EP2049289B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen objekten - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen objekten Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2049289B1
EP2049289B1 EP06758093.6A EP06758093A EP2049289B1 EP 2049289 B1 EP2049289 B1 EP 2049289B1 EP 06758093 A EP06758093 A EP 06758093A EP 2049289 B1 EP2049289 B1 EP 2049289B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paths
heating
powder
powder layer
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06758093.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2049289A1 (de
EP2049289A4 (de
Inventor
Morgan Larsson
Anders Snis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arcam AB
Original Assignee
Arcam AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=38981723&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2049289(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Arcam AB filed Critical Arcam AB
Publication of EP2049289A1 publication Critical patent/EP2049289A1/de
Publication of EP2049289A4 publication Critical patent/EP2049289A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2049289B1 publication Critical patent/EP2049289B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B22F10/362—Process control of energy beam parameters for preheating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and device for producing three-dimensional objects layer by layer using a powdery material which can be solidified by irradiating it with a high-energy beam.
  • the invention relates to a powder pre-heating process using an electron beam.
  • Equipment for producing a three-dimensional object layer by layer using a powdery material which can be solidified, or fused together, by irradiating it with a high-energy beam of electromagnetic radiation electrons are known from e.g. US4863538 , US5647931 , SE524467 and WO2004/056511 .
  • Such equipment include for instance a supply of powder, means for applying a layer of powder on a vertically adjustable platform or working area, and means for directing the beam over the working area. The powder sinters or melts and solidifies as the beam moves over the working area.
  • One solution to the problem of avoiding discharges is to add conductive material, such as carbon, to the powder as to increase the electrical conductivity of the powder.
  • conductive material such as carbon
  • Disadvantages of this solution are, however, that the solidifying process of such a powder mixture may be difficult to control and that the properties of the formed product may be affected in a negative way. For instance, the mechanical strength may be decreased.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a method and device for layer-wize production of three-dimensional objects from a powdery material, which method and device allow for a controlled and proper fusing together of the powdery material, and which are well suited for both an electron beam and a laser beam.
  • This object is achieved by the method and device defined in independent claims 1 and 10, respectively.
  • the dependent claims contain advantageous embodiments, further developments and variants of the invention.
  • the invention concerns a method for producing three-dimensional objects layer by layer using a powdery material, which can be solidified by irradiating it with a high-energy electron beam.
  • the invention is characterized in that the method comprises a pre-heating step with the general purpose of pre-heating the powdery material in a homogeneous manner, followed by a solidifying step with the general purpose of fusing together the powdery material, wherein the pre-heating step comprises the sub-step of scanning a pre-heating powder layer area by scanning the beam along paths distributed over the pre-heating powder layer area, wherein consecutively scanned paths are separated by, at least, a minimum security distance, said minimum security distance being adapted to prevent undesirable summation effects in the pre-heating powder layer area from said consecutively scanned paths.
  • An advantage of the inventive method is that the pre-heating step allows the powder layer to be homogenously heated up so as to avoid having too large temperature gradients in the interface between melted metal and powder in the subsequent solidifying step.
  • a security distance adapted to prevent summation effects from consecutively scanned paths it is possible to avoid that the energy deposited to the powder during scan of a first path adds to the energy deposited during scan of a second path scanned directly after the first path.
  • large temperature gradients can be avoided also during the pre-heating stage.
  • the pre-heating has a further advantageous effect in that it increases the electrical conductivity of the powder. This has in turn the effect that a high beam current can be used in the subsequent solidifying step. Also the security distance has an additional advantage when using an electron beam in that it eliminates the risk of forming a too large charge density in the relatively cool powder during the pre-heating step. Thus, powder discharge is prevented.
  • the inventive use of the beam for pre-heating the powder has several advantageous compared to the rather obvious alternative to heat up an entire powder bed using e.g. heating elements.
  • One advantage is that no further heating equipment is needed.
  • Another advantage is that only the part of the powder bed that really needs to be heated, i.e. a fraction of the upper layer of the powder bed, is actually heated. This makes the process very efficient.
  • the pre-heating step further comprises the sub-step of re-scanning the pre-heating powder layer area.
  • the pre-heating area can be gradually and homogeneously heated up.
  • the paths followed during a re-scan of the pre-heating powder layer area are displaced an interspacing distance in relation to the paths followed during a previous scan of the pre-heating powder layer area, wherein the interspacing distance is less than the minimum security distance.
  • the power of the beam is increased during the pre-heating step.
  • the beam power initially can be kept at a sufficiently low level to avoid large charge densities and/or temperature gradients, but also that the beam power increases as the temperature of the powder increases as to speed up the pre-heating process as much as possible.
  • the power of the beam is increased stepwize between consecutive scans or re-scans of the pre-heating powder layer area. This makes it relatively easy to control the process and allows the powder pre-heating area to be heated in a uniform manner.
  • the beam power is increased by increasing the beam current.
  • the paths form substantially straight and parallel lines.
  • Such paths simplifies the labour of finding a path pattern and path scanning order that works in practice, considering summation effects etc.
  • Using straight and parallel paths also simplifies the control of the beam during scanning.
  • the paths are preferably scanned from one end to the other.
  • the pre-heating powder layer area is larger than, and thereby forms a security margin with respect to, a corresponding part of the powder layer that is to be fused together in the subsequent solidifying step.
  • a security margin ensures that the whole product area, including its close surroundings, is properly pre-heated, i.e. such that the temperature and electrical conductivity of the powder layer do not change abruptly at the outer border of parts that are to be fused together. Without such a security margin it is likely that problems will arise due to a too large temperature gradient and/or a too large charge density.
  • the invention also concerns a device comprising a control unit adapted to operate the inventive method.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a known device 1 for producing a three-dimensional product.
  • the device 1 comprises a vertically adjustable work table 2 on which a three-dimensional product 3 is to be built up, one or more powder dispensers 4, means 28 arranged to distribute a thin layer of powder on the work table 2 for forming a powder bed 5, a radiation gun 6 in the form of an electron gun for delivering energy to the powder bed 5 as to fuse together parts of the powder bed 5, deflection coils 7 for guiding the electron beam emitted by the radiation gun 6 over said work table 2, and a control unit 8 arranged to control the various parts of the device 1.
  • the charge distribution density depends on the following parameters: beam current, electron velocity (which is given by the accelerating voltage), beam scanning velocity, powder material and electrical conductivity of the powder, i.e. mainly the electrical conductivity between the powder grains.
  • beam current electron velocity (which is given by the accelerating voltage)
  • beam scanning velocity powder material
  • electrical conductivity of the powder i.e. mainly the electrical conductivity between the powder grains.
  • the latter is in turn a function of several parameters, such as temperature, degree of sintering and powder grain size/size distribution.
  • the electrical conductivity of the powder can gradually be increased by increasing the temperature of the powder.
  • a powder that has a high temperature obtains a considerably higher conductivity which results in a lower density of the charge distribution since the charges quickly can diffuse over a large region. This effect is enhanced if the powder is allowed to be slightly sintered during the pre-heating process.
  • the conductivity has become sufficiently high, the powder can be fused together, i.e. melted or fully sintered, with arbitrary values of the beam current and beam scanning velocity.
  • FIG 2 A preferred embodiment of the inventive method, wherein the conductivity is increased without creating discharges, is shown in figure 2 .
  • the beam is scanned along paths distributed in a certain pattern over a part of the powder bed 5 that is to be solidified, for the purpose of pre-heating the powder.
  • the part of the upper layer 5' of the powder bed 5 subjected to pre-heating is denoted the pre-heating powder layer area 10, or only pre-heating area 10 (see also figure 3 ).
  • Reference numbers L x and L y denotes the sides of the, in this example rectangular, pre-heating area 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of such a case where additional, more closely positioned paths are needed.
  • the additional paths are indicated with codes P1.2, P1.3 etc.
  • Adjacent paths such as P1.20 and P2.1 or P3.2 and P3.3, are physically separated by an interspacing distance ⁇ Y.
  • adjacent paths are not scanned in a consecutive order in order to still separate consecutively scanned paths by the security distance ⁇ Y.
  • the pre-heating area 10 can be seen as divided into five sub-areas, P1 to P5, and in each sub-area the number of paths to be scanned are 20; e.g. P1.1 to P1.20 in the first sub-area P1. More generally, the paths can be denoted PM.N, wherein M is the number of the sub-area and N is the number of a particular path in the sub-area M. In figure 2 , M goes from 1 to 5 and N goes from 1 to 20, which leads to a total number of 100 paths to be scanned. The values of M and N may be varied depending on e.g. the size of the pre-heating area 10 and on the desired pre-heating temperature and/or desired degree of pre-sintering of the powder.
  • the pre-heating area 10 is scanned several times in the y-direction, in this example 20 times.
  • the first time the pre-heating area 10 is scanned the scanning procedure is such that the first path PM.1 in each sub-area P1 to P5 is scanned.
  • the pre-heating area 10 is re-scanned by scanning the second path PM.2 in each sub-area P1 to P5.
  • the third path PM.3 in each sub-area P1 to P5 is scanned, and so on.
  • This procedure may be seen as one single scanning pattern, comprising the N:th path of each sub-area P1-P5, which single scanning pattern is displaced in the y-direction, i.e. downwards in figure 2 , a distance corresponding to the interspacing distance ⁇ Y once the scan of all paths in the single scanning pattern has been completed.
  • the paths of a re-scan are displaced in parallel a distance ⁇ Y relative to the paths of the previous scan.
  • the reference N denotes the order of the scan or re-scan of the pre-heating area 10, wherein N starts with 1 (for the first scan) and goes to a maximum value that, in this example, is 20 (for the last scan). Below, this maximum value of N is denoted N r .
  • Each scanning or re-scanning of the pre-heating area 10 has the effect of increasing the temperature of the powder bed that in turn has the effect of increasing the electrical conductivity of the powder.
  • the beam current can therefore be increased after each (re-)scanning procedure. How much the beam current can be increased between the scans depends on how much the conductivity can be increased in the preceding scan.
  • the beam current, the beam scanning velocity and the paths to be scanned are adapted such that the charge density around the position where the beam hits the powder is prevented from exceeding a critical limit above which discharge will occur.
  • a general function for describing the charge density that develops in the powder in an arbitrary scanning procedure will be a rather complex function of time and beam position since the charge density generated along one scanned path will be affected by the charge density generated along another scanned path if these paths are not very well separated in space and time. Thus, summation effects between different paths must be taken into account.
  • the beam scanning velocity is not solely determined by the fraction I/V s but also by the time period to that has to elapse before the beam can return to the same position.
  • the required time period that must be allowed to elapse before a certain position of the powder layer can be scanned decreases with increasing distance from the previously scanned position.
  • t p is assumed to have values between 0 and to, which means that summation effects are considered to be negligible for sufficient large values of r.
  • the scanning of the paths of the pre-heating area 10 must be arranged such that the paths become sufficiently separated in time and/or space so as to avoid undesirable charge summation effects in the pre-heating powder layer area 10. This holds both for charge summation effects as discussed above and for energy summation effects wherein the amounts of energy deposited along two paths add together so as to locally raise the temperature too much.
  • Consecutively scanned paths such as P4.2 and P5.2 in figure 2 , must be physically separated to a higher extent than other scanned paths since the time period elapsed between consecutively scanned paths is shorter (provided that the paths are of equal length and an equal time period between start of the scan of each individual path).
  • Table 1 shows an example of proper values of V s , I 0 , ⁇ l, N r , ⁇ Y and ⁇ Y for a certain powder layer area (L x , L y ), a certain accelerating voltage (60 kV), and a certain, commercially available, powder (gas atomized ELI Ti6Al4V).
  • the same value of ⁇ Y is used independently of the values of L x and L y because ⁇ Y also affects the surface finish of the completed three-dimensional product. It is also important that the total energy deposited per area unit is evenly distributed in order to keep the temperature as even as possible over the powder area in question irrespective of the values of L x and L y .
  • t 0 L y / ⁇ Y • L x / V s
  • k r t 0 - L x / V s / ⁇ Y
  • k 1 l 0 / V s
  • k 2 ⁇ l / V s
  • k 3 l 0 + N r • ⁇ l • N r / V s • ⁇ Y • 2
  • t 0 is the minimum time period that must be allowed to pass before the beam returns to (the close vicinity of) a previously scanned path (i.e. to is the time period that has to elapse before the beam can return from e.g.
  • k 1 is proportional to the maximum amount of charge deposited per mm of the paths during the first scan of the pre-heating area 10;
  • k 2 is proportional to the maximum charge deposition increase per mm for each re-scan of the pre-heating area 10; and
  • k 3 is proportional to an average energy deposition per mm 2 required for keeping the powder surface at a certain temperature.
  • k 1 and k 2 are maximum values that should not be exceeded.
  • the factor k 3 is a form of guideline value but can be seen as a maximum value that should not be exceeded for the purpose of speeding up the process.
  • these limiting parameters can be obtained by using the empirically obtained values in table 1. After having obtained these limiting parameters, they can be used to calculate the five unknown parameters V s , I 0 , ⁇ l, N r and ⁇ Y for arbitrary values of L x and L y , as long as ⁇ Y is kept at almost the same value. Some care has to be taken since the fractions L y / ⁇ Y and ⁇ Y/ ⁇ Y have to be integers, Thus, the parameters may be determined in an iterative way where, for instance, L x is kept fixed whereas L y and ⁇ Y are allowed to vary somewhat.
  • pre-heating of the powder layer may be performed over a rectangular powder layer area that encloses all parts of the powder that are to be fused together. This may, however, be an inefficient approach since, depending on the form of the product to be produced; an unnecessarily large powder area might be heated up.
  • Figure 3 schematically shows, in a vertical view, three examples of different shapes of powder layers that are to be fused together as to form a part of the product 3.
  • Figure 3 also shows the corresponding pre-heating areas 10 (dashed lines) and some selected paths P (thin solid lines) to be followed during the pre-heating scan.
  • Figure 3a shows a product 3 that, at least in this particular layer, has an oval shape with a hole in the middle, whereas figures 3b and 3c show products 3 having a rectangular and a circular shape, respectively.
  • the shapes of the pre-heating areas 10 have the same principal shape as the product, i.e. as the shape of the powder layer to be fused, but the pre-heating areas 10 are enlarged as to enclose the parts that are to be melted together.
  • the size of each pre-heating area 10 is adapted such that a certain security margin 12 is formed with respect to the corresponding part 3 of the powder layer that is to be fused together.
  • the security margin 12 should be sufficient for ensuring that the whole product area 3, including its close surroundings, is properly pre-heated, i.e. such that the temperature and electrical conductivity of the powder layer do not change abruptly at the outer border of the parts that are to be fused together.
  • the security margin 12 should be at least 6 mm.
  • the magnitude of the security margin 12 should be increased with decreasing heat and/or electrical conductivity of the powder.
  • the lengths of the paths may vary. In such cases it may be needed to adjust some parameters, such as the minimum security distance ⁇ Y, to take into account that some paths takes shorter time to scan.
  • the powder used has a very low electrical conductivity, and/or if the distance is unusually long between the parts of the powder layer that are to be fused together, it may be necessary to pre-heat also parts of the powder layer that are not to be fused together in order to allow the beam to "jump" between the parts that are to be fused together. Otherwise, when repeatedly jumping over the same not-to-be-fused area, the charge distribution density in this area may exceed the critical value.
  • jump refers to the situation when the beam quickly is moved from one position to another, for instance from an end position of a path to a starting position of the next path to be scanned. In some applications it may be favourable to "jump” instead of switching the beam on and off.
  • a solidifying method step may follow in which the beam energy can be further increased as to melt or sinter the powder grains together.
  • the inventive method is capable of producing a homogeneously sintered powder layer area. Such sintered areas will increase the heat conductivity in the powder and thus minimize the possibility of having too large temperature gradients in the interface between melted metal and powder in the subsequent melting step.
  • the invention is not limited by the embodiments described above but can be modified in various ways within the scope of the claims. For instance, if the ratio L x /V s is large, it is possible to position the subsequent path close to the path just scanned. In such a case the security distance ⁇ Y may be set equal to the interspacing distance ⁇ Y, i.e. the same paths are scanned in each re-scan.
  • the paths do not necessarily have to be straight and parallel lines.
  • a path pattern simplifies the labour of finding a path pattern and path scanning order that works in practice, considering summation effects etc.
  • Using straight and parallel paths also simplifies the control of the beam during scanning.

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Gegenstände (3) Schicht für Schicht unter Verwendung eines pulverförmigen Materials (5), das gehärtet werden kann, indem es mit einem hochenergetischen Elektronenstrahl bestrahlt wird, wobei das Verfahren einen Vorwärmschritt mit dem allgemeinen Zweck umfasst, das pulverförmige Material (5) auf homogene Weise vorzuwärmen, gefolgt von einem Härtungsschritt mit dem allgemeinen Zweck, das pulverförmige Material zu verschmelzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vorwärmschritt den folgenden Unterschritt umfasst:
    - Abtasten eines Vorwärmpulverschichtbereichs (10) durch Führen des Strahls über Wege (P1.1 - P5.20), die über den Vorwärmpulverschichtbereich (10) verteilt sind, wobei nacheinander abgetastete Wege (PM.N, P(M+1).N) wenigstens mit einem Mindestsicherheitsabstand (ΔY) voneinander entfernt sind, wobei der Mindestsicherheitsabstand (ΔY) dazu eingestellt ist, unerwünschte Ladungssummierungswirkungen im Vorwärmpulverschichtbereich (10) aus nacheinander abgetasteten Wegen zu verhindern, wobei der Vorwärmpulverschichtbereich (10) größer als ein entsprechender Teil (3) der Pulverschicht ist, die im nachfolgenden Härtungsschritt verschmolzen werden soll, und dadurch einen Sicherheitsrand (12) in Bezug darauf bildet.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass der Vorwärmschritt ferner den folgenden Unterschritt umfasst:
    - erneutes Abtasten des Vorwärmpulverschichtbereichs (10).
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Wege, denen während eines erneuten Abtastens des Vorwärmpulverschichtbereichs (10) gefolgt wird, in Bezug auf die Wege, denen während einer vorherigen Abtastung des Vorwärmpulverschichtbereichs (10) gefolgt wurde, um einen Zwischenraumabstand (δY) versetzt sind, wobei der Zwischenraumabstand (δY) kleiner als der Mindestsicherheitsabstand (ΔY) ist.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Leistung des Strahls während des Vorwärmschritts erhöht wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 und Anspruch 2 oder 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Leistung des Strahls zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Abtastungen oder erneuten Abtastungen des Vorwärmpulverschichtbereichs (10) schrittweise erhöht wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Strahlleistung durch Erhöhen des Strahlstroms erhöht wird.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Wege (PM.N) von einem Ende (x = 0) zum anderen (x = Lx) abgetastet werden.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Wege (PM.N) im Wesentlichen parallel sind.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Wege (PM.N) im Wesentlichen gerade Linien bilden.
  10. Vorrichtung (1) zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Gegenstände (3) Schicht für Schicht unter Verwendung eines pulverförmigen Materials (5), das gehärtet werden kann, indem es mit einem hochenergetischen Elektronenstrahl bestrahlt wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Vorrichtung eine Steuereinheit (8) umfasst, die zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1-9 ausgebildet ist.
EP06758093.6A 2006-07-27 2006-07-27 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen objekten Active EP2049289B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE2006/000917 WO2008013483A1 (en) 2006-07-27 2006-07-27 Method and device for producing three-dimensional objects

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2049289A1 EP2049289A1 (de) 2009-04-22
EP2049289A4 EP2049289A4 (de) 2012-07-04
EP2049289B1 true EP2049289B1 (de) 2014-04-30

Family

ID=38981723

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06758093.6A Active EP2049289B1 (de) 2006-07-27 2006-07-27 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen objekten

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US8187521B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2049289B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5108884B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101271243B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101479064B (de)
WO (1) WO2008013483A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (174)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0317387D0 (en) 2003-07-25 2003-08-27 Univ Loughborough Method and apparatus for combining particulate material
DE112008000475T5 (de) * 2007-02-23 2010-07-08 The Ex One Company Austauschbarer Fertigungsbehälter für dreidimensionalen Drucker
US10226919B2 (en) 2007-07-18 2019-03-12 Voxeljet Ag Articles and structures prepared by three-dimensional printing method
DE102007050953A1 (de) 2007-10-23 2009-04-30 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
WO2009084991A1 (en) 2008-01-03 2009-07-09 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for producing three-dimensional objects
EP2224038A1 (de) * 2009-02-10 2010-09-01 BAE Systems PLC Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gegenstands
US20110305590A1 (en) * 2009-02-10 2011-12-15 Bae Systems Plc Method of fabricating an object
EP2454039B1 (de) 2009-07-15 2014-09-03 Arcam Ab Verfahren zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen objekten
BR112012003683A2 (pt) 2009-08-19 2016-03-29 Smith & Nephew Inc estruturas de implante porosas
AU2010295585B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2015-10-08 Sciaky, Inc. Electron beam layer manufacturing
GB0917936D0 (en) 2009-10-13 2009-11-25 3D Printer Aps Three-dimensional printer
DE102010006939A1 (de) 2010-02-04 2011-08-04 Voxeljet Technology GmbH, 86167 Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
DE102010013732A1 (de) 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
EP2555902B1 (de) 2010-03-31 2018-04-25 Sciaky Inc. Raster-scanverfahren zum schichtweisen-aufbau mittels eines elekronenstrahls mit einer geschlossenen regelschleife
DE102010014969A1 (de) 2010-04-14 2011-10-20 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
DE102010015451A1 (de) 2010-04-17 2011-10-20 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Objekte
DE102010056346A1 (de) 2010-12-29 2012-07-05 Technische Universität München Verfahren zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
DE102011007957A1 (de) 2011-01-05 2012-07-05 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbauen eines Schichtenkörpers mit wenigstens einem das Baufeld begrenzenden und hinsichtlich seiner Lage einstellbaren Körper
KR101820553B1 (ko) 2011-01-28 2018-01-19 아르켐 에이비 3차원 물체를 생산하기 위한 방법
GB2493398B (en) 2011-08-05 2016-07-27 Univ Loughborough Methods and apparatus for selectively combining particulate material
DE102011111498A1 (de) 2011-08-31 2013-02-28 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
FR2980380B1 (fr) * 2011-09-23 2015-03-06 Snecma Strategie de fabrication d'une piece metallique par fusion selective d'une poudre
FR2984778B1 (fr) 2011-12-23 2014-09-12 Michelin Soc Tech Procede et appareil pour realiser des objets tridimensionnels
US10144063B2 (en) 2011-12-28 2018-12-04 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for detecting defects in freeform fabrication
KR102182567B1 (ko) 2011-12-28 2020-11-24 아르켐 에이비 첨가적으로 제조되는 3차원 물품들의 레졸루션을 증가시키기 위한 방법 및 장치
US10189086B2 (en) 2011-12-28 2019-01-29 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for manufacturing porous three-dimensional articles
DE102012004213A1 (de) 2012-03-06 2013-09-12 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
JP5599957B2 (ja) 2012-03-09 2014-10-01 パナソニック株式会社 三次元形状造形物の製造方法
WO2013167194A1 (en) 2012-05-11 2013-11-14 Arcam Ab Powder distribution in additive manufacturing
DE102012010272A1 (de) 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle mit speziellen Bauplattformen und Antriebssystemen
DE102012012363A1 (de) 2012-06-22 2013-12-24 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Aufbauen eines Schichtenkörpers mit entlang des Austragbehälters bewegbarem Vorrats- oder Befüllbehälter
DE102012020000A1 (de) 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Voxeljet Ag 3D-Mehrstufenverfahren
DE102013004940A1 (de) 2012-10-15 2014-04-17 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von dreidimensionalen Modellen mit temperiertem Druckkopf
WO2014071968A1 (en) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-15 Arcam Ab Powder pre-processing for additive manufacturing
CN102941343B (zh) * 2012-11-16 2014-12-24 西北有色金属研究院 一种钛铝合金复杂零件的快速制造方法
DE102012022859A1 (de) 2012-11-25 2014-05-28 Voxeljet Ag Aufbau eines 3D-Druckgerätes zur Herstellung von Bauteilen
US9718129B2 (en) 2012-12-17 2017-08-01 Arcam Ab Additive manufacturing method and apparatus
WO2014095208A1 (en) 2012-12-17 2014-06-26 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for additive manufacturing
DE102013003303A1 (de) 2013-02-28 2014-08-28 FluidSolids AG Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Formteils mit einer wasserlöslichen Gussform sowie Materialsystem zu deren Herstellung
CN103173759B (zh) * 2013-03-13 2015-05-20 华中科技大学 一种粉床随动送铺粉机构
CN103173760A (zh) * 2013-03-18 2013-06-26 张翀昊 利用第二道激光束提高3d打印金属件的致密性的方法
US9550207B2 (en) 2013-04-18 2017-01-24 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for additive manufacturing
US9676031B2 (en) 2013-04-23 2017-06-13 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article
US9415443B2 (en) 2013-05-23 2016-08-16 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for additive manufacturing
US9468973B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2016-10-18 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for additive manufacturing
JP2015038237A (ja) * 2013-08-19 2015-02-26 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 積層造形物、粉末積層造形装置及び粉末積層造形方法
US9505057B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2016-11-29 Arcam Ab Powder distribution in additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
WO2015039817A1 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional article(s)
US9676032B2 (en) * 2013-09-20 2017-06-13 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing
DE102013018182A1 (de) 2013-10-30 2015-04-30 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von dreidimensionalen Modellen mit Bindersystem
US10434572B2 (en) 2013-12-19 2019-10-08 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing
DE102013018031A1 (de) 2013-12-02 2015-06-03 Voxeljet Ag Wechselbehälter mit verfahrbarer Seitenwand
DE102013020491A1 (de) 2013-12-11 2015-06-11 Voxeljet Ag 3D-Infiltrationsverfahren
US9802253B2 (en) 2013-12-16 2017-10-31 Arcam Ab Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
US10130993B2 (en) 2013-12-18 2018-11-20 Arcam Ab Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
US9789563B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2017-10-17 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing
EP2886307A1 (de) 2013-12-20 2015-06-24 Voxeljet AG Vorrichtung, Spezialpapier und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formteilen
US9789541B2 (en) 2014-03-07 2017-10-17 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
DE102014004692A1 (de) 2014-03-31 2015-10-15 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den 3D-Druck mit klimatisierter Verfahrensführung
US20150283613A1 (en) 2014-04-02 2015-10-08 Arcam Ab Method for fusing a workpiece
WO2015155745A1 (en) * 2014-04-10 2015-10-15 Ge Avio S.R.L. Process for forming a component by means of additive manufacturing, and powder dispensing device for carrying out such a process
CN105014961A (zh) * 2014-04-29 2015-11-04 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 3d打印装置及其振镜扫描控制方法
DE102014007584A1 (de) 2014-05-26 2015-11-26 Voxeljet Ag 3D-Umkehrdruckverfahren und Vorrichtung
WO2015196149A1 (en) 2014-06-20 2015-12-23 Velo3D, Inc. Apparatuses, systems and methods for three-dimensional printing
US10946556B2 (en) 2014-08-02 2021-03-16 Voxeljet Ag Method and casting mold, in particular for use in cold casting methods
MX2017002240A (es) 2014-08-20 2017-05-09 Etxe-Tar S A Metodo y sistema para fabricacion aditiva usando un haz de luz.
US9341467B2 (en) 2014-08-20 2016-05-17 Arcam Ab Energy beam position verification
JP5893112B1 (ja) * 2014-10-06 2016-03-23 株式会社ソディック 積層造形装置
DE102014222302A1 (de) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Herstellen eines Bauteils durch Selektives Laserschmelzen
US10786865B2 (en) 2014-12-15 2020-09-29 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing
DE102015006533A1 (de) 2014-12-22 2016-06-23 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mit Schichtaufbautechnik
US9406483B1 (en) 2015-01-21 2016-08-02 Arcam Ab Method and device for characterizing an electron beam using an X-ray detector with a patterned aperture resolver and patterned aperture modulator
WO2016119898A1 (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Generating 3d objects
DE102015202964A1 (de) 2015-02-18 2016-08-18 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
DE102015003372A1 (de) 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mit Doppelrecoater
US20160271732A1 (en) * 2015-03-19 2016-09-22 Dm3D Technology, Llc Method of high rate direct material deposition
US11014161B2 (en) 2015-04-21 2021-05-25 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing
DE102015006363A1 (de) 2015-05-20 2016-12-15 Voxeljet Ag Phenolharzverfahren
US10449606B2 (en) * 2015-06-19 2019-10-22 General Electric Company Additive manufacturing apparatus and method for large components
US11478983B2 (en) 2015-06-19 2022-10-25 General Electric Company Additive manufacturing apparatus and method for large components
JP6483551B2 (ja) 2015-07-03 2019-03-13 株式会社アスペクト 粉末床溶融結合装置
DE102015213140A1 (de) * 2015-07-14 2017-01-19 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
WO2017019088A1 (en) 2015-07-30 2017-02-02 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Controlled heating for 3d printing
DE102015011503A1 (de) 2015-09-09 2017-03-09 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren zum Auftragen von Fluiden
DE102015011790A1 (de) 2015-09-16 2017-03-16 Voxeljet Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Formteile
US10807187B2 (en) 2015-09-24 2020-10-20 Arcam Ab X-ray calibration standard object
US11571748B2 (en) 2015-10-15 2023-02-07 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for producing a three-dimensional article
KR101726833B1 (ko) * 2015-10-28 2017-04-14 조선대학교산학협력단 플라즈마 전자빔을 이용한 철계·비철계 제품 쾌속 생산공정
JP2018535121A (ja) 2015-11-06 2018-11-29 ヴェロ・スリー・ディー・インコーポレイテッド 熟達した３次元印刷
WO2017081812A1 (ja) 2015-11-13 2017-05-18 技術研究組合次世代３Ｄ積層造形技術総合開発機構 ３次元積層造形装置、３次元積層造形装置の製造方法および３次元積層造形装置の製造プログラム
US10525531B2 (en) 2015-11-17 2020-01-07 Arcam Ab Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
US10610930B2 (en) 2015-11-18 2020-04-07 Arcam Ab Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
DE102015015353A1 (de) 2015-12-01 2017-06-01 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Bauteilen mittels Überschussmengensensor
US20170157857A1 (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-08 United Technologies Corporation Adjusting process parameters to reduce conglomerated powder
CN108472729A (zh) * 2015-12-09 2018-08-31 韩国生产技术研究院 可控制微观组织以及析出硬化的利用3d打印的金属材料的立体成型方法
US10183330B2 (en) 2015-12-10 2019-01-22 Vel03D, Inc. Skillful three-dimensional printing
CN108701162A (zh) * 2015-12-11 2018-10-23 Eos有限公司电镀光纤系统 用于检查逐层增材制造装置的输入数据集的方法和装置
US10434573B2 (en) 2016-02-18 2019-10-08 Velo3D, Inc. Accurate three-dimensional printing
DE102016203955A1 (de) 2016-03-10 2017-09-14 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Generatives Schichtbauverfahren mit verbesserter Detailauflösung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung desselben
US11247274B2 (en) 2016-03-11 2022-02-15 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article
JP6412049B2 (ja) * 2016-04-14 2018-10-24 ファナック株式会社 金属粉を供給しながらレーザを照射する加工部を移動させて積層造形を行う積層造形加工方法及び積層造形加工装置
US10549348B2 (en) 2016-05-24 2020-02-04 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing
US11325191B2 (en) 2016-05-24 2022-05-10 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing
US20170348792A1 (en) * 2016-06-01 2017-12-07 Arcam Ab Method for additive manufacturing
US10525547B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2020-01-07 Arcam Ab Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
WO2017216630A1 (en) * 2016-06-13 2017-12-21 Dmg Mori Co., Ltd. Systems and methods for temperature control in an additive manufacturing process
US11691343B2 (en) 2016-06-29 2023-07-04 Velo3D, Inc. Three-dimensional printing and three-dimensional printers
EP3263316B1 (de) 2016-06-29 2019-02-13 VELO3D, Inc. Dreidimensionales drucken und dreidimensionaler drucken
US10315409B2 (en) * 2016-07-20 2019-06-11 Xerox Corporation Method of selective laser sintering
US10649355B2 (en) 2016-07-20 2020-05-12 Xerox Corporation Method of making a polymer composite
ES2881458T3 (es) 2016-09-02 2021-11-29 Tech Res Association Future Additive Manufacturing Dispositivo de moldeo laminado tridimensional, procedimiento de control del dispositivo de moldeo laminado tridimensional y programa de control del dispositivo de moldeo laminado tridimensional
CN106626377B (zh) * 2016-10-25 2019-08-30 天津清研智束科技有限公司 实时检测粉床表面变形的增材制造方法及增材制造装置
US10792757B2 (en) 2016-10-25 2020-10-06 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for additive manufacturing
EP3532223A4 (de) * 2016-10-31 2020-04-29 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Fusion von metallischen partikeln
US20180126461A1 (en) 2016-11-07 2018-05-10 Velo3D, Inc. Gas flow in three-dimensional printing
US10457033B2 (en) 2016-11-07 2019-10-29 The Boeing Company Systems and methods for additively manufacturing composite parts
US11440261B2 (en) 2016-11-08 2022-09-13 The Boeing Company Systems and methods for thermal control of additive manufacturing
DE102016013610A1 (de) 2016-11-15 2018-05-17 Voxeljet Ag Intregierte Druckkopfwartungsstation für das pulverbettbasierte 3D-Drucken
US10843452B2 (en) 2016-12-01 2020-11-24 The Boeing Company Systems and methods for cure control of additive manufacturing
US10987752B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2021-04-27 Arcam Ab Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
US20180186082A1 (en) 2017-01-05 2018-07-05 Velo3D, Inc. Optics in three-dimensional printing
CN109716480B (zh) 2017-01-12 2021-02-19 爱德万测试株式会社 三维分层建模装置的电子束列、三维分层建模装置、以及三维分层建模方法
CN106825569B (zh) * 2017-03-02 2018-12-11 天津清研智束科技有限公司 具有预热功能的增材制造方法及增材制造装置
US20180250744A1 (en) 2017-03-02 2018-09-06 Velo3D, Inc. Three-dimensional printing of three-dimensional objects
US20180281282A1 (en) 2017-03-28 2018-10-04 Velo3D, Inc. Material manipulation in three-dimensional printing
US11059123B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2021-07-13 Arcam Ab Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
US20180311760A1 (en) * 2017-04-28 2018-11-01 Divergent Technologies, Inc. Powder-bed fusion beam scanning
DE102017207264A1 (de) * 2017-04-28 2018-10-31 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Homogenisierung des Energieeintrags
AU2018273352B2 (en) 2017-05-22 2023-07-27 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Device for in-situ fabrication process monitoring and feedback control of an electron beam additive manufacturing process
US11292062B2 (en) * 2017-05-30 2022-04-05 Arcam Ab Method and device for producing three-dimensional objects
US11084097B2 (en) * 2017-06-23 2021-08-10 Applied Materials, Inc. Additive manufacturing with cell processing recipes
JP6887896B2 (ja) * 2017-06-28 2021-06-16 日本電子株式会社 ３次元積層造形装置
DE102017006860A1 (de) 2017-07-21 2019-01-24 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mit Spektrumswandler
CN111050956B (zh) * 2017-09-06 2022-04-29 株式会社Ihi 三维造型装置以及三维造型方法
KR102056825B1 (ko) * 2017-09-28 2019-12-17 조선대학교산학협력단 플라즈마 전자빔을 이용한 금속분말을 예열 및 소결층 생성 공정
US11185926B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-11-30 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for additive manufacturing
WO2019070032A1 (ja) * 2017-10-06 2019-04-11 株式会社Ihi 三次元造形装置及び三次元造形方法
JP6919714B2 (ja) * 2017-10-31 2021-08-18 株式会社Ihi 三次元造形装置及び三次元造形方法
JP7024328B2 (ja) 2017-10-31 2022-02-24 株式会社Ihi 金属部材の作製方法
US10529070B2 (en) 2017-11-10 2020-01-07 Arcam Ab Method and apparatus for detecting electron beam source filament wear
CN108057886B (zh) * 2017-11-17 2019-07-26 深圳市圆梦精密技术研究院 电子选区熔化的扫描方法
JP6405028B1 (ja) * 2017-11-17 2018-10-17 株式会社ソディック 積層造形装置
US11072117B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2021-07-27 Arcam Ab Platform device
US10821721B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2020-11-03 Arcam Ab Method for analysing a build layer
US11517975B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2022-12-06 Arcam Ab Enhanced electron beam generation
US10272525B1 (en) 2017-12-27 2019-04-30 Velo3D, Inc. Three-dimensional printing systems and methods of their use
US10144176B1 (en) 2018-01-15 2018-12-04 Velo3D, Inc. Three-dimensional printing systems and methods of their use
DE102018202506A1 (de) * 2018-02-19 2019-08-22 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Additives Herstellverfahren mit kontrollierter Verfestigung und zugehörige Vorrichtung
US10800101B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2020-10-13 Arcam Ab Compact build tank for an additive manufacturing apparatus
US11267051B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2022-03-08 Arcam Ab Build tank for an additive manufacturing apparatus
US11400519B2 (en) 2018-03-29 2022-08-02 Arcam Ab Method and device for distributing powder material
JP7460544B2 (ja) 2018-04-23 2024-04-02 マテリアライズ・ナムローゼ・フエンノートシャップ レーザ焼結における熱制御
JP7196918B2 (ja) 2018-06-26 2022-12-27 株式会社Ihi 三次元造形装置
AU2019206103A1 (en) 2018-07-19 2020-02-06 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. System and process for in-process electron beam profile and location analyses
CN109465447A (zh) * 2018-11-26 2019-03-15 南京航空航天大学 一种三激光辅助预热缓冷的增材制造方法及设备
EP3917705A1 (de) * 2019-01-29 2021-12-08 Freemelt Ab Punktvorwärmung
DE102019000796A1 (de) 2019-02-05 2020-08-06 Voxeljet Ag Wechselbare Prozesseinheit
US11686889B2 (en) 2019-02-28 2023-06-27 General Electric Company Systems and methods for direct laser melting of metals using non-diffracting laser beams
EP3705211A1 (de) * 2019-03-05 2020-09-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur erwärmung eines basismaterials in der generativen fertigung
DE102019208837A1 (de) * 2019-06-18 2020-12-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von formkomplexen dreidimensionalen Bauteilen
DE102019208836A1 (de) * 2019-06-18 2020-12-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von formkomplexen dreidimensionalen Bauteilen
WO2021003309A2 (en) * 2019-07-02 2021-01-07 Nikon Corporation Selective sintering and powderbed containment for additive manufacturing
JP6954963B2 (ja) * 2019-09-09 2021-10-27 日本電子株式会社 ３次元積層造形方法及び３次元積層造形装置
DE102019007595A1 (de) 2019-11-01 2021-05-06 Voxeljet Ag 3d-druckverfahren und damit hergestelltes formteil unter verwendung von ligninsulfat
CN111266584B (zh) * 2020-04-14 2022-02-11 天津清研智束科技有限公司 一种增材制造方法
DE102020112719A1 (de) 2020-05-11 2021-11-11 Pro-Beam Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Verfahren sowie Anlage zum Bearbeiten eines pulverförmigen Werkstoffes zur additiven Herstellung eines Werkstücks
US11925981B2 (en) 2020-06-29 2024-03-12 Arcam Ab Method, apparatus and control unit for selectively sintering a powder layer in additive manufacturing processes to achieve a future, desired heat conductivity
WO2022009371A1 (en) * 2020-07-09 2022-01-13 Lixil Corporation Method for additive manufacture of component
CN111804916B (zh) * 2020-08-27 2020-12-29 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 一种电子束3d打印粉床预热方法
EP4008455A1 (de) * 2020-12-03 2022-06-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verschmelzen von einem oder mehreren querschnitten durch elektronenstrahlpulverbettfusion
EP4288231A1 (de) * 2021-02-02 2023-12-13 Materialise NV Erwärmungstechniken zur generativen fertigung
JP7390327B2 (ja) * 2021-03-19 2023-12-01 日本電子株式会社 三次元積層造形装置および三次元積層造形方法
JP2023013543A (ja) * 2021-07-16 2023-01-26 日本電子株式会社 三次元積層造形装置および三次元積層造形方法
CN113351885B (zh) * 2021-08-11 2021-11-30 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 高能束扫描路径规划方法、增材制造方法及装置

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4863538A (en) * 1986-10-17 1989-09-05 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Method and apparatus for producing parts by selective sintering
US5609813A (en) * 1988-04-18 1997-03-11 3D Systems, Inc. Method of making a three-dimensional object by stereolithography
US5217583A (en) * 1991-01-30 1993-06-08 University Of Cincinnati Composite electrode for electrochemical processing and method for using the same in an electrolytic process for producing metallic aluminum
JPH058307A (ja) * 1991-07-08 1993-01-19 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 光学的造形法
JP3218769B2 (ja) * 1993-02-01 2001-10-15 ソニー株式会社 光学的造形方法
US5427733A (en) * 1993-10-20 1995-06-27 United Technologies Corporation Method for performing temperature-controlled laser sintering
DE4400523C2 (de) * 1994-01-11 1996-07-11 Eos Electro Optical Syst Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
RU2145269C1 (ru) 1995-06-16 2000-02-10 Самарский филиал Физического института им.П.Н.Лебедева РАН Способ изготовления объемных изделий из порошковой композиции
US5817206A (en) * 1996-02-07 1998-10-06 Dtm Corporation Selective laser sintering of polymer powder of controlled particle size distribution
US6007764A (en) * 1998-03-27 1999-12-28 United Technologies Corporation Absorption tailored laser sintering
JP4739507B2 (ja) 2000-11-29 2011-08-03 株式会社アスペクト ３次元造形装置
GB2378151A (en) 2001-07-31 2003-02-05 Dtm Corp Fabricating a three-dimensional article from powder
SE524467C2 (sv) 2002-12-13 2004-08-10 Arcam Ab Anordning för framställande av en tredimensionell produkt, där anordningen innefattar ett hölje
SE524439C2 (sv) * 2002-12-19 2004-08-10 Arcam Ab Anordning samt metod för framställande av en tredimensionell produkt
DE102004009127A1 (de) * 2004-02-25 2005-09-15 Bego Medical Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Produkten durch Sintern und/oder Schmelzen
US20050263934A1 (en) 2004-05-28 2005-12-01 3D Systems, Inc. Single side feed parked powder wave heating with wave flattener
US7569174B2 (en) * 2004-12-07 2009-08-04 3D Systems, Inc. Controlled densification of fusible powders in laser sintering
CN2761319Y (zh) * 2004-12-15 2006-03-01 华中科技大学 一种直接制造金属零件的快速成形系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2009544501A (ja) 2009-12-17
EP2049289A1 (de) 2009-04-22
WO2008013483A1 (en) 2008-01-31
EP2049289A4 (de) 2012-07-04
JP5108884B2 (ja) 2012-12-26
CN101479064A (zh) 2009-07-08
US8187521B2 (en) 2012-05-29
US20100007062A1 (en) 2010-01-14
CN101479064B (zh) 2011-08-31
KR20090049576A (ko) 2009-05-18
US20120211926A1 (en) 2012-08-23
KR101271243B1 (ko) 2013-06-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2049289B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von dreidimensionalen objekten
RU2401179C1 (ru) Способ и устройство для изготовления трехмерных объектов
RU2729279C1 (ru) Оборудование для аддитивного производства с применением комбинированного процесса селективного электронно-лучевого плавления и электронно-лучевой резки
EP3536423B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung dreidimensionaler objekte
US11097349B2 (en) Method and system for additive manufacturing using a light beam
US11597141B2 (en) Method and device for producing a three-dimensional object
EP2847782B1 (de) Verwendung einer Plasma-Elektronenquelle für additive Fertigung
US7452500B2 (en) Method and apparatus for making products by sintering and/or melting
US20170304895A1 (en) Additive manufacturing apparatus and method
WO2015155745A1 (en) Process for forming a component by means of additive manufacturing, and powder dispensing device for carrying out such a process
EP3059031B1 (de) Vorrichtung für dreidimensionales drucken , steuerungsverfahren für die vorrichtung für dreidimensionales drucken und steuerungsprogramm
CN111182985B (zh) 三维造型装置以及三维造型方法
EP3517276B1 (de) Verfahren zur generativen fertigung von einem dreidimensionalen objekt
US20230141138A1 (en) Phase control in additive manufacturing

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20081211

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20120606

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B29C 67/00 20060101ALI20120531BHEP

Ipc: B22F 3/105 20060101AFI20120531BHEP

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20121030

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20140303

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602006041316

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20140612

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602006041316

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20150202

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602006041316

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20150202

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 11

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230414

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20230620

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230621

Year of fee payment: 18

P02 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) changed

Effective date: 20230622

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20230620

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230620

Year of fee payment: 18