EP2072945B1 - Plaque de blindage composite - Google Patents

Plaque de blindage composite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2072945B1
EP2072945B1 EP09002896A EP09002896A EP2072945B1 EP 2072945 B1 EP2072945 B1 EP 2072945B1 EP 09002896 A EP09002896 A EP 09002896A EP 09002896 A EP09002896 A EP 09002896A EP 2072945 B1 EP2072945 B1 EP 2072945B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
shaped elements
composite armour
armour plate
end faces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09002896A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2072945A1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Weber
Robert Dr.-Ing. Bayer
Norbert Keil
Stefan Dipl.-Ing. Schiele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2072945A1 publication Critical patent/EP2072945A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite armor plate for protection against projectiles with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Composite armor plates which consist of a composite of several materials, are known per se. Frequently composite armor plates are constructed such that between two plate elements filling materials or filling elements are introduced, which are then encapsulated with a pourable mass.
  • the DE 1 578 324 describes such a plate, being used as filling elements balls or cylinders made of a hard ceramic material.
  • the cylinders are arranged in rows in the plate in several discontinuous layers or layers, ie their Longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to the plane of the plate and parallel to each other, wherein the cylinders of the one layer are arranged offset with respect to the cylinder of the other layer transversely to its longitudinal direction.
  • the cylinders are further spaced apart using a plurality of layers of spacer material such that each layer of spacer material is alternately wound over and under the cylinders in their respective locations.
  • a composite armor plate according to the preamble of claim 1, 2 and 3 is in the FR 2 559 254 A described.
  • the object of the invention is to design a composite armor plate such that it causes an increased protective effect at a low basis weight, that the impulse of an attacking body striking an active body transmits only in a lesser extent to the adjacent active body.
  • the composite armor plate according to the invention consists of at least one layer of rod-shaped elements.
  • any body is considered in which the ratio of total length to maximum diameter is at least 1.
  • the elements are not only in series next to each other, but are also arranged in the axial direction within a row of a layer behind the other.
  • the joints which arise due to the axially successive arrangement of the elements, arranged offset relative to the joints of at least one adjacent row in the axial direction.
  • the advantages of the invention will become apparent from the denomination of the elements, wherein the joints caused thereby are staggered, since thus the protection weakening caused by the joints is largely compensated by the adjacent elements.
  • the joints may be offset both with respect to the joints of an adjacent row of the same layer and with respect to the joints of an adjacent row of an adjacent layer.
  • the plurality of rod-shaped elements have end faces which are provided with structures which prevent a flat abutment of two opposite end faces.
  • shock-absorbing materials in the form of films, threads or granules, in particular of metals, plastics, fiber materials or of elastomeric materials are introduced between the end faces of two adjacent rod-shaped elements.
  • shock-absorbing materials in the form of films or granules, in particular of metals, plastics, fiber materials or even between the rows of rod-shaped elements elastomeric materials introduced, this being useful when using the composite armor plate for protection against larger caliber.
  • the end faces are concave, wherein advantageously the ratio of the maximum diameter to the radius of the face curvature is less than 0.6.
  • the plurality of rod-shaped elements may have at one end concavely curved end faces, in which the ratio of the maximum diameter to the radius of the face curvature is less than 0.6 and at the other end have corresponding convex end faces.
  • the plurality of rod-shaped elements has conically outwardly directed end faces, wherein in particular their tips are rounded or cut off.
  • the ratio of the radius of the rounded tip to the largest cross section may be less than 0.25.
  • the plurality of rod-shaped elements may have conically outwardly directed end surfaces at one end, the tips of which are rounded off or cut off and have corresponding, conically inwardly directed end surfaces at the other end.
  • the ratio of the radius of the rounded tip to the largest cross section may be less than 0.25.
  • the rod-shaped elements may be present in the composite armor plate.
  • the layers may be arranged such that the rod-shaped elements of a layer are offset relative to the rod-shaped elements of the adjacent layer in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped elements.
  • the rod-shaped elements may have different cross-sections.
  • the plurality of rod-shaped elements may have as cross-section a shape similar to that of a circle or an ellipse or a section of such a shape.
  • the plurality of rod-shaped elements can have as a cross-section a polygon or a section of such a shape.
  • the end faces may be designed as a flat surface in a plurality of rod-shaped elements, which may be either perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped elements or at an angle to this.
  • the rod-shaped elements may further at least partially with at least one shock-absorbing coating, in particular of metals, plastics, fiber materials or of elastomeric materials, be provided.
  • the rod-shaped elements may be surrounded by a potting compound, in particular, the space between the rod-shaped elements may be filled with the potting compound, which is connected to at least one continuous outer cover layer.
  • the potting compound may be made of plastic, in particular of polyurethane, epoxy, polyester, rubber or other elastomeric material.
  • the backside of the composite armor plate may be made of layers that have shock absorbing properties and high tensile strength.
  • the composite armor plate may be self-supporting mounted in a frame construction on the object to be protected (e.g., a vehicle) or on a structural armor made of armor steel or light metal, where shock absorbing interlayers may be used, or air gaps may be provided between the structural shell and the armor plate.
  • a frame construction on the object to be protected (e.g., a vehicle) or on a structural armor made of armor steel or light metal, where shock absorbing interlayers may be used, or air gaps may be provided between the structural shell and the armor plate.
  • the composite armor plate may have on the projectile side facing away from layers and plate-shaped elements, between which the rod-shaped elements are arranged. It is also possible that the composite armor plate for weight reduction only on the side facing the projectile has a final layer or that the potting compound is open at least on one side of the composite armor plate, which may optionally be provided with a paint.
  • At least one side in particular the side facing away from the approaching projectile, can be made of at least one solid layer of fiber material, in particular of aramid, glass fiber, polyamide or carbon fiber, or of at least one soft shock absorbing layer, in particular of foams or of elastomeric materials.
  • the material of the rod-shaped elements is also of crucial importance for the protective effect of the composite armor plate.
  • at least one rod-shaped element of a ceramic material of alumina ceramic having an Al 2 O 3 content of 92-99.99%, of a high-hardness material, in particular boron carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitrite or titanium triborate, or a hard metallic Material, in particular of hardened steel, aluminum, titanium or a sintered material consist.
  • the total length of the plurality of rod-shaped elements may be in the range of 13 mm to 300 mm. Furthermore, the plurality of rod-shaped elements may have a ratio of the total length to the maximum diameter, which is greater than 2.
  • the Fig. 1 shows in cross section a composite armor plate with two superimposed layers of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.1, which are arranged in a manner not shown one behind the other in rows.
  • the outer cover layer 1.1 is glued to the rod-shaped elements 3.1 and a cover layer 4.1 by means of a potting 2.1 made of epoxy resin.
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.1 are made of alumina ceramic and have a hexagonal cross-section.
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.1 are arranged in a manner not shown within a row one behind the other, that the joints between the elements of a series of rod-shaped elements 3.1 a of the upper layer with respect to the joints of an adjacent row of rod-shaped elements 3.1b of the lower layer are arranged offset.
  • the Fig. 2 shows in cross section a composite armor plate with two superimposed layers of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.2.
  • the arrangement of the rod-shaped elements 3.2 corresponds to the arrangement according to Fig. 1 ,
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.2 have a triangular cross-section.
  • Analogous to Fig. 1 the outer cover layer 1.2 is glued to the rod-shaped elements 3.2 and a final layer 4.2 by means of a potting compound 2.2.
  • the Fig. 3 shows in cross section a composite armor plate with two superimposed layers of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.3.
  • the arrangement of the rod-shaped elements 3.3 corresponds to the arrangement according to Fig. 1 ,
  • the upper rows 3.3a of the rod-shaped elements 3.3 have a different geometry than the lower rows 3.3b of the rod-shaped elements, whereby a smoothest possible outer surface is realized.
  • Analogous to Fig. 1 the outer cover layer 1.3 is glued to the rod-shaped elements 3.3 and a finishing layer 4.3 by means of a potting compound 2.3.
  • the Fig. 4 shows in cross section a composite armor plate with only one layer of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.4, which are arranged in a manner not shown one behind the other in rows.
  • the elements 3.4 have an upper rounded portion 3.4i and a lower angular portion 3.4ii.
  • the outer cover layer 1.4 is glued to the rod-shaped elements 3.4 and a final layer 4.4 by means of a potting compound 2.4.
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.4 are arranged in a manner not shown within a row one behind the other, that the joints between the elements of a series of rod-shaped elements 3.4a are arranged offset with respect to the joints of an adjacent row of rod-shaped elements 3.4b the same situation.
  • the Fig. 5 shows in longitudinal section a composite armor plate with an outer cover layer 1.5, a cover layer 4.5 and two superimposed rows of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.5. It is the offset of the joints of the longitudinal division between the upper row 3.5a of rod-shaped elements and the lower row shown 3.5b.
  • the end faces 5.5 of the rod-shaped elements 3.5 are designed as a flat surface, wherein the plane assumes an oblique position with respect to the axial direction of the rod-shaped elements. Between the end faces of two adjacent elements 3.5 is an air gap 10.5.
  • the Fig. 6 shows analogously to Fig. 5 a composite armor plate in longitudinal section with an outer cover layer 1.6, a final layer 4.6 and two superimposed rows of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.6. It is the offset of the joints of the longitudinal division between the upper row 3.6a of rod-shaped elements and the lower row 3.6b shown.
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.6 have a convex end face 5.6a at one end and a concave end face 5.6b at the other end.
  • the Fig. 7 shows analogously to Fig. 5 a composite armor plate in longitudinal section with an outer cover layer 1.7, a finishing layer 4.7 and two superposed rows of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.7. It is the offset of the joints of the longitudinal division between the upper row 3.7a of rod-shaped elements and the lower row 3.7b shown.
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.7 have a conically outwardly directed end face 5.7a at one end and a conically inwardly directed end face 5.7b at the other end.
  • the Fig. 8 shows in cross section a composite armor plate with two superimposed layers of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.8.
  • the arrangement of the rod-shaped elements 3.8 corresponds to the arrangement according to Fig. 1 ,
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.8 have a round cross section.
  • Analogous to Fig. 1 the outer cover layer 1.8 is glued to the rod-shaped elements 3.8 and a final layer 4.8 by means of a potting compound 2.8.
  • Between the rod-shaped elements 3.8 is a damping material in the form of threads 6.8a and 6.8b bands.
  • the Fig. 9 shows analogously to Fig. 5 a composite armor plate in longitudinal section with an outer cover layer 1.9, a finishing layer 4.9 and two superimposed rows of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.9. It is the offset of the joints of the longitudinal division between the upper row 3.9a of rod-shaped elements and the lower row shown 3.9b. Between the end faces 5.9 of the rod-shaped elements 3.9 a damping material in the form of threads 7.9 is introduced.
  • the Fig. 10 shows in cross-section a composite armor plate with two superimposed layers of rod-shaped high-hardness elements 3.10, which are arranged in a manner not shown one behind the other in rows.
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.10 have a round cross-section.
  • the outer cover layer 1.10 is glued to the rod-shaped elements 3.10 and a damping intermediate layer 8.10 by means of a potting compound 2.10.
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.10 are arranged in a manner not shown in a row one behind the other, that the joints between the elements of a series of rod-shaped elements 3.10a of the upper layer are arranged offset with respect to the joints of an adjacent row of rod-shaped elements 3.10b of the lower layer.
  • the composite armor plate is attached via a damping intermediate layer 8.10 with a metal structure 9.10 of a housing to be protected.
  • the Fig. 11 shows in cross-section a composite armor plate with two superimposed layers of rod-shaped high-hard elements 3.11, which are arranged in a manner not shown one behind the other in rows.
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.11 have a round cross-section.
  • the outer cover layer 1.11 is glued to the rod-shaped elements 3.11 by means of a potting compound 2.11.
  • the rod-shaped elements 3.11 are arranged in a manner not shown within a row one behind the other, that the joints between the elements of a series of rod-shaped elements 3.11 a of the upper layer with respect to the joints of an adjacent row of rod-shaped elements 3.11 b of the lower layer are arranged offset.
  • the composite armor plate is attached directly to a metal structure 9.11 of a housing to be protected. On a damping intermediate layer, as in Fig. 10 shown, can be omitted because the potting compound has a sufficiently large layer thickness in this area.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Plaque de blindage composite destinée à protéger contre des projectiles, qui contient au moins une couche d'éléments en forme de tiges (3), qui sont disposés en rangs les uns à côté des autres dans la plaque, de telle sorte que leurs axes longitudinaux sont sensiblement parallèles au plan de la plaque et parallèles entre eux, un rang comportant au moins deux éléments en forme de tiges disposés l'un derrière l'autre dans la direction axiale, et les joints entre les éléments en forme de tiges à l'intérieur d'un rang étant disposés en étant décalés dans la direction axiale par rapport aux joints d'au moins un rang adjacent, caractérisée en ce que la majeure partie des éléments en forme de tiges (3) possèdent à une extrémité des surfaces frontales (5) qui sont munies de structures qui empêchent un contact plan entre deux surfaces frontales se faisant face.
  2. Plaque de blindage composite destinée à protéger contre des projectiles, qui contient au moins une couche d'éléments en forme de tiges (3), qui sont disposés en rangs les uns à côté des autres dans la plaque, de telle sorte que leurs axes longitudinaux sont sensiblement parallèles au plan de la plaque et parallèles entre eux, un rang comportant au moins deux éléments en forme de tiges disposés l'un derrière l'autre dans la direction axiale, et les joints entre les éléments en forme de tiges à l'intérieur d'un rang étant disposés en étant décalés dans la direction axiale par rapport aux joints d'au moins un rang adjacent, caractérisée en ce qu'entre les surfaces frontales (5.5) de deux éléments en forme de tiges adjacents sont insérés des matériaux amortissant les chocs, en forme de feuilles, fils (7.9), bandes et/ou granulés.
  3. Plaque de blindage composite destinée à protéger contre des projectiles, qui contient au moins une couche d'éléments en forme de tiges (3), qui sont disposés en rangs les uns à côté des autres dans la plaque, de telle sorte que leurs axes longitudinaux sont sensiblement parallèles au plan de la plaque et parallèles entre eux, un rang comportant au moins deux éléments en forme de tiges disposés l'un derrière l'autre dans la direction axiale, et les joints entre les éléments en forme de tiges à l'intérieur d'un rang étant disposés en étant décalés dans la direction axiale par rapport aux joints d'au moins un rang adjacent, caractérisée en ce qu'entre les rangs d'éléments en forme de tiges (3) sont insérés des matériaux amortissant les chocs, en forme de feuilles, fils (6.8a), bandes (6.8b) et/ou granulés.
  4. Plaque de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les éléments en forme de tiges (3) sont munis au moins partiellement d'au moins un revêtement amortissant les chocs.
  5. Plaque de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la majeure partie des éléments en forme de tiges (3) possèdent à une extrémité des surfaces frontales (5.6b) à courbure concave, pour lesquelles le rapport du diamètre maximum sur le rayon de la courbure de la surface frontale est inférieur à 0,6.
  6. Plaque de blindage composite selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la majeure partie des éléments en forme de tiges (3) possèdent à une extrémité des surfaces frontales (5.6b) à courbure concave, pour lesquelles en particulier le rapport du diamètre maximum sur le rayon de la courbure de la surface frontale est inférieur à 0,6, et à l'autre extrémité des surfaces frontales (5.6a) correspondantes à courbure convexe.
  7. Plaque de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la majeure partie des éléments en forme de tiges (3) possèdent au niveau d'au moins une extrémité des surfaces frontales (5.7a) coniques dirigées vers l'extérieur.
  8. Plaque de blindage composite selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la majeure partie des éléments en forme de tiges (3) possèdent au niveau d'au moins une extrémité des surfaces frontales (5.7a) coniques dirigées vers l'extérieur, et au niveau de l'autre extrémité des surfaces frontales (5.7b) coniques correspondantes, dirigées vers l'intérieur.
  9. Plaque de blindage composite selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que les extrémités des surfaces frontales coniques, dirigées vers l'extérieur, sont arrondies, sachant qu'en particulier le rapport du rayon de l'extrémité arrondie sur la plus grande section est inférieur à 0,25.
  10. Plaque de blindage composite selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que les extrémités des surfaces frontales coniques, dirigées vers l'extérieur, sont éboutées.
  11. Plaque de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient au moins deux couches d'éléments en forme de tiges (3), les éléments en forme de tiges (3) d'une couche étant disposés de telle sorte que, par rapport aux éléments en forme de tiges de la couche adjacente, ils sont décalés dans une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal des éléments en forme de tiges.
  12. Plaque de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les éléments en forme de tiges (3) sont entourés par une masse de scellement (2), en particulier en matière plastique.
  13. Plaque de blindage composite selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que la masse de scellement (2.11) est non protégée sur au moins une face de la plaque de blindage composite.
  14. Plaque de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la face (4, 8), opposée aux tirs de projectiles, est réalisée au moins dans une couche souple amortissant les chocs, en particulier en mousse ou dans un matériau élastomère.
  15. Plaque de blindage composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un élément en forme de tige (3) est réalisé dans un matériau céramique, dans une céramique à base d'oxyde d'aluminium avec une teneur de 92 à 99,99 % de Al2O3, dans un matériau de grande dureté et/ou dans un matériau métallique dur.
EP09002896A 2005-10-25 2006-09-08 Plaque de blindage composite Active EP2072945B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005050981A DE102005050981A1 (de) 2005-10-25 2005-10-25 Verbundpanzerplatte
EP06791360A EP1941229B1 (fr) 2005-10-25 2006-09-08 Plaque composite de blindage

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06791360.8 Division 2006-09-08
EP06791360A Division EP1941229B1 (fr) 2005-10-25 2006-09-08 Plaque composite de blindage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2072945A1 EP2072945A1 (fr) 2009-06-24
EP2072945B1 true EP2072945B1 (fr) 2011-01-26

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09002896A Active EP2072945B1 (fr) 2005-10-25 2006-09-08 Plaque de blindage composite
EP06791360A Active EP1941229B1 (fr) 2005-10-25 2006-09-08 Plaque composite de blindage

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06791360A Active EP1941229B1 (fr) 2005-10-25 2006-09-08 Plaque composite de blindage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2072945B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE497141T1 (fr)
DE (3) DE102005050981A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2359606T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007048370A1 (fr)

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DE102007050658B4 (de) 2007-10-24 2010-02-11 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Flächiges Verbundpanzerungselement
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DE102009029814C5 (de) 2009-06-18 2017-01-26 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Energieabsorption und Verwendung der Vorrichtung als Minen-Schutzvorrichtung oder Aufpralldämpfer für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102010000648A1 (de) 2010-03-05 2011-09-08 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Verbundpanzerungselement, insbesondere Verbundpanzerplatte, zum Schutz vor Geschossen
DE102010000649B4 (de) 2010-03-05 2013-04-25 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Instandsetzung eines Verbundpanzerungselements sowie Reparatur-Set zur Durchführung der Instandsetzung
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WO2019172785A1 (fr) * 2018-03-08 2019-09-12 Ht Guard Sp. Z O.O. Matériau de blindage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2072945A1 (fr) 2009-06-24
DE502006007194D1 (de) 2010-07-22
ES2359606T3 (es) 2011-05-25
WO2007048370A1 (fr) 2007-05-03
EP1941229A1 (fr) 2008-07-09
DE502006008835D1 (de) 2011-03-10
DE102005050981A1 (de) 2007-04-26
EP1941229B1 (fr) 2010-06-09
ATE497141T1 (de) 2011-02-15

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