EP2016387A1 - Messeinrichtung zur bestimmung der materialparameter von festen materialproben - Google Patents
Messeinrichtung zur bestimmung der materialparameter von festen materialprobenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2016387A1 EP2016387A1 EP07727081A EP07727081A EP2016387A1 EP 2016387 A1 EP2016387 A1 EP 2016387A1 EP 07727081 A EP07727081 A EP 07727081A EP 07727081 A EP07727081 A EP 07727081A EP 2016387 A1 EP2016387 A1 EP 2016387A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sample
- measuring device
- actuator
- sample holder
- piezoelectric element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/38—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by electromagnetic means
-
- G01N33/0083—
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
- G01N2203/0008—High frequencies from 10 000 Hz
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
- G01N2203/0051—Piezoelectric means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
Definitions
- Measuring device for determining the material parameters of solid material samples
- the invention relates to a measuring device for determining the material parameters of solid material samples.
- the invention has for its object to provide a measuring device for determining the material parameters of solid material samples of a material with simple measures.
- the material parameters of brake linings for vehicles should be able to be determined under the operating conditions typical for brake squeal.
- the material parameters such as modulus of elasticity and damping coefficient of a solid material sample of a basically arbitrary material can be determined.
- Further areas of application of the measuring device according to the invention may be the examination of porous materials or of plastics which are used, for example, for vibration damping, or of composite materials which are loaded with high-frequency vibrations.
- a simply constructed measuring device for determining the material parameters material samples for example of brake pads, consists of at least one actuator, which comprises at least one electrically excitable piezoelectric element, and a Sample holder, in which the examining material sample is received, wherein the actuator and the sample holder are arranged coaxially and therefore have a common longitudinal axis.
- the vibrations generated by the electrically excitable piezoelectric element are transmitted to the sample holder and the material sample received in the sample holder, which is accordingly likewise set in vibration.
- the vibration excitation is preferably carried out in a frequency range which includes the frequencies occurring during brake squeal and is advantageously in the kilohertz range, for example between 2 kHz and 6 kHz.
- the vibrations transmitted to the material sample are measured, for example, with the aid of piezo sensors, wherein the measured values can be evaluated in the form of an electrical or mechanical frequency response during excitation over a given frequency spectrum, the ratio of current strength to excitation voltage or mechanical transmission function as electrical transfer function Represents the ratio of the speed of displacement to the excitation voltage.
- These frequency responses correlate with the modulus of elasticity and the damping coefficient of the material sample, so that the desired parameters of the material sample can be deduced from the measured values which are obtained during a vibration excitation via the piezoelements.
- the material parameters of the examined material sample can be determined from known relationships by evaluation.
- the preload transferred to the material sample can be determined by suitable means such as strain gauges.
- piezoelectric element which propagate along the longitudinal axis of the measuring device, ie along the actuator axis or the Spread the longitudinal axis of the sample holder.
- piezoelectric elements can be combined to form a stack. These piezo elements are held together between two terminal pieces of the actuator and are excited via a power electronics to the desired vibrations.
- the entire measuring device is excited to determine the parameters in the resonance range, such that the range of the excitation frequency comprises the resonance frequency of the measuring device.
- the geometry of the measuring device and the material must be tuned to the desired operating frequency.
- the excitation takes place in such a way that both the or the piezo elements and the material sample are in each case in a vibration node of the impressed oscillation.
- the measuring device is preferably excited to long oscillations.
- alternative forms of vibration such as shearing or bending vibrations, can be used to determine the material parameters of the material sample.
- the determination of the tangential stiffness of the material sample can also be considered by means of a suitably prepared construction.
- the material sample is advantageously biased.
- the sample holder on a suitable bias unit, via the material sample can be placed under the desired preload.
- the material sample is accommodated in a sleeve, at the two open end sides of each of which a sample rod is held in a force-locking manner, wherein the axial position of the sample rods and thus also the force acting on the sample force is variable.
- the opposite sample rods are connected via a right-hand and a left-hand thread to the sleeve, which opens up the possibility of applying torsion-free over the end faces of the sample rods, a tension on the material sample in the axial direction.
- a recess for example in the form of a slot to allow the attachment of a measuring unit, in particular a non-contact measuring unit such as a laser vibrometer on the material sample or a piezoelectric sensor for measuring the amplitude of vibration.
- a measuring unit in particular a non-contact measuring unit such as a laser vibrometer on the material sample or a piezoelectric sensor for measuring the amplitude of vibration.
- the bias voltage can be measured.
- Fig. 1 is an illustration of the stabformigen measuring device with an actuator containing a stack of six piezoelectric elements for vibration generation, and an axially adjoining the actuator sample part in which a sample holder is recorded with a material sample to which the material parameters are to be determined .
- 2 is an enlarged view of the actuator from the region of the piezo stack,
- FIG 3 shows an enlarged view of the sample holder from the sample part with the material sample received therein.
- the measuring device 1 shown in Fig. 1 - also called converter - is suitable for generating long oscillations, which act on a material sample 9, for example, a brake pad for vehicles, measured via measuring units expansions, voltages or correlating values as a result of the vibration excitation and Determination of material parameters of the material sample are used.
- the measuring device 1 has a rod-shaped construction and comprises an actuator 2 and a sample part 3, which adjoins the actuator at the end side and is arranged coaxially with the actuator 2; Actuator 2 and the sample part 3 have the same longitudinal axis 12.
- the actuator 2 consists of a piezo stack 6 between two clamping pieces 4 and 5, of which the marginal Klemmstuck 4 is cylindrical and the sample part 3 facing Klemmstuck 5 konusformig with decreasing in the direction of the sample part 3 diameter, wherein the sample part facing end face the same diameter as an adapter piece 7, via which the transition to the sample part 3 is produced.
- the adapter piece 7 has the same diameter as the adjoining component on the sample part 3.
- the conical clamping piece 5 serves to amplify the amplitude.
- the piezo stack 6 is arranged with a plurality of individual piezo elements, which have a power electronics with AC voltage in the desired Excitation frequency are applied, whereupon the piezoelectric elements with the appropriate frequency in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12 expand or contract, which triggers the desired long oscillations.
- a vibration amplification is achieved.
- the combined in the stack 6 piezo elements 13 are acted upon synchronously with AC voltage.
- the entire measuring device 1 is expediently floating in order to avoid unwanted vibration nodes, which could arise in the case of a clamping.
- the actuator 2 is excited with the piezo elements in a frequency range between about 2 kHz and about 6 kHz; this frequency range includes the frequencies typical for brake squeal, which are exemplary in the range of 3.8 kHz.
- the piezo stack 6 consists of a plurality of parallel, directly adjoining individual piezo elements 13.
- a total of six piezo elements are provided, each of which has a disc shape and a central recess. through which a connecting screw 14 is guided, which holds together the two clamping pieces 4 and 5 on both sides of the piezo stack 6 and secures the individual piezo elements 13 between the clamping pieces 4 and 5.
- the screw 14 is axially guided in the region of the piezo stack 6 by a Schutzhulse 15.
- the individual piezoelectric elements 6 are connected to the power electronics and are supplied via this with AC voltage in the desired frequency.
- the sample part 3 is shown with the sample holder 8 in an enlarged view and partially cut away.
- the sample holder 8 is designed as a sleeve, in the end faces of the sample rods 10 and 11 are screwed.
- the two sample rods via differently oriented threads, ie via a right-hand thread and a left-hand thread with the sample holder 8, which opens up the possibility, recorded in the sample holder 8, disk-shaped material sample 9 at its two faces torsion from the facing end faces of the sample rods 10 or 11 to be acted upon.
- the sample holder 8 has a greater axial extent than the material sample 9, wherein a slot-shaped, extending in the axial direction recess 16 is introduced into the wall of the sample holder 8 at the level of the material sample, so that in the region of this recess 16, the material sample 9 is exposed and measurements can be performed on the material sample. These measurements can be done either touching or non-contact; For example, strain gauges or non-contact scanning measuring devices and methods are possible.
- the measuring device is set into longitudinal vibrations by actuation of the piezoelectric elements after application of a prestressing force acting on the material sample, with expansions, stresses or related parameters being recorded at the level of the material sample.
- the electrical frequency response I / U (so-called input admittance) from the ratio of current I to voltage U and the mechanical frequency response v / U (so-called core admittance) from the ratio of shift speed v at the peak the sample rod 11, measured in the longitudinal direction, to excitation voltage U are determined.
- the sought material parameters E modulus E and damping coefficient tan ⁇ can be determined according to established relationships.
- the modulus E is mathematically composed of a real part E ', which designates the memory part, and an imaginary part E ", which designates the dissipation part, together:
- the damping coefficient tan ⁇ is determined from the ratio of imaginary part E "of the modulus of elasticity to the real part E ':
- the determination of the modulus of elasticity E and of the damping coefficient tan ⁇ can also be based on the course of measured values in the time domain.
- the measuring device is constructed as a stack longitudinal oscillator.
- shear or bending vibrations come as excitation vibrations into consideration.
- alternative cross-sectional shapes can be used both for the area of the piezoelectric elements and for the material sample.
- the measured values recorded in the measuring unit and related to the material sample are fed to a measured value evaluation unit in which the evaluation of the measured values is carried out.
- the evaluation unit the determination of the material parameters of the material sample takes place.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006020723A DE102006020723A1 (de) | 2006-05-04 | 2006-05-04 | Messeinrichtung zur Bestimmung der Materialparameter von festen Materialproben |
PCT/EP2007/052604 WO2007128615A1 (de) | 2006-05-04 | 2007-03-20 | Messeinrichtung zur bestimmung der materialparameter von festen materialproben |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2016387A1 true EP2016387A1 (de) | 2009-01-21 |
Family
ID=38134967
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07727081A Withdrawn EP2016387A1 (de) | 2006-05-04 | 2007-03-20 | Messeinrichtung zur bestimmung der materialparameter von festen materialproben |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100288038A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2016387A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2007247348A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006020723A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007128615A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010016329A1 (de) * | 2010-04-06 | 2011-10-06 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Schwingungsverhaltens eines Bremsbelags im Kraftfahrzeugbereich |
DE102013221096A1 (de) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-23 | Rolls-Royce Mechanical Test Operations Centre Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung mechanischer Schwingungen und Verfahren zur Berechnung der Resonanzfrequenz einer solchen Vorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2939923A1 (de) | 1979-10-02 | 1981-04-16 | Carl Schenck Ag, 6100 Darmstadt | Werkstoffpruefmaschine mit piezoelektrischem antrieb |
JP3833146B2 (ja) | 2002-06-19 | 2006-10-11 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 薄板の疲労試験装置および方法 |
DE102004053404A1 (de) * | 2004-11-05 | 2006-05-18 | Tutech Innovation Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Messung von Materialeigenschaften einer Probe |
DE102005003013B3 (de) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-09-28 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung zur dynamischen Belastungsprüfung einer Probe |
-
2006
- 2006-05-04 DE DE102006020723A patent/DE102006020723A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-03-20 US US12/299,392 patent/US20100288038A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-20 AU AU2007247348A patent/AU2007247348A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-20 EP EP07727081A patent/EP2016387A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-03-20 WO PCT/EP2007/052604 patent/WO2007128615A1/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2007128615A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007128615A1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
AU2007247348A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
DE102006020723A1 (de) | 2007-11-08 |
US20100288038A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS |
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RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20110414 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20130319 |