EP1949017B1 - Élément de blindage composite et élément de corps actif pour l'insertion dans un élément de blindage composite - Google Patents

Élément de blindage composite et élément de corps actif pour l'insertion dans un élément de blindage composite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1949017B1
EP1949017B1 EP07846259A EP07846259A EP1949017B1 EP 1949017 B1 EP1949017 B1 EP 1949017B1 EP 07846259 A EP07846259 A EP 07846259A EP 07846259 A EP07846259 A EP 07846259A EP 1949017 B1 EP1949017 B1 EP 1949017B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
effective
bodies
armour element
partially
element according
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EP07846259A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1949017A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Weber
Robert Bayer
Norbert Keil
Stefan Schiele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1949017A1 publication Critical patent/EP1949017A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite armor element for the protection from projectiles with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1 and to an active body element for introduction into a composite armor element with the features of the preamble of patent claim 12.
  • Composite armor elements such as composite armor plates or composite armor mats, which consist of a composite of several materials, are known per se. Frequently composite armor elements are constructed such that filling materials or active bodies are introduced between two, for example, plate-shaped elements, which are then encapsulated with a pourable matrix material such as plastics or metals.
  • the plates are often provided with finishing layers.
  • the manufactured composite armor plates can be glued to the back with thick fiber composite layers and thus form self-supporting Panzerurigsetti or they are attached to metallic vehicle housings such as a welded steel tub, while they reach the full protective effect together with the housing structure. It is also known to arrange shock-absorbing materials between the active bodies, so that the active bodies do not lie directly against each other in a disadvantageous manner.
  • the DE 1 578 324 describes a composite armor plate, being used as the active body individual balls or cylinders of a hard ceramic material.
  • the cylinders are arranged in rows in the plate in several discontinuous layers or layers, ie their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to the plane of the plate and parallel to each other, the cylinders of one layer being offset relative to the cylinders of the other layer.
  • the cylinders are further spaced apart using a plurality of layers of spacer material such that each layer of spacer material is alternately wound over and under the cylinders in their respective locations.
  • the EP 1 071 916 B1 describes a composite armor plate with individual cylindrical ceramic active bodies, wherein the space between the active bodies is filled with form-fitting three- or hexagonal insects pellets.
  • the EP 1 363 101 A1 describes a composite armor plate, wherein the individual active bodies are provided with a belt in order to reduce the total weight of the plate.
  • the FR 2 419 498 A which forms a basis for the preambles of claims 1 and 12, describes a method for producing a metal armor plate with cylindrical, ceramic active bodies, which are introduced before casting into a metal mold.
  • the molds have pins and corresponding recesses, so that they can be plugged together with the ceramic bodies according to a predetermined scheme, so that a positioning of the active body is made possible before the casting.
  • a disadvantage of this configuration is that the introduction of the active body in the molds and the mating of the dies is complex.
  • the invention has the object to improve the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the invention solves the problem with the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1 and with the features of the characterizing part of claim 12.
  • Advantageous developments are part of the dependent claims.
  • active body chains active body elements wherein the active body of a series at least partially by webs (3) chain-shaped to form active body chains together are, and wherein the active body chains (1) are made in one piece.
  • active body elements are easier to handle in the context of the production of the composite armor element, since considerably fewer work steps are necessary due to the reduction in the number of parts.
  • no shock-absorbing materials need to be introduced between the active body, since the webs ensure a minimum gap between the active bodies and thus a shock absorption by means of the webs or the matrix material in the gaps between the active bodies.
  • the individual active bodies of an active-body element can be made of high-hardness materials, in particular of ceramic, metal, sintered or fiber materials, with small dimensions with respect to the plate dimensions. They can be cylindrical, spherical or tetrahedral or rod-shaped with a polygonal cross-section. The faces may be straight, curved, conical, angular or oblique cut.
  • the active bodies preferably have, at least partially, a ratio between height and maximum width extension that is greater than 0.8.
  • the active bodies are preferably aligned parallel to one another. Further a vertical arrangement of the active bodies in the composite armor element is preferred, wherein a horizontal or an oblique arrangement is applicable.
  • the active bodies of a layer can be arranged offset with respect to the active body of an adjacent layer. In the same way, the active bodies of a row can be staggered with respect to the active bodies of an adjacent row.
  • the webs have predetermined dimensions, wherein the extent in relation to a rod-shaped or cylindrical active body radial direction is referred to as web length.
  • the extent of the web in an axial direction is referred to as web height.
  • the extension, which is tangential to the lateral surface of a cylindrical active body, is referred to as web width.
  • the webs may be in relation to the main dimensions of the active body of short length and / or of small width, ie short and / or narrow.
  • the web height can be in the range of the height of the active body.
  • the number of connected active bodies can vary as desired and is preferably in the range of 5 to 20.
  • the webs should have sufficient stability to allow safe handling in production.
  • it may be advantageous, the webs in such a way to accomplish that the chain can be broken by hand or by machine in the manufacture of a composite armor to obtain the proper length.
  • the ratio of the minimum web width to the maximum main dimension of the active body cross-section is less than 0.4.
  • the web may have a score, so that when laying the chains of active bodies in the composite armor shorter chains of active bodies can be canceled if this is required, for example, at the edge of the composite armor element ("Toblerone principle").
  • Toblerone principle the production can be simplified.
  • the geometry of the webs may be straight or have a fillet, further, a notch may be provided on one or more sides.
  • the notch width can extend over the entire web length and the notch angle can be in the range between 40 ° and 100 °.
  • the ratio of the web width at the notch base and the web length in the range of 0.3 to 2.5 can be.
  • the invention provides that the chains of active bodies are produced in one piece, so that rigid, "urgeformte" chains of active bodies arise.
  • no individual active bodies are produced any more, but entire active-body chains are manufactured in one operation, in which the webs consist of the same material as the active body.
  • the shock absorption is realized by the described formation of the land areas.
  • the composite armor element When the composite armor element is struck by an armor-piercing hard core bullet, the bullet core is crushed and destroyed when hitting a high-strength active body. In this case, the affected active body is completely destroyed and the top layer or the wall of the vehicle structure absorbs the residual impulse so that no penetration takes place in the interior to be protected. Due to the high local energy input, this process produces pronounced shockwaves, which are transmitted to the direct impact of the neighboring active body and also destroy it, even though it was not hit directly. This would be transferred to other adjacent active bodies and it would create a large damaged area, which would no longer be safe in a subsequent shot.
  • the webs according to the invention dampen the transmission of the shock wave by using the described materials or by the application of the described design of the thin webs or the provision of special notches.
  • the destructive radii of the hit are thus minimized and a good "multi-hit capability" results, i. even with several subsequent hits at a small distance, the protective function is maintained.
  • the chain-shaped active body elements can be laid in straight rows within a layer in the composite armor plate. However, it could also be executed zigzag-shaped or curved. It is also possible to use multi-row active body matrices, which can be produced in one piece in particular and which can be arbitrarily broken during the production of the composite armor element.
  • the arrangement of the active body chains is included after the compilation in the matrix material, in particular plastics such as polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyester or rubber, and can on the front side be completed by a cover layer.
  • the other side may consist of layers made of materials with shock absorbing properties, which should also have a high tensile strength.
  • the composite armor element may be self-supporting mounted in a frame construction or applied to a structural casing made of armor steel or light metal, wherein an intermediate air layer of the shock absorbing intermediate layers may be provided.
  • the invention is not limited to using only identical geometries and materials within a composite armor element. Rather, combinations of the described materials and geometries are encompassed by the invention.
  • a particularly simple production can be achieved if, during production, the chain-shaped active-body elements are inserted into a cassette of steel, light metal, plastic or fiber composite material, in particular dimensionally accurate, and then cast or vulcanized with a matrix material.
  • the cassette becomes part of the protection module and can represent its outer layer or boundary.
  • the active-body chains can also be inserted in a particularly accurately manufactured manufacturing mold or in a production mold frame and then encapsulated or vulcanized with the matrix material.
  • Embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS FIGS. 1 to 9 described.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b show an active body chain 1 as an active body element, which is composed of individual ceramic active bodies 2a of the same geometry, which are firmly connected by straight webs 3 together.
  • the active body chain 1 is made in one piece, so that the webs 3 are made of the same material as the active body 2a.
  • the active bodies 2a of the height h have a cylindrical basic shape with a substantially circular cross section with the extension b.
  • the end faces are configured as a cone 4a with a rounded tip.
  • Fig. 2 is shown an active body chain, in which the end faces are convexly convex outwards.
  • the webs 3 is a predetermined distance between the individual active bodies 2a before.
  • the Fig. 3 shows that the substantially circular cross-section in the region of the webs 3 has a gate 5.
  • the configuration of the active body chain is such that the centers of the similar circular cross-sectional areas are exactly spaced apart at a distance corresponding to the diameter of the circle.
  • the active bodies in the region of the webs 3 recesses 5, whose length in the radial direction of the half web length (D) correspond.
  • the webs 3 have a constant web width E and web length D, which have approximately the same dimensions and are significantly smaller than the web height F. It can also be seen that the ratio of the minimum web width E to the maximum main dimension of the active body cross-section b is less than 0.4 is.
  • the Fig. 4 shows an active body chain 1, in which the individual active body 2b have a hexagonal cross-sectional area.
  • the end faces 4c are designed pyramid-shaped.
  • the Fig. 5 shows that the webs 3a have two notches 6a, so that the active body chain can be broken during manufacture.
  • the notch 6b with the Kerbgroundradius B can according to Fig. 6 extend at predetermined notch angle A over the entire web length D, wherein the ratio of the notch root web width C and the web length D is in the range of 0.3 to 2.5.
  • the Fig. 7 shows an integrally produced active body matrix 7, in which the active body 2a are connected to one another via webs 3. Each active body 2a is connected via six webs 3 with other active bodies 2a. The webs 3 have the fracture notches 6 already described. The active bodies 2a, which have conical end faces 4a, are also offset from one another.
  • the Fig. 8 shows the arrangement of the active body matrix 7 in a metal cassette 8.
  • the cassette 8 the outer cover layer of a composite armor plate is and is cast or glued to the active body matrix 7 and a lower end layer 9 of a fiber material with a matrix material, not shown.
  • the Fig. 9 shows the arrangement of a composite armor plate as a composite armor element on a metallic housing 12 of an armored combat vehicle.
  • the plate consists of the cassette 8, a matrix material 13 designed as a potting compound or adhesive mass, a layer of the highly hard active substance chains 2 and the finishing layer 9. Between the finishing layer 9 and the vehicle 12 a damping elastomeric intermediate layer 11 is arranged.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Elément de blindage composite pour une protection contre les projectiles, comprenant au moins une couche de corps effectifs (2, 2a, 2b) qui sont disposés par rangées côte à côte dans l'élément de blindage composite et qui sont incorporés dans un matériau à matrice (13), dans lequel les corps effectifs (2, 2a, 2b) d'une rangée sont reliés solidement ensemble en forme de chaîne au moins en partie par des traverses (3) pour former des chaînes de corps effectifs (1), caractérisé en ce que les chaînes de corps effectifs (1) sont fabriquées d'une seule pièce.
  2. Elément de blindage composite selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les corps effectifs (2, 2a, 2b) d'une couche dans des rangées voisines sont reliés solidement ensemble en forme de matrice au moins en partie par des traverses (3).
  3. Elément de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les corps effectifs (2, 2a, 2b) sont configurés au moins en partie en forme de cylindre avec une section transversale ronde ou ovale, dans lequel en particulier au moins l'une des faces frontales (4) de la pluralité de corps effectifs (2, 2a, 2b) est configurée en forme de cône, en particulier à pointe arrondie.
  4. Elément de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les corps effectifs sont configurés au moins en partie en forme de sphère.
  5. Elément de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les corps effectifs (2b) sont configurés au moins en partie en forme de tige avec une section transversale polygonale, dans lequel en particulier l'une des faces frontales (4) de la pluralité de corps effectifs (2b) est configurée en forme de pyramide, en particulier à pointe arrondie.
  6. Elément de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des faces frontales de la pluralité de corps effectifs est configurée de façon concave ou convexe, et/ou en ce que les corps effectifs présentent des faces frontales coupées au moins en partie de façon droite ou oblique.
  7. Elément de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les traverses (3) présentent au moins en partie une encoche (6), dans lequel en particulier l'encoche (6) s'étend sur toute la longueur de traverse (D).
  8. Elément de blindage composite selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'angle d'encoche (A) se situe dans la plage entre 40° et 100°.
  9. Elément de blindage composite selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre la largeur de traverse de fond d'encoche (C) et la longueur de traverse (D) se situe dans la plage de 0,3 à 2,5.
  10. Elément de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les corps effectifs (2, 2a) présentent au moins en partie au niveau de l'attache de traverse des évidements dont la longueur dans la direction radiale correspond à la moitié de la longueur de traverse (D).
  11. Elément de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque dès revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les corps effectifs (2) sont disposés à l'intérieur d'une cartouche (8), en particulier en acier, en métal léger, en matière plastique ou en matériau renforcé par des fibres, qui représente en particulier au moins une couche de recouvrement de la plaque.
  12. Chaîne de corps effectifs (1) pour une intégration dans un élément de blindage composite, dans laquelle plusieurs chaînes de corps effectifs (1) sont incorporées dans un matériau à matrice, ladite chaîne présentant au moins deux corps effectifs (2) qui sont reliés solidement ensemble en forme de chaîne respectivement par au moins une traverse (3), caractérisée en ce qu'elle est fabriquée d'une seule pièce.
  13. Chaîne de corps effectifs (1) selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que les corps effectifs (2) sont reliés solidement ensemble en forme de matrice par des traverses (3).
  14. Chaîne de corps effectifs (1) selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisée en ce que le rapport entre la largeur de traverse minimale (E) et la dimension principale maximale (b) de la section transversale de corps effectif est inférieur à 0,4.
  15. Chaîne de corps effectifs (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisée en ce que les traverses (3) présentent au moins en partie une encoche (6), dans laquelle en particulier l'encoche (6) s'étend sur toute la largeur de traverse (D).
  16. Chaîne de corps effectifs (1) selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente les particularités d'une ou de plusieurs des parties caractérisantes des revendications 8 à 10.
EP07846259A 2006-11-10 2007-10-24 Élément de blindage composite et élément de corps actif pour l'insertion dans un élément de blindage composite Active EP1949017B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006053047A DE102006053047B4 (de) 2006-11-10 2006-11-10 Verbundpanzerplatte
PCT/DE2007/001921 WO2008055468A1 (fr) 2006-11-10 2007-10-24 Élément de blindage composite et élément de corps actif pour l'insertion dans un élément de blindage composite

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1949017A1 EP1949017A1 (fr) 2008-07-30
EP1949017B1 true EP1949017B1 (fr) 2010-02-03

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EP07846259A Active EP1949017B1 (fr) 2006-11-10 2007-10-24 Élément de blindage composite et élément de corps actif pour l'insertion dans un élément de blindage composite

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US8065946B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1949017B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE457060T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2669106C (fr)
DE (2) DE102006053047B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2339999T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008055468A1 (fr)

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US11131527B1 (en) 2016-11-23 2021-09-28 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Composite material system including elastomeric, ceramic, and fabric layers
US10751983B1 (en) 2016-11-23 2020-08-25 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Multilayer composite structure having geometrically defined ceramic inclusions
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CN112814315A (zh) * 2021-01-08 2021-05-18 青岛理工大学 双锥台嵌挤预应力约束遮弹层
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008055468A9 (fr) 2008-07-10
CA2669106A1 (fr) 2008-05-15
ATE457060T1 (de) 2010-02-15
DE502007002783D1 (de) 2010-03-25
DE102006053047A1 (de) 2008-05-15
DE102006053047B4 (de) 2008-12-18
EP1949017A1 (fr) 2008-07-30
ES2339999T3 (es) 2010-05-27
US8065946B2 (en) 2011-11-29
CA2669106C (fr) 2011-07-19
US20100071537A1 (en) 2010-03-25
WO2008055468A1 (fr) 2008-05-15

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