EP1941522B1 - Transformateur tournant - Google Patents

Transformateur tournant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1941522B1
EP1941522B1 EP06831003.6A EP06831003A EP1941522B1 EP 1941522 B1 EP1941522 B1 EP 1941522B1 EP 06831003 A EP06831003 A EP 06831003A EP 1941522 B1 EP1941522 B1 EP 1941522B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coils
windings
rotary
parts
transformer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06831003.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1941522A1 (fr
Inventor
Denis Schwander
Michel Privat
François DUGUE
Daniel Sadarnac
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre National dEtudes Spatiales CNES
Original Assignee
Centre National dEtudes Spatiales CNES
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centre National dEtudes Spatiales CNES filed Critical Centre National dEtudes Spatiales CNES
Publication of EP1941522A1 publication Critical patent/EP1941522A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1941522B1 publication Critical patent/EP1941522B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/18—Rotary transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/06—Coil winding
    • H01F41/061—Winding flat conductive wires or sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2847—Sheets; Strips
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49073—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor by assembling coil and core

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transformer rotating for the transmission of electrical energy by electromagnetic induction between first and second coils concentrically fixed on first and second tubular parts respectively, of ferromagnetic material, mounted coaxially so that an outer surface of one can turn opposite one internal surface of the other.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing this transformer and to electrical power supply devices comprising such a transformer.
  • Such a transformer, or transmitter is used, in particular rotating in electrical machines with excited rotor, in particular in synchronous generators where it then replaces a brush collector commutator of a conventional type. It makes it possible to transmit an excitation current to the rotor of the generator without physical contact with it, and thus without being affected by the wear which eventually deteriorates the brushes of the conventional collector.
  • FIG. 1 Diagrammatically Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings of rotating transformers of known types.
  • the one represented at figure 1 comprises essentially two annular ring-shaped pieces 1 and 2, concentrically mounted so that one can rotate relative to the other about a common axis X, the parts 1 and 2 being hollowed out with annular grooves 3 and 4 respectively in which are housed electrical windings 5 and 6 respectively.
  • the inside diameter of the part 1 is slightly greater than the outside diameter of the part 2 so that the latter can rotate in the part 1 without physical contact therewith.
  • These are wound directly on the parts 1 and 2, made of a magnetic material such as ferrite.
  • a transformer comprising two rings 1 'and 2' movable in rotation around the same axis X ', two axial ends arranged opposite these rings being hollowed out with two annular grooves 3' and 4 'respectively, accommodating 5 'and 6' windings respectively. The gaps disposed on either side of the windings are then radial.
  • the present invention is precisely to achieve a rotating transformer unaffected by the limitations mentioned above.
  • the transformer according to the invention may comprise one or more features of claims 2 to 5.
  • the invention also provides a method of manufacturing this rotary transformer according to claim 6.
  • the particularly simple mounting step facilitates the manufacture of the transformer according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention may comprise the features of claim 7.
  • the present invention further provides an electric power supply device according to claim 8.
  • Such a device finds particular application in space industries, as will be seen later.
  • the transformer turning according to the invention shown in this figure comprises essentially first and second tubular parts 7 and 8 respectively carrying first and second rings 9 and 10, respectively, itself supporting first and second windings 11 and 12 respectively.
  • These windings are of a particular type which will be described in detail later. They are mounted concentrically and coaxially in one another about a Y axis, as well as the tubular parts 7 and 8 which support them.
  • these parts 7 and 8 have an internal surface 13a, 13b, 13c and an external surface 14a, 14b, 14c respectively, arranged to be rotatable opposite each other, around the Y axis. .
  • These parts are made of a ferromagnetic material, preferably by molding a ferrite, optionally followed by a simple machining of the surfaces 13a, 13c, 14a, 14c which sets the value of the air gap with precision.
  • the rings 9 and 10 for supporting the coils 11 and 12 are made of an electrically insulating material.
  • the aforementioned inner and outer surfaces each consist of two straight cylindrical surfaces of revolution 13a, 13c and 14a, 14c respectively, separated by a radial shoulder 13b, 14b respectively.
  • the diameters D1 and D3 of the surfaces 13a and 14a respectively are greater than the diameters D2 and D4 of the surfaces 13c and 14c respectively.
  • the diameters D1 and D2 are slightly greater than the diameters D3 and D4 respectively so as to provide two narrow air gaps between the surfaces 13a and 14a on the one hand, between the surfaces 13c and 14c on the other hand, the widths of these air gaps being exaggerated for the clarity of the figure.
  • the thickness of air gaps can be set to a very low value, up to 0.06 mm for example. This thickness may, however, be adjusted to a larger value, depending on the magnetic characteristics to be given to the transformer.
  • each of said straight cylindrical surfaces extends from an axial end of the workpiece 7, 8 on which it is formed to the intermediate radial shoulder 13b, 14b, respectively.
  • the axial lengths of the two parts 7 and 8 may be substantially equal, as shown.
  • the shoulders 13b, 14b are disposed between the ends of the parts 7 and 8 respectively, in non-central axial positions.
  • the shoulders 13b and 14b delimit the axial extension of a space annular in which are housed the windings 11 and 12 and the rings 9 and 10 of support of these coils, respectively.
  • this geometry does not include annular grooves, difficult to achieve with precision, to receive the coils. These grooves are replaced by two shoulders 13b, 14b each formed on one of the two parts, these shoulders being much easier to achieve accurately than grooves.
  • this geometry makes it possible to manufacture the windings separately and then to place them on the tubular parts by simply sliding them on, parallel to the axes of these parts, starting from an axial end of the part, until each winding and its support ring abuts on the corresponding shoulder, as will be seen below in connection with the description of the embodiments of the rotary transformer according to the invention shown in FIGS. figures 4 and 5 .
  • this separate manufacture of the windings makes it possible to give them a configuration suitable for minimizing leakage inductance. of the transformer, and therefore the related energy losses, in accordance with one of the aims pursued by the present invention.
  • a metal ring made of copper for example, is mounted and fixed by gluing on the inner surface of the insulating ring 9 and another such ring on the surface. external ring 10. It is soldered pairs of electrical supply son 15 and 16 to the metal rings carried by the insulating rings 9 and 10, respectively.
  • a winding is then formed in these rings by mechanical machining or by a well known etching photochemical process.
  • the surfaces of the coils thus obtained are then mechanically corrected and finally protected by the deposition of a layer of an insulating material, in the form of a varnish for example.
  • each winding is conveniently passed over the corresponding piece by sliding along the Y axis thereof.
  • the pairs of wires 15 and 16 are simultaneously passed through corresponding passages provided in parts 9 and 10 so that they cross the shouldered areas of these parts and can be accessible at an axial end thereof.
  • the winding support rings are finally fixed on these parts, by gluing in the shouldered area thereof.
  • the parts 7 and 8 are coaxially mounted in a cylindrical housing 17 closed at one end by an annular bottom 18 supporting a ball bearing 19 in a central position.
  • a shaft 20 carried by this bearing passes axially through the part 8 so that It can rotate in the part 7, itself secured to the housing 17.
  • the parts 7 and 8 then constitute the stator and the rotor respectively, the rotary transformer shown.
  • the coils 11 and 12 are of very thin radial thickness, between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm, typically 0.3 mm for a transformer with a power of 30 w operating at 100 kHz. They are also arranged very close to each other. Thus the magnetic flux created by one of them passes almost entirely in the other. This arrangement makes it possible to minimize the leakage inductance of the transformer, in accordance with one of the aims pursued by the present invention. This result is obtained by using windings, according to an example useful for the understanding of the invention, having only one layer of several turns, separated by a set j (see figure 3 ) very low, between 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm, typically 0.4 mm, manufactured by the method described above. The conductor constituting each turn takes the form of a very thin ribbon.
  • each winding could be produced as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 8A and 8B which represent such a winding 12 (or 11), of axis X to the figure 8A and the same winding developed in a plane to the Figure 8B .
  • This coil is cut from a metal sheet, for example copper, in the form of an oblique parallelogram represented at Figure 8B .
  • This shape makes it possible to wind the copper ribbon thus cut in a helix on a mandrel so as to form the winding shown in FIG. figure 8A .
  • 16b in the case of a rotor winding for example
  • the two air gaps located axially on either side of the windings 11 and 12 are at different radial distances from the Y axis and may have equal or different axial extensions.
  • their reluctances will be balanced by giving them equal areas.
  • the ratio of their axial lengths L1 and L2 must be equal to the inverse of that of their diameters D1 and D2, respectively (see figure 3 ).
  • L1 can be of the order of 15 mm and L2 of the order of 10 mm.
  • the embodiment of the figure 5 is different from that of the figure 4 essentially in that the shaft 20 'which supports the piece 81 in rotation in the piece T has a root 20'a bevelled engaged against a complementary chamfer 8'a formed in this piece 8'.
  • the piece 7 ' also has an annular chamfer 7'a at its largest end.
  • the rotating transformer is equipped with coils having several layers of turns, each turn (called “flat”) still taking the form of a thin ribbon.
  • FIG. 9A This is how we represented at the Figure 9A (similar to figure 8A ) a winding 12 * designed to be supported by the rotating part (rotor) of the transformer according to the invention.
  • the Figures 9B and 9C represent the developments in a plane of this winding and an insulating sheet disposed between the coil layers of the winding, respectively.
  • this coil comprises an outer layer of three turns 40, 41 and 42 and an inner layer of two turns 43, 44.
  • the axial width of the normally adjacent turns of the outer layer has been reduced to more visibly reveal the turns of the underlying inner layer.
  • the two layers of turns substantially cover the same surface.
  • the reduction in the number of turns of the inner layer makes it possible to increase the width of the ribbon along the axis of the winding, with respect to the corresponding width of the ribbon forming the turns of the outer layer.
  • this increase causes a correlative increase of a capacitive effect and a reduction of the overall leakage inductance of the transformer, according to one of the aims of the invention announced above.
  • the inner layers of the windings are responsible for a fraction of this leakage inductance all the more important that these layers are farther away, in the transformer, than the outer layers.
  • the widening according to the invention of the turns of the inner layers effectively attenuates the part of the leakage inductance due to the distance of these turns.
  • the ribbon constituting the winding 12 ' can be made very simply, according to the present invention, by cutting a flat conductor such as a metal sheet, a copper foil for example, according to the asymmetric V-shaped profile shown in FIG. Figure 9B .
  • the winding is thus made in one piece, without requiring bending or welding between the two layers of turns.
  • the Figure 9C represents the flat development of an insulating sheet 10 'interposed between the two layers.
  • the notches 45, 46 allow the passage of this sheet by the conductive strip.
  • FIGS. 10A to 10C are similar to Figures 9A to 9C respectively and represent another embodiment of the rotary transformer according to the invention.
  • identical numerical references, possibly assigned a "prime” or “second”, to references used on the Figures 9A to 9C identify identical or similar elements or organs.
  • the rotor winding 12 "shown in FIG. figure 10A has two turns 50, 51 in outer layer and a turn 52 in an inner layer.
  • the axial size of such a winding is advantageously reduced by a third compared to that of a winding with a single layer of three turns, of the same axial extension.
  • the compactness of the winding is increased by arranging the turns in at least two layers.
  • the compactness of the winding is advantageously increased without increasing the leakage inductance.
  • the shaft 20 of the embodiment of the figure 4 could be secured to a support plate 21 of a measuring instrument 22, in a satellite for example, this plate to be rotatably mounted to allow the orientation of this instrument in a reference frame fixed by stars.
  • the rotary transformer according to the invention advantageously replaces brush collectors previously used if only by its intrinsically superior reliability, which makes its "qualification" less expensive.
  • the geometry of the rotating transformer according to the invention allows a very small gap thickness at the same time as a large gap section. It is thus possible to limit the decrease of the magnetising inductance and thus the magnetizing current overload, a source of losses.
  • the transformer can then have a high efficiency and transmit power without excessive heating.
  • FIG. figure 6 shows the rotary transformer according to the invention, as shown schematically in FIG. figure 3 , introduced into such a converter conventionally comprising, on the side of its input powered by a voltage Continuous Ve, a winding supply circuit 12 passing through a transistor 24 for chopping the input current under a suitable control 25, a capacitor 26 being connected in parallel with the winding 12 and the transistor 24.
  • FIG 7 Diagrammatically shown in figure 7 an association of a transformer turning 30 according to the invention, with a transmitter 31 of digital signals capacitively.
  • Such transmitters are known comprising a fixed part 32 and a movable part 33. These two parts are tubular and coaxially mounted one in the other so that the movable part 33 can rotate in the fixed part.
  • a monoblock device By mechanically coupling the parts 7 and 8 of the transformer 30 with the parts 33 and 32 of the transmitter respectively, a monoblock device is formed capable of transmitting both electrical power to a measuring instrument mounted on a plate secured to the moving part. of this set, and information exchanged between this instrument and an operating system of measurements made by the instrument.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown which have been given by way of example, as well as the application of the spatial domain. It can also find application to the rotor supply of synchronous dynamoelectric machines and, more generally, in any field where it is advantageous or necessary to transmit electrical power through an interface, without physical contact.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Recording Or Reproducing By Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
EP06831003.6A 2005-10-27 2006-10-24 Transformateur tournant Not-in-force EP1941522B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0510985A FR2892848B1 (fr) 2005-10-27 2005-10-27 Transformateur tournant
PCT/FR2006/002387 WO2007048920A1 (fr) 2005-10-27 2006-10-24 Transformateur tournant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1941522A1 EP1941522A1 (fr) 2008-07-09
EP1941522B1 true EP1941522B1 (fr) 2017-08-02

Family

ID=36608606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06831003.6A Not-in-force EP1941522B1 (fr) 2005-10-27 2006-10-24 Transformateur tournant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8421570B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP1941522B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4955691B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2627226C (ja)
FR (1) FR2892848B1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2007048920A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8378771B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2013-02-19 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Rotary transformer
DE102008010018A1 (de) 2008-02-20 2009-08-27 LFK Lenkflugkörpersysteme GmbH Richtkopf mit berührungsloser Energie- und Datenübertragung
JP5612823B2 (ja) * 2009-02-23 2014-10-22 株式会社東芝 超音波プローブ及び超音波診断装置
WO2010105764A1 (de) * 2009-03-19 2010-09-23 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg Drehübertrager und fremderregte synchronmaschine
SE537050C2 (sv) * 2011-06-30 2014-12-16 Atlas Copco Ind Tech Ab Transformator innefattande en kontaktlös signalanslutning
FR2990557B1 (fr) * 2012-05-10 2015-05-01 Hispano Suiza Sa Transformateur tournant triphase cuirasse magnetiquement
US9793046B2 (en) * 2013-10-24 2017-10-17 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Rotating transformers for electrical machines
JP6347361B2 (ja) 2014-05-27 2018-06-27 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 撮像装置
FR3026549B1 (fr) * 2014-09-25 2017-12-08 Labinal Power Systems Noyau magnetique de transformateur tournant
DE102014117524A1 (de) 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Elektrische Drehfeldmaschine
CN109155191B (zh) 2016-05-11 2020-11-03 Ntn株式会社 相对旋转部的电传送装置
WO2017209630A1 (en) 2016-06-01 2017-12-07 Powerbyproxi Limited A powered joint with wireless transfer
US10978911B2 (en) 2016-12-19 2021-04-13 Apple Inc. Inductive power transfer system
JP6573182B2 (ja) * 2018-05-14 2019-09-11 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 撮像装置
EP4164114A1 (en) * 2021-10-06 2023-04-12 MAHLE International GmbH Electric machine, in particular electrical motor or electrical generator

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FR2346832A1 (fr) * 1975-09-11 1977-10-28 Thomson Csf Transformateur d'impulsions, plus particulierement pour modulateurs a faible impedance
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2009514203A (ja) 2009-04-02
JP4955691B2 (ja) 2012-06-20
WO2007048920A1 (fr) 2007-05-03
FR2892848A1 (fr) 2007-05-04
CA2627226A1 (fr) 2007-05-03
US8421570B2 (en) 2013-04-16
FR2892848B1 (fr) 2009-12-25
US20090295523A1 (en) 2009-12-03
EP1941522A1 (fr) 2008-07-09
CA2627226C (fr) 2016-02-16

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