EP2101012B1 - Modular acoustic complex for making a floor with improved soundproofing performance, production method - Google Patents

Abstract

The complex (1) has elastic blocks (4) formed on isophonic floating ground rest on a support e.g. concrete structural slab (10), where the blocks are homogeneous monoblock elements. The blocks are fixed on lower surfaces of oriented strand board (OSB) type water-repellent and rigid wooden panels (2), where a ratio of a total base surface of the blocks on the support, on a total surface of the panels is between 0.03-0.08. Wooden struts (11) are arranged between a lower surface of each panel and each block, where the thickness of the struts is between 19-25 millimeters. An independent claim is also included for a method for fabricating an acoustic complex.

Description

The present invention relates to a modular acoustic complex for producing a floor with improved performance of sound insulation and a method of implementation. It has applications in the field of civil engineering and in particular the construction and renovation of premises and more particularly with regard to their floors. It allows in particular the realization of a light floating acoustic floor in dwellings of new or renovated dwellings which attenuates and isolates the footsteps (impact noise) between superimposed apartments and, also, improves the performances of sound insulation at airborne sounds.

Currently, the impact sound insulation between apartment is achieved by a floating screed typically reinforced cement placed on a resilient acoustic sub-layer, the total thickness being about 60mm. The current solution responds to the New Acoustic Regulation (NRA) of January 1996 but has the following disadvantages: Long drying time; Increase in the floor of collective dwellings; Delicate implementation due to the sound bridge between superimposed apartment (not raised the resilient underlay around the edge of the screed).

The following documents also disclose floor systems for reducing acoustic transmission: US-5,369,927 ; US-6,055,785 ; JP-6146543 ; U.S. 5,682,724 ; U.S. 4,879,857 . We also know by US-4,316,297 a floor on soft foam blocks.

The solution of the present invention consists in producing on the ground a relatively light acoustic complex in new or renovated housing which attenuates and isolates footsteps and, more generally, impact noises, between superimposed apartments. This impact sound insulation preferably responds to the New Acoustic Regulation of January 1996 for new housing. Impact sound insulation improves sound insulation performance for older dwellings.

The proposed method is to install on a slab or joist type support, in a room of a new or old housing, rigid prefabricated panels of density greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 6 with the underside acoustic skates Flexible. These panels are assembled to each other while remaining acoustically detached from the support by the pads and the periphery of the part by a resilient strip. It will be necessary to provide a 1.5mm expansion joint on the periphery. These assembled panels form a floating floor. A preferably heavy floor covering, for example of solid parquet or tiling type is glued on the panel. The floating floor and its flooring form the acoustic complex.

The invention therefore relates to an acoustic complex for producing a floor with improved acoustic insulation performance, the acoustic complex comprising a floor covering fixed on a floating floor resting on a support, said floating floor having substantially elastic pads.

According to the invention, the floating floor consists of a modular assembly of prefabricated rigid panels of density between 0.5 and 6, the terminals being included, the panels having peripheral edges and the realization of the floating floor being by positioning. edge-to-edge of the panels, at least one of said peripheral edges of each panel comprising means for adjusting the positioning edge-to-edge between panels, the adjustment means being one of two complementary types male or female can come into mutual engagement , and the substantially elastic pads are homogeneous one-piece elements fixed on the underside of the panel, each of said pads being of substantially parallelepiped shape, the ratio of the total seating surface Sta of the pads on the support on the total surface of the panel Stp with Sta / Stp being between 0.03 and 0.08 (ie in percentage between 3% and 8%).

• le panneau préfabriqué comporte en surface un revêtement de sol fixé sur la face supérieure du panneau rigide,
• le revêtement de sol est fixé sur la face supérieure du/des panneaux préfabriqués après installation du sol flottant sur le support,
• le complexe acoustique comporte en surface un revêtement de sol collé sur la face supérieure du/des panneaux rigides, ledit revêtement de sol ayant une masse surfacique d'au moins 10kg/m²,
• le complexe acoustique a une masse surfacique d'au moins 25kg/m², le sol flottant ayant une masse surfacique d'au moins 15kg/m²,
• le panneau a une masse surfacique supérieure ou égale à 15Kg/m²,
• le panneau a une masse surfacique supérieure ou égale à 25Kg/m²,
• les patins sont dans un matériau élastique présentant les caractéristiques mécaniques approximatives suivantes :
  • Module d'élasticité Statique (N / mm²) environ 0,10 à 0,44 et
  • Dynamique environ 0,15 à 1,10 ;
  • Déformation sous compression environ: 4,1% ;
  • Résistance à la traction environ: 0,3N/m ;
  • Allongement à la rupture environ: 60% ;
  • Résistance à la déchirure environ: 3N/mm,
• le panneau est du type OSB (panneau à lamelles minces orientées),
• le panneau est à base de bois et est choisi parmi le contreplaqué, l'aggloméré ou le bois brut,
• le panneau est hydrofuge ou traité hydrofuge,
• le panneau est un composite béton et fibre,
• le panneau est sensiblement polygonal,
• le panneau est sensiblement rectangulaire,
• le panneau est sensiblement carré,
• le panneau a une longueur comprise entre 100 mm et 5000 mm, une largeur comprise entre 100 mm et 5000 mm, une épaisseur entre 4 mm et 200 mm,
• les dimensions du panneau sont d'environ 1250 mm x 800 mm x 22 mm,
• le panneau a une épaisseur d'au moins 4 mm,
• le panneau a une épaisseur d'environ 22mm,
• le moyen d'ajustement est du type tenon et mortaise respectivement pour le type male et femelle,
• le panneau comporte quatre bords périphériques et le moyen d'ajustement male est sur deux cotés et le moyen d'ajustement femelle sur les deux autres cotés,
• le moyen d'ajustement est en outre un moyen de fixation, le moyen d'ajustement comportant en outre un dispositif permettant un clipsage entre les deux types complémentaires male ou femelle,
• le revêtement de sol est choisi parmi un linoléum®, une moquette, un dallage, un carrelage, du bois (parquet brut ou fini, sol stratifié ou parquet flottant),
• le revêtement de sol est collé sur le/les panneaux,
• le revêtement de sol est collé sur le/les panneaux et est choisi parmi un carrelage ou un parquet de bois brut ou fini,
• le revêtement de sol a une masse surfacique d'au moins 10kg/m²,
• le revêtement de sol a une masse surfacique comprise entre 10 et 90 kg/m²,
• il est préférable que le complexe acoustique ait une masse surfacique supérieure ou égale à 25 kg/m² quelles que soient les proportions de charge entre le sol flottant et le revêtement de sol,
• les patins sont collés sous le panneau en formant des lignes discontinues parallèles (ou aléatoires mais réparties de manière homogène),
• les patins ont une longueur comprise entre 50mm et 150mm, une largeur comprise entre 25mm et 100mm, une épaisseur non comprimé entre 15mm et 60mm,
• les patins ont des dimensions d'environ 100mm x 50mm x 17mm (non comprimé),
• les patins ont tous des dimensions identiques pour une structure donnée,
• les patins ont des dimensions différentes pour une structure donnée,
• les patins sont disposés en lignes discontinues parallèles sous le panneau,
• l'écartement entre deux lignes discontinues successives de patins correspond à l'écartement standard des solives d'un support, (pour mise en oeuvre des structures en réhabilitation notamment)
• l'écartement entre deux lignes discontinues successives de patins est d'environ 40cm,
• les patins ont des dimensions d'environ 100mm x 50mm x 17mm et les dimensions du panneau sont d'environ 1250mm x 800mm x 22mm,
• des cales en bois ayant une épaisseur comprise entre 0 (borne non comprise) et 500mm sont disposées entre la face inférieure du panneau et chacun des patins,
• les patins sont collés sous le panneau directement ou sur des cales en bois fixées sous le panneau, en formant des lignes parallèles discontinues.

In various embodiments of the invention, the following means can be used alone or in any technically possible combination, are employed:

• the prefabricated panel has on the surface a floor covering fixed on the upper face of the rigid panel,
• the floor covering is fixed on the upper face of the prefabricated panel (s) after installation of the floating floor on the support,
• the acoustic complex comprises at the surface a floor covering adhered to the upper face of the rigid panel (s), said floor covering having a basis weight of at least 10 kg / m ² ,
• the acoustic complex has a mass per unit area of at least 25 kg / m ² , the floating floor having a basis weight of at least 15 kg / m ² ,
• the panel has a mass per unit area greater than or equal to 15Kg / m ² ,
• the panel has a mass per unit area greater than or equal to 25Kg / m ² ,
• the pads are made of an elastic material having the following approximate mechanical characteristics:
  • Static elastic modulus (N / mm ² ) about 0.10 to 0.44 and
  • Dynamic about 0.15 to 1.10;
  • Deformation under compression approximately: 4.1%;
  • Tensile strength approximately: 0.3N / m;
  • Elongation at break approximately: 60%;
  • Tear resistance approximately: 3N / mm,
• the panel is of the OSB type (thin slat panel oriented),
• the panel is based on wood and is chosen from plywood, chipboard or raw wood,
• the panel is water-repellent or water-repellent treated,
• the panel is a composite concrete and fiber,
• the panel is substantially polygonal,
• the panel is substantially rectangular,
• the panel is substantially square,
• the panel has a length of between 100 mm and 5000 mm, a width of between 100 mm and 5000 mm, a thickness of between 4 mm and 200 mm,
• the dimensions of the panel are approximately 1250 mm x 800 mm x 22 mm,
• the panel has a thickness of at least 4 mm,
• the panel has a thickness of about 22mm,
• the adjustment means is of the tenon and mortise type respectively for the male and female type,
• the panel has four peripheral edges and the male adjustment means is on two sides and the female adjustment means on the other two sides,
• the adjustment means is further a fixing means, the adjustment means further comprising a device for clipping between the two complementary male or female types,
• the floor covering is chosen from linoleum®, carpet, paving, tiling, wood (unfinished or finished parquet, laminate flooring or floating floors),
• the flooring is glued to the panel (s),
• the flooring is bonded to the panel (s) and is selected from tiled or unfinished or finished wood flooring,
• the floor covering has a mass per unit area of at least 10kg / m ² ,
• the floor covering has a basis weight of between 10 and 90 kg / m ² ,
• it is preferable that the acoustic complex has a basis weight greater than or equal to 25 kg / m ² irrespective of the proportions of load between the floating floor and the floor covering,
• the pads are glued under the panel forming parallel discontinuous lines (or random but homogeneously distributed),
• the pads have a length of between 50mm and 150mm, a width of between 25mm and 100mm, an uncompressed thickness of between 15mm and 60mm,
• the pads have dimensions of about 100mm x 50mm x 17mm (not compressed),
• the pads all have identical dimensions for a given structure,
• the pads have different dimensions for a given structure,
• the pads are arranged in parallel discontinuous lines under the panel,
• the spacing between two successive discontinuous lines of pads corresponds to the standard spacing of the joists of a support, (for implementation of structures in rehabilitation in particular)
• the spacing between two successive discontinuous lines of pads is about 40 cm,
• the skids have dimensions of approximately 100mm x 50mm x 17mm and the dimensions of the panel are approximately 1250mm x 800mm x 22mm,
• wooden shims having a thickness of between 0 (not included) and 500mm are arranged between the underside of the panel and each of the pads,
• the pads are glued under the panel directly or on wooden blocks fixed under the panel, forming discontinuous parallel lines.

The invention also relates to a method for producing an acoustic complex forming a floor with improved acoustic insulation performance, the acoustic complex comprising a floor covering fixed on a floating floor resting on a support, said floating floor comprising pads substantially elastic.

According to the method, the floating floor is formed by assembling on the support of panels having one or more of the features described with edge-to-edge of said panels.

In a variant of the method, the acoustic complex is in a room lined with walls and acoustically dissociates said acoustic complex and said walls by implementation of at least one strip of a resilient material along the walls between the periphery of the complex acoustic and said walls. In a variant, the strip is an open-cell or closed-cell material (foam strip).

In variants, there is on the support a layer of fibrous insulation material (glass wool or equivalent) before installing the panels. Preferably, uncompressed glass wool (or equivalent) has a thickness of between 20 to 500mm.

In variants, all materials and elastic support (pad) meet the characteristics of load and stiffness (for materials) and dynamic stiffness (for elastic support).

In variants, two floating floors are superimposed.

In variants, the invention is characterized by the inversion of the pad and the corresponding shim, that is to say the interposition of the pad between the panel and the shim, preferably the shim being fixed to the support.

The acoustic complex of the invention has the advantage of allowing rapid installation with insulation performance acoustic noise with very high impact noise and for a cost equivalent to that of traditional systems. It ensures high attenuation of low frequency sounds. Thanks to the invention, the assembly of modular independent elements which are panels with pads and possible wedges, is easy to achieve and accelerates the production of a building site. In particular, there is no waiting time drying traditional cement screed besides that it avoids the associated moisture problems. In addition, the panels used being modular, it is possible to replace one or more if necessary to make repairs. With the invention, the acoustic bridges existing on a traditional screed are avoided, which allows a high performance of the insulation to the impact noises. The proposed structure is about six times lighter than a traditional acoustic floating screed. It can be made from recycled materials. Finally, it allows use in ground heating with good energy performance. It is also possible to place technical elements at the height of the hold.

• la Figure 1 qui représente une vue en coupe d'un premier exemple de complexe acoustique réalisé par assemblage de plusieurs panneaux dans le cas d'un support béton, notamment dans un bâtiment neuf,
• la Figure 2 qui représente une vue en coupe d'un deuxième exemple de complexe acoustique réalisé par assemblage de plusieurs panneaux dans le cas d'un support solives, notamment dans un bâtiment ancien suite à une rénovation, et dans lequel une isolation par bourrage de laine de verre entre les patins et solives est en outre mise en oeuvre,
• la Figure 3 qui représente une vue de dessous (sous-face) d'un panneau préfabriqué avec ses patins montrant un exemple de répartition desdits patins,
• la Figure 4 qui représente une vue de dessous (sous-face) d'un panneau préfabriqué dans le cas de patins montés sur cales,
• la Figure 5 qui représente une vue en coupe d'un troisième exemple de complexe acoustique réalisé par assemblage de plusieurs panneaux à patins montés sur cales dans le cas d'un support béton et dans lequel une isolation par bourrage de laine de verre sur toute la surface du support est en outre mise en oeuvre,
• la Figure 6 qui représente une vue en coupe d'une variante de mise en oeuvre du troisième exemple de la Figure 5 dans laquelle un chauffage à serpentin électrique est en outre installé sous les panneaux.

The present invention, without being limited thereto, will now be exemplified with the following description of embodiments in connection with:

• the Figure 1 which represents a sectional view of a first example of an acoustic complex made by assembling several panels in the case of a concrete support, especially in a new building,
• the Figure 2 which represents a sectional view of a second example of an acoustic complex made by assembling several panels in the case of a joist support, particularly in an old building following a renovation, and in which a glass wool filling insulation between the runners and joists is furthermore implemented,
• the Figure 3 which represents a bottom view (underside) of a prefabricated panel with its pads showing an example of distribution of said pads,
• the Figure 4 which represents a bottom view (underside) of a prefabricated panel in the case of shim-mounted pads,
• the Figure 5 which represents a cross-sectional view of a third example of an acoustic complex made by assembling several spacer-mounted skate boards in the case of a concrete support and in which a glass wool filling insulation over the entire surface of the support is further implemented,
• the Figure 6 which represents a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the third example of the Figure 5 wherein an electric coil heater is further installed beneath the panels.

It should be noted that the floors described in relation to the Figures 1 and 2 , that is to say without the holds, are not the subject of the claims of the present application.

In an exemplary basic embodiment, the invention consists in laying on floors (the support) of new or old housing rigid panels of density greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 6 with face, glued, soft acoustic pads. These panels are assembled to each other, to form a floating floor, while being acoustically detached from the support by the pads and the periphery by a resilient strip along the walls The panels have an expansion joint of 1.5 mm per meter . Typically, then glue a heavy type of solid wood flooring, or specific load tiles, this coating entering the constitution of the acoustic complex.

Thus, sound-insulating floating floors (isophonic) consist of prefabricated modular structures consisting of rigid and water-resistant wood panels of OSB4 type (Oriented Thin Slat Panel) or equivalent, assembled together and having on the underside, glued, resilient acoustic resilients called pads. The thickness of the panels is at least 15 mm and they have a mass per unit area greater than or equal to 25 kg / m ² . Each panel of typical size 1250mm x 800mm x 22mm has on the underside of the pads each at least 17mm in height and typical dimensions 100mm x 50mm x 25mm. These pads are typically arranged every 40cm, which allows to put the panels on any type of support, new or old, type floor concrete, wood, slab ... On the / panels, a heavy floor type flooring massive or heavy tile is glued. This Floor covering has a basis weight of at least 10kg / m ² and typically between 10 and 15 kg / m ² . The panels and skids alone (the floating floor) have a mass per unit area typically of at least 30 kg / m ² . As a result, the acoustic complex (floor covering + panels + skids) has a surface density of at least 40kg / m ² .

• Module d'élasticité (N / mm²) Statique : 0,10 - 0,44 et Dynamique : 0,15 - 1,10 ;
• Déformation sous compression: 4,1% ;
• Résistance à la traction: 0,3N/m ;
• Allongement à la rupture: 60% ;
• Résistance à la déchirure: 3N/mm.

Each of the pads has typical dimensions of 100 x 50 x 25 mm and is composed of polyurethane bonded rubber granules. The material of this type of pad has the following intrinsic mechanical characteristics:

• Modulus of elasticity (N / mm ² ) Static: 0.10 - 0.44 and Dynamic: 0.15 - 1.10;
• Deformation under compression: 4.1%;
• Tensile strength: 0.3N / m;
• Elongation at break: 60%;
• Tear resistance: 3N / mm.

In order to obtain the results in terms of acoustic insulation, it is not so much the composition of the material of the pads that is important as the mechanical characteristics of the latter, especially in terms of elasticity. Also, the invention can be implemented with elastic shoes made of other materials, for example elastomers, rubbers or other materials, which preferably will have mechanical characteristics identical to or similar to those listed above ( modulus of elasticity, deformation ...). The pad can be structured (for example have corrugations) side support side.

The typical implementation is carried out as follows. First, check the flatness and moisture content of the soil and correct these elements, if necessary. Panels which are tongue grooved and have pads are arranged on the support and assembled by gluing and thus nested with each other to form a consistent floating floor in the room considered. An expansion joint of about 1.5mm per linear meter of soil (measured perpendicular to the edge) is provided along the peripheral edges of the acoustic complex. The panels are disengaged from the peripheral walls by a foam seal disposed in the expansion joint.

On the Figure 1 we can see in section the acoustic complex 1 made by assembling edge-to-edge panels 2 of 30Kg / m ² surface mass on which is bonded a floor covering 5, for example a tiling, with a mass per unit area of 10Kg / m ² , and under which are glued skates 4 about 17mm thick (in practice a little less because of the compression of the pad). The pads rest on a support which is a 14 cm concrete carrier slab. Laterally, along the walls, the complex is acoustically detached from said walls by a strip of vertical foam 6 on which is fixed a skirting board 7, the skirting board coming peripherally on the floor covering 5.

On the Figure 2 , the acoustic complex is based on a support made of joists 3 and the pads 4 are aligned and spaced accordingly. A glass wool filling is made between the plaster ceiling 9 of the lower floor and the panels 2 without the glass wool extending under the pads. It will be seen later that it is preferable that the glass wool also extends under the pads.

In the Figures, for reasons of simplification, the edges of the panels are shown substantially vertical, but preferably the edges of the panels comprise relative positioning means between tenon type panels and mortise. Preferably, the height of the tenon (and thus the mortise clearance close) represents about 50% of the thickness of the panel. Thus, for a panel about 38 mm thick, the tenon or the mortise each have a height of about 19mm. Thus, during the installation of the panels they are fitted into each other, edge to / against edge, and these edges are glued together.

On the Figure 3 , we better see the arrangement in discontinuous parallel lines of the pads 4 on the underside of the panel 2. The lines are spaced a distance which preferably corresponds to the standard spacing of the joists, about 40cm. The spacing of the pads along a line is preferably essentially adapted to be able to respect the ratio provided total surface of the pads on surface of the panel. It is also possible to obtain this ratio by varying the unit dimensions of the pads, for example by increasing or reducing their lengths and / or widths.

Thanks to the invention, ground impact noises from steps, jumps, races, or displacement of any kind, are filtered. The filtering is carried out according to the mass-spring principle making it possible to obtain a high attenuation at low frequency. For purely explanatory purposes, we can consider, for the basic embodiment, the following theoretical calculation in which Ms denotes a mass per unit area:
MS = 25kg / m ² for the vacuum acoustic complex (no load applied on it) and Ms' = 150 kg / m ² for the charged acoustic complex. By counting 6 skates per m ² of acoustic complex one can calculate the load undergone by each pad of length 100mm and width 50mm. For the vacuum acoustic complex: 25 / 6x0,1x0,05 = 833kg / m ² or 25/6 = 4,16Kg per pad. For the acoustic complex in charge: 150 / 6x0,1x0,05 = 5000kg / m ² or 150/6 = 25Kg per pad. Assuming that the acoustic complex obeys the law mass mass mass, we can calculate the natural frequency of such a complex.

$$\mathrm{Fo}\mathrm{=}\frac{\mathrm{E}}{\mathrm{2}\mathrm{\Pi }}\frac{\mathrm{1}}{{\left(\mathrm{ms\; e}\right)}^{\mathrm{0.5}}}$$

• k : raideur du ressort (N/m)
• ms : masse surfacique (kg/m²)
• E : module d'élasticité (0,053 N/mm²)
• e ou d: épaisseur du patin écrasé
• Fo = 84 / (ms.d)^0,5.
• Fo = 84/(833 x 0.035) ^0.5 = 16 Hz

For an empty, empty complex: $$\mathrm{F}\mathrm{0}\mathrm{=}\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}\mathrm{\Pi }}\frac{{\left(\mathrm{k}\right)}^{\mathrm{0.5}}}{{\left(\mathrm{m}\right)}^{\mathrm{0.5}}}$$

$$\mathrm{Fo}\mathrm{=}\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="E"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">E</figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{2}\mathrm{\Pi }}\frac{\mathrm{1}}{{\left(\mathrm{ms\; e}\right)}^{\mathrm{0.5}}}$$

• k: spring stiffness (N / m)
• ms: mass per unit area (kg / m ² )
• E: modulus of elasticity (0.053 N / mm ² )
• e or d: thickness of the crushed pad
• Fo = 84 / (ms.d) ^0.5 .
• Fo = 84 / (833 x 0.035) ^0.5 = 16 Hz

• Fo = 84 / (ms.d)^0,5
• Fo = 84/(5000 x 0.035)^0.5 = 6 Hz

For a complex loaded:

• Fo = 84 / (ms.d) ^0.5
• Fo = 84 / (5000 x 0.035) ^0.5 = 6 Hz

Hence the filtering for the most unfavorable frequency: $$\mathrm{F}\mathrm{=}\mathrm{1}\mathrm{-}\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\begin{array}{c}{\begin{array}{c}\left(\underset{}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="F"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">F</figure-callout>}}\right)\end{array}}^2\\ {\left(\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Fo"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Fo</figure-callout>}\right)}^{\mathrm{2}}\end{array}}\mathrm{=}\mathrm{1}\mathrm{-}\frac{\mathrm{1}}{{\left(\mathrm{63}\mathrm{/}\mathrm{16}\right)}^{\mathrm{2}}}\mathrm{=}\mathrm{93}\mathrm{\%}$$

Although the exemplary embodiment presented above gives good results, it is still possible to obtain better performance by using wooden wedges between the panels and the skids as will now be seen.

In this example embodiment with wedges, the rigid panels have a thickness of at least 15 mm and have a basis weight greater than or equal to 25 kg / m ² . The floor covering typically has a density of between 10 and 15 kg / m ² . The pads are of the same type as before. Each shim has a thickness between 10mm and 25mm. Preferably, each shim is slightly wider (and / or longer) than the corresponding pad which is glued on it in order to be able to screw (or nail or staple) the shim on the panel without having to cross the pad. The floating floor consists of OSB type wood panels or equivalent assembled together. Each panel has typical dimensions 1250 x 800 x 22 mm and has on the underside of the wooden blocks screwed under which are glued the pads of typical dimensions 100 x 50x 17 mm. The distribution of the calluses and pads between them is substantially identical to that of the previous example, that is to say a spacing of 40cm between them.

On the Figure 4 we can see the distribution of shims 11 and pads 4 on the underside of a panel 2. The wedges are made of wood for example chipboard or equivalent. In this example, the width of the shims is slightly greater than that of the pads so that fixing screw wedges on the panel can be performed laterally to the pad, so without having to cross. The distribution of the holds and skids is equivalent to that of the skates of the Figure 3 .

The typical implementation is similar to that of the previous example with, firstly, checking the flatness and soil moisture content and possible correction. The panels which are grooved tongues and comprise wedges and their pads are arranged on the ground and assembled together by gluing and thus nested with each other to form the floating floor in the room considered. An expansion joint of approximately 1.5mm per linear meter of soil is anticipated along the peripheral edges of the complex acoustic. The panels are separated from the peripheral walls by a foam seal disposed in the expansion joint.

In alternative embodiments of the two previous examples, there is also available on the support a layer of glass wool 20 to 40 mm thick and on which the skid panels and any calluses are available. As a result, the glass wool is found compressed at the level of the pads, the latter therefore not resting directly on the support.

By way of example of such an alternative embodiment with wedges, the rigid inert panels have a thickness of at least 15 mm and a surface density greater than or equal to 25 kg / m ² . Flooring adhered to the panels at a density of between 10 and 15 kg / m ² . The pads are of a type described above. The shims have a thickness whose value is chosen between 10 and 25 mm or, preferably, 19 to 25 mm. The glass wool insulation has an unstressed thickness of 20 to 40mm.

The typical implementation is similar to those of the previous examples except that on the support is first spread / unwound a layer of glass wool.

On the Figure 5 it can be seen that the shims are directly fixed on the underside of the panel, the pads 4 being glued on the free face of the shims 11. In the example shown, glass wool has been spread over the entire surface of the support and is crushed by the skates. It is understood that these figures are diagrammatic because because of the flexibility of the glass wool, it substantially matches the shoe in reality.

The Figure 6 shows that it is also possible to install underfloor heating by placing an electric heating coil under the panels between the pads and wedges. Because the shims and pads are discrete elements and not continuous lines, the installation of the coil is simplified. We understand that it is also possible to pass any type of pipe (electric, telephone, television ... or water or other) under the panels.

We will now give an example of implementation in the renovation of floors of old buildings. The original flooring (wood floor, plasterboard floor) that was removed was based on joists which are now discovered. Rigid inert panels with a thickness greater than 15 mm and with a mass per unit area greater than or equal to 25 kg / m ^{2 are} therefore installed on said joists. Alternatively, without joists, we can install the panels on joists. Panels are used, the distribution of the pads and any shims, is such that the pads actually rest on the joists or joists. Preferably, prior to the installation of the panels, a filling of glass wool insulation or equivalent is carried out. Either this stuffing is done between the joists or joists and the pads then rest directly on them, or, preferably, the stuffing is done on the whole surface, including the joists or joists and the glass wool or equivalent is found compressed between skates and joists or joists. A floor covering with a mass per unit area of between 10 and 15 kg / m ^{2 is placed} on the assembled panels. The wood panels are OSB type or equivalent and assembled together. Each panel has dimensions of 1250 x 800 x 22mm and features glued on the underside of skates of dimensions 100 x 50 x 17mm. In a variant, shims are implemented. The tongue-and-groove panels are assembled together by gluing and nested with each other to form a consistent floating floor in the room considered. At the periphery, an expansion joint of 1.5 mm / m is provided opposite the side walls / walls. The panels and the flooring of the acoustic complex are separated from the walls at the periphery by a foam seal.

In some cases, the installation of a heating means in the floor can be considered. The present invention allows it with great ease as will now be seen with an example of implementation of skid panels with shims and insolation. Rigid inert panels have a thickness greater than 15mm and a mass per unit area greater than or equal to 25kg / m ² . Those are OSB type wood panels or equivalent assembled together to form the floating floor. Each panel size 1250 x 800 x 22mm has resilient resilient resilient pads, size 100 x 50 x 17mm. These pads are arranged every 40cm in this example. Before installation, care should be taken to check the flatness and moisture content of the floor for possible correction and then put the glass wool on the entire surface of the space to be treated. We will then take care to ask according to the manufacturer's manual heating floor coil, electric in this example, on the glass wool that will be compressed. The tongue-and-groove panels are then placed on the ground without contact with the electric heater. These panels are assembled by gluing and thus nested with each other to form a consistent floating floor in the room considered. The flooring is then laid with a mass per unit area of between 10 and 15 kg / m ² . An expansion joint of 1.5 mm / m is provided opposite the peripheral walls. The acoustic complex is separated from the peripheral walls by a foam seal.

Laboratory experiments have shown very high acoustic sound insulation performance with high attenuation at low frequency. The results of the measurements carried out in the laboratory give a performance ΔLw = 29dB for an acoustic complex without glass wool and ΔLw = 31 dB for an acoustic complex with glass wool, this for a concrete slab of 14cm. Such a performance is still unmatched today. In addition, the attenuations are very high in low frequency (15 to 30 dB depending on the configuration and frequency band), which is fundamental for the impact noises, indeed the low frequencies are very noticeable to the human ear. To date, no equivalent technical process responds to such performance.

• Configuration 1 : complexe acoustique sur dalle support en béton armé de 140 mm d'épaisseur, le complexe acoustique comportant : des patins de 17 mm d'épaisseur avec cales de 19 à 25mm d'épaisseur sur panneau bois modulaire de 15 kg/m², le tout recouvert d'un revêtement de sol de 10 kg/m².
• Configuration 2 : complexe acoustique sur dalle support en béton armé de 140 mm d'épaisseur avec interposition d'une couche de laine de verre de 40mm (20Kg/m³), le complexe acoustique comportant : des patins de 17 mm d'épaisseur avec cales de 19 à 25mm d'épaisseur sur panneau bois modulaire de 15 kg/m², le tout recouvert d'un revêtement de sol de 10 kg/m².

The acoustic measurements were carried out in a laboratory made according to NF EN 140-6 standard dimensions excepted. The equipment used consisted of a Butelec® shock machine and a 2260 Bruel and Kjaer® sound level meter. The laboratory floor consists of a 140 mm thick concrete slab on which various acoustic complexes have been tested. By way of example, the following floor configurations can be mentioned for tests:

• Configuration 1 : Acoustic complex on 140 mm thick reinforced concrete support slab, the acoustic complex comprising: 17 mm thick runners with wedges 19 to 25 mm thick on a modular wood panel of 15 kg / m ² , all covered with a floor covering of 10 kg / m ² .
• Configuration 2 : Acoustic complex on 140 mm thick reinforced concrete slab supported by a layer of 40 mm (20Kg / m ³ ) glass wool, the acoustic complex comprising: skates 17 mm thick with wedges from 19 to 25mm thick on a modular wood panel of 15 kg / m ² , all covered with a floor covering of 10 kg / m ² .

For the configuration 1, the measurements gave the following results:

Result of isolation measures to impact noise

Frequency (Hz) Lno (dB) .DELTA.L (dB) 100 59 -3 125 55 3 160 55 12 200 64 18 250 59 21 315 57 23 400 61 21 500 54 27 630 53 29 800 50 33 1000 46 38 1250 44 35 1600 40 42 2000 43 38 2500 41 38 3150 37 40 4000 38 38

Sound attenuation rating for impact noises: According to XP S 31074 ΔL = 28 dB (A) (tolerance ± 2 (dB)) According to NF EN ISO 717-2 ΔLw = 29 dB

For configuration 2, the measurements gave the following results:

Result of isolation measures to impact noise

Frequency (Hz) Lno (dB) ΔL (dB) 100 60 -4 125 57 6 160 55 14 200 61 21 250 58 26 315 50 30 400 56 27 500 49 32 630 48 34 800 47 36 1000 44 40 1250 41 38 1600 39 43 2000 39 41 2500 37 41 3150 35 42 4000 33 43

Sound attenuation rating for impact noises: According to XP S 31074 ΔL = 30 dB (A) (tolerance ± 2 (dB)) According to NF EN ISO 717-2 ΔLw = 31 dB

Note that on site, we can add 1dB per cm of concrete is 35 and 37 dB for a slab of 20cm.

These results are obtained simply and for a cost substantially equivalent to that of a traditional acoustic floating screed because it is a dry construction process using a simple assembly of modular panels with easy handling. The acoustic complex obtained is six times lighter than a traditional acoustic floating screed. This method also avoids phonic bridges, because there is no fallout of elements on the concrete slab that forms the support unlike an accidental flow of cement in the case of a floating screed. In addition, it is possible in case of disaster to selectively replace the damaged modular panel. The invention preferably uses recycled materials of the OSB type for the floor and any wedges and recycled rubber-based pads. The chosen materials have been used for 50 years for the rubber pads and the OSB is water repellent class M3. These materials are therefore ecological and can find applications in ecological wood-frame house or other floors. The construction method of the invention makes it possible to produce a low-temperature heating floor, with a heating means which is placed between the insulator and the underfloor of the floating floor due to the small acoustic complex thickness and the density of its constituent elements. . This allows to obtain a significant energy saving since it will be necessary to heat less to obtain an identical surface temperature.

In practice, in order to obtain the best results, it is preferred to use an acoustic complex which comprises a floating floor with shims and this with or without glass wool. Indeed, to reinforce the impact sound insulation performance, it is preferable to lay the wood panels on shims with a thickness between 15mm and 20mm. Under these holds are glued the pads. On the floating floor, on the surface of the panels, a floor covering of the type solid parquet or heavy tiles is glued. This flooring has a weight per unit area of at least 10kg / m ² (DINACHOC® type). Floating soil (therefore excluding floor covering) has a mass per unit area of at least 15kg / m ² for OSB panels or equivalent. As a result, the acoustic complex (floating floor + floor covering) has a mass per unit area of at least 25 kg / m ² . It is found that under load, the effectiveness of the acoustic complex deteriorates sharply and, at the limit, no longer works. Such a type of acoustic complex can be placed on any type of floor: New or old and with any type of concrete, wood, slab ...

To summarize and in comparison with the traditional device type floating screed cement, we can consider the following table: Floating cement screed Acoustic complex in wood panel Performance provided Load 90kg / m ² 15kg / m ² 6 times lighter Implementation : 4 to 6 weeks of drying immediate Gain of 1 month to 1.5 months on site Mitigation performance ΔLw = 29dB without glass wool Gain from 8 to 10dB For a slab of 14 cm ΔLw = 21dB ΔLw = 31dB with glass wool Low frequency attenuation High low frequency attenuation On the band (125, 500 Hz): 6 dB at 125 Hz to 32 dB at 500 Hz

It is understood that the invention can be declined in many ways without departing from the general scope defined by the present application. For example, the floor covering, instead of being installed on the job site once the panels are assembled to form the floating floor, can be glued on the factory to each panel for a completely prefabricated panel. In any case and preferably, at the factory outlet the panels comprise at least their fixed pads with possibly their holds in the mode of realization with wedges. In rare cases of "made to measure", it may be necessary to fix the pads and shims on the site to adapt to specific conditions such as an unusually spaced joists or joists. Similarly, the panels can be in any rigid material adapted and panel dimensions different from those described by way of example. Thus, the panels can have a dimension (in length and / or width-square or rectangular panel) depending on the standard spacing of the joists of houses (in general the spacing is 40cm). Similarly, the shapes of the panels may be other than square or rectangular and for example polygonal. In the latter case, this form of panel may correspond to the unit of form (or multiple thereof) of the floor covering used (for example ceramic tiles or marble or old-fashioned parquet: Versailles).

Claims (13)

1. Acoustic complex (1) for making a floor with improved acoustic insulation performances, the acoustic complex comprising a floor covering (5) fastened to a floating floor resting on a support (3) (10), said floating floor comprising rigid panels (2) and substantially elastic pads (4), the floating floor being formed of a modular set of said rigid panels (2) prefabricated having a density comprised between 0.5 and 6, limits included, the panels comprising peripheral edges and the making of the floating floor being carried out by positioning the panels edge-to-edge, the substantially elastic pads being homogenous single-piece elements fastened to the lower face of the panel, by means of wood shims arranged between the lower face of the panel and each of the pads, each of said pads being substantially of parallelepiped shape, characterized in that the ratio of the total seating surface area Sta of the pads on the support to the total surface area of the panel Stp, i.e. Sta/Stp, is comprised between 0.03 and 0.08, and in that the wood shims arranged between the lower face of the panel and each of the pads have a thickness comprised between 19 and 25 mm and in that at least one of said peripheral edges of each panel comprises a means for adjusting the panel edge-to-edge positioning, the adjustment means being either one of two male and female complementary types capable of coming into mutual engagement.
2. Acoustic complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the pad and the shim are inverted, the pad being interposed between the panel and the shim.
3. Acoustic complex according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the interposed pads are stuck directly under the panel or in that the pads are stuck to wood shims, which are fastened under the panel, forming parallel discontinuous lines.
4. Acoustic complex according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the pads (4) are made of an elastic material having the following mechanical characteristics:

   - Static and dynamic modulus of elasticity ranges are such that the ratio of the minimum to the maximum of the static modulus of elasticity is 0.1/0.44 and the ratio of the minimum to the maximum of the dynamic modulus of elasticity is 0.15/1.10;

   - Compression strain: about 4.1 %;

   - Tensile strength: about 0.3 N/m;

   - Elongation at break: 60 %;

   - Tear strength: about 3 N/mm.
5. Acoustic complex according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises on its surface a floor coating (5) stuck to the upper face of the rigid panel(s), said floor coating having a surface density of at least 10 kg/m².
6. Acoustic complex according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a mass per unit area of at least 25 kg/m², the floating floor having a mass per unit area of at least 15 kg/m².
7. Acoustic complex according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pads have dimensions of about 100 mm x 50 mm x 17 mm and the panel dimensions are about 1250 mm x 800 mm x 22 mm.
8. Method of making an acoustic complex forming a floor with improved acoustic insulation performances, the acoustic complex comprising a floor covering (5) fastened to a floating floor resting on a support (3) (10), said floating floor comprising rigid panels (2) and substantially elastic pads (4), in which, to obtain the acoustic complex according to any one of the preceding claims, a modular set of said rigid panels (2) prefabricated having a density comprised between 0.5 and 6, limits included, is arranged edge-to-edge, the panels comprising peripheral edges, the substantially elastic pads being homogenous single-piece elements fastened to the lower face of the panel, by means of wood shims arranged between the lower face of the panel and each of the pads, each of said pads being substantially of parallelepiped shape,
   characterized in that a ratio of the total seating surface area Sta of the pads on the support to the total surface area of the panel Stp, i.e. Sta/Stp, comprised between 0.03 and 0.08, is implemented and wood shims having a thickness comprised between 19 and 25 mm and panels such that at least one of said peripheral edges of each panel comprises a means for adjusting the panel edge-to-edge positioning, the adjustment means being either one of two male and female complementary types capable of coming into mutual engagement.
9. Method according to claim 8, characterized by the inversion of the pad and the shim, i.e. the interposition of the pad between the wood panel and the shim, said shim being preferably fastened to the support.
10. Method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the acoustic complex is located in a room lined with walls, and in that said floor and said walls are acoustically separated by placing strips of a resilient material (6) along the walls, between the acoustic complex periphery and said walls.
11. Method according to claim 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that a layer of insulating fibrous material is further placed on the support, in such a manner that said fibrous material is compressed between the pads and the support,
12. Method according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that any material and elastic support meets the load and rigidity characteristics for the material and the dynamic stiffness characteristic for the elastic support.
13. Method according to claim 12, characterized by the stacking of two floating floors.

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