EP1934127A1 - Procede pour commander des engins de levage a depression et dispositif de securite de charge pour engins de levage a depression - Google Patents

Procede pour commander des engins de levage a depression et dispositif de securite de charge pour engins de levage a depression

Info

Publication number
EP1934127A1
EP1934127A1 EP06805792A EP06805792A EP1934127A1 EP 1934127 A1 EP1934127 A1 EP 1934127A1 EP 06805792 A EP06805792 A EP 06805792A EP 06805792 A EP06805792 A EP 06805792A EP 1934127 A1 EP1934127 A1 EP 1934127A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
vacuum
lifting
hoist
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06805792A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Schaumberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Eckelt Glas GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eckelt Glas GmbH filed Critical Eckelt Glas GmbH
Publication of EP1934127A1 publication Critical patent/EP1934127A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/02—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by suction means
    • B66C1/0218—Safety measures, e.g. sensors, duplicate functions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/02—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by suction means
    • B66C1/0237—Multiple lifting units; More than one suction area
    • B66C1/0243—Separate cups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/02—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by suction means
    • B66C1/0256—Operating and control devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S294/00—Handling: hand and hoist-line implements
    • Y10S294/907—Sensor controlled device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling vacuum hoists and to a load safety device for vacuum hoists with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • JP 06 270 086 A A relevant safety device for vacuum hoists is known from JP 06 270 086 A (abstract).
  • This includes a pilot or pilot valve which is controllable by lifting a load by means of a pressure differential and a weight sensing unit. This pilot valve prevents the negative pressure from being accidentally switched off when the load is attached.
  • Such vacuum hoists are widely used for lifting large objects, such. B. of sheets, glass plates etc, but also of paper bags for bulk material.
  • they comprise a multiplicity of diaphragm lifters or suction cups with lip seals which can be evacuated after being placed on the object to be lifted.
  • EP 0 108 725 B1 describes a further pneumatic lifting device with safety features, in which a mechanical load detection device (push button) can control the presence of a negative pressure. But this essentially ensures that the negative pressure is not turned on before the application of the suction cups on a load surface.
  • DE 101 39 203 A1 discloses a device for handling loads by means of a suction cup lifting device.
  • the weight of each attached load is detected. That results from the current weight resulting electrical signal is converted into a static holding the attached load sufficient lifting or holding force.
  • Actuating forces of a manual control lever are mechanically introduced into the measuring cell arrangement in such a way that, as a result, they superimpose positively or negatively on the weight-dependent signal.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a method for controlling such hoists with elastically deformable vacuum booster, with their operation is safer, especially during the initial lifting of loads, as well as to provide improved load protection for such lifting equipment.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention with the features of claim 1.
  • the features of claim 13 indicate a corresponding load securing device, with which in particular the inventive method is executable, and the claim 19 is directed to a hoist which operates according to the inventive method and / or is equipped with a device according to the invention.
  • the features of the independent claims each subordinate claims indicate advantageous developments of this invention.
  • the invention relates primarily but not exclusively to manual control handling hoists used by industrial and craft operators to transfer, turn and transport items. Thus, it serves not only the load protection, but in particular the personal security and accident prevention. Of course, it can also be used for fully or semi-automatic lifting equipment if required. Of particular interest is their application in the field of glass production and processing.
  • every appending load which is higher than the empty weight or dead weight (tare weight) of the unloaded hoist, is detected at the latest after a very short initial stroke of the vacuum hoist, ie immediately after or simultaneously with the start of lifting.
  • the detection device is signal-technically and / or mechanically linked to the control of the hoist and the generation of negative pressure such that the hoist can only raise an attached load when the load signal is applied, if it is also determined that the negative pressure prevails. is switched on in writing and / or is available with sufficient pressure difference. With otherwise proper technical condition of the hoist and correct placement of the vacuum lift on the load surface dropping the load is thus virtually impossible.
  • deformation measuring devices scales, strain gauges, etc.
  • a load detection on or in the drive of the hoist for example a detection of the absorbed current of an electric drive or the working pressure of a hydraulic / pneumatic drive, which will be higher together with a recorded load than when lifting the bare tare weight
  • the load is immediately lowered back to its deposit upon response of the load safety device after a very short initial stroke in order to minimize the risk of the load dropping.
  • the negative pressure is switched on or the pressure difference is increased in order to additionally secure the load against falling down. It may also be advantageous, according to a third development, to activate a warning signal which draws the operator's attention to the missing or insufficient negative pressure.
  • An increase in the effective pressure difference for protection can be achieved for example by connecting an additional pump or short-term connection of a previously evacuated container to the vacuum system of the hoist.
  • the load detection device once provided can also be used to detect an overloading of the hoist by also giving it an upper load threshold which in no case, even with sufficient negative pressure, may be exceeded and likewise leads to the automatic refusal of a lifting operation.
  • Such an overload case could possibly be accompanied by a separate warning signal, which preferably differs significantly from the signal in the absence of negative pressure.
  • a load detection device already provided for other purposes can also be used for the purpose according to the invention after appropriate adaptation of the control.
  • Figure 1 shows a vacuum hoist with recorded load in the form of a plate in a first position.
  • Figure 2 shows the vacuum hoist with the plate in a pivoted position from the horizontal position.
  • Fig. 3 is a functional diagram of the load protection.
  • a hoist 1 is connected in a manner not shown in detail with a lifting drive 2.
  • the mobility of the hoist 1 in the vertical direction up / down is indicated by a double arrow.
  • the lifting drive 2 itself is also movable in the usual way, so that a recorded plate-shaped load 3 can be both raised and moved horizontally. It is switched on and off by means of a 2S control.
  • the switches (not shown) of the controller 2S are manually operated by an operator.
  • the hoist 1 comprises at least one, but usually a plurality of vacuum levers 4 in the form of suction cup lifters with elastically deformable sealing edges, which are placed on a smooth surface of the load 3 and then by means of a vacuum generating device (Venturi nozzle, not shown , Suction pump or the like.) Are evacuated.
  • a vacuum generating device Vaturi nozzle, not shown , Suction pump or the like.
  • the vacuum lift 4 are connected via a rigid support frame 5 with a pivoting device 6.
  • a curved double arrow indicates their (ball-jointed) mobility. It hangs on a vertical load arm 7 of the hoist.
  • vacuum lifters 4 deform elastically when placed on a load surface (here the surface of the plate 3) to a small extent so that air trapped between them and the said surface is at least partially displaced. In a subsequent lifting, the displaced air can not quickly re-flow, so that even without switching on the vacuum generation or evacuation of the vacuum lifter effective pressure difference (suction cup effect or displacement negative pressure) sets, which may still be sufficient for lifting a not excessively heavy load ,
  • a load detection device 8 is shown here schematically as a box in the load arm 7. However, this is only one possible variant of their functional arrangement. It can also be arranged closer to the drive 2 or in the support frame 5, or be integrated into the pivoting device 6. It can for example be designed as an electromechanical weighing device with springs and load-dependent responsive contacts. Another conceivable embodiment is a force measuring device equipped with strain gauges, which can be designed as a separate component. Optionally, the strain gauges or equivalent signal generator but could also be attached directly to the load arm 7, on the pivoting device 6 or the support frame 5 of the hoist 1.
  • the load detection device could also be arranged above the drive 2 between this and the support frame of the hoist, in which case, the drive is attributable to the tare weight.
  • the load detection device can also be provided in the drive itself or in its control in the form of a device for measuring the power consumption (load current).
  • Fig. 2 shows, on the one hand, the function of the load detection device 8 even with pivoted load position (pivotal movement about the axis of the pivoting device 6) to ensure. Namely, it can also come when removing plates from a stacking warehouse in which they dwell on an edge, incorrect charging operations of the type discussed without sufficient pressure difference across the plate or load.
  • the suction cup vacuum lifters are always placed on the load surface with gentle pressure, so that their sealing lips come to rest on them.
  • step 100 the lifting drive 2 in step 101 by means of the controller 2S in the lifting direction (upward arrow) turned on and starts in step 102 a lifting operation.
  • the load detection device 8 detects in step 103 each of the hoist, possibly even weight itself burdening. It then generates a load detection signal L, which is fed to a comparator stage and evaluated by the latter in step 104. As a fixed comparison variable, the comparator stage uses the tare weight T, which is stored after calibration. If L is not greater than T (branch "N"; no picked up load is detected), there is no reason to intervene, and the lift drive 2 can continue to lift the support frame 5 (no load).
  • step 105 the presence of a sufficient negative pressure Vmin on the vacuum levers 4 is checked This can be done on the one hand by means of the switching state of valves and / or on the basis of signals from On the other hand, they can also be implemented directly on the vacuum regulators themselves by means of position or deformation sensors, which can be designed as push buttons, for example, which detect a more or less pronounced indentation of the membrane of each elastic vacuum lifter 4 It can be assumed that, when lifting a load without applied negative pressure, this membrane will seal tightly and will also bring about a certain lifting capacity with the already mentioned negative displacement, but that it will not be pushed in as strongly as in the mounted state with a resting load and after lifting under full operating vacuum.
  • a detection of the real negative pressure or the pressure difference is very advantageous. This can be compared by the controller with a load-dependent determined minimum negative pressure V min . The latter then forms the comparison value V mm in step 105.
  • Suitable negative-pressure detection means are assumed to be known per se, so that will not be discussed in more detail here on their design and operation. If the test on the basis of the signals evaluated in step 105 indicates that a sufficient vacuum is ensured ("J" branch), then the safety device does not have to intervene and the process returns to step 102.
  • step 104 in the N branch can also simply end, since the safety check described here in each case only has to be performed once at the beginning of each lifting operation. The lifting process continues.
  • step 105 If, however, the test in step 105 indicates that there is no sufficient negative pressure ("N" branch), the resulting safety signal intervenes in the controller 2S in step 107.1 and switches off the lifting drive 2, thus stopping the lifting operation a signal generator 9 (acoustic / horn, optical / warning lamp, haptic / eg a vibrator on the manual control) is activated in step 107.2 The operator is thereby urgently warned and asked to check the vacuum and / or the attachment of the vacuum lifter and, if necessary, turn on. In step 108, the process ends.
  • N negative pressure
  • step 107.1 instead of a shutdown, it can also be effected that the lifting drive 2 resets the load 3 which has just been picked up, that is to say from the lifting lifting device which has just started. Movement is reversed in a Ablassterrorism.
  • Such a settling of the load would be comparable to the automatic retraction, for example, of electrically driven window panes in automobiles when the associated fuses detect the trapping of an object between the edge of the window and the frame. Since this load-securing operation takes place quickly and in the millimeter or, if appropriate, centimeter range, the load is thus safely deposited again immediately after it has been detected, where it was picked up. This will make an additional contribution to improving safety.
  • an overload test can be performed, regardless of whether a sufficient Negative pressure is present or not.
  • the detected load is compared with a predetermined and / or permissible maximum load M. If the detected load is not greater than the value M, the process is terminated. There is no intervention in the control of the hoist. If, however, the load is to be continuously monitored not only at the moment of lifting, but during the entire lifting and transfer process, it is advisable to return to step 102, so that looping of the system is possible until the hoist is switched off manually.
  • step 107.2 If the maximum load has been reached or exceeded in accordance with step 106, then, just as in the case of a lack of or insufficient vacuum with step 107.1, the started (or ongoing) lifting operation is interrupted and a warning signal is triggered in step 107.2.
  • the latter could advantageously differ from the signal in the absence or insufficient negative pressure.
  • the lifting drive is then switched off immediately without prior checking of the negative pressure.
  • the overall function of the load securing device is not changed thereby.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour faire fonctionner des engins de levage à dépression (1) comprenant au moins un élévateur à dépression (4) à déformation élastique, un système de production de dépression commutable et au moins un entraînement d'élévateur (2) motorisé, par utilisation d'un système de détection de charge (8) destiné à détecter le poids d'une charge (3) prise en charge par l'engin de levage (1). Dans le cadre de ce procédé, le système de détection de charge (8) produit, directement après détection d'une charge (3) qui dépasse le poids à vide (T) prédéterminé de l'engin de levage (1), lorsque la basse pression (V) n'est pas suffisante pour l'élévation de la charge, un signal de sécurité qui désactive l'entraînement de levage (2) directement ou indirectement au moyen d'une commande de commutation (2S) et/ou empêche une élévation plus poussée de la charge, lorsqu'aucune dépression ou une dépression insuffisante est appliquée pour la charge supérieure détectée et la course pratiquée. Cette fonction empêche l'élévation de charges exclusivement par un effet de ventouse par des élévateurs à dépression.
EP06805792A 2005-09-24 2006-09-21 Procede pour commander des engins de levage a depression et dispositif de securite de charge pour engins de levage a depression Withdrawn EP1934127A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005045681A DE102005045681B4 (de) 2005-09-24 2005-09-24 Verfahren zum Steuern von Unterdruck-Hebezeugen und Lastsicherungsvorrichtung für Unterdruck-Hebezeuge sowie deren Verwendung
PCT/EP2006/009173 WO2007051508A1 (fr) 2005-09-24 2006-09-21 Procede pour commander des engins de levage a depression et dispositif de securite de charge pour engins de levage a depression

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1934127A1 true EP1934127A1 (fr) 2008-06-25

Family

ID=37500016

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06805792A Withdrawn EP1934127A1 (fr) 2005-09-24 2006-09-21 Procede pour commander des engins de levage a depression et dispositif de securite de charge pour engins de levage a depression

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8070203B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1934127A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005045681B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007051508A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8070203B2 (en) 2011-12-06
US20080247856A1 (en) 2008-10-09
WO2007051508A1 (fr) 2007-05-10
DE102005045681B4 (de) 2007-07-26
DE102005045681A1 (de) 2007-04-05

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