EP2052276A1 - Oszilloskop-tastkopf - Google Patents
Oszilloskop-tastkopfInfo
- Publication number
- EP2052276A1 EP2052276A1 EP07765098A EP07765098A EP2052276A1 EP 2052276 A1 EP2052276 A1 EP 2052276A1 EP 07765098 A EP07765098 A EP 07765098A EP 07765098 A EP07765098 A EP 07765098A EP 2052276 A1 EP2052276 A1 EP 2052276A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- amplifier
- oscilloscope
- input
- probe according
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/02—General constructional details
- G01R1/06—Measuring leads; Measuring probes
- G01R1/067—Measuring probes
- G01R1/06766—Input circuits therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
Definitions
- the invention relates to a probe for an oscilloscope according to the preamble of the main claim.
- the high-impedance measuring tip of the signal to be measured is connected to an amplifier serving as an impedance converter whose output has a characteristic impedance of usually 50 ohms.
- the measurement signal is fed from the output of this amplifier via a high-frequency cable to the input of the oscilloscope, which terminates the cable with its characteristic impedance of, for example, 50 ohms, so as to avoid reflections.
- Such amplifiers usually have a so-called DC offset error, i. an input voltage of 0 volts does not exactly correspond to an output voltage of 0 volts.
- Amplifiers usually also still gain errors, i. E. 1 volt change of the input voltage generated at a desired voltage gain of z. For example, one not exactly 1 volt change in the output voltage.
- Amplifier consisting of a high-frequency path for high frequencies and a low-frequency path for low frequencies and DC voltages.
- the amplifier in the low frequency path is on Operational amplifier with the lowest possible offset.
- the high-frequency path for high frequencies of, for example, more than 10 MHz consists of a three-stage emitter follower with npn-type transistors and is designed as an AC-coupled amplifier with a separating capacitor arranged between the measuring tip and the amplifier input.
- Measured value evaluation considered accordingly. This can be done fully automatically by an automatic remote control of the arranged at the input of the amplifier switching device from the oscilloscope.
- This switching device sets the input of the probe to ground potential or to a defined DC voltage. This allows the oscilloscope to directly measure offset and gain errors. Since in modern oscilloscopes, the evaluation and graphical representation of the measured values is usually digital, this is
- Gain error eliminates the annoying manual calibration for the user prior to the initial measurement and after each temperature change.
- automated processes such Temperature-dependent measurements are made without a user having to perform the calibrations.
- a particular advantage of the invention is that not only the offset error or amplification error of the amplifier used in the probe can be determined and taken into account in the later measurement, but also the offset or gain error of subsequent amplifier stages in the oscilloscope itself Thus, a total offset or a total gain error can be determined and taken into account, starting from the measuring tip until the display of a measured value in the oscilloscope.
- the amplifier can have a very simple structure, since no offset-compensating measures must be taken. Such an amplifier has improved input capacitance, input resistance, bandwidth, and frequency response characteristics.
- impedance-converting amplifier simple in construction DC-coupled amplifier, which is constructed either of bipolar transistors in emitter follower circuit and / or field effect transistors in the source follower circuit and possibly diodes or resistors and their successive Verstarkungsetti are dimensioned and coordinated so that the resulting offset DC voltage is a minimum.
- DC-coupled amplifier which is constructed either of bipolar transistors in emitter follower circuit and / or field effect transistors in the source follower circuit and possibly diodes or resistors and their successive Verstarkungsetti are dimensioned and coordinated so that the resulting offset DC voltage is a minimum.
- Fig. 1 a mass-related invention
- DC coupled amplifier constructed of bipolar transistors and / or field effect transistors or diodes and resistors.
- Fig. 1 shows a probe 21 with a measuring tip 22, which via a multi-core cable 23 with the actual
- Oscilloscope 24 is connected.
- the measured value tapped off via the measuring tip 22 is preferably fed via an input divider 25 to the input V 1n of an amplifier 26 serving as an impedance converter which has the high-ohmic measured signal at its output V 0 Ut with a characteristic impedance of, for example, 50 ohms via the cable 23 to the oscilloscope 24 feeds.
- the measurement signal is processed digitally and displayed on a screen.
- the amplifier 26 is shown in the illustrated
- Embodiment of three field effect transistors in the source follower circuit is constructed for example in HEMT or JFET technology whose bias current through the FET Current sources is set so that the gate-source voltage of each stage is approximately equal to zero.
- an electronic switching device 27 is provided, which is remotely controllable via control lines of the cable 23 from the oscilloscope 24 from.
- This switching device 27 consists of three field effect transistor switches 28, 29, 30. With the FET switch 28 closed and open switches 29, 30, the input V 1n of the amplifier 26 is the signal to be measured
- Measuring tip 22 is supplied, with open switch 28 and 30, the input V 1n via the closed switch 29 ground potential M is supplied and open switches 28 and 29 and closed switch 30, the input V 1n from a reference frequency source 31 is a constant
- the switch 29 thus serves to measure the offset error of the amplifier 26 in the oscilloscope 24.
- the gain error of the amplifier 26 in the oscilloscope 24 can be measured. These measurements can be performed at any time.
- An additional measuring device is superfluous, since these measurements can be performed directly by the oscilloscope 24, which is present anyway. It is also conceivable to supply several different reference voltages to the input of the amplifier via additional switches. If only one measurement of the offset error is desired, the additional reference frequency switch 30 may be omitted and only the switch 29 may be provided.
- the inventive principle is not only suitable for mass-related probes, but according to FIG. 7 also for differential probes with two stylus tips 32, 33 and a differential amplifier 36.
- the two inputs 34, 35 are short-circuited directly via a switching device 37, or both inputs 34, 35 are individually connected to ground and positive and negative reference voltages are applied.
- the switching device 27 can be arranged in the arrangement of a divider 25 before this, so that an offset or a Verstarkungscons the divider 25 is measured with.
- the output transistor is again of the npn type.
- the base-emitter voltage of the transistors 1, 2 and 4 is in the example + 0.8V, that of the transistor 3 -0.8V. This results in an offset DC voltage of about OV.
- the source current is selected such that the gate-source Voltage U gs is 0 volts.
- This is z. B. by the use of paired field effect transistors as current sources S possible whose gate-source voltage is set to 0 volts. Even with this circuit according to FIG. 3, an offset of almost 0 volts is thus achieved between input and output.
- Fig. 4 shows a DC-coupled amplifier consisting of a p-channel type MOSFET transistor 8 having a gate-source voltage of about 1.6 volts, followed by two emitter-follower bipolar npn transistors 9 and 10, which together have a base-emitter voltage of -1.6 volts.
- a DC-coupled amplifier consisting of a p-channel type MOSFET transistor 8 having a gate-source voltage of about 1.6 volts, followed by two emitter-follower bipolar npn transistors 9 and 10, which together have a base-emitter voltage of -1.6 volts.
- an offset of almost 0 volts is achieved.
- a JFET field-effect transistor 11 with two bipolar transistors 12 and 13 is connected together in each case of different conductivity type, here too the sum results in an offset of almost 0 volts.
- Fig. 6 finally shows the combination of bipolar transistors 14 to 16 of the same (npn) conductivity type with three diodes 17.
- an input divider 5 can still be arranged in the probe, which is connected between the measuring tip and the amplifier input V in .
- Switching device may be provided either before or after the input divider in this case. All elements of the probe according to the invention such as amplifiers, switching device for offset measurement, input dividers and the like can be constructed as a hybrid on a substrate.
- the divider can thus be constructed, for example, in thin-film or thick-film technology, the amplifier as a bipolar IC. It is also conceivable to construct the input divider with the amplifier and the offset measurement circuit on a monolithically integrated chip.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Measuring Leads Or Probes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006038026 | 2006-08-14 | ||
| DE102006052745A DE102006052745A1 (de) | 2006-08-14 | 2006-11-08 | Oszilloskop-Tastkopf |
| PCT/EP2007/005980 WO2008019731A1 (de) | 2006-08-14 | 2007-07-05 | Oszilloskop-tastkopf |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2052276A1 true EP2052276A1 (de) | 2009-04-29 |
Family
ID=38800935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07765098A Ceased EP2052276A1 (de) | 2006-08-14 | 2007-07-05 | Oszilloskop-tastkopf |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8581611B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2052276A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102006052745A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2008019731A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006052720A1 (de) * | 2006-08-14 | 2008-02-21 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Oszilloskop-Tastkopf |
| DE202012002391U1 (de) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-06-10 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zur Messung elektronischer Bauteile |
| US9993642B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-06-12 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Multi-site transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the spinal cord for facilitation of locomotion |
| EP3782698A1 (de) | 2013-09-27 | 2021-02-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Aktivierung des gebärmutterhals/rückenmark-kreislaufs zur wiederaufnahme der gewollten steuerung einer handfunktion bei tetraplegischen patienten |
| CN103983933B (zh) * | 2014-05-08 | 2017-09-19 | 工业和信息化部电子第五研究所 | 板级射频电流探头频率标定方法及系统和装置 |
| DE102015100744B4 (de) | 2015-01-20 | 2019-09-05 | Atmos Medizintechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wundverband und Verwendung eines Wundverbands |
| US11097122B2 (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2021-08-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Magnetic stimulation of the spinal cord to restore control of bladder and/or bowel |
| US11235154B2 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2022-02-01 | The University Of British Columbia | Apparatus and methods for maintaining physiological functions |
| US10416203B2 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-09-17 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Test and measurement system, differential logic probe, single ended logic probe and method for operating a test and measurement system |
| US12434068B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2025-10-07 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Accessing spinal networks to address sexual dysfunction |
| DE20168827T1 (de) | 2017-06-30 | 2021-01-21 | Gtx Medical B.V. | System zur neuromodulierung |
| US10908183B2 (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2021-02-02 | National Instruments Corporation | Active probe powered through driven coax cable |
| US12357828B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2025-07-15 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) | System for planning and/or providing neuromodulation |
| EP3720338B1 (de) | 2017-12-05 | 2025-09-24 | Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) | System zur planung und/oder bereitstellung von neuromodulation |
| EP3840638A4 (de) | 2018-08-23 | 2022-05-18 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Nicht-invasive rückenmarkstimulation für nervenwurzellähmung, kauda-syndrom und wiederherstellung der funktion der oberen extremitäten |
| DE18205821T1 (de) | 2018-11-13 | 2020-12-24 | Gtx Medical B.V. | Steuerungssystem zur bewegungsrekonstruktion und/oder wiederherstellung für einen patienten |
| EP3695878B1 (de) | 2019-02-12 | 2023-04-19 | ONWARD Medical N.V. | System zur neuromodulierung |
| EP3824948A1 (de) | 2019-11-19 | 2021-05-26 | ONWARD Medical B.V. | Planungs- und/oder steuersystem für ein neuromodulationssystem |
| EP3827875B1 (de) | 2019-11-27 | 2023-07-05 | ONWARD Medical N.V. | Neuromodulationssystem |
| DE19211698T1 (de) | 2019-11-27 | 2021-09-02 | Onward Medical B.V. | Neuromodulation system |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4743844A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-05-10 | Tektronix, Inc. | Self-adjusting oscilloscope |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5753145A (en) * | 1980-09-16 | 1982-03-30 | Sony Tektronix Corp | Calibrator for analogue-digital converter |
| US4758779A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1988-07-19 | Tektronix, Inc. | Probe body for an electrical measurement system |
| GB2264788B (en) * | 1992-02-11 | 1996-06-05 | Armex Electronics Ltd | A Wideband switchable gain active probe |
| US5384532A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1995-01-24 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Bipolar test probe |
| JP3382560B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-03 | 2003-03-04 | 安藤電気株式会社 | 電気光学サンプリングプローバ及び測定方法 |
| US6870359B1 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2005-03-22 | Le Croy Corporation | Self-calibrating electrical test probe |
| US20060061348A1 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2006-03-23 | Cannon James E | High frequency oscilloscope probe with unitized probe tips |
| US7504841B2 (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2009-03-17 | Analog Devices, Inc. | High-impedance attenuator |
| CN102298130A (zh) * | 2010-06-24 | 2011-12-28 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 示波器探头校验装置 |
-
2006
- 2006-11-08 DE DE102006052745A patent/DE102006052745A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-07-05 WO PCT/EP2007/005980 patent/WO2008019731A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-07-05 EP EP07765098A patent/EP2052276A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-07-05 US US12/377,518 patent/US8581611B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4743844A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-05-10 | Tektronix, Inc. | Self-adjusting oscilloscope |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110006793A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
| DE102006052745A9 (de) | 2008-06-05 |
| US8581611B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 |
| WO2008019731A1 (de) | 2008-02-21 |
| DE102006052745A1 (de) | 2008-02-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20081219 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: PESCHKE, MARTIN Inventor name: SCHILD, ALEXANDER |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20130130 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R003 |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
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| 18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 20161107 |