Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
  • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
  • G07C9/22—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder
  • G07C9/25—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition
  • G07C9/257—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition electronically
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
  • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
  • E05B2047/0048—Circuits, feeding, monitoring
  • E05B2047/0057—Feeding
  • E05B2047/0064—Feeding by solar cells
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T70/00—Locks
  • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
  • Y10T70/7051—Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
  • Y10T70/7062—Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]
  • Y10T70/7136—Key initiated actuation of device

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for access control with an electrically operated lock and a key, wherein the lock and / or the key has a power supply.
• Electrical or electronic locks in particular cylinder locks, usually contain, in addition to mechanical locks, which are mechanically lockable with conventional keys, at least one electromagnetically or motor-operated locking mechanism, which is released only after an identification test.
• the electronic circuit for identification verification acts here mostly with suitable identification media without contact or by means of contacts, wherein in the electronic evaluation circuit a check is made whether the respective identification medium has the authorization to lock the lock. After successful verification of the identity then the release of the lock takes place.
• Electric or electronic locks can now be powered in any way with energy.
• the lock or the key has a converter for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
• Such transducers are designed for example as an electric generator and comprise a magnetic circuit and an induction coil penetrated by its magnetic flux, wherein the magnetic circuit or the induction coil is designed as a movable component and the respective other part as a stationary component.
• an induction voltage is induced by the movement of the movably arranged component in the induction system.
• Such a design ensures a self-sufficient energy supply since the electrical energy generated can be temporarily stored in an energy store and, if necessary, made available to the electrical circuit for the indentification test or for the electrical actuation of the lock.
• Flywheel generators are not useful, for example, for locks arranged in a stationary manner, as the flywheel can not be easily set in motion when external actuators are to be dispensed with. Flywheel generators are at best suitable for the integration of a key, as the flywheel in this case, similar to wristwatches, is set in motion by the constant Mittragen and the resulting mechanical shocks. Another disadvantage of flywheel generators is the relatively inefficient operation, since the storage of the flywheel brings significant friction losses.
• the present invention therefore aims to provide an energy converter which can be used, for example, for keys or lock cylinders, wherein the current generated by the energy converter should ensure a constant power supply of the electrically operated lock or the key.
• the device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the power supply has at least one thin-film solar cell which is located on a surface exposed to light or under an energy permeable surface of the lock, the key and / or an electrically connected to the lock part or is applied or this forms, wherein the thin-film solar cell is formed as an organic solar cell, as a dye solar cell or as a polymer or polymer plastic solar cell.
• Thin-film solar cells are particularly well suited for mounting or attachment to surfaces of the lock, the key and / or a part electrically connected to the lock or under corresponding energy-permeable surfaces, since they have a high efficiency and can be used anywhere, where energy exists in the form of light.
• thin-film solar cells can be easily applied to any surfaces, such as locks or keys, flexible structures also being possible.
• the thin-film solar cells can be applied directly to corresponding surfaces, for example by vapor deposition, or finished modules can be mounted on suitable surfaces or under energy-transmissive surfaces.
• Thin-film solar cells come in different variations depending on the substrate and deposited materials. The range of physical properties and the range of efficiencies is correspondingly large. Thin-film cells differ from traditional solar cells primarily in their production and are produced, for example, by vapor deposition of appropriate semiconductor materials on the surfaces of the lock, the key and / or a part electrically connected to the lock. As a result, a wide range of application in locking technical products is guaranteed. Direct semiconductors absorb sunlight in layer thicknesses of only 10 ⁇ m. These thin-film cells are usually applied directly to a support by deposition from the gas phase. This can be glass, sheet metal, plastic or other material.
• CIS cells copper indium diselenide or copper indium disulfide
• CIGS cells copper indium gallium diselenide
• a CIS cell has a thickness of less than 5 .mu.m, the resources being spared due to the small layer thickness and, given a corresponding number of pieces, more cost-effective production than is possible with thick-film technology.
• the thin-film solar cell may be formed as a dye solar cell.
• Electrochemical dye solar cells use for the absorption of light not a semiconductor material, but organic dyes, such as the leaf dye chlorophyll.
• the known as Grätzel cell dye cell is usually made of two planar glass electrodes with a spacing of typically 20 to 40 microns. The two electrodes are coated on the inside with a transparent electrically conductive layer, such as FTO (fluorinated doped Tinn Oxide), which has a thickness of typically 0.5 microns.
• FTO fluorinated doped Tinn Oxide
• the two electrodes are called according to their function working electrode (generation of electrons) and counter electrode. On the working electrode is applied in the range of 10 microns thick nanoporous layer of titanium dioxide.
• a monolayer of a light-sensitive dye is adsorbed.
• On the counter electrode is a few microns thick catalytic layer (usually platinum).
• the area between the two electrodes is filled with a redox electrolyte, eg a solution of iodine and potassium iodide.
• the dye Upon incident light, the dye is chemically excited and injects electrons into the semiconductor material TiO 2 . From there they migrate to the working electrode (cathode) and via an external circuit to the counter electrode (anode).
• the dye is again reduced by the iodide, which thereby oxidizes to iodine.
• the resulting iodine is again reduced to iodide at the anode with the electron. It
• an internal circuit is formed via the electrolyte as well as an external circuit via the flowing electrons.
• the dye solar cell can also use diffused light well in comparison to the conventional solar cells. Currently, an efficiency of up to 11.2% is possible.
• the thin-film solar cell can be applied to a surface of an actuator for the lock, in particular a door knob.
• the application may in this case be mounted directly on an outer surface of the actuator as well as under a correspondingly energy-permeable cover layer of the actuator.
• a completely integrated and compact design succeeds, wherein the thin-film solar cell is electrically connected directly to a in the actuator or electrically connected to the actuator cylinder arranged power storage, so that the lock is equipped with a completely self-sufficient power supply.
• a further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the thin-film solar cell is applied to a surface of a door fitting electrically connected to the lock.
• the door fitting here provides space for the largest possible application of thin-film solar cells, so that a corresponding amount of electricity can be generated.
• the thin-film solar cells can in this case be applied to the outer fitting and / or to the inner fitting, wherein an application to the inner fitting offers effective protection against sabotage or vandalism.
• the solar cell can be mounted on the surface of the fitting, form the surface of the fitting or be arranged under an energy-permeable cover of the fitting, the latter possibility ensuring particularly sabotage and vandal-proof placement.
• the thin-film solar cell does not necessarily have to be applied to the lock itself, but can also be attached to a
• the thin-film solar cell is arranged on an electronic key and / or under an energy-transmissive surface of the key.
• the power supplied by the thin-film solar cell can serve both the supply of the key electronics, as well as the supply of the castle.
• the energy stored in the key is transmitted from the key to the lock electronics during an electrical contact operation of the lock made during the closing operation.
• the erfindunbe arrangement of the thin-film solar cell allows depending on the power consumption of the connected electronics a constant power supply. To increase the reliability, however, it is preferably provided that the power supply has a rechargeable power storage, which is powered by the solar cell.
• FIG. 1 shows a fitting with a polymer solar cell
• FIG. 2 shows a lock cylinder with a silicon solar cell attached to the front side
• FIG. 3 shows an electronic key with a dye solar cell
• FIG. 4 shows a key with an organic solar cell
• FIG electronic Key in card form with a flexible thin-film solar cell
• Fig. 6 a door knob with an organic solar cell
• Fig. 7 a wall scanner with plastic polymer solar cells.
• an outer fitting with 1 and an inner fitting is denoted by 2, which are held together by connecting pins 3.
• the door handles for actuating the closing member are denoted by 4 and 5.
• polymer solar cells 6 are arranged, wherein the solar cells 6 may be vapor-deposited on the surface of the fitting, for example.
• the solar cell can be attached to the fitting surface, or even form the fitting surface itself.
• the solar cell can also be arranged below an energy-transmitting surface, for example a transparent surface of the fitting.
• a lock cylinder 7 is shown with a key channel 8 and an actuator 9.
• the solar cell 10 is in this case attached to the front side of the cylinder, wherein the attachment to the inside and / or outside can be done.
• the solar cell 10 is preferably designed as a thin-film silicon solar cell.
• a solar cell 11 is arranged in an electronic key 12, wherein the electronic key 12 is designed in this case as a carrier for an electronic code.
• the solar cell 11 may in this case be designed as a dye solar cell and be arranged, for example, under the energy-permeable housing 12 of the electronic key.
• the solar cell 11 may be attached to the front and / or back of the electronic key 12.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 4 essentially corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, wherein, in addition to the part 13 of the key containing the electronic key, a mecha- nisch effective key 14 is provided.
• the solar cell is in turn arranged in the plastic grip part 13, wherein here again a transparent plastic window can be provided, under which the solar cell 15, in the present case, for example, an organic solar cell can be arranged.
• an electronic key 16 is shown, which is designed in the form of a check card.
• the check card 16 is formed for example as a transponder card and contains an electronic key.
• the built-in solar cell is flexible, so that it is not destroyed in a bending of the plastic card.
• the schematically indicated solar cell may be formed, for example, as a flexible organic solar cell and applied to the surface of the check card 16.
• a lock cylinder 18 is shown with a knob 19 attached thereto, wherein a solar cell 20 is integrated into the knob 19.
• the integration can take place, for example, such that a flexible organic solar cell is arranged under a transparent plastic material of the knob.
• a flexible thin-film solar cell can emulate very well the cylindrical shape of the knob.
• a wall scanner which is electrically connected to a lock.
• the wall scanner 20 may for example be designed as a reading device for a transponder key and has a surface on which, for example, plastic polymer solar cells 21 may be applied.
• the energy supplied by the solar cell 21 serves in this case for the power supply of the reading electronics, wherein optionally display elements 22 can be provided, which are formed for example by LEDs and are also fed by the current of the solar cell 21.
• the light emitted by the solar cell 21 Current can also be supplied to the electric lock with which the reading unit 20 is electrically connected.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
• Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
• Hybrid Cells (AREA)
• Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 2006
  • 2006-08-07 AT AT0131606A patent/AT502682B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2007
  • 2007-07-20 US US12/309,958 patent/US20090295535A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-07-20 WO PCT/AT2007/000357 patent/WO2008017087A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2007-07-20 EP EP07784587A patent/EP2052367A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-07-20 US US12/309,960 patent/US20090183542A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-07-20 JP JP2009523105A patent/JP2010500486A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-07-20 EP EP07784588A patent/EP2052368A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-07-20 RU RU2009108339/08A patent/RU2009108339A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2007-07-20 JP JP2009523104A patent/JP2010500485A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-07-20 RU RU2009108340/08A patent/RU2009108340A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2007-07-20 WO PCT/AT2007/000356 patent/WO2008017086A1/de active Application Filing
• 2009
  • 2009-03-05 NO NO20090991A patent/NO20090991L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2009-03-05 NO NO20090990A patent/NO20090990L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

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