WO2014067871A1 - Organisches optoelektronisches bauelement und verfahren zum betrieb des organischen optoelektronischen bauelements - Google Patents
Organisches optoelektronisches bauelement und verfahren zum betrieb des organischen optoelektronischen bauelements Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014067871A1 WO2014067871A1 PCT/EP2013/072394 EP2013072394W WO2014067871A1 WO 2014067871 A1 WO2014067871 A1 WO 2014067871A1 EP 2013072394 W EP2013072394 W EP 2013072394W WO 2014067871 A1 WO2014067871 A1 WO 2014067871A1
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- organic light
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- light detecting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K65/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element and at least one organic radiation-sensitive element, e.g. organic opto-couplers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/60—Circuit arrangements for operating LEDs comprising organic material, e.g. for operating organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
- H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
- H10K2102/3031—Two-side emission, e.g. transparent OLEDs [TOLED]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
- H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
- H10K2102/3035—Edge emission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/141—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aliphatic or olefinic chains, e.g. poly N-vinylcarbazol, PVC or PTFE
- H10K85/146—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aliphatic or olefinic chains, e.g. poly N-vinylcarbazol, PVC or PTFE poly N-vinylcarbazol; Derivatives thereof
Definitions
- Organic optoelectronic component and method for operating the organic optoelectronic component
- Light sources which corresponds to long-term processes. Changes in the ambient conditions with regard to the lighting, for example, occur when the light incidence through windows in a lighted room at different times of day.
- Area light sources such as an organic light
- OLED organic light emitting diode
- Processing the luminance in the sum decreases with time.
- the decrease in luminance may be due to elevated temperatures that occur during operation and may damage the organic materials.
- the radiated light from the light source In order to keep the luminance constant in the environment of a light source such as a surface light source with time, the radiated light from the light source
- the light source due to a measurement signal of one or more switched externally
- Sensors are controlled, regulated.
- external sensors for example, photodiodes, photoconductors,
- Radiation power can be used at a preselected location, which can be part of a controller of the light source via an external wiring or interconnection.
- a preselected location which can be part of a controller of the light source via an external wiring or interconnection.
- At least one object of certain embodiments is to provide an organic optoelectronic device. At least one more task of certain
- Embodiments are to specify a method for operating an organic optoelectronic component. These tasks are covered by an object and a
- an organic optoelectronic component has at least one organic light-emitting element which has an organic light-emitting element
- the at least one organic light-emitting element is designed as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), which can emit visible light through the electrodes during operation.
- OLED organic light-emitting diode
- the organic optoelectronic component furthermore has at least one organic light detecting element.
- the organic optoelectronic component has a common substrate for the at least one organic light-emitting element and the at least one organic light-detecting element, which in particular on the
- common substrate are arranged in laterally adjacent surface areas.
- the organic light-emitting element and the organic light-detecting element are further arranged in a same plane by the common arrangement on the same substrate in laterally adjacent surface areas, wherein the organic light-emitting element and the organic light detecting element each directly adjacent to the substrate.
- the common substrate may in particular be the only one
- Substrate of the organic optoelectronic device be.
- the functional layer stacks and the electrodes of the organic light-emitting and light-detecting elements of the organic optoelectronic component are applied successively or simultaneously, in particular on the common substrate, so that the common substrate is the substrate which is the substrate
- the organic light-emitting and light-detecting elements are not formed on their own substrates and then placed on the common substrate, but fabricated on the common substrate.
- no further substrate is arranged between the common substrate and the organic functional layers of the organic light-emitting and light-detecting elements.
- lateral here and in the following denotes a direction parallel to the main extension plane of the common substrate, so that a lateral direction is, for example, perpendicular to the stacking direction of the electrodes and the
- directed organic functional layer stack of at least one organic light-emitting element of at least one organic light-emitting element.
- the at least one organic light-emitting element is transparent and configured to emit light through the substrate and in a direction away from the substrate. In other words, this is at least one organic light-emitting element as transparent OLED and emitting on both sides with two emission sides
- At least one light-emitting layer may be formed when viewed from the side opposite to the substrate.
- the substrate is transparent.
- both electrodes are transparent or at least in a partial region permeable to light.
- transparent is here and below a layer which may also have a sequence of layers, which is permeable to visible light, whereby the transparent layer may be clear translucent or at least partially light-scattering and / or partial light
- a transparent layer for example, also diffuse or milky
- the transparent common substrate may, for example, comprise or be made of a transparent plastic.
- the transparent common substrate in the form of a glass plate or glass layer or in the form of a plastic plate, plastic layer or
- Laminate be formed with at least one glass layer and at least one plastic layer.
- a transparent electrode may be made of or have a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), Further, a transparent electrode may comprise a transparent metal, that is, a metal having a thickness that is sufficiently small that the Electrode for light at least partially
- TCO transparent conductive oxide
- a transparent electrode may comprise a transparent metal, that is, a metal having a thickness that is sufficiently small that the Electrode for light at least partially
- a transparent electrode may also be designed as a ring contact.
- ring contact any shape of an electrode is here and hereinafter referred to as one of electrode material in the lateral direction
- an example U-shaped electrode may fall under the term ring contact.
- an electrode referred to as ring contact may also have a plurality of openings.
- a transparent electrode for example metallic
- the at least one organic light detecting element is selected from at least a first organic light detecting element and at least a second one
- the at least one organic light detecting element may be configured to convert light incident on the at least one organic light detecting layer into an electrically measurable signal, such as voltage, current or electrical resistance.
- the at least one organic light detecting element comprises or is at least a first organic light detecting element.
- the at least one first organic light detecting element comprises or is at least a first organic light detecting element.
- Element is designed to detect ambient light.
- the at least one organic light detecting element comprises or is at least a second organic light detecting element.
- the at least one organic light-detecting layer of the at least one second organic light-detecting element is arranged between two non-transparent layers, which detect the at least one light-detecting layer
- Shadow layer of the at least one second light detecting element from ambient light To effectively shadow the at least one organic light
- detecting layer preferably arranged in the stacking direction between the two non-transparent layers, so that in Stacking direction, a non-transparent layer below and non-transparent layer over the at least one
- organic light detecting layer is arranged.
- a light may be referred to as ambient light is shaded by the non ⁇ transparent layers having spectral components corresponding to the absorption spectrum of at least one organic light-detecting layer of the at least one second light detecting element.
- the non-transparent layers of the second organic light detecting element are particularly so
- the at least one organic light detecting layer arranged to shade the at least one organic light detecting layer from at least that portion of the ambient light corresponding to the absorption spectrum of the at least one organic light detecting layer and further to the absorption spectrum of the at least one second organic light detecting element.
- the detecting layer of the at least one second light detecting element is shaded by the two non-transparent layers from the ambient light is in particular, that reaches the at least one
- organic light detecting layer of the at least one second light detecting element reaching proportion of ambient light, which is irradiated on the at least one second light detecting element from the outside, in
- the shading causes a reduction of greater than or equal to 90%, and more preferably greater than or equal to 99% or even greater than or equal to 99.9% of the externally applied to the at least one second organic light
- the at least one organic light detecting layer of the at least one second organic light detecting element is less than 10% and preferably less than 1% of the ambient light
- the non ⁇ transparent layers can also be completely impermeable to ambient light and in particular the spectral component of the ambient light, which corresponds to the absorption spectrum of the ambient light
- At least a second organic light detecting element corresponds.
- the at least one first and / or second organic light detecting element is designed and usable as an organic photodiode.
- the organic photodiode may in particular comprise an organic functional layer stack between two electrodes, the organic functional layer stack being the organic light detecting layer of the first
- the organic photodiode in With respect to the electrodes and the organic functional layer stack have the same structure as the at least one organic light emitting element and inversely to at least one organic light emitting element, ie operated with opposite electrical polarity, whereby it may be possible that the production of organic Optoelectronic device compared to an exclusively light-emitting device no or little extra costs caused.
- the organic photodiode may have other materials and / or other layer structures with respect to the electrodes and / or the organic functional layer stack compared to the organic light emitting element, which may require additional manufacturing effort, but also sensitivity the at least one organic light detecting element can be specifically adapted.
- the at least one first and / or second organic light detecting element as an organic photoconductor with an organic
- Organic photoconductive material formed and used as an organic light detecting layer that generates electrical charges upon irradiation of light.
- Organic photoconductive materials may for example be formed in one layer on an electrically conductive layer, for example an electrode.
- organic photoconductive materials for example, at least two layers with at least one organic charge generating
- Layer and an organic charge carrier transporting layer may be formed.
- Organic photoconductor trained organic light Detecting element have the same structure as the at least one organic light-emitting element.
- this may also be constructed simultaneously as a photoconductor and photodiode.
- Such an organic light detecting element can be used with an electrical bias as a photodiode and without electrical bias as a photoconductor.
- the electrical resistance of the at least one first and / or second organic light detecting element can also be measured so that the at least one first and / or second organic light detecting element can be designed and usable as an organic photoresistor.
- Element and the at least one organic light-emitting element have an identical structure. Furthermore, it may also be possible that the organic light detecting element only n- or p-conductive layers or a
- the at least one organic light-emitting element and the at least one organic light-detecting element are preferably electrically separated from one another on the substrate with respect to their respective electrodes and organic functional layers.
- the at least one organic light detecting element covers an area on the surface
- the at least one organic light-emitting element on the common substrate is covered by the at least one organic light-emitting element on the common substrate.
- the organic light-emitting element and the organic-light detecting element it may also be possible that they have a common electrode.
- the at least one organic light-detecting element is smaller than the at least one organic light-emitting element with respect to its area occupation on the common substrate
- the at least one organic light detecting element on the common substrate may cover an area that is less than or equal to ten percent, or less than or equal to five percent, or less than or equal to one percent of the area of the at least one organic light emitting element the common substrate is covered.
- the at least one organic light detecting element optionally be covered with a plurality of organic light emitting elements, while the at least one organic light detecting element or
- Component in operation has a luminous surface, which may correspond substantially to the total area of the common substrate.
- the at least one first organic light detecting element is to
- the at least one first organic light-detecting element has an electrode between the at least one organic light-detecting layer and the common substrate, then this is in the case of ambient light detection by the substrate
- the electrode is formed for example as a ring contact or formed by a transparent material.
- the at least one first organic light detecting element is to
- the optoelectronic component is irradiated. If the at least one first organic light detecting element has an electrode on the side of the organic light detecting layer facing away from the substrate, then it is preferably transparent or designed as a ring contact. If the organic optoelectronic component has an encapsulation and / or a cover on the side facing away from the common substrate, at least in the area of the first organic light detecting element, it is likewise transparent in this case.
- the organic optoelectronic component is set up in such a way that a part of the in operation in the at least one organic light emissive element generated internally in the organic optoelectronic component to the at least one organic light detecting element and in particular to at least one organic light detecting layer of this
- Such an internal light pipe from the at least one organic light-emitting element to the at least one organic light-detecting element can be effected, for example, by waveguide effects and / or by scattering effects within the organic optoelectronic component.
- An internal light pipe can be effected, for example, by waveguide effects and / or by scattering effects within the organic optoelectronic component.
- an internal light pipe is made of at least one organic light
- Ambient light is detected.
- the following description of possibilities for internal light conduction therefore apply equally to a first and a second organic light detecting element.
- the transparent common substrate can form an optical waveguide which conducts light from the at least one organic light-emitting element internally in the organic optoelectronic component to the at least one organic light-detecting element. Does the at least one organic light detecting element in the case of
- Light pipe in the substrate between the at least one organic light detecting layer and the common substrate to an electrode it is transparent or has at least one light-transmissive region.
- the electrode is designed, for example, as a ring contact.
- an encapsulation and / or a cover which is arranged above the organic layers as viewed from the common substrate, can have an internal
- a layer or an element of the organic optoelectronic component which serves as an internal light guide is particularly preferably transparent.
- light pipe effects can also be caused by suitable refractive index differences between individual layers or elements of the organic optoelectronic component.
- Refractive index differences and / or the transparency of the layers and elements of the organic optoelectronic component, which are to contribute to the light conduction, the proportion of light from the organic light emitting element to the at least one organic light detecting element internally conducted light can be adjustable.
- the organic optoelectronic component is set up such that in operation in the at least one light-emitting layer of the At least one organic light emitting element generated light is irradiated internally in the organic optoelectronic component directly to the at least one organic light detecting layer of the at least one organic light detecting element. That can
- Layers or elements are present which shade the at least one organic light detecting layer completely from the organic light emitting layer.
- a method for operating the organic optoelectronic component comprises an electronic component, for example a controllable current and / or voltage source.
- the electronic component for example a controllable current and / or voltage source.
- Component measures the light detected by the at least one organic light detecting element and regulates the at least one organic light emitting element in
- the electronic component detects the at least one first light detecting element detected light having ambient light. Is that at least an organic light? detecting element as a second organic light
- the electronic component measures the light detected by the at least one second organic light detecting element, the internally in the optoelectronic
- Component of at least one light-emitting element to the at least one second organic light detecting element led light.
- the electronic component so for example a controllable power and / or
- controllable current and / or voltage source can be formed by an electronic component that acts as a hybrid or monolithic electronic circuit
- the common substrate for this purpose at least partially an integrated
- Circuit based on a semiconductor material such as silicon, and / or have printed electronics.
- the electronic component that is to say for example the controllable current and / or voltage source
- the electronic component to be designed as an external electronic component which is connected to the organic optoelectronic component via suitable electrical connections such as conductor tracks and / or wire connections ,
- the at least one organic light-emitting element and the at least one interconnect organic light detecting element may also be possible.
- Component be connected in the form of a current and / or voltage source, while the organic light detecting element is connected to an electronic component in the form of a current and / or voltage and / or resistance measuring device.
- Embodiments equally apply to the organic optoelectronic component and to the method for operating the organic optoelectronic component.
- the organic optoelectronic component described here can be produced with little effort in addition to the at least one organic light
- emissive element of one or more sensor elements are integrated, which are provided for external and / or internal light detection. Depending on the strength of the first organic light detecting element
- incident light or the incident light incident on the second organic light detecting element which is a part of the light generated by the organic light emitting element, becomes an electrically measurable signal such as a light
- the electrically measurable signal of the at least one organic light detecting element can be further processed in an electronic circuit which can be formed by an external electronic component or as a hybrid or
- Optoelectronic device can form.
- the organic light-emitting element can be controlled so that the
- Luminous intensity at the location of the at least one organic light detecting element or the emission intensity of the organic light-emitting element can be kept directly constant.
- Detecting elements can be adapted so that in each case a sufficiently stable electrically measurable signal can be generated, without instability of the light source, so the at least one organic light-emitting element is caused due to unstable feedback.
- the light-emitting diode can automatically be kept constant at the point of origin of the light, by responding to internal changes such as aging processes of the light source and / or to external changes such as changed ambient light when using a first light source and / or a second organic light detecting
- Elements can be reacted independently of each other.
- the luminance at the point of origin of the light can be automatically kept constant regardless of aging properties of the light source and / or variable environmental conditions It can be exploited, for example, that the organic light detecting elements described here age much slower than the at least one organic light emitting element in particular, the organic materials of the organic light-detecting elements are less stressed, in particular less thermally stressed.
- Luminous intensity can be continuously adjusted.
- the organic optoelectronic compound for example, the organic optoelectronic compound
- the component should be attached to a window and, if there is sufficient brightness, for example, be switched off on the outside of the window and be transparent when switched off, while at lower brightness or darkness on the outside of the window
- organic light-emitting element can be used for room lighting.
- the at least one organic light detecting element comprises or is a second organic light detecting element
- at least one of the two non-transparent ones is
- the non-transparent covering layer may cover the area on which the at least one second organic light detecting element is located on the opposite side of the substrate.
- the non-transparent covering layer can, for example, comprise or be a non-transparent plastic or a non-transparent metal, for example aluminum or another metal described below in connection with electrodes, for example.
- one of the two non-transparent layers can be formed by a nontransparent covering layer, which is arranged on one side of the common substrate facing away from the at least one organic light detecting layer of the second organic light detecting element.
- a non-transparent covering layer is arranged above the at least one organic light-detecting layer, as viewed from the substrate.
- at least one of the non-transparent layers is formed by an electrode of the at least one second organic light-detecting element.
- a formed as a non-transparent layer ⁇ electrode may be disposed on the side remote from the common substrate side of at least one organic light-detecting layer of the at least one second organic light detecting element.
- the at least one second organic light detecting element also between the at least one organic light detecting layer and the common substrate having an electrode which is formed as a non-transparent layer.
- An electrode formed as a non-transparent layer may, in particular, comprise a non-transparent metal, that is to say a metal with a sufficient thickness. For this purpose, all the usual metals usable for electrodes and
- Metal compounds such as those described below, provided that they form a non-transparent layer.
- one of the two non-transparent layers is formed by at least part of an encapsulation and / or a cover which, viewed from the common substrate, is arranged above the at least one organic light-detecting layer of the at least one second light-detecting element.
- an encapsulation and / or a cover can be provided, as described below, which has at least one layer which is formed from a non-transparent material at least in the region of the at least one second organic light-detecting element.
- a first organic light detecting element may also have a non-transparent layer as described for the second organic light detecting element, for example, in the case that the first organic light detecting element is provided for one-side detection only.
- the organic optoelectronic component has both at least one first organic light detecting element and at least one second organic light detecting element.
- the organic optoelectronic component has both at least one first organic light detecting element and at least one second organic light detecting element.
- Organic optoelectronic component having a plurality of first and / or second organic light detecting elements. This means that a plurality of organic light detecting elements can be arranged on the common substrate.
- the plurality of organic light detecting elements can be arranged on the common substrate.
- a plurality of the organic light detecting elements and the at least one organic light emitting element disposed on the same side of the common substrate.
- the organic optoelectronic compound for example, the organic optoelectronic compound
- Component a plurality of first organic light
- Elements can be detected, for example, at different positions of the organic optoelectronic device ambient light. Furthermore, it is also possible that with different first organic light detecting
- Ambient light from different sides of the organic optoelectronic device can be detected.
- At least one of the plurality of first organic light is detecting
- Elements is adapted to ambient light from the side of the organic opposite to the substrate
- Detecting elements present that can independently detect ambient light from different sides of the organic optoelectronic device.
- At least two of the plurality of first organic light detecting elements may have different detection sides for the detection of ambient light.
- a first organic light detecting element is provided which detects ambient light only on one side of the organic optoelectronic component and is thus designed to detect one side, while another first organic light detecting element ambient light on both sides of the organic Optoelectronic device can detect and thus detected on both sides
- the organic optoelectronic component may comprise a plurality of second organic light detecting elements, each of which has at least one
- organic light detecting layer disposed between two non-transparent layers which detect the respective at least one organic light detecting layer
- Shadow layer against ambient light The respective non ⁇ transparent layers may be the same or different detected for the second organic light elements
- a plurality of second organic light detecting elements can, for example, on
- a plurality of organic light-emitting elements is arranged on the common substrate.
- the plurality of organic light emitting elements and the at least one organic light detecting element are all on
- the organic light-emitting elements of the plurality of organic light-emitting elements may be any organic light-emitting elements.
- each of at least two of the plurality of organic light-emitting elements can each detect at least one organic light
- Element preferably a first and a second organic light detecting element, with respect to the controller be assigned.
- the luminous area of the organic layer formed by the totality of the organic light-emitting elements may be assigned.
- Optoelectronic device is subdivided into functional regions formed by the organic light emitting elements, which are controlled independently and with the aid of the organic light detecting elements in the
- That an organic light-detecting element is associated with an organic light-emitting element means, in particular, that the light-detecting element and the light-emitting element with respect to
- Brightness control of the light-emitting element form a functional unit. Furthermore, it may also mean that the organic light detecting element the
- the organic optoelectronic component described here can have a controlled influence on the brightness of the
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an organic compound
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an organic optoelectronic device according to another
- Figures 3A and 3B are schematic representations of a
- FIGS 4 and 5 are schematic representations of organic optoelectronic devices according to further aspects
- FIGS 6A to 6K are schematic representations of organic
- FIGS. 7A to 8B are schematic representations of organic optoelectronic components according to others
- identical, identical or identically acting elements can each be provided with the same reference numerals.
- the illustrated elements and their proportions with each other are not to be considered as true to scale, but individual elements, such as layers, components, components and areas, for exaggerated representability and / or better understanding may be exaggerated.
- a transparent organic light-emitting element 100 which is formed as a transparent organic light-emitting diode (OLED).
- the organic light-emitting element 100 which in the
- OLED 100 has a substrate 101, on which an organic functional layer stack 103 with at least one organic light-emitting layer is arranged between transparent electrodes 102 and 104, so that in operation the OLED 100 in FIG
- organic functional layer stack 103 can be radiated through the transparent electrodes 102, 104.
- the substrate 101 is made transparent, for example in the form of a glass plate or glass layer.
- the substrate 101 may, for example, also comprise a transparent plastic or a glass-plastic laminate.
- At least one of the transparent electrodes 102, 104 has, for example, a transparent conductive oxide.
- Transparent conductive oxides are transparent, conductive materials, usually metal oxides, such as zinc oxide, tin oxide,
- Cadmium oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide and indium tin oxide ITO
- binary metal oxygen compounds such as
- ZnO, SnO 2 or ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 also include ternary metal oxygen compounds, such as Zn 2 SnO 4 , for example.
- the TCOs do not necessarily correspond to a stoichiometric composition and may also be p- or n-doped.
- the further one of the transparent electrodes 102, 104 may comprise, for example, a metal which may be selected from aluminum, barium, indium, silver, gold, magnesium, calcium and lithium as well as compounds, combinations and alloys therewith and which has a sufficiently small thickness to be translucent.
- a metal-containing electrode can comprise Ag, Al or alloys or layer stacks with these, for example Ag / Mg, Ag / Ca, Mg / Al or else Mo / Al / Mo or Cr / Al / Cr.
- both electrodes 102, 104 may have an above-mentioned TCO material.
- a transparent electrode for example, metallic network structures or conductive networks or metallic
- Electrodes 102, 104 may have a
- the lower electrode 102 is formed in the embodiment shown as an anode, while the upper electrode 104 is formed as a cathode. With appropriate choice of material but also in terms of polarity reversed construction is possible.
- the electrodes 102, 104 are preferably formed over a large area and coherently, so that the organic light-emitting element 100 as a luminous source, in particular as a surface light source, is formed. "Large area” may mean that the organic light emitting element 100 has an area greater than or equal to a few
- At least one of the electrodes 102, 104 of the organic light-emitting element 100, between which the organic functional layer stack 103 is located, is structured, whereby by means of the organic light-emitting element 100 a spatially and / or temporally structured and / or changeable
- Luminous impression for example, for structured lighting or for a display device can be made possible.
- Electrode fittings 105 may be provided which extend under the encapsulation 107 described below from the electrodes 102, 104 to the outside.
- the electrode connecting pieces 105 designed as electrical contact leads may be transparent or non-transparent and, for example, comprise or be made of a TCO and / or a metal.
- the TCO time-to-live
- Electrode terminals 105 may be formed by a metal layer or a metal layer stack, for example
- the organic functional layer stack 103 may
- organic light emitting layer in addition to the at least one organic light emitting layer further organic layers, for example one or more selected from a
- organic functional layer stack 103 may
- the organic functional layer stack 103 may have a functional layer designed as a hole transport layer for effective hole injection into the organic layer
- a functional layer designed as a hole transport layer for effective hole injection into the organic layer
- materials for a hole transport layer tertiary amines, carbazole derivatives, conductive polyaniline or polyethylenedioxythiophene, for example, may prove to be advantageous as materials for the light
- emitting layer are suitable electroluminescent
- fluorescence or phosphorescence for example, polyfluorene, polythiophene or polyphenylene or derivatives, compounds, mixtures or copolymers thereof.
- Isolator 106 may be present, for example, with or made of polyimide, for example, the electrodes 102, 104 can electrically isolate against each other. Depending on
- Embodiment of the individual layers of the OLED 100 also do not necessarily have to be insulator layers 106 and may not be present, such as with appropriate masking processes for applying the layers.
- an encapsulation 107 for protecting the organic functional layer stack 103 and the electrodes 102, 104 is arranged.
- the encapsulation 107 is particularly preferred as transparent
- Encapsulation is understood in the present case to mean a device which is capable of forming a barrier to atmospheric substances, in particular to moisture and oxygen and / or to other harmful substances such as corrosive gases, for example hydrogen sulphide.
- the thin-film encapsulation is designed so that it can be penetrated by atmospheric substances at most to very small proportions. This barrier effect is essentially carried out by thin film encapsulation
- Encapsulation typically has a thickness of less than or equal to several 100 nm.
- the thin-film encapsulation may comprise or consist of thin layers suitable for the
- the thin layers for example, by means of a
- ALD Atomic layer deposition
- MLD molecular layer deposition
- Suitable materials for the layers of the encapsulation arrangement are, for example, alumina, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide,
- the encapsulation has a layer sequence with a plurality of the thin layers, each having a thickness between an atomic layer and a few 100 nm.
- barrier layers at least one or a plurality of further layers, ie in particular barrier layers and / or
- PECVD PECVD
- Materials for this may be the aforementioned materials as well as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride,
- layers may each have a thickness between 1 nm and 5 ym, and preferably between 1 nm and 400 nm, with the limits included.
- the encapsulation 107 can also have a glass cover which, for example, can be in the form of a glass substrate having a cavity on the substrate 101 by means of an adhesive layer
- Moisture absorbing material for example made of zeolite, glued to moisture, oxygen or other damaging gases that can penetrate through the adhesive. Furthermore, the Moisture absorbing material (getter), for example made of zeolite, glued to moisture, oxygen or other damaging gases that can penetrate through the adhesive. Furthermore, the Moisture absorbing material (getter), for example made of zeolite, glued to moisture, oxygen or other damaging gases that can penetrate through the adhesive. Furthermore, the
- Adhesive layer for attaching the lid on the substrate itself to be absorbent for damaging substances and / or adhesive layer structures may be present.
- Encapsulation 107 as shown in Figure 1, a pasted by means of an adhesive layer 108 cover 109th
- the cover 109 which may also be referred to as a "superstrate" with respect to its arrangement in relation to the substrate 101, is transparent and can be formed, for example, by a glass layer or glass plate or also a plastic or a combination or a laminate of said materials and, in particular in conjunction with an encapsulation 107 designed as a thin-film encapsulation, serve as mechanical protection, in particular as cat protection, without the cover 109 itself having to act encapsulating Alternatively or additionally, a protective varnish, for example in the form of a spray paint, can be applied to the encapsulation 107 be.
- Substrate 101 may be arranged an optical Auskoppeltik 110, which is formed for example as a scattering layer with scattering particles in a transparent matrix and / or with a light-scattering surface structure. It can also be a decoupling layer, for example between the substrate 101 and the lower, arranged on the substrate 101
- Electrode 102 may be arranged. Furthermore, a
- Decoupling layer also above the upper electrode 104th be arranged, for example on the cover 109 or between the cover 109 and the encapsulation 107th
- no decoupling layer 110 can be present in order to achieve the greatest possible transparency of the OLED 100.
- no decoupling layer 110 can be present in order to achieve the greatest possible transparency of the OLED 100.
- the organic light-emitting element 100 for example with regard to the structure, the layer composition and the materials of the organic functional layer stack, the
- Electrodes and the encapsulation reference is made to the document WO 2010/066245 AI, which is hereby explicitly incorporated by reference with respect to the structure of an organic light-emitting device and also with regard to modifications and variations of the organic light-emitting element shown in Figure 1 ,
- the embodiments shown below each have an organic light-emitting element 100, which may be formed according to the embodiment of Figure 1 or may have modifications or variations thereto.
- the features of the basic structure of the organic light-emitting element 100 shown in FIG. 1 are not intended to be limiting for the following exemplary embodiments.
- FIG. 2 shows an organic optoelectronic component according to an exemplary embodiment which, in addition to an organic light-emitting element 100, has at least one organic light-detecting element which is the first organic light-detecting element 200 is trained.
- the first organic light detecting element 200 is together with the organic light
- the emitting element 100 is disposed on the substrate 101 so that the substrate 101 forms a common substrate for the organic light emitting element 100 and the first organic light detecting element 200.
- the organic light emitting element 100 and the first organic light detecting element 200 are disposed on the same side of the common substrate 101 in laterally adjacent areas.
- the organic light emitting element 100 and the organic light detecting element 200 are thereby deposited in a same plane and in direct contact with the substrate 101 thereon.
- the first organic light detecting element 200 has an organic functional layer stack 203 between two electrodes 202, 204, wherein the organic
- functional layer stack 203 has at least one organic light detecting layer. Im shown
- the organic light detecting layer is formed as a pn junction for generating charge carriers.
- Layer stack 203 has the same structure as the organic light emitting element 100 with respect to the electrodes 102, 104 and the organic functional layer stack 103, and may be inversely connected to the organic light emitting element 100, that is, with opposite electrical polarity.
- the first organic light detecting element 200 is transparent in the embodiment shown and can, as also explained in connection with Figure 3B,
- the first organic light detecting element 200 may detect ambient light that is incident on both sides of the organic light
- the first organic light detecting element 200 may have other materials and / or other layer structures with respect to the electrodes 202, 204 and / or the organic functional layer stack 203, as compared to the organic light emitting element 100
- the organic optoelectronic component furthermore has an encapsulation 107, which is formed as a thin-film encapsulation and forms a common encapsulation for the organic light-emitting element 100 and the first organic light-detecting element 200.
- the encapsulation 107 extends
- a common cover 109 is attached by means of an adhesive layer 108.
- electrode terminals 205 are provided, which serve for the electrical contacting of the electrodes 202, 204 and which, like the electrode terminals 105 of the organic Light emitting element 100 may be formed.
- the electrode connection pieces 105, 205 extend from the elements 100, 200 out of the encapsulation 107, so that the elements 100, 200 can be contacted from the outside.
- an electrical insulator layer 112 which is covered by the common encapsulation 107, is arranged directly on the substrate 101.
- the electrical insulator layer 112 which may include, or may be, polyimide or other electrically insulating material, for example, serves electrical purposes
- Elements 200 of the organic light emitting element 100 so that the electrode terminals 105, 205 of the
- Elements 100, 200 can also be arranged at a small distance from each other on the common substrate 101, without there being any electrical crosstalk between the elements 100, 200.
- Element 200 may be the organic shown in FIG.
- Optoelectronic component as at least one organic light detecting element also have a second organic light detecting element 300, which in
- FIG. 3A shows an organic optoelectronic component according to an exemplary embodiment that, in addition to an organic light emitting element 100 and a first organic light detecting element 200, as in FIG previous embodiment additionally a second
- the organic light detecting elements 200, 300 are disposed on the substrate 101 together with the organic light emitting element 100, so that the substrate 101 forms a common substrate for the organic light emitting element 100 and the organic light detecting elements 200, 300.
- the second organic light detecting element 300 is like the first organic light detecting element 200 as
- the second organic light detecting element 300 has an organic functional layer stack 303 between two electrodes 302, 304, wherein the organic functional layer stack 303 comprises at least one organic light
- the at least one organic light detecting layer of the second organic light detecting element 300 is disposed between two non-transparent layers 311.
- the other of the two non-transparent layers 311 is formed by a non-transparent covering layer 301, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is arranged on the side of the common substrate 101 facing away from the organic functional layer stack 303 and comprises a non-transparent metal and / or a non-transparent transparent
- the non-transparent layers 311 are, as explained in more detail in connection with FIG. 3B, provided and arranged for this purpose, the at least one
- the second organic light detecting element 300 may alternatively have a different structure, as explained for example in connection with Figures 6G to 6K.
- the encapsulation 107 is as in the previous one
- Encapsulants may be provided for the organic light emitting and the organic light detecting elements.
- electrode terminal pieces 305 are provided, which serve for the electrical contacting of the electrodes 302, 304 and which may be formed like the electrode terminal pieces 105 of the organic light-emitting element 100. Further, detecting between the organic light emitting element 100 and the second organic light Element 300 is disposed directly on the substrate 101, an electrical insulator layer 112.
- Component of Figure 3A indicates the lighting conditions during operation.
- FIG. 3B as well as in the following figures, the reference signs of the individual layers and parts of the organic optoelectronic component shown in each case are, for the sake of clarity, mainly only with regard to differences from those described so far
- the organic light emitting element 100 of FIGS. 3A and 3B is as described in connection with FIG.
- organic light emitting element 100 generated due to scattering and waveguiding effects internally in the organic optoelectronic component to the organic light detecting elements 200, 300, as indicated by the arrows with the reference numeral 2. Furthermore, depending on the design of the electrodes, insulator layers and other layers and elements, it may alternatively or additionally also be possible that light in other layers internally from the organic light-emitting element 100 to one or more two organic light detecting elements 200, 300 is passed, for example by the common
- the second organic light-detecting element 300 has an electrode 302 between the at least one organic light-detecting layer and the common substrate 101, as in the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 3A and 3B, this is likewise transparent in the case of a light line in the substrate 101 or at least has one
- the electrode 302 is formed, for example, as a ring contact.
- Insulator layers and the encapsulation for example, with regard to a suitable refractive index for adjusting the total reflection in the substrate or the cover, the
- ambient light 3, 4 can also be applied to the organic optoelectronic component
- the ambient light may vary depending on
- Reference numeral 3 and / or on the side of the cover, indicated by the reference numeral 4, are irradiated to the organic optoelectronic component.
- Ambient light 3, 4 may be, for example, light from other natural or artificial light sources, or also light 1 of the organic optoelectronic component, which may be influenced externally by the external organic light
- the first organic light detecting element 200 is adapted to detect ambient light 3, 4 from the substrate side and / or from the side of the cover and is, as explained in more detail in particular in the embodiments of FIGS. 6A to 6F, on at least one of formed transparent to both sides, so that ambient light 3 and / or ambient light 4 can be irradiated to the at least one organic light detecting layer of the first organic light detecting element 200.
- Cover layer 301 on the substrate side and through the upper electrode 304 on the side opposite to the substrate of the at least one organic light detecting layer of the second organic light detecting element 300 may be formed, shading of the organic light detecting layer of the second organic light
- the non-transparent layers 311 may be at least 90% and more preferably at least 99% or even at least 99.9% impermeable to the part of the ambient light which detects the absorption spectrum of the at least one organic light detecting layer of the second organic light Elements 300 corresponds.
- the influence of the ambient light 3, 4 on the electrically measurable signal of the second organic light detecting element 300 that is, for example, a photo voltage in the case of an organic photodiode as a second organic light detecting element, can be reduced or even completely prevented.
- organic light detecting element 200 and second organic light detecting element 300 independently detect internally-guided light generated by organic light-emitting element 100, and ambient light 3 and / or 4.
- the respective type of organic light-detecting elements can be varied with regard to the structure and the Operation and / or electrical wiring, the number of organic light detecting elements, the position of one or more organic light detecting elements with respect to the luminous surface of the organic light emitting element, the respective detection surface of the organic light detecting elements, for example, with respect to an adjustment to the organic light emitting element in geometry, stack and / or wiring, the respective distance between the organic light
- Decoupling direction of the transparent formed organic light-emitting element can be influenced by suitable choice of material and / or coupling-out, so that, for example, when using the organic
- Optoelectronic component as part of a window different proportions are radiated inwards and outwards, ie about 40% to the outside and 60% to the inside.
- FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of an organic optoelectronic component which, compared to the previous exemplary embodiment, has two first organic light detecting elements 200, 200 ', both of which are configured to emit ambient light
- the first organic light detecting elements 200, 200 ' may be the same or different be and have the same or different detection directions, for example, by suitably selected materials for the electrodes 202, 204.
- this may be a first organic light detecting element 200 thereto
- the substrate has a non-transparent layer 211 and detects ambient light only through the encapsulation and the cover.
- the non-transparent layer 211 may, for example, be like the non-transparent layer
- FIG. 5 shows an organic optoelectronic component according to a further exemplary embodiment, which is shown in FIG. 5
- an electronic component for electrically interconnecting the at least one organic light emitting element 100 and the at least one organic light detecting element comprises at least one first organic light detecting element 200 and at least one second organic light detecting element
- the electronic component is shown in the
- Embodiment as a controllable power and / or Voltage source 400 is formed, which measures the electrical signal provided by the at least one organic light detecting element and controls the organic light emitting element 100 as a function of the measurement.
- the electronic component measures the at least one first organic light detecting
- Element 200 provided electrically measurable signal generated by light having ambient light.
- the electronic component measures the of
- Element 300 provided electrically measurable signal by the internally in the organic optoelectronic device from the organic light emitting element 100 for
- organic light detecting element 300 guided light is generated.
- the embodiment shown in Figure 5 thus enables the implementation of a method for
- an organic optoelectronic component in which a controllable current and / or voltage source 400 is provided, which measures the light detected by the at least one organic light detecting element and which controls the at least one organic light emitting element 100 as a function of the measurements.
- controllable current and / or voltage source 400 as shown in Figure 5, an external electronic
- Be component which is connected via suitable wire connections or conduction paths with the elements 100, 200, 300.
- controllable current and / or voltage source 400 may be provided as a monolithic electronic circuit, for example in the substrate or in additional functional layers on the substrate.
- the controllable current and / or voltage source 400 can
- FIGS. 6A to 6K show exemplary embodiments of organic light detecting elements 200, 300 for
- detecting element 200 are explained again, which is purely exemplary formed as an organic photodiode as in the previous embodiments.
- the transparent electrode 202 can be formed by a TCO, a transparent metal, ie a sufficiently thin metal layer, a metallic network structure, graphene or a combination and / or a plurality of these, while the non-transparent electrode 204, for example by a non-transparent metal, so a sufficiently thick metal layer can be formed.
- FIG. 6B shows an exemplary embodiment of a first organic light detecting element 200, in which, in contrast to the previous exemplary embodiment, the lower electrode 202, that is to say the electrode which is arranged on the substrate side, is non-transparent and, for example
- Substrate disposed opposite side electrode 204 is transparent or at least partially transparent, so that the first organic light
- Detecting elements 200 is configured in this embodiment, to detect ambient light 4, which is irradiated from the side opposite to the substrate on the organic optoelectronic device.
- top electrode 204 may comprise a transparent material such as a TCO or other previously mentioned transparent material.
- the upper electrode 204 is formed as a ring contact and, for example, has an opening above the organic functional layer stack of the first organic light detecting element 200, as indicated by the dashed lines. Such an opening can in the lateral direction entirely of
- Electrode material so that the electrode 204 may be formed as a complete ring. Furthermore, it is also possible that a trained as a ring contact
- Electrode 204 in the lateral direction surrounds the opening only in a partial area and thus formed, for example, U-shaped.
- transparent electrode materials may also be used in combination with a non-transparent additional material, for example a non-transparent insulator material, the additional, non-transparent material being the organic material of the first organic light
- Detecting element 200 can shade from ambient light.
- FIG. 6C shows a further exemplary embodiment of a first organic light detecting element 200 in which both electrodes 202, 204 are transparent and / or ring-shaped, so that the first organic light detecting element 200 shown in FIG. 6C
- Ambient light can be detected, which is irradiated from both sides of the organic optoelectronic device.
- FIGS. 6D to 6F are first organic light
- At least one organic light-detecting layer of an organic functional layer stack is formed, which generates electrical charges upon irradiation of light.
- Photoconductive organic materials may for example be formed in one layer on an electrically conductive layer, as for example in the embodiments shown, for example on an electrode or on the electrode connection pieces 205 shown in FIGS. 6D to 6F even without additional Electrode.
- the organic photoconductive material 207 may be based on a PVK-TNF charge transfer complex (PVK: polyvinylcarbazole, TNF: 2, 4, 7-trinitro-9-fluorenone).
- PVK polyvinylcarbazole
- TNF 2, 4, 7-trinitro-9-fluorenone
- the organic photoconductive material 207 may, for example, also be two-layered in the form of an organic charge carrier-generating layer and an organic
- Charge carrier transporting layer may be formed.
- Suitable organic charge carrier materials are, for example, (di) azo dyes, squaraine derivatives and phthalocyanines in question, as organic charge carriers
- conductive materials for example arylamines, oxadiazoles, TPD (N, N'-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) -benzidine) and NPB ( ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (naphthalen-1-yl) - ⁇ , ⁇ 'bis (phenyl) benzidine).
- TPD N, N'-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) -benzidine
- NPB ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (naphthalen-1-yl) - ⁇ , ⁇ 'bis (phenyl) benzidine
- formed organic light detecting element has the same structure as the organic light emitting
- the first organic light detecting element 200 allows two-sided detection of ambient light.
- the detecting element 200 according to FIG. 6E has a non-transparent layer 211 between the substrate and the organic photoconductive material 207 formed as at least one organic light detecting layer, which are formed for example by a non-transparent metal or a non-transparent plastic can, so that a one-sided ambient light detection by the encapsulation and the cover is possible.
- a non-transparent layer on the photoconductive material 207 opposite side of the substrate is possible.
- a non-transparent layer 211 is applied to the encapsulation in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 6F, so that the first organic light detecting element 200 of FIG. 6F is designed for one-sided ambient light detection by the substrate.
- the exemplary embodiments for second organic light detecting elements 300 shown in FIGS. 6G to 6K correspond to their respective structure
- Material 307 is formed, additional non-transparent
- organic light detecting elements 200, 300 shown these can also be constructed simultaneously as a photoconductor and photodiode.
- Such an organic light detecting element may be provided with an electrical bias as a photodiode and without
- electrical bias can be used as a photoconductor.
- the electrical resistance of the organic light detecting elements 200, 300 may also be measured, so that the first and / or second organic light detecting element 200, 300 may be formed and usable as an organic photoresistor.
- Detecting element for this purpose have an organic functional layer based on pentacene.
- Shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B is an exemplary embodiment of an organic optoelectronic component which is designed in accordance with the previous exemplary embodiments and which is designed as part of a window.
- Optoelectronic device as indicated by the sun symbol, while the lower side, ie the
- Substrate side facing an interior to be illuminated.
- a first organic light detecting element 200 is provided which
- Ambient light 4 detected on the outside while another organic light detecting element is provided, for example, as another first organic light detecting element 200 'for detecting ambient light in the interior or as a second organic light
- FIGS. 8A and 8B show a further embodiment in which an organic optoelectronic
- Component is integrated into a home window
- At least one organic light detecting element 200 for the detection of the ambient light in the outer space in
- the organic optoelectronic component can be designed, for example, semitransparent and with
- Device 100 is not in operation, as shown in Figure 8A.
- the organic light emitting element 100 When falling below a certain external brightness, the organic light emitting element 100 is due to the corresponding sensor signal of the organic light
- the organic light emitting device for example, the organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting organic light emitting
- Component 100 may be only partially designed as OLED and / or be structured, for example, in stripes, so that an individual design of the interior and
- Outdoor lighting may be possible, for example in the form of a pattern or naming.
- an effect as a so-called Venetian mirror is possible, which gives a difficult view from outside to inside, when the inner space is kept darker than the outer space.
- the organic light-emitting element 100 can additionally be coupled to a proximity sensor, so that automatic illumination of the outer door area is possible.
Landscapes
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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DE112013005262.8T DE112013005262B4 (de) | 2012-11-02 | 2013-10-25 | Organisches optoelektronisches Bauelement und Verfahren zum Betrieb des organischen optoelektronischen Bauelements |
US14/432,554 US9721992B2 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2013-10-25 | Organic optoelectronic component with a light emitting element and a light detecting element and method for operating such an organic optoelectronic component |
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DE102012220050.9 | 2012-11-02 | ||
DE102012220050.9A DE102012220050A1 (de) | 2012-11-02 | 2012-11-02 | Organisches optoelektronisches Bauelement und Verfahren zum Betrieb des organischen optoelektronischen Bauelements |
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DE102013105229A1 (de) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-11-27 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optoelektronisches Bauelement und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines optoelektronischen Bauelementes |
US10910507B2 (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2021-02-02 | Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc. | Semiconductor package device and method of manufacturing the same |
US20190067402A1 (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-02-28 | HKC Corporation Limited | Display panel and manufacturing method thereof and display device |
CN107871736B (zh) * | 2017-10-21 | 2020-08-14 | 天津大学 | 基于标准cmos工艺的全波导型横向多晶硅光互连系统 |
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DE102012220050A1 (de) | 2014-05-08 |
DE112013005262B4 (de) | 2021-06-17 |
DE112013005262A5 (de) | 2015-09-24 |
US20150340409A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
US9721992B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 |
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