Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
  • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
  • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
  • Y10T156/1043—Subsequent to assembly
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree

Definitions

• the invention relates to a laminating film which comprises a plurality of layers for at least partially coating a cold-formable metal substrate, and to a method for producing a three-dimensional metal article.
• films and methods of this type are known from DE 196 10 028 A1.
• films are used with a three-layer film structure for the permanent coating of substrates such as sheets or plates, wherein the composite formed in a bending, stamping, edge grinding, crimping or deep drawing process is post-processed.
• the film has an outer layer of linear polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate, or of polymethylmethacrylate, and a contact layer adjacent to the substrate formed of or containing polypropylene. Between the outer layer and the contact layer is an adhesive layer.
• the film is applied to a cleaned surface of the substrate by means of a primer and / or an adhesion promoter.
• optically variable security and / or decoration elements are now attached, which can be made visually appealing and offer a much higher protection against imitation.
• Optically variable securing and / or decorative elements give the viewer an optically variable effect or a different visual appearance.
• optically variable effect is generally referred to a changing optical appearance depending on the angle, wherein different information contents, images and / or color changes can be Visible.
• Decoration elements to be equipped. After the application of a conventional laminating film containing optically variable securing and / or decorative elements, a pronounced crack sensitivity of the laminating film was observed during the cold forming of the metal substrate, which interferes with the optically variable effect and thus adversely affects the visual appearance of the decorated metal article.
• the laminating film which comprises a plurality of layers and which is provided for at least partially coating a cold-formable metal substrate, in that the laminating film comprises in this order a transparent carrier film, a transparent resist layer containing a diffractive relief structure, and a reflection layer the transparent carrier film is formed from a thermoplastic material, wherein the carrier film has a film thickness in the range of 19 to 75 .mu.m, wherein the carrier film at least in one direction has a modulus of elasticity in the range of 3500 to 5000 N / mm 2 , and wherein the transparent lacquer layer has a modulus of elasticity which differs from the modulus of elasticity of the carrier film by a maximum of 10%, in particular by less than 5%.
• the laminating film according to the invention accordingly has a special carrier film and a new type of film adapted to its expansion behavior
• Lacquer layer containing diffractive relief structures Investigations have surprisingly shown that in the cold working of such a metal substrate laminating film composite, no cracking occurs in the reflective layer of the laminating film which adversely affects the visual appearance of the reformed laminating film.
• the modulus of elasticity of the carrier foil is determined according to ISO 527-1-2.
• the test speed is 1% / min at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity.
• the carrier film has an anisotropic elastic modulus.
• a cold forming is understood to mean a deformation of the metal substrate below the recrystallization temperature of the metal from which the metal substrate is formed.
• thermoplastic polyester in particular PET, polyolefin and polyamide have proven.
• the carrier film has a film thickness in the range of 23 to 36 ⁇ m.
• the carrier film preferably has an elongation at break in a longitudinal direction in the range of 170 to 230%, in particular of about 200%, and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction an elongation at break relative to its initial width in the range of 80 to 150%, in particular of about 115 %, on.
• the elongation at break of the carrier film is determined according to ISO 527-1-2.
• the test speed is 1% / min at 23 ° C and 50% relative humidity.
• the diffractive relief structure forming a hologram in particular a 3D / 2D hologram or a dot-matrix hologram or a Kinegram ®.
• a diffractive Re running structure is embossed into the transparent lacquer layer preferably by means of a correspondingly structured embossing roll or a stamping die.
• thermoplastic or UV-curing lacquer layers are preferably used.
• a diffractive relief structure can be found in the transparent lacquer layer but also be formed via a photolithographic process.
• the laminating film according to the invention is preferably produced in a continuous process, in which the carrier film is transported from roll to roll.
• the transparent resist layer is applied to the carrier film and provided with diffractive relief structures, the reflective layer applied, usually by vapor deposition or sputtering, and finally optionally applied an adhesive layer.
• the adhesive layer is formed with an adhesive application amount in the range of 5 to 20 g / m 2 , in particular in the range of 7 to 9 g / m 2 .
• an adhesive layer in particular with a layer thickness in the range of 8 to 10 microns, a punctual, sudden increase in shear forces during the forming process is avoided in combination with the special carrier film described above and the special paint layer.
• the adhesive layer is a hot-melt adhesive layer, but cold-adhesive layers can also be used.
• the adhesive layer is preferably applied to the metal substrate and the laminating film is thus fixed on the metal substrate.
• the transparent carrier film and / or the lacquer layer can be used dyed.
• the lamination layer may also comprise further layers which serve decorative and / or functional purposes.
• a colored, transparent or opaque printed image may be formed by means of a respective colored lacquer layer.
• colored lacquer layers have a similar tensile and elongation behavior as the transparent lacquer layer and / or in individual, non-contiguous pattern surfaces are formed so that cracks in a colored lacquer layer either does not occur or at least not visually appear.
• As functional layers it is furthermore possible to provide transparent adhesion promoter layers, filling layers, filter layers and the like.
• the at least one transparent lacquer layer which has the diffractive relief structure has a layer thickness in the range from 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m, in particular in the range from 1 to 2 ⁇ m.
• the carrier film is treated by means of a corona discharge at least on one side, in particular on the side on which the lacquer layer is arranged.
• the reflection layer has a layer thickness in the range of 5 to 15 nm, in particular in the range of 7 to 9 nm.
• the reflection layer is formed from metal or a metal alloy.
• Metallic reflection layers are particularly ductile and thus easily stretchable, so that no optical
• Deterioration of the appearance of the laminating film occurs after forming the metal substrate.
• Metallic reflection layers give the diffractive relief structure a particularly high luminosity and reproduce the optically variable effects particularly well.
• the reflection layer is formed from a high-index dielectric material (HRI material), such as T ⁇ O2, ZnS, or ZrÜ2. These materials are usually transparent so that the underlying adhesive layer or, if transparent, the metal substrate comes to light. In the case of a dielectric reflection layer, colored adhesive layers have also proven useful.
• HRI material high-index dielectric material
• the reflection layer can generally be formed over the entire surface or only partially on the transparent lacquer layer.
• an embodiment of the reflection layer in the form of a motif, an image, alphanumeric characters, symbols and / or a grid, in particular in the form of a dot or line grid or a grayscale raster image has proven itself.
• a line-shaped formation of a dielectric reflection layer, wherein the lines are aligned substantially perpendicular to the direction of stretching of the laminating film during forming may be advantageous.
• a total thickness of the laminating film without an adhesive layer is preferably in the range of 20 to 30 ⁇ m.
• the object is further achieved by a method for producing a three-dimensional metal article with the following steps: - Providing a composite of a laminating film according to the invention and a metal substrate;
• the method enables the formation of three-dimensional metal articles having a decorated surface that is decorated by the laminating film. It shows in areas where the observer's view of the diffractive relief structure is possible, an optically variable effect.
• a use of aluminum sheet, tinplate or sheet steel as a metal substrate has been proven. Particularly preferred are planar metal substrates in a layer thickness in the range of 0.2 to 5 mm.
• the metal substrate can be covered on all sides with the laminating film on at least one side. However, the metal substrate can also be covered on at least one side only in regions, in particular pattern-shaped, with the laminating film. In particular, areas of the metal substrate that during forming a particularly strong deformation experience, or areas of the metal substrate, which after forming a strong curvature, in particular in the range of> 90 °, recessed.
• a use of a laminate of a planar metal substrate with a laminating film according to the invention for producing a three-dimensional metal article decorated with the laminating film is ideal.
• FIGS. 1a to 2b are intended to illustrate a laminating film according to the invention and a method according to the invention by way of example. So shows
• FIG. 1 a shows a cross section through a composite of a metal substrate and a laminating film
• FIG. 1b shows a cross section through a metal article formed by deformation of the composite according to FIG. 1a;
• Figure 2a shows a cross section through another composite of a metal substrate and a laminating film
• FIG. 2b shows a cross section through a metal article formed by deformation of the composite according to FIG. 2a.
• FIG. 1a shows a cross section through a composite of a planar metal substrate 1 and a laminating film 2 according to the invention
• Laminierfolie 2 here comprises an adhesive layer 4, a reflective layer 5, a transparent resist layer 7 containing a diffractive relief structure 6, and a transparent carrier film 8. Between the resist layer 7 and the Carrier sheet 8 may be provided a primer layer, not shown here.
• the adhesive layer 4 is a hot-melt adhesive layer which is firmly bonded to a surface of the metal substrate 1. At this time, the laminating film 2 completely covers one side of the metal substrate 1.
• the reflection layer 5 is formed of aluminum and evaporated in a layer thickness of 8 nm on the transparent resist layer 7.
• the transparent lacquer layer 7 is applied to the carrier layer in a layer thickness of 1.5 ⁇ m, and the diffractive relief structure 6 is embossed into the transparent lacquer layer 7.
• the transparent lacquer layer 7 has the following composition here:
• the carrier film 8 is formed from a stretched polyester film and has a layer thickness of 23 microns.
• the metal substrate 1 is made of aluminum.
• FIG. 1 b shows a cross section through a metal article 3 formed from the composite according to FIG. 1 a after cold forming.
• the metal substrate 1 including the laminating film 2 was three-dimensionally deformed to form a cap-shaped metal article 3.
• the laminating film 2 was stretched together with the metal substrate 1 and now completely covers the outer surface of the metal article 3 or the cap, the diffractive structure 6, not shown here, being visible through the carrier film 8 and the transparent lacquer layer 7 and having an optically variable effect shows.
• the optically variable effect can already appear in the undeformed laminating film 2 or only after the forming of the finished metal article 3.
• FIG. 2 a shows a cross section through a further composite of a metal substrate 1 and a laminating film 2, the structure of the composite corresponding to that described in FIG. 1 a.
• the laminating film 2 only partially covers one side of the metal substrate 1.
• the composite according to FIG. 2a is now cold-formed into a metal article, here by deep-drawing.
• FIG. 2b shows a cross section through a metal article 3 formed from the composite according to FIG. 2a after cold forming.
• the metal substrate 1 including the laminating film 2 was three-dimensionally deformed to form a cap-shaped metal article 3.
• the laminating film 2 has been stretched together with the metal substrate 1 and now partially covers the outer surface of the metal article 3 or the cap, wherein the diffractive structure 6, not shown here, is visible through the carrier film 8 and the transparent lacquer layer 7 and has an optically variable effect shows. Of the Optically variable effect can already occur in the undeformed laminating film 2 or only after the forming of the finished metal article 3.
• the reflection layer may be formed only partially on the transparent lacquer layer, there may be further transparent lacquer layers containing diffractive structures, further reflection layers, further optionally colored lacquer layers, adhesion promoter layers or adhesive layers.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Wrappers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2006
  • 2006-11-25 DE DE102006055740A patent/DE102006055740B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-11-22 EP EP07856210A patent/EP2091730A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-11-22 ZA ZA200903240A patent/ZA200903240B/xx unknown
  • 2007-11-22 JP JP2009537542A patent/JP5276596B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-11-22 WO PCT/EP2007/010104 patent/WO2008061743A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2007-11-22 US US12/312,707 patent/US20100055359A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-11-22 KR KR1020097013130A patent/KR101414863B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-11-22 RU RU2009124141/05A patent/RU2443563C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-11-22 CN CN2007800434653A patent/CN101563224B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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