, a subway, a suburban train or a conventional railway car, which is moved by a locomotive.
  • antennas 33, 34
  • the RFID reader (3) is in turn connected to a vehicle on-board computer (4).
  • an on-board computer (4) may be connected to a plurality of RFID readers (3). In the on-board computer (4), all log-on data sets of the various connected RFID readers are collected and, if necessary, forwarded to the IT center (5) of the transport network, where they are processed and evaluated.
  • FIG. 2 In the middle of the picture a vending machine (1) is shown.
  • the designated surrounding circle (801) are two stops (802) belonging to the lines A and B.
  • Single RFID tickets purchased at the vending machine must be used by such stops for their departing voyages located at that assigned stop district (801). This corresponds to today's tariff regulations in traffic associations.
  • the arrow (804) indicates a footpath that a passenger travels to get from the vending machine to the stop (802) of the line B.
  • His ticket is registered with the first part journey (805) in this means of transport. He drives to the transfer stop (803) and changes there to a mode of transport of the line C. With his RFID one-way ticket, a transfer procedure for the partial trip (806) is registered there.
  • the FIG. 3 shows a schematic of the vending machine (1).
  • This has a CPU (11), a data memory (12), an antenna (13) and a conventional printer (14).
  • the CPU (11) is a program (111) housed, which is used to transfer the data used in the sales process for ticket sales, both as an electronic ticket to the RFID single ticket, as well as by conventional printing in a field (25) of the RFID single ticket (2).
  • the printed data can be identical to data printed today on individual paper tickets (eg selected ticket, timestamp, stop, price).
  • the arrow (15) should clarify the printing process.
  • the arrow representation (6) is intended to represent the transmission of the data record (6) from the antenna (13) of the vending machine (1) to the antenna (23) of the RFID single ticket (2).
  • the individual data elements of the data record (6) are stored in FIG. 8 shown. These are the e-ticket type (61), the time stamp of the sales transaction (62) and the stop number of the vending machine (63).
  • the FIG. 4 shows a schematic of the RFID single ticket (2) according to the invention.
  • the RFID single ticket is a CPU (21), a data memory (22) and an antenna (23), all of which are built according to the conventional technology of RFID transponders in the single ticket.
  • the field (25) is deliberately kept free on the RFID single ticket, so that there can be the printing of the sales data.
  • the particular of the RFID single ticket according to the invention is that it contains a printed battery (24). This battery is - as known from the prior art - printed in an inner layer of the various layers that make up the RFID single ticket. Only by using this battery, it is possible to establish the communication link (7) between the RFID single ticket (2) and the RFID reader (3). Through the installation of several antennas in the walls of the means of transport, the connection is additionally supported.
  • the CPU (21) In the CPU (21) are the three programs (211), (212) and (213).
  • the program (211) is followed by program (212). These two programs are run only once.
  • program (213) which is called as many times as interchanges are made during a passenger journey.
  • the memory (22) fills in the course of card use in different ways. This will be described below.
  • the FIG. 5 shows the scheme of the RFID reader (3), which is installed in each means of transport.
  • This has a CPU (31) containing a program (311). He also has a data memory (32) containing the three subordinate data stores (321), (322) and (323).
  • the data memory (321) are current data for the journey of the means of transport, such as the current line number with direction indication, the current validity identifier of this ride the means of transport and the current stop number at which the means of transport just stops.
  • These data are in each case forwarded by the on-board computer to all connected RFID readers (3) and stored there temporarily in this data memory (321).
  • the RFID reader needs this up-to-date data to check the validity of an e-ticket.
  • the data store (322) contains the e-ticket types that can be used on this line in this direction, as well as data on all stop areas (801) of that line.
  • the data store (323) contains ranges of values for checking the validity of transfers that are identical to those that occur in the DE 10 2004 063 600 A1 be described in detail.
  • the antennas (33) and (34) show by way of example that a larger number of antennas can be connected to an RFID reader. This can increase the security with which the communication connection (7) can be established by the RFID reader to all single RFID tickets (2) located in the means of transport (10).
  • the RFID radio waves emitted by these antennas work with the so-called backscatter method. This means that the transmitted radio wave at the antenna (23) of (2) is reflected and sent back. In this reflection, the amplitude of the reflected wave is modulated in such a way that data can also be sent back.
  • the power supplied by the battery (24) allows operation of the CPU (21).
  • the incoming electromagnetic wave triggers a switch in the CPU (21), which opens the power supply of the battery and then builds up the Karlunikationsaustauch (7).
  • the communication sequence (A) is already started when the RFID single ticket is purchased at the vending machine.
  • the communication procedure (B) is then carried out at the start of the passenger journey. He plays in the means of transport, which the passenger climbs first to begin his journey to the destination. These first two communication processes are only run once each. This is followed by the communication sequence (C) as the last element of the procedure (99). This can be repeated several times.
  • It deals with the registration procedures of transfer procedures during a passenger journey through the public transport network. Passengers can change trains as often as they like as long as they comply with the fare rules. All these transfers can be handled with the RFID single ticket (2) in all means of transport, which the passenger climbs after transfer operations.
  • the FIG. 7 shows the communication process (A), which takes place during each sales process.
  • the program (111) (see also FIG. 9 ) located in the CPU (11) of (1) sends the record (6) (see FIG. 8 ) to the program (211) located in the CPU (21) of (2) (see FIG. 10 ) is located.
  • the program (111) at the printer (14) triggers the printing process (15).
  • the field (25) of (2) is printed thereby.
  • the program (111) has fulfilled its task.
  • the record (6) consists of the data elements e-ticket type (61), time stamp of the sales process (62) and stop number of the vending machine (63).
  • the program (211) receives the record (6) and stores this data in the data memory (22) of (2). Thereafter, the program (211) starts its successor program (212) and has thus fulfilled its task.
  • the data memory (22) after completion of this communication sequence (A) has the appearance according to FIG. 11 ,
  • the serial number of each individual RFID single ticket is uniquely identifying and is stored in the data element (221) of (22). This is followed by the just re-read e-ticket (61). This is followed by the timestamp of the sale process (62) and the stop number of the vending machine (63). All other data elements of (22) are still at their default values at the time of manufacture.
  • the communication procedure (B) starts according to the FIG. 12 .
  • the program (311) in the RFID reader always sends out the data record (71) in order to request that all RFID individual cards that have newly arrived in the means of transport be registered.
  • the record (71) (see FIG. 16 ) consists of the two data elements: request signal for the login (711) and the uniquely identifying number of the on-board computer (712).
  • the data record is obtained from the program (212) (see FIG. 2) for a passenger who starts a new passenger journey when boarding the means of transport FIG. 15 ).
  • the program (212) sends the record (72) in response to the receipt of record (71) (see FIG.
  • the data record (72) consists of the data elements: serial number (221) of the RFID single ticket, e-ticket type (61), default value of the validity identifier (725), time stamp sales process (62) and stop number of the vending machine (63).
  • the program (311) in the RFID reader (3) sends out the general request data record (71), which applies to all newly arrived in the transport RFID single tickets and asks them to log on, regardless of whether this is a startup application or want to make a transfer. This procedure corresponds to the standard procedure for Ufran RFID communication according to the Mifare method and the ISO standard.
  • the program (212) returns the record (72) to (3).
  • the program (311) recognizes that this RFID single ticket wants to make a start logon.
  • the program (311) therefore passes to the program part A from (311) (see FIG. 13 ).
  • the time condition means that the passenger must have completed his passenger journey within the network of the public transport network within 2 or 3 hours (depending on tariff regulations) after purchasing the RFID ticket. Based on the time stamp (62), which was transmitted with the record (72), this condition can be checked.
  • the passenger must also use the RFID single ticket purchased at the vending machine to board a stop in a means of transport belonging to the location of the stop number of the sales transaction. It is not allowed according to the tariff regulations with this RFID single ticket at another stop to get a means of transport.
  • the data memory (322) of (32) is therefore deposited, which stop numbers (63) of the vending machines can be used by which stops of public transport lines (3211). If both conditions are met, the next condition is passed. The submitted e-ticket (62) must be suitable for this line. The data memory (322) of (32) contains all e-tickets permitted on this line. If this condition is also satisfied, the registration data record (81) is created and sent to the on-board computer (4). As confirmation for the positive start log-on, record (73) is sent to the program (212). The program (311 part A) ends when all single RFID tickets (2) that had requested a start registration at (3) were called up and processed there. Only when arriving at the next stop, the program (311) starts again with a transmission of the record (71).
  • the in FIG. 17 Structurally represented data record (73) contains the data elements serial number RFID single ticket (221), stop number (currently according to line) (3211), line number with direction (3212) and validity identifier (3213) of the current ride of the means of transport of this line.
  • the data memory (22) After storing the data elements of the data set (73) according to (22), the data memory (22) has the in FIG. 18 illustrated structure. The two data groups (223) and (224) have been filled with the current values.
  • program (212) starts the program (213) and then ends its task.
  • Fig. 19 shows the communication sequence (C) for a transfer registration. This can be run as many times as the passenger needs allowed transfer procedures to reach his destination stop.
  • the data set (71) transmitted by the program (311) is picked up by the program (213).
  • program 213 see FIG. 21 ) then first checks whether the passenger is still in the same mode of transport by being already registered or by being in a new mode of transport. Because the program (213) is activated as soon as the start registration has been completed. Based on a comparison of the identifier (4) from the data set (71) with the data element (2243) stored in (22), which contains the last stored identifier (4), the program (213) can determine whether (2) is still in the same mode of transport.
  • this query determines that the signal (71) comes from another on-board computer, it responds (213) and attempts to register a transfer request to the new RFID reader (3). For this purpose, it sends the data record (74) to (3).
  • FIG. 20 shows the structure of the record (74).
  • the transmitted data elements are all necessary in order to be able to carry out the transfer check in (311 Part B).
  • 311 part B) shown which mainly includes the transfer check.
  • the record (81) is sent to (4) and the record (75) to (213).
  • the program (311 part B) terminates its function as soon as all the transfer registrations requested with the data record (74) have taken place.
  • the record (75) is stored in (22).
  • the program then proceeds again to analyze records (71) as they are received.
  • FIG. 22 shows the state of the memory (22) after completion of the communication process (C).
EP09002780A 2008-04-21 2009-02-26 Procédé d'enregistrement de trajets d'un voyageur dans des moyens de transport au moyen d'un support de tickets électroniques Withdrawn EP2112632A1 (fr)

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DE200810019972 DE102008019972A1 (de) 2008-04-21 2008-04-21 Verfahren zur Registrierung von Fahrgast-Reisen in Verkehrsmitteln mittels eines Trägermediums für elektronische Tickets

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109658549A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-04-19 深圳壹账通智能科技有限公司 基于大数据的通关验证方法及装置、电子设备、介质

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1350896A (en) * 1970-08-14 1974-04-24 London Transport Executive Fare collection equipment
US4977501A (en) * 1988-02-22 1990-12-11 Societe Anonyme Dite: Compagnie Generale D'automatisme Cga-Hbs Fare collection system using microwaves
WO1994027255A1 (fr) * 1993-05-03 1994-11-24 Skidata Computer Gesellschaft M.B.H. Support de donnees se presentant sous forme de carte et procede de realisation d'un support de donnees
EP0911762A2 (fr) * 1997-10-21 1999-04-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Procédé pour fournir un service aux utilisateurs et système de traitement du service pour celui-ci
WO2001003075A1 (fr) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-11 Swisscom Mobile Ag Systeme d'information pour moyens de transport publics, et procede de communication correspondant
WO2006003648A2 (fr) 2004-07-01 2006-01-12 Powerid Ltd. Transpondeur rfid a retrodiffusion alimente par batterie
DE102004063600A1 (de) 2004-12-30 2006-07-13 Db Systems Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Leistungsentgelten für Reisen in öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln
FR2895120A1 (fr) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-22 Univ Tsinghua Ticket electronique sans contact a base de papier fonde sur des techniques d'etiquettes electroniques
DE102006015237B3 (de) 2006-03-30 2007-08-09 Db Systems Gmbh Verfahren zur Registrierung von Fahrgast-Reisen in Verkehrsmitteln mittels eines Trägermediums für elektronische Tickets

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1350896A (en) * 1970-08-14 1974-04-24 London Transport Executive Fare collection equipment
US4977501A (en) * 1988-02-22 1990-12-11 Societe Anonyme Dite: Compagnie Generale D'automatisme Cga-Hbs Fare collection system using microwaves
WO1994027255A1 (fr) * 1993-05-03 1994-11-24 Skidata Computer Gesellschaft M.B.H. Support de donnees se presentant sous forme de carte et procede de realisation d'un support de donnees
EP0911762A2 (fr) * 1997-10-21 1999-04-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Procédé pour fournir un service aux utilisateurs et système de traitement du service pour celui-ci
WO2001003075A1 (fr) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-11 Swisscom Mobile Ag Systeme d'information pour moyens de transport publics, et procede de communication correspondant
WO2006003648A2 (fr) 2004-07-01 2006-01-12 Powerid Ltd. Transpondeur rfid a retrodiffusion alimente par batterie
DE102004063600A1 (de) 2004-12-30 2006-07-13 Db Systems Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Leistungsentgelten für Reisen in öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln
FR2895120A1 (fr) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-22 Univ Tsinghua Ticket electronique sans contact a base de papier fonde sur des techniques d'etiquettes electroniques
DE102006015237B3 (de) 2006-03-30 2007-08-09 Db Systems Gmbh Verfahren zur Registrierung von Fahrgast-Reisen in Verkehrsmitteln mittels eines Trägermediums für elektronische Tickets

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