EP2092100A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur nadel überwachung - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur nadel überwachungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2092100A1 EP2092100A1 EP06829013A EP06829013A EP2092100A1 EP 2092100 A1 EP2092100 A1 EP 2092100A1 EP 06829013 A EP06829013 A EP 06829013A EP 06829013 A EP06829013 A EP 06829013A EP 2092100 A1 EP2092100 A1 EP 2092100A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- needles
- time interval
- pulses
- pulse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
- D04B35/10—Indicating, warning, or safety devices, e.g. stop motions
- D04B35/18—Indicating, warning, or safety devices, e.g. stop motions responsive to breakage, misplacement, or malfunctioning of knitting instruments
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for monitoring needles on knitting machines and a corresponding device.
- Knitting machines have a large number of knitting needles, which are subject to wear and in particular can break off. Often knitting machines, in particular circular knitting machines are used for the ongoing production of large quantities of goods. If a needle breaks, the result is a defect in the goods produced. Committee is produced. However, needle breaks can occur again and again. It is therefore important to monitor the needles of the running knitting machine. For this purpose, various efforts have already been made.
- US Pat. No. 3,577,750 discloses a monitoring arrangement with an optical sensor in the form of a light barrier through whose measuring path the needle heads run. The pulses generated during the passage of the needle heads through the light path of the light barrier are converted into rectangular pulses. The length of such a pulse is relatively large in intact needles, while it is significantly lower in broken needles. If the pulse length is shorter than expected, an alarm signal is given.
- This monitoring method is based on the requirement of constant engine speed. If it is to be adjusted so sensitively that even needle bends or only fractures of parts of the hook can be seen, there are false alarms in the case of speed fluctuations of the knitting machine.
- the hooks of the needles run through the focal point of a lens for optical needle monitoring. It is optically generated a signal containing a periodic component in which individual pulses are visible. When a needle is bent, a single pulse will appear a little earlier or a little later. As a result, the time interval to the one neighboring pulse is shortened and increased to the other neighboring pulse. If a needle is missing, the time interval between two successive pulses is doubled from the normal value. In this way, the monitoring of the needles is attributed to a time measurement.
- DD 274 455 Al proposes needle monitoring by deriving signal pulses from the individual needles and converting them into digital signals. For each needle, a comparison is made between a stored and a current signal value. If the signals are outside a predetermined value range, an error signal is generated.
- DE-OS 20 40 515 proposes to scan the needles with photoelectric Tastk ⁇ pfen and to check the number of resulting pulses.
- a preset counter is used, which is preset to the desired number of needles. He counts the needle pulses backwards. If the preselection counter does not reach the desired value (zero) after one or more machine revolutions, an alarm signal is generated.
- the latter method is insensitive to variations in engine speed. Also, needle vibrations that shorten or lengthen the interval between successive needle pulses during one machine revolution can hardly result in machine shutdowns.
- the method is only applicable if the needle number of the machine is known. Also, a missing or bent needle will only be detected after one complete machine revolution. In the worst case, multiple machine revolutions are required to capture. However, the goal is to capture errors as quickly as possible.
- individual signal pulses are generated by optical monitoring whenever a needle or a hook moves through the field of view of the optical sensor.
- the time intervals between the individual successive signal pulses are registered. If the time interval between two current signal pulses is substantially greater or substantially less than the time interval between two previously occurring needle pulses, an alarm signal is generated. In other words, it is monitored whether a current time interval is not substantially greater or less than one (or more) of the previous time intervals.
- the temporal deviation of the time intervals from each other must therefore not exceed a certain limit.
- two limit factors p 0 and p u can be defined, for example 1.2 and 0.8 (ie 120% and 80%). Thus, speed variations of the knitting machine can be tolerated.
- the intervals between the signal pulses change as they become smaller and smaller.
- the decrease in the time intervals from signal pulse to signal pulse is relatively manageable and usually does not exceed the level of, for example, 20%.
- a needle breaks or bends strongly, a large deviation occurs at each rotational speed between the corresponding time interval caused by the bent needle and the previous interval. This can be used to generate an alarm signal.
- a needle breaks, a signal pulse is generated only by the following needle. By the failure of a pulse is thus a time interval doubled, which is clearly above the above limit, for example, set to 20% time deviation limit.
- Bent or broken needles are thus reliably detectable regardless of the insensitivity of the method according to the invention against fluctuations in speed. Furthermore, a failed needle is immediately detectable. There is no need to wait for a machine cycle.
- the mentioned limit factors can be determined depending on the operating state of the knitting machine. For example, they can be changed when starting the machine by increasing the upper limit factor and decreasing the lower limit factor. This increases the permissible tolerance for the time intervals. In stationary operation, the differences between the two limiting factors can be reduced, which narrows the tolerance interval. This allows bent needles to be detected at a very early stage of their deformation and wear.
- the cutoff factors can be set symmetrically (e.g., 0.8 and 1.2, which equals ⁇ 20%) or also asymmetrically (e.g., 0.9 and 1.3, which equals -10% and + 30%, respectively).
- the number of signal pulses occurring per machine revolution for example, to count.
- the number can be compared with a predetermined target number. If a deviation occurs, an alarm signal can be generated. It is also possible to generate the alarm signal only if the deviation persists over several machine revolutions.
- the desired number is determined in a test run. It is neither necessary nor appropriate to register the signal pattern generated by the needles.
- the signal pattern may vary from cycle to cycle as a result of needle oscillations and as a result of the thread moving from the needles. However, it is not necessary to vary the number of detected needles, ie the number of detected signal pulses, which is reliably monitored by the present method.
- the switching thresholds for the signal transformation of the Analogsig- dynamically adapt to the digital signal For example, an optionally weighted average of the average amplitude value of one or more preceding signal pulses can be used to form an average value to be expected for the next signal pulse.
- the lower trigger threshold for signal shaping can be determined by subtracting a fixed amount from this expected mean value.
- the upper trigger threshold for signal shaping can be determined by adding a fixed amount to the expected average.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a group of needles of a knitting machine with an associated monitoring device.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a sequence of needles and the pulses derived therefrom.
- FIG. 3 shows a sequence of needles with a broken needle and the pulses derived therefrom;
- Figure 4 shows a series of needles with missing needles and the pulses derived therefrom and
- Figure 5 shows a series of needles and the analog signals generated by them.
- a knitting machine 1 in the form of a circular knitting machine with needles 2 on a needle cylinder 3 is schematized to the extreme.
- the needles 2 is associated with an optical monitoring device 4, to which an optical head 5 and an evaluation device 6 belong.
- the head 5 is e.g. connected via an optical fiber 6 to a light source 7 to send a light beam to the passing needles or their hooks or heads.
- the light beam may be light with a particular frequency, the light receiver is then set to this frequency to avoid extraneous light interference. Also, pulsed and / or modulated light can be used to avoid external light interference. Only the received light, which corresponds to the transmitted light, is then evaluated.
- optical fibers and a head 5 having a front outer diameter of, for example, only 1 to 2 mm it is possible to position the sensor in inaccessible places of the knitting machine.
- a sensor head in which the two optical fibers together have a diameter of only about 0.5 mm. This makes the monitored area very small. Even with very small needles, this ensures that only a single needle head is monitored.
- the sensor heads are brought very close to the needle heads.
- the distance is for example only 0.2 to 0.5 mm. This gives a high received signal strength.
- another sensor at a distance of e.g. to provide ten needles on the circumference of the knitting machine.
- Other sensors may be provided at further intervals. Are e.g. If two sensors are provided, past which the needles pass in succession, it can be provided that the machine only stops if both sensors transmit the same error message one after the other.
- the evaluation device 6 is connected via an optical fiber 9 to the head 5.
- the evaluation device 6 includes one or more displays 10 and one or more input means, for example in the form of a keypad 11. It also contains not further illustrated electronic processing means, for example in the form of hardware and software, one or more processors, signal formers and the like. Means as may be provided by those skilled in the implementation of the functions described below:
- FIG. 2 illustrates a series of intact needles 2. These generate at the head 5 an analog signal AS which can be derived, for example, from the light intensity received by the head 5. Each light reflection of the needles 2 then generates a corresponding signal tip. This is converted by a signal shaper to the signal pulses S 1 to S n illustrated below.
- the Time intervals T 1 to T n between the individual signal pulses S 1 to S n when the knitting cylinder 3 rotates at a uniform speed and the needles 2 are perfectly in tact, completely identical to each other.
- the evaluation device now monitors the time intervals T 1 to T n continuously. It qualifies a received signal pulse S, then as a valid sequence pulse Sj for a previous signal pulse S M , when the time interval T is substantially as long as the time interval T 1-1 . This is the case when:
- time interval Ti can be at least 80% of the time interval Tj -1 and at most 120% of the time interval TM.
- the signal pulse Si is qualified as a valid signal pulse and no alarm signal is generated. This pulse is counted, for example.
- corresponding error signals can be derived from a plurality of sensors which are arranged at different points of the circumference of the knitting machine, wherein a valid error signal is only generated if all sensors for the same needle position generate an error signal.
- an alarm signal is only generated when the signal pulse that is outside the time window or repeats itself at the same position or needle position during the following machine revolution.
- time interval TV 1 used for the comparison
- another reference time value can also be used, which is calculated, for example, from a plurality of preceding time intervals. The calculation can be carried out, for example, by calculating an arithmetic mean, a weighted mean or another comparison value.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a needle sequence 2 'in which a needle 2a is partially damaged, eg broken off.
- the corresponding analog signal AS falls below an upper threshold in this case.
- a corresponding digital signal pulse is not generated.
- the time interval T 5 is twice as large as the time interval T 4 . This large deviation is no longer tolerated.
- the limit p 0 is exceeded and an alarm signal is generated.
- the evaluation device 6 may have a sensor, which is not further illustrated, or may be connected to such a sensor, which in each case delivers a pulse at each rotation of the needle cylinder 3 at a defined point. This can be one pulse per revolution or even several pulses per revolution of the knitting cylinder. If the number of pulses counted per revolution deviates from a desired number Z, an alarm signal can be generated. This can in turn be displayed on a display of the evaluation device 6 or forwarded for further processing in a network wired or wireless.
- the desired number Z can be entered by the operator, for example via the keypad 11. However, it is also possible to start a learning mode of the evaluation device 6 via the keypad 11, in which the evaluation device 6 the Number of needles automatically detected. This can happen, for example, in a test run over one or more revolutions. The number of needles recorded in the test run with an intact machine is then stored as a setpoint Z.
- the needle cylinder 3 is not completely populated with needles or there are intentionally larger gaps between individual needles.
- the evaluation device 6 may be modified so that it interrupts the needle monitoring at the predetermined selected location.
- An illustration of the corresponding procedure is given in FIG.
- the sequence of needles 2 has two gaps L 1 , L 2 .
- the needles and the associated analog signals AS, as well as the signal pulses S are designated merely by their index positions 1, 2, 3, etc.
- the needles are missing at the index positions 3 and 6. Accordingly, no signal pulses S are present at the index positions 3 and 6. The failure of these pulses would lead according to the description given in connection with Figure 2 for the generation of alarm signals. However, this is avoided in an extended embodiment.
- the index positions at which no needles 2 are present, in the present embodiment, the index positions 3 and 6, are either entered via the keypad 11 in the evaluation device 6 or registered in the test run.
- the corresponding time interval extending from the signal pulse S 2 to the signal pulse S 4 is thus excluded from the test described above.
- the evaluator described so far has several advantages. For one, it is insensitive to speed variations of the knitting machine. On the other hand, it is largely insensitive to influences of the thread and needle vibrations. Furthermore, bent or broken needles can be reliably detected. It is not necessary to store an entire needle pattern. Irregular needle sequences can be monitored by pre-storing the positions of missing needles. This comes with very little storage space. Here, the fact is exploited that needles can be present on the knitting cylinder only according to the predetermined pitch. It is therefore sufficient to store the index position of non-existent needles in order to suppress generation of the alarm signal at this point.
- the amplitude of the signals generated by the sensor is monitored.
- the signal thresholds T1, Tb used for triggering these analog signals are calculated from the signal thresholds and signal average values Tm of preceding pulses.
- the lower trigger limits Tl can be approximated by the two mean signal values Tm of the preceding pulses. This can be done by averaging, for example. For example, the averages of several previous pulses can be added by weight and divided by a factor.
- the lower trigger threshold for shaping the next pulse can be determined by subtracting a fixed amount from this expected average.
- the upper trigger threshold for signal shaping This next pulse can be determined by adding a fixed amount to the expected average. This results in a hysteresis method.
- the switching thresholds T1 and Th are thus set dynamically as a function of the signal amplitude of the preceding pulses. In a circulation of the knitting cylinder regularly occurring fluctuations of the signal amplitudes are thus made ineffective as a disturbance factor.
- the inventive method for monitoring needles of a knitting machine is based on a dynamic definition of the monitored time intervals between individual needle pulses.
- the duration of at least one or more preceding periods between individual signal pulses is taken as a measure of the time interval currently to be evaluated.
- a dynamic determination of the switching thresholds for generating the signal pulses can be made. Again, the amplitude of preceding pulses is analyzed, a trend is determined, and the switching thresholds for generating the current signal pulse are determined from this trend.
- This method can be used to evaluate the pulses generated at all needle positions. If the needle cylinder is intentionally only partially loaded, individual needle positions can be indexed accordingly and excluded from the evaluation. This provides a reliable robust and reliable monitoring method.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Knitting Machines (AREA)
- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/010844 WO2008058550A1 (de) | 2006-11-13 | 2006-11-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur nadel überwachung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2092100A1 true EP2092100A1 (de) | 2009-08-26 |
EP2092100B1 EP2092100B1 (de) | 2010-05-26 |
Family
ID=37836649
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06829013A Active EP2092100B1 (de) | 2006-11-13 | 2006-11-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur nadel überwachung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2092100B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101535545B (de) |
AT (1) | ATE469256T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BRPI0622121B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE502006007062D1 (de) |
TW (1) | TWI335362B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008058550A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010048173B3 (de) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-01-05 | Memminger-Iro Gmbh | Verfahren zur Justierung eines Sensorkopfes einer Nadelüberwachungseinrichtung und Nadelüberwachungseinrichtung |
CN102199843B (zh) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-08-07 | 浙江恒强科技股份有限公司 | 横机撞针检测方法 |
CN102330275A (zh) * | 2011-08-01 | 2012-01-25 | 鲁文杰 | 一种电脑横机故障检测系统 |
CN103225166A (zh) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-07-31 | 慈溪太阳洲纺织科技有限公司 | 圆桶形针织机和圆桶形针织机上的织针损坏监测方法 |
CN103469472B (zh) * | 2013-09-13 | 2016-03-09 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | 针织机织针在线检测装置及检测方法 |
CN104480627A (zh) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-04-01 | 常州市第八纺织机械有限公司 | 铺纬针断针检测系统 |
CN108060507A (zh) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-05-22 | 常州市新创智能科技有限公司 | 纬纱针断针检测装置及其使用方法 |
CN113818141B (zh) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-11-18 | 诸暨市斌果科技有限公司 | 一种基于机器视觉的袜机编织检测系统 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT303949B (de) * | 1968-04-08 | 1972-12-11 | Sick Erwin | Vorrichtung zur Überwachung von Rundstrickmaschinen |
GB1186985A (en) * | 1968-07-22 | 1970-04-08 | Electronit Ltd | Inspection Apparatus in Circular Knitting Machine. |
DE2040515A1 (de) * | 1970-08-14 | 1972-02-17 | Sick Erwin Fa | Nadelueberwachungsvorrichtung fuer Rundstrickmaschinen |
DD264455A1 (de) * | 1985-02-07 | 1989-02-01 | Adw Ddr | Verfahren zur synthese von chymosin |
DD246576A1 (de) * | 1986-03-25 | 1987-06-10 | Univ Dresden Tech | Schaltungsanordnung zur nadelkontrolle |
DE19924924A1 (de) * | 1999-05-31 | 2000-12-07 | Herbst Protechna Gmbh | Lichtabtastkopf für Nadeln in Strickmaschinen, zugehöriges Lichtabtastsystem und Verfahren zum Überprüfen von Nadeln in Strickmaschinen mit dem Lichtabtastsystem |
DE10112795A1 (de) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-26 | Iro Ab | Verfahren zur Produktionsüberwachungs/Einstellung einer Strickmaschine, und Produktionsüberwachungs/Einstellungs-Vorrichtung |
ITTO20020075A1 (it) * | 2002-01-28 | 2003-07-28 | Lgl Electronics Spa | ,,metodo e dispositivo di misura del consumo del filo di trama inserito a mezzo di alimentatori di trama nelle macchine tessili; specialment |
DE10228794A1 (de) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-15 | Iropa Ag | Fadenverarbeitendes System und Verfahren zum Steuern und/oder Überwachen des Systems |
CN2787699Y (zh) * | 2005-04-30 | 2006-06-14 | 富胜精密机械(绍兴)有限公司 | 织袜机探针器 |
-
2006
- 2006-11-13 WO PCT/EP2006/010844 patent/WO2008058550A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-11-13 DE DE502006007062T patent/DE502006007062D1/de active Active
- 2006-11-13 AT AT06829013T patent/ATE469256T1/de active
- 2006-11-13 CN CN2006800563310A patent/CN101535545B/zh active Active
- 2006-11-13 EP EP06829013A patent/EP2092100B1/de active Active
- 2006-11-13 BR BRPI0622121A patent/BRPI0622121B1/pt active IP Right Grant
-
2007
- 2007-11-12 TW TW096142598A patent/TWI335362B/zh active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2008058550A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101535545A (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
ATE469256T1 (de) | 2010-06-15 |
TWI335362B (en) | 2011-01-01 |
CN101535545B (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
TW200839049A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
BRPI0622121B1 (pt) | 2016-12-27 |
BRPI0622121A2 (pt) | 2011-12-27 |
EP2092100B1 (de) | 2010-05-26 |
WO2008058550A1 (de) | 2008-05-22 |
DE502006007062D1 (de) | 2010-07-08 |
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