EP1961880B1 - Construction of finished components - Google Patents

Description

A waterproof prefabricated construction comprising at least one base cast in situ concrete and at least one prefabricated wall, wherein the prefabricated part wall is arranged in a first region on a peripheral region of the base substantially at right angles thereto, the prefabricated part wall being at least partially made of waterproof concrete, and wherein at least a joint seal in the region of a first butt joint and / or in the region of a second butt joint is formed, wherein the first butt joint between the base plate and the finished part wall and the second butt joint between the complete finished part wall and another full-finished part wall are formed.

The DE 39 38 541 A shows a white tub and a method of forming the white tub.

The EP 1 591 595 A describes a water-impermeable basement comprising a bottom plate and walls.

Such precast structures are increasingly used in precast houses and precast cellars. The permanent impermeability of the precast construction is particularly important. Neither rainwater nor groundwater and groundwater may lead to problem areas within the prefabricated walls and / or the baseplate. Therefore, the individual panels of the precast construction must be laboriously sealed and predetermined minimum wall thicknesses must be complied with so that water can not penetrate the walls and / or the base plate of the precast construction. In addition, it must be prevented that water permanently penetrates into the precast construction and thus it comes to deformations in the concrete, for example by freezing and / or corrosion of the reinforcement, and consequently to cracking in the concrete.

The penetration of water can be prevented by means of a flat surface coating. The disadvantage here is that vapor diffusion processes of the precast construction is limited and the quality of the surface coating can decrease over time, which leads to disturbing leaks of precast concrete construction, which often involves costly repair and maintenance with correspondingly high follow-up costs.

The penetration of water can also be prevented by means of a wall thickness of the parts of the prefabricated construction of over 25cm, as can be read, for example, in the guidelines of the standards institutes of some states, such as Austria and Germany. However, this wall thickness, for example, has the disadvantage of high weight and high material costs. In the occurring movements and displacements of the individual parts to each other, the interfaces can be damaged due to the high load and the high weight must be sufficiently secured. Therefore, the movements are often prevented by a reinforcement, the reinforcement also serves the crack width restriction in the individual parts of the precast construction. The disadvantage here is that in turn such voltages can occur in the individual parts and between the items and therefore must be worked with great care during assembly of the precast construction, otherwise the risk of cracking in and / or between the components of the precast construction is increased and that the reinforcement additionally increases the cost of materials and the weight of the prefabricated construction.

The object of the invention is to develop a prefabricated construction such that the ingress of water in the precast construction and the interior of a prefabricated construction designed by the building with great reliability and can be permanently prevented, the on-site assembly of the parts of the precast construction can be done easily, and the cost of materials and the total weight of the precast structure can be reduced.

According to the invention this is achieved in that the joint seal is formed on the outside of the prefabricated construction on the first butt joint and / or on the second butt joint, that between the strip-shaped seal and sealed from this strip-shaped seal first butt joint and / or second butt joint a predeterminable distance is formed, and that the finished part wall has a wall thickness in the range of 10cm to 20cm.

The advantage here is that the complete prefabricated wall is prefabricated and manufactured under such conditions under constant conditions, post-treated and stored. Steam diffusion processes - which are essential for the indoor climate - and / or water impermeability can be predetermined and manufactured with high reproducibility. The prefabricated wall can be made with a smaller wall thickness, while still ensuring the tightness of the item of precast construction. This results in weight advantages, easier installation and the cost of materials is reduced.

As a result, the first butt joint between the base plate and the full-finished part wall and / or the second butt joint between the full-finished part wall and another full-finished part wall on the one hand movable and on the other hand protected against penetrating water become. By the mobility of adjacent items in the butt joints constraint is reduced between them, so that lower forces between these individual components occur. The components, which must absorb less forces without the constraint occurring, can be formed with a smaller wall thickness.

When applied on the outside of the seal, these movements can be taken into account and additional ranges of motion can be provided so that the forming shear, defined by parallel displacement per unit travel normal to parallel displacement, can be predetermined and thus the shear forces can be further reduced. The load and the continuous load of the seal can be further reduced and the reliability of use of the seal can be further increased.

By reducing constraint between the parts of the precast structure, the stress on the parts can be reduced. Advantageously, it can be provided that the finished part wall has a wall thickness in the range of 13cm to 16cm, in particular 15cm. Thus, the weight of the finished panel and the weight of the precast construction can be substantially reduced. Weight and material savings of up to 30 percent are possible compared to conventional water-impermeable construction methods. As a result, both the cost of materials and the installation effort is simplified and consequently allows cost savings. Thinner walls also allow better use of the available building area. As a result, additional living space can be created without additional costs, or with the same living space, the external dimensions and construction costs can be further reduced.

Since the prefabricated part walls are finished before the on-site installation, no or only little reactive hardening of the complete prefabricated wall occurs on site. In this way, the on-site occurring dimensional changes of the finished part walls are smaller, the tolerances and butt joints can be made smaller and narrower and possibly occurring during reactive hardening dimensional changes cracks in the component can be controlled under production conditions and kept small. In the assembly trained butt joints can be spared and so the permanent quality and tightness of the joint seal can be ensured guaranteed.

In this context, it can be provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the joint seal is formed as a strip-shaped seal. As a result, the installation of the joint seals can be made particularly simple and the joint seal can be easily and inexpensively manufactured, stored and transported in great lengths.

The strip-shaped seal can also be on one or two sides with a connecting means, in particular an adhesive, be provided, whereby the application further simplified and a permanent contact between joint seal and the butt joint forming concrete can be ensured. In this case, the joint seal can be formed and / or glued on larger surfaces. A sealing effect can thus be generated permanently with high quality and operational safety. The sealing effect can also remain upright when move the items of precast construction to each other and so changed the width of each butt joint. Also, adjacent individual parts can also move parallel to one another, as a result of which high shear forces can occur in the seal in the butt joint.

According to another embodiment of the invention can be provided that the length, width and / or thickness of the joint seals in the region of the first butt joint and in the region of the second butt joint are different from each other and / or variable. As a result, different joint widths can be formed, so that the individual circumstances of the prefabricated construction can be dealt with in a particularly advantageous manner. Butt joints between items of precast construction, which must have higher mobility to each other, can be made wider than butt joints between items of precast construction, where no high mobility is needed to each other. The deformations of different sizes occurring at the butt joints can be taken into account in a particularly advantageous manner. When planning the prefabricated construction, these deformations can be taken into account and a prefabricated construction with low joint tolerances and small joint widths can be made possible, whereby those joints can be made widened targeted with above-average movements and deformations, so that the risk of constraint and cracking in the precast construction further minimized becomes.

In continuation of the invention can be provided that the joint seal made of plastic, in particular an elastomer, is formed and that the joint seal is placed on the finished part wall, on the base plate, in the first butt joint and / or in the second butt joint or on the outside of the Prefabricated construction over the first butt joint and / or formed over the second butt joint, in particular glued, is. As a result, the seal can be made of materials with particularly high durability and water impermeability. Plastics have a high Chemical resistance, so that even a coat of paint, the external cleaning and environmental influences, the tightness of the joint seal does not affect. A high elasticity and low tendency to cracking, as well as good applicability are further advantages of a joint seal made of plastic. In this case, the joint seal may also be formed in several pieces, wherein at least one of the individual parts of the multi-piece joint seal connected to the precast construction, in particular glued, and at least one other of the items of multi-part joint seal with the at least one item of multi-piece joint seal connected, in particular stuck together or glued , is.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the wall thickness of the finished part wall substantially corresponds to half the height of the base plate. As a result, the forces acting on the base plate are distributed evenly in an advantageous manner, wherein the base plate weight, material and cost can be formed.

Advantageously, it can be provided that, when a relative displacement occurs in one of the first butt joints or in one of the second butt joints, essentially the same relative displacement is formed in a joint seal which seals this butt joint or second butt joint. In this case, consideration can be given to the mobility of the adjacent individual parts of the first and / or the second butt joints in an advantageous manner, wherein the gap between the finished part wall and the base plate may be formed as Reibungsfuge. In this way, the frictional force between the finished part wall and the base plate is transmitted as the only force component, so that it is possible to dispense with additional reinforcement between the individual parts and to substantially reduce the occurrence of constraint and constraining forces. The sealing effect of the joint seal can be ensured both in temporary as well as permanent relative displacement in the butt joints.

In an advantageous manner, it can be provided that a predeterminable distance is formed between the strip-shaped seal and the first butt joint and / or second butt joint sealed by this strip-shaped seal. Such a cavity can be formed on the outside of the Ferrigteilkonstruktion over the butt joints. Shifts between the individual parts can take place, whereby these are not transferred directly to the overlying strip-shaped seal, so that in this no local Voltage peaks occur. The risk of cracking can be reduced so even without reinforcement between the adjacent items.

• Fig. 1 beispielsweise eine erfindungsgemäße Fertigteilkonstruktion mit Vollfertigteilwänden und Fugenabdichtungen in schematischer Darstellung im Schrägriss;
• Fig. 2 im Detail einen Teil der Fertigteilkonstruktion im Schnitt längs der Linie II - II der Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 im Detail einen Teil der Fertigteilkonstruktion im Schnitt längs der Linie III - III der Fig. 1;
• Fig. 4 eine alternative Ausgestaltung einer Vollfertigteilwand der erfindungsgemäßen Fertigteilkonstruktion im Schnitt längs der Linie I - I der Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung.

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments are shown by way of example. Showing:

• Fig. 1 For example, a prefabricated construction according to the invention with prefabricated walls and joint seals in a schematic representation in the oblique view;
• Fig. 2 in detail a part of the prefabricated construction in section along the line II - II of Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 3 in detail a part of the prefabricated construction in section along the line III - III Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 4 an alternative embodiment of a complete prefabricated wall of the prefabricated construction according to the invention in section along the line I - I of Fig. 1 in a schematic representation.

The Fig. 1 to 4 show - partly schematically, partly in detail - different embodiments, details and parts of a prefabricated construction 1 comprising at least one base plate 2 of in-situ concrete and at least one full-finished part wall 3, the full-finished part wall 3 in a first region 31 on a peripheral region 21 of the base plate 2 substantially is arranged at right angles to the same. The base plate 2 is - seen in the operating position - formed with a plurality of side surfaces of a lower deck surface and an upper deck surface 22. The base plate 2, which in particular can form a base plate, can be arranged in the position of use substantially horizontally in the prefabricated construction 1. The finished part wall 3, which can be arranged in the position of use substantially perpendicular in the precast construction, is placed in the edge region 21 of the base plate 2 on the upper top surface 22 of the base plate 2. Such is - seen in the position of use - in the finished part wall 3, an upper portion and a lower portion, which is further referred to as first portion 31 of the finished part wall 3, formed, wherein a lower side surface in the first region 31 of the finished part wall 3 delimiting them down. The finished part wall 3 is set at the lower side surface on the base plate 2.

Several prefabricated walls 3 next to each other and placed along a line on the base plate 2 allow the formation of a substantially flat wall side of the precast construction 1. The base plate 3 may be substantially rectangular and thus have four sides, so that four wall sides are formed in the precast construction, wherein each of the wall sides in particular comprises a plurality of complete prefabricated walls 3. Smaller wall sides, for example with an area of up to 3 by 3 meters, can also comprise a single complete prefabricated wall 3. Waterproof concrete, also known as WU Beton, is a special concrete formulation with a low concrete / cement value. This concrete with high water penetration resistance has a water penetration depth of less than 50 mm to be detected. For this purpose, the Kapillarporenraum in impermeable concrete be less than 20 percent by volume. Advantageously, by means of the use of water-impermeable concrete, preferably in the bottom region, ie in the region of a moist soil, in particular in the groundwater region, a full-surface sealing layer can be dispensed with. It is also advantageous that the complete prefabricated wall 3 is prefabricated and can be manufactured, treated and stored under constant conditions. Thus, the vapor diffusion processes which are essential to the indoor climate and why the wall's activity against the wall in terms of working language or respiratory activity, and / or water impermeability are predetermined and finished panels 3 can be made with high reproducibility. The percentage wall thickness fraction of the water-impermeable concrete at the wall thickness 36 of the finished part wall 3 can vary over the component surface, in particular over the component height 37 of the finished part wall 3. In this case, the wall thickness 36 of the impermeable concrete portion of the complete finished part wall, which consists essentially of impermeable concrete, in particular in the area of the ground and / or in the area of groundwater can be greater than the minimum 50 mm wall thickness required. Advantageously, the wall thickness 36 of the finished part wall 3 near the ground, beneath the ground and / or in the area of groundwater can be formed entirely of water-impermeable concrete and a higher water impermeability can be achieved in this area. Advantageously, both the water impermeability and the vapor diffusion capability of the finished part wall 3 can be adapted to the individual requirements of the prefabricated construction 1. In particular, areas of the prefabricated wall 3, which must have a higher resistance to water penetration must be formed by a higher proportion of water-impermeable concrete. The lower vapor diffusion activity occurring in this area can be compensated for in other areas of the complete precast wall 3 by a concrete mixture with higher vapor diffusion activity and low water penetration resistance formed there, so that the vapor diffusion activity of the entire complete prefabricated wall 3 and the entire prefabricated construction 1 can be improved.

Advantageously, the complete prefabricated wall 3 can be made essentially entirely of water-impermeable concrete. In this case, the entire outer side 11 of the finished part wall 3 is protected against ingress of water and the finished part wall 3 is impermeable to water in its entirety.

The Fig. 1 shows, for example, a prefabricated construction according to the invention with prefabricated walls and joint seals in a schematic view in an oblique view comprising at least one base plate 2 of in-situ concrete and at least one complete prefabricated wall 3, wherein the complete prefabricated wall 3 in a first region 31 on a peripheral region 21 of the base plate 2 substantially at right angles the same is arranged, wherein the finished part wall 3 is at least partially made of waterproof concrete, and joint seals 4, which may also be formed as strip-shaped seals 43.

Shown are the prefabricated construction 1, a plurality of complete prefabricated walls 3 and the base plate 2, first joints 41 and second joints 42. The base plate 2 is formed in prefabricated construction 1 by in-situ concrete and may in particular be made partially or largely of waterproof concrete. In-situ concrete, which is processed on-site at the construction site, allows easy processing and easy production of large and one-piece concrete slabs. After production of the base plate 2 on site, the finished part walls 3 can be delivered and placed on the base plate 2. In each of the complete prefabricated walls 3, a first region 31 is formed. This first region 31 is located - in the position of use - in the area of the lower side surface of the finished part wall 3 and the lower side surface of the finished part wall 3 is directly or by means of a connecting means with the upper deck surface 22 of the base plate 2, in particular with the edge region 21 of the base plate. 2 In prefabricated constructions 1 up to a certain maximum size, the base plate 2 can also be designed as a complete prefabricated part and transported as a prefabricated component to the place of assembly. This can shorten the assembly time of the precast structure 1. In Fig. 1 schematically three full prefabricated walls 3 of different surface dimensions are shown, wherein two of the finished part walls 3 are positioned along one line and thus form at least part of a wall side of the precast structure 1, and the third of the complete prefabricated walls 3 is positioned substantially normal to the other two full prefabricated walls 3 and forms a part of a wall side adjacent to the first wall side. The complete prefabricated walls 3 are preferably arranged in the peripheral area 21 of the base plate 2 all around, so that vertical complete prefabricated walls 3 are arranged on the entire circumference of the horizontal base plate 2.

The first joints 41 are formed between each of the plurality of complete prefabricated walls 3 and the base plate 2, ie between the first area 31 of the finished part walls 3 and edge-side area 21 of the base plate 2. The first butt joint 41 is - viewed in the use position of the precast structure 1 - upwards from the bounded lower side surface of each of the finished part walls 3 and downwardly from the edge region 21 of the base plate 2. The joint width of the first butt joint 41, that is to say the distance between the lower side surface of the finished part wall 3 and the upper cover surface 22 in the edge region 21 of the base plate 2, can be between 5 mm and 15 cm and can be at least partially filled by a connecting means, in particular by casting concrete 8 , Likewise, the width of the first butt joint 41 can vary over the wall thickness 36 of the finished part wall 3.

The second joints 42 are formed between adjacent prefabricated walls 3. Each of the second joints 42 is - as shown and in the position of use of the precast construction 1 - on a first side of the second joint 42 through a side surface of a first finished part wall 3 and on a second side of the second joint 42 through one of the one side surface of the first complete finished part wall 3 opposite a side surface of a second finished part wall 3 limited. The joint width of the second butt joint 42, that is to say the distance of the two opposite side surfaces of two adjacent full-finished part walls 3, can be between 2 mm and 20 cm and can be filled at least partially by a connecting means, by a sealing means and / or by the casting concrete 8. Likewise, the width of the second butt joint 42 can vary over the wall thickness 36 of the finished part wall 3.

The formation of a joint seal 4 in the region of a first joint 41 between the base plate 2 and the finished part wall 3 and / or in the region of a second butt joint 42 between the finished part wall 3 and another full-finished part wall 3 is advantageous for penetration of water even in these critical areas To prevent butt joints with high reliability. In this case, the movement between the individual components of the precast construction 1 continue to take place, so that restraints, tension and / or tension between or in the individual components are prevented.

Joint seals 4 are formed in this exemplary and particularly preferred embodiment on the outside of the first joints 41 and the second joints 42, wherein the strip-shaped seals 43 are provided on the outer side 11 of two adjacent complete prefabricated walls 3 in the region of the second joints 42. In the first joints 41, the joint seal 4 may also be formed in the first joint 41 itself and thus form part of the first joint 41. Thus, the finished part wall 3 lies flat on the joint seal 4 and the joint seal 4 is held between the finished part wall 3 and the base plate 2 by the weight of the finished part wall 3.

In continuation of the invention can be provided that the joint seal 4 made of plastic, in particular an elastomer is formed. As a result, the seal can be made of materials with particularly high durability and water impermeability. Plastics have a high chemical resistance, so that even a paint, the exterior cleaning and environmental influences, the tightness of the joint seal 4 does not affect. A high elasticity and low tendency to cracking, as well as good applicability are further advantages of a joint seal 4 made of plastic.

In an advantageous development, it can be provided that the joint seal 4 is formed on the outside 11 of the precast construction 1 above the first butt joint 41 and / or above the second butt joint 42. As a result, the penetration of water into the first joint 41 and / or into the second joint 42, in particular already on the outside 11 of the precast structure 1, can be prevented. As a result, the joint seal 4 can be easily applied to the outside 11 after the complete erection and setup, and optionally after a setting, of the individual parts of the precast construction 1. It is also advantageous that the joint seal 4 can be easily checked for its retention and sealing effect after application and assessed.

In this context, it can be provided in a particularly advantageous manner that the joint seal 4 is glued to the outside 11 of the precast structure 1, in particular to the full-finished part wall 3 and / or on the base plate 2. The advantage here is that the joint seal 4 can be spared in such an application, whereby damage to the joint seal 4 can be reliably prevented during assembly.

In a further advantageous development, it can be provided that the joint seal 4 is placed on the full-finished part wall 3, on the base plate 2, at least partially in the first butt joint 41 and / or at least partially in the second butt joint 42. The advantage here is that the joint seal 4 can also be spared in this attachment to the precast structure 1, whereby damage to the joint seal 4 during assembly can be reliably prevented. In this case, the joint seal 4 in particular after the complete erection and setting, and optionally after setting, the items of precast construction 1 are attached to this.

The joint seal 4 may also be formed in several pieces, wherein at least one of the individual parts of the multi-piece joint seal 4 connected to the precast construction 1, in particular glued, and at least one of the other parts of the multi-piece joint seal 4 connected to the at least one item of multi-piece joint seal 4, in particular stuck together or glued, is.

A strip-shaped seal 43 can also be designed for mounting on the outside 11 of the precast construction 1. As a result, the assembly of the joint seals 4 can be made particularly simple. Particularly when a joint seal 4 is provided on the outside 11 of the precast construction 1, a strip-shaped seal 43 can be contacted over a large area with the outside 11 and applied to the outside 11 of the precast construction 1 by means of an adhesive and / or a bonding arrangement, in particular a seal application site 44. This can be particularly advantageous for the permanent retention of a joint seal 4 on the outside 11 of the precast construction 1. The application of a strip-shaped seal 43 on the outer side 11 of the precast construction 1 can be advantageous both in the region of the first joints 41 and in the region of the second joints 42 to prevent the ingress of water permanently and with high reliability. In addition, joint seals 4 may be provided in the first butt joints 41 and / or second joints 42 and / or the seal may be made in the butt joints by another concrete or mortar mixture, in particular a grouting concrete 8. The butt joints 41, 42 can be sealed particularly reliably, wherein the relative movement of adjacent components of the precast structure 1, as well as a heat, sound insulation can be made possible. In this case, the width and / or the thickness of the joint seals 4 in the region of the first butt joint 41 and / or in the region of the second butt joint 42 may be formed differently.

The Fig. 2 shows in detail a part of the prefabricated construction in section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 , Shown are an external insulation 7, a rolling layer 5, which largely comprises gravel and is just rolled in a predefined height, the horizontally lying on the rolling layer 5 base plate 2, the first region 31 of the finished part wall 3, the edge-side region 21 and a part of upper cover surface 22 of the base plate 2. Further shown are the strip-shaped seal 43 on the outside of the first butt joint 41, as well a spacer plate 9 and the grouting concrete 8 between the finished part wall 3 and the base plate. 2

The base plate 2, which is in particular essentially made of water-impermeable concrete, in this embodiment essentially has twice the wall thickness 36 as the complete prefabricated wall 3. As a result, the forces acting on the base plate 2 forces are distributed evenly in an advantageous manner, the full-finished part walls 3 and the base plate 2 can be weight, material and cost-saving. The prefabricated part wall 3 is also essentially made of water-impermeable concrete, so that all concrete parts of the prefabricated construction 1 can be made essentially of water-impermeable concrete. The full-finished part wall 3 is in a - seen in position of use - lower portion of the finished part wall 3, the first region 31, in contact with the edge region 21 of the base plate 2. The edge-side region 21 of the base plate 2 is in this embodiment with lesser height than the rest Area of the base plate 2 is formed. Such forms a paragraph on which the lower side surface of the finished part wall 3 can be placed. Advantageously, the finished part wall 3 can be glued to the base plate 2 and / or screwed. It can be taken in an advantageous manner on the mobility of the first and the second butt joints by elastic adhesive and / or tolerance compensating fittings, in addition, a reinforcement can be provided. The stability and durability of the precast structure 1 can be further increased.

When placing the finished part wall 3 on the base plate 2, a butt joint, the first joint 41, from. In this embodiment, this butt joint is formed uniformly wide over the entire lower side surface. However, the width of the first butt joint 41 may also vary over the area of the first butt joint 41. The first joint 41 may advantageously be filled at least in regions with the connecting means and / or the grouting concrete 8. Advantageously, it can be provided that at least one spacer plate is formed between the complete prefabricated wall and the base plate, wherein the at least one spacer plate is formed in particular from a plastic or a composite material. In this way, the complete prefabricated wall 3 is placed on a spacer plate 9 positioned in the first joint 41, and the first butt joint can be designed as a friction joint. In this case, guide edges made of metal can be formed in the spacer plate, which simplify the position positioning during assembly and thus simplify the assembly in addition. The power transmission between the finished part wall 3 and the base plate 2 is essentially on the friction, without any additional reinforcement for fixing the full-finished part wall 3 on the base plate is necessary. Stress peaks, such as these can occur between reinforcement and the surrounding concrete, for example, can be avoided.

Advantageously, it can be provided that, when a relative displacement occurs in one of the first joints 41 or in one of the second joints 42, substantially the same relative displacement is formed in a joint seal 4 sealing this butt joint 41 or second joint 42. This can, for example, by means of an arrangement of the joint seal 4 according to the Fig. 2 whereby relative displacements in the first butt joint 41 and in the second butt joint 42 can be absorbed by joint seals 4, in particular by strip-like seals 43, without constraint.

The Fig. 2 shows the strip-shaped seal 43, wherein in particular between the strip-shaped seal 43 and sealed by this strip-shaped seal 43 butt joint 41, 42 a predeterminable distance may be formed, and the application of the strip-shaped seal 43 by means of sealing application points 44, which are advantageously formed hump-shaped the outside 11 of the finished part wall 3 and on the base plate 2 in the peripheral area 21 1 of this. The sealing application points 44 of the strip-shaped seal 43 are for the permanent tightness of the precast structure 1 of particular importance. First, a good grip on the ground, especially on the concrete substrate, must be guaranteed. Second, a good and tight grip between the seal application site 44 and the strip-shaped seal 43 must also be ensured. Finally, thirdly, the strip-shaped seal 43 must have enough flexibility and elasticity in the area of the butt joint 41, 42 to be sealed in order to absorb any movements and displacements in the sealed joint 41, 42 without cracking and without reducing the permanent tightness. By the predetermined distance between the joint seal 4 and sealed by this butt joint 41, 42, this can be permanently guaranteed.

These functions are achieved by the, in particular, hump-shaped, sealing application sites 44, the sealing application site 44 preferably being formed from a two-component resin, in particular an epoxy resin. For this purpose, when applying the seal application sites 44 first a lower, the Applied concrete base, part of the gasket application site 44 applied. The stiff-shaped seal 43 is placed on this first lower part of the seal application point 44, wherein, in particular when the two-component resin has not yet fully hardened, an adhesive effect is formed between the stiff-shaped seal 43 and the two seal application points 44. When positioning the sealing application points 44, care must be taken to ensure that it is sufficiently far away from the butt joint to be sealed. In particular, this distance to be sealed butt joint about 10 to 20 times the highest expected relative movement of the joints to be sealed adjacent parts of the precast construction amount. Local stress peaks in the strip-shaped joint seal can be prevented so particularly durable and effective.

In the next step in the application of the strip-shaped seal 43, the second and upper part of the seal application sites 44 is applied. This second part may consist in particular of the same material as the first part of the sealing application points 44 and serves to re-seal the lateral edges of the strip-shaped seal 43. For this purpose, the lateral edges and the lateral edge regions of the strip-shaped seal 43 are completely covered, so that the peripheral areas the strip-shaped seal 43 are completely enclosed by the material of the sealing application sites 44. Advantageously, an adhesive effect between the strip-shaped seal 43 and the seal application sites 44 may be formed.

Advantageously, the strip-shaped seal 43 may be formed in about 30 to 50 cm wide, in particular about 10 cm of the edges or 50 percent of the surface of the strip-shaped seal 43 may be enclosed by the material of the gasket application sites 44. In an advantageous manner, strip-shaped seals 43 may be formed in the region of all of the first butt joints 41 and the second butt joints 42, so that all of the butt joints are sealed by joint seals 4 applied on the outside, and possibly also on the inside. In combination with the water-impermeable concrete, this allows a completely waterproof prefabricated construction 1. A large-scale outer surface seal by, for example, a sealing film is also unnecessary.

The Fig. 3 shows in detail a part of the prefabricated construction in section along the line III - III Fig. 1 , Shown are the outside insulation 7, two adjacent Complete prefabricated walls 3, the intermediate second butt joint 42, the outer side 11 of the two prefabricated part walls 3, two hump-shaped and applied on the outside 11 Dichtapplikationsstellen 44, arranged between the two seal application points 44 strip-shaped seal 43, and the grouting concrete 8 in the second butt joint. Dashed line hooks 81 and a butt joint bolt 82 are shown in dashed lines. Respectively, one of the two seal application points 44 is applied to one of the two adjacent full-finished part walls 3. The individual steps of the application of the seal application points 44 and the strip-shaped seal 43 are identical to the further in the description of Fig. 2 described steps.

The distance between the two seal application points 44 to each other can be predeterminable, so that different maximum relative movements of the two adjacent full-finished part walls 3 are allowed and can be considered in the dimensioning of the strip-shaped seal 43. In Fig. 3 Furthermore, the varying across the wall thickness 36 of the finished part wall 3 width of the second butt joint 42 is shown. In the outer region 11 of the finished prefabricated wall 3, this width is small, larger in the central region and in the outer region 11 of the finished part wall 3 opposite, interior area again low, the small width of the second butt joint 42 only a few millimeters and the greater width several centimeters or decimeters can amount. The second butt joint 42 can be filled - at least in some areas - with a casting concrete 8. Additionally, metal butt joint hooks 81 and butt joint studs 82 may be formed in the region and in the butt joint. These butt joint hooks 81 and the butting bolt 82 are pre-dimensioned and thus influence the maximum strength and the maximum mobility of the butt joint. Different stiffnesses of the wall sides and different mobilities between the individual prefabricated walls 3 of the wall side are predeterminable and the individual requirements of the prefabricated construction 1 can be taken into account in this way.

The Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a complete prefabricated wall of the prefabricated construction according to the invention in section along the line I - I of Fig. 1 in a schematic representation. Shown are the outside 11 of the finished part wall 3, a water-impermeable region 33, ie a region of the finished part wall 3 consisting essentially of water-impermeable concrete, a normal impermeable region 34, ie a region of the finished part wall 3 substantially not consisting of impermeable fully finished concrete, a transition region 35 between the impermeable region 33 and the normal-permeable region 34, and the wall thickness 36 of the finished part wall 3 and the component height 37 of the finished part wall 3. In this alternative embodiment of a finished part wall 3, the percentage of water-impermeable concrete of the finished part wall 3 varies along the component height 37. Im - in the use position seen - lower area, in particular in the first area 21 of the finished part wall 3, consists of the finished part wall 3 for the most part of water-impermeable concrete. Therefore, this area can also be referred to as the water-impermeable area 33 of the complete prefabricated wall. As seen in the operating position, the transition region 35 is provided, in which the percentage wall thickness fraction of the water-impermeable concrete decreases at the wall thickness 36 of the finished part wall 3, preferably in steps, in particular continuously. The proportion of the water-impermeable concrete to the wall thickness 36 is advantageously formed in the region of the outer side 11 of the finished part wall 3, so that penetration of water from the outside is prevented. In the position of use, in turn, the normal-permeable region 34 is formed above it. In this area, another non-impermeable concrete, ie a concrete mixture with a water penetration depth greater than 50 mm to be detected, forms at least the majority of the wall thickness 36 of the finished part wall 3.

Such a trained complete finished part wall 3 can be arranged in an advantageous manner both in the ground, as well as above the ground. The water impermeability of the individual wall regions can be adapted along the component height 37 to the individual requirements of the prefabricated construction 1 and likewise the vapor diffusion activity and the thermal insulation, in particular in the regions outside the water-impermeable region 33, can be adapted to the individual requirements of the prefabricated construction 1. Advantageously, it can be provided that the finished part wall has a wall thickness in the range between 8cm and 25cm, preferably in the range of 10cm to 20cm, especially in the range of 13cm to 16cm, especially 15cm. Thus, the weight of the precast structure can be significantly reduced. Due to the low mass of the components, the risk of crack formation from constraint and internal stress in the prefabricated part wall 3 can be prevented during reactive hardening and the resulting heat of hydration and an otherwise necessary crack widths restricting reinforcement can be dispensed with. This can further increase the water impermeability of the finished part wall 3.

Compared to conventional water-impermeable construction methods, weight and material savings of the prefabricated walls 3 of up to 50 percent are possible. As a result, both the cost of materials and the installation effort is simplified, which also cost savings are possible. Thinner walls also allow better use of the available building area. As a result, additional living space can be created without additional costs, or with the same living space, the external dimensions and construction costs can be reduced. Thus, for example, in a building with the external dimensions of 10 meters by 10 meters, which corresponds to the external dimensions of an average single-family dwelling, up to five square meters more living space can be obtained. Based on the living space, this can be increased by up to five percent with the same external dimensions of the house or building.

The deformations and displacements of different sizes which occur at the butt joints, in particular at the first butt joints 41 and at the second butt joints 42, can be absorbed by the appropriately planned and dimensioned and externally applied joint seal 4 and / or strip-shaped seal 43 without impairing the serviceability. By allowing relative displacements in the first butt joint 41 and / or in the second butt joint 42, the wall thickness of the finished part wall 3 can be further reduced since no constraining forces have to be absorbed by the finished part walls 3.

Further embodiments of the invention have only a part of the described features, wherein each combination of features, in particular of various described embodiments, may be provided within the scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A waterproof prefabricated construction (1), comprising at least one base plate (2) made of in-situ concrete and at least one prefabricated wall section (3), wherein the prefabricated wall section (3) is arranged in a first region (31) at a substantially right angle to a peripheral region (21) of the base plate (2), wherein the prefabricated wall section (3) is made at least partly of a waterproof concrete, and wherein at least one joint scal (4) is arranged in the region of the first butt joint (41) and/or in the region of a second butt joint (42), wherein the first butt joint (41) is arranged between the base plate (2) and the prefabricated wall section (3) and the second butt joint (42) between the prefabricated wall section (3) and a further prefabricated wall section (3), characterized in that the joint seal (4) arranged as a strip-like seal (43) is arranged on the exterior side (11) of the prefabricated construction (1) above the first butt joint (41) and/or above the second butt joint (42), a predeterminable distance is arranged between the strip-like seal (43) and the first butt joint (41) and/or the second buttjoint (42) which arc sealed by said strip-like seal (42), and the prefabricated wall section (3) has a wall thickness in the range of 10 cm to 20 cm.
2. A waterproof prefabricated construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the prefabricated wall section (3) has a wall thickness in the range of 13 cm to 16 cm, especially 15 cm.
3. A waterproof prefabricated construction according to one of the claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the length, width and/or thickness of the joint seals (4) are arranged differently with respect to each and/or variably in the region of the first butt joint (41) and in the region of the second butt joint (42).
4. A waterproof prefabricated construction according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the joint seal (4) is made of plastic, especially an elastomer.
5. A waterproof prefabricated construction according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the joint seal (4) is glued to the exterior side (11) of the prefabricated construction (1), especially to the prefabricated wall section (3) and/or the base plate (2).
6. A waterproof prefabricated construction according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the joint seal (4) is placed on the prefabricated wall section (3), on the base plate (2), at least in sections in the first butt joint (41), and/or at least in sections in the second butt joint (42).
7. A waterproof prefabricated construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall thickness of the prefabricated wall section (3) substantially corresponds to half the wall thickness of the base plate (2).
8. A waterproof prefabricated construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the occurrence of a relative displacement in one of the first butt joints (41) or in one of the second butt joints (42) substantially the same relative displacement occurs in a joint seal (4) scaling said one butt joint (41) or said second butt joint (42).

Images