EP1928633B1 - Corps support pour outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif, et outil de meulage ou de coupe ainsi produit - Google Patents

Corps support pour outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif, et outil de meulage ou de coupe ainsi produit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1928633B1
EP1928633B1 EP06790247A EP06790247A EP1928633B1 EP 1928633 B1 EP1928633 B1 EP 1928633B1 EP 06790247 A EP06790247 A EP 06790247A EP 06790247 A EP06790247 A EP 06790247A EP 1928633 B1 EP1928633 B1 EP 1928633B1
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Prior art keywords
grinding
side walls
body according
fibres
cutting tool
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1928633A1 (fr
EP1928633B2 (fr
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Norbert Asen
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/16—Bushings; Mountings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D7/16—Bushings; Mountings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a carrier body for a rotating grinding or cutting tool, in particular a grinding wheel, grinding cup or grinding drum, wherein on the carrier body a coating of an abrasive material, e.g. Cubic boron nitride (CBN) or diamond, can be applied.
  • an abrasive material e.g. Cubic boron nitride (CBN) or diamond
  • the invention further relates to a rotary grinding or cutting tool, in particular a grinding wheel, grinding cup or grinding drum, the tool comprising a carrier body and at least one coating applied on a peripheral surface and / or at least one side surface of the carrier body of an abrasive material, e.g. Cubic boron nitride (CBN) or diamond.
  • a rotary grinding or cutting tool in particular a grinding wheel, grinding cup or grinding drum
  • the tool comprising a carrier body and at least one coating applied on a peripheral surface and / or at least one side surface of the carrier body of an abrasive material, e.g. Cubic boron nitride (CBN) or diamond.
  • CBN Cubic boron nitride
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a rotating grinding or cutting tool according to the invention.
  • High-speed grinding wheels currently in use comprise a carrier body of metal, in particular steel, aluminum or aluminum sintered alloys, on which a coating of abrasive material is applied, wherein the abrasive material coating can be applied to a peripheral surface of the carrier body and / or on the side surfaces of the carrier body ,
  • a disadvantage of these known grinding wheels on the one hand their high weight, which brings a considerable load on the spindle of a grinding machine on which the grinding wheel is mounted, as well as the bearing of the spindle with it.
  • This weight load of the spindle and its bearings reduces the life of spindle and spindle bearings and thus leads to increased maintenance and repair costs and downtime of the grinding machine.
  • the high weight of the known grinding wheels (typically in the range up to 100 kg) makes a manual change of the grinding wheels difficult or impossible. It must rather be used for almost every change a lifting means, which extends the change process to several hours or requires a complex automatic change and thus reduces the productivity of the grinding machine. Also in pendulum lifting, the high moving masses of the known make Grinding wheels particularly disturbing noticeable. The high weight also leads to increased energy consumption when driving the grinding wheel.
  • fiber composite body made of pre-impregnated prepreg fabrics or layers, but due to their quasi-isotropic nature, only insufficient strength values, especially for grinding applications with a lateral axial load, have.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a carrier body for a rotating grinding or cutting tool and a grinding or cutting tool produced therefrom, in which the disadvantages of the prior art are avoided.
  • the document GB 2 028 860 shows abrasive wheels with abrasive grains embedded in an Kunststoffhar-Z based binder and having high strength fiber reinforcement fill material. These grinding wheels are designed as full-abrasive bodies in which abrasive grains and a fiber reinforcement are embedded in a resin-based binder. Although this document addresses the problem of lack of lateral stability of the grinding wheels, the only solution is to improve the modulus of elasticity of the fiber reinforcement.
  • the document EP 0 501 022 A2 describes a grinding or cutting tool and a method for its production.
  • This tool has a fiber-reinforced body with a plastic matrix on top and an abrasive coating of abrasive grains held in a bond.
  • a metal layer is applied to the base body, in which are embedded outwardly over the plastic protruding and anchored in the plastic electrically conductive fibers.
  • the electrically conductive fiber sections are etched by etching.
  • the grinding wheels disclosed therein do not have a separate carrier body with a coating of abrasive material disposed thereon, but are formed as a solid abrasive body.
  • the document CH 653 590 A5 describes an active damping and Auslenkregelungssystem for mecanicschleifaggregate, wherein the grinding wheel-bearing mandrel is provided with a lying in the axis of rotation bore, in which a sensor element which detects vibrations and deflections of the dome, is arranged.
  • the signals of the sensor control via a control and amplifier active damping elements in the form of piezo elements.
  • These piezo elements are arranged between an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, wherein the inner sleeve carries a roller bearing pair, which carries the grinding spindle with the mandrel. It is therefore an extremely complicated mechanical construction which by no means suggests placing piezo elements in the grinding wheel.
  • the purpose of the known device is different, namely to dampen vibrations on the grinding spindle, but not on the grinding wheel.
  • the document EP 0 523 260 A1 discloses a master blade for circular saw blades and / or cut-off wheels, consisting of a circular, at least partially consisting of einm with fiber reinforced plastic material disc body.
  • the fibers are, based on the circular shape of the disk body, embedded in a radial orientation and in a uniform distribution over the circumference of the disk body in the plastic material.
  • the document DE 195 38 841 A1 relates to a grinding wheel having a cylindrical abrasive surface for working non-metallic surfaces.
  • This abrasive article has a profiled abrasive surface.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a carrier body for a rotating grinding or cutting tool with the features of claim 1 and by a grinding or
  • the rotationally symmetrical carrier body according to the invention for a rotating grinding or cutting tool comprises two side walls, which are interconnected at their peripheral area, wherein the side walls comprise a fiber-reinforced composite material, in particular a carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber material. , Basalt fiber or synthetic fiber reinforced composite, exhibit. Fiber-reinforced composites are also referred to in the literature as fiber composites.
  • the fiber composites are injected during the manufacturing process or thereafter with a synthetic resin, which is subsequently cured, whereby the carrier body can be realized in substantially free forms.
  • microfibers or nanofibers made of a reinforcing material such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, basalt fibers, or synthetic fibers may be embedded in the synthetic resin.
  • the carrier body is made according to the invention in a lightweight construction, which allows a reduction of its weight to up to 1/10 of the weight of conventional metal carrier body. Nevertheless, the carrier body according to the invention due to the use of fiber-reinforced composite material has an extremely high strength and rigidity, which is even more dramatically increased in the embodiment with two spaced apart side walls in relation to the absorption of lateral forces.
  • the drastically reduced weight of the carrier body according to the invention leads to a lower spindle load of the grinding machine and thus increases the life of the grinding spindle and thus reduces the maintenance and repair costs and downtime of the production plant.
  • the carrier body according to the invention is also particularly well suited for reciprocating grinding or non-circular grinding.
  • Abrasive coatings for high-speed grinding consist of the CBN / diamond grain, bond and pores, whereby, for example, ceramic and resin-bonded CBN / diamond coatings are bonded to the base body mainly by adhesion.
  • a thin, metallic, optionally profiled ring is additionally applied to the carbon or CFRP body at the outer circumference so that the electroplating process is physically possible.
  • higher speeds of the tool with the carrier body according to the invention can be achieved without excessive material stress, since the carrier body of fiber composites of the invention compared with metallic support bodies has a very low material expansion at high speeds and provides a much better dimensional accuracy than the known carrier body made of metal or CFRP prepregs , Due to the higher speed or the higher peripheral speed of the tool, a higher workpiece speed in conjunction with higher feed values is possible. This achieves higher metal removal rates and increased productivity.
  • the achievable speed are mainly limits set by possibly occurring grinding burn.
  • the continuous coating of the carrier body with abrasive material leads to optimized surface quality, improves the grinding breakout behavior and thus increases the service life of the grinding wheel.
  • the fields of application of the invention are very extensive. They range from the formation of the carrier body according to the invention as a grinding wheel carrier body to the outer and inner cylindrical grinding of components. Further fields of application of the invention relate to surface grinding, grooving, profile grinding and tool grinding.
  • the invention can be used advantageously in the fields of wave grinding, in particular crankshaft grinding, gear shaft grinding, compressor wheel grinding, camshaft grinding, roll grinding, peel grinding, gear grinding (for which profiled disks are used, the high lateral Must take loads, for which the present invention is best) and centerless grinding using a grinding wheel type in drum shape, ie a grinding drum, for example, be used with a diameter of over 1000mm and a length ranging from about half a diameter to a multiple of the diameter.
  • Such grinding drums can be optimally produced with the invention.
  • components of flange and shaft extension with bearings and disc-shaped components can be produced.
  • the invention relates to grinding wheels and grinding heads for the wafer grinding of the semiconductor industry.
  • the side walls are not connected to each other at its peripheral portion not directly, but by a peripheral wall having the same composite material as the side walls or another fiber reinforced composite material.
  • a particularly light, highly stable and extensive degrees of freedom in shaping providing carrier body is obtained if between the side walls at least partially a core material, in particular a honeycomb core, preferably made of aramid, or a foam core, is arranged.
  • a core material in particular a honeycomb core, preferably made of aramid, or a foam core
  • suitable core materials include wood or minerals, e.g. Granite. Hollow chambers may also be suitable.
  • the carrier body according to the invention allows the formation of its side walls and possibly the peripheral wall as curved surfaces or free-form surfaces. This makes it possible to produce rotating grinding tools based on the carrier body according to the invention, which are used for demanding tasks such as peeling grinding and face shoulder grinding.
  • the carrier body has a hub which passes through the side walls centrally.
  • the hub may optionally be formed as a metal element.
  • cooling and lubricant connections and outlets are formed, preferably at least one coolant and lubricant connection in a central region of a side wall, in particular in the area of the hub, is formed and leads into the space between the side walls and at least one coolant and lubricant outlet is formed through a sidewall or through the outer peripheral wall and perforated or porous abrasive segments.
  • the supply of the carrier body with coolant and lubricant takes place via the machine spindle, in which corresponding, corresponding channels are formed, or via lateral accesses.
  • the spacer sleeves preferably are fixed by means of interference fit and adhesives in the side walls.
  • the spacer sleeves are in this case e.g. mounted in one or more concentric circles in the force introduction region of the carrier body.
  • the spacer sleeves are conically shaped, so that positive engagement exists and they can not dissolve from Collinsslic.le.
  • the fibers of the composite material are laid according to the force curve calculated for the use in the side walls or the peripheral wall.
  • fibers can also be wound around deflection points, wherein pins can be used as deflection points.
  • fibers of the composite in the sidewalls may be disposed substantially radially or arcuately extending from the center of the sidewall to the periphery to minimize material strain.
  • the fibers may be arranged specifically in the sidewalls and also in the peripheral wall in the tangential circumferential direction in concentric and eccentric circles, respectively.
  • High stability is also achieved if in the sidewalls fibers of Verbundwelkstoffs circular, elliptical and / or spirally arranged extending from the center to the periphery.
  • the peripheral wall fibers of the To arrange composite material helically in the axial direction it is advantageous in the peripheral wall fibers of the To arrange composite material helically in the axial direction.
  • a drastic increase in the rigidity of the carrier body is achieved if the fibers are arranged in a plurality of layers in the side walls and optionally the peripheral wall, in particular in a cross position.
  • a further increase in the rigidity of the carrier body according to the invention and its ability to absorb lateral forces can be achieved if the side walls are connected to one another by transverse webs.
  • the transverse webs may be in any shape, e.g. in the radial straight direction, radial arc shape or in the circumferential direction on different pitch circle diameters, be formed.
  • a further reduction of the weight of the carrier body according to the invention while maintaining the necessary stability can be achieved if the thickness of the side walls tapers from a central region towards the circumference or vice versa at least in sections.
  • the invention also provides to combine the actual support body with flanges, shafts, spindles, etc., either by the aforementioned bonding or by a one-piece design to reduce the total weight of this group of components and thereby drive higher speeds with lower energy consumption and can to obtain an optimized and integrated vibration system.
  • the fiber-reinforced composite material of the side walls and optionally the peripheral wall with energy converter materials such as piezoelectric, in particular piezoceramic films and fibers, or magnetostrictive or electroactive materials, combined.
  • the energy converter materials are partially connected as sensors with an electrical control to detect mechanical vibrations as they occur, and deriving therefrom a control signal, which in turn different Energywandler materials that are operated as actuators, is supplied to counteract the mechanical vibrations.
  • Piezo fibers and foils without energy supply can also be used, but they have a lower damping effect.
  • the piezo fibers and foils can be connected to energy stores or externally supplied with energy via the spindle in order to achieve a higher damping effect.
  • a data carrier preferably a contactless recordable and readable data carrier, to be introduced into one of the walls of the carrier body in order to store production data, etc.
  • the invention also encompasses a rotating grinding or cutting tool, in particular a grinding wheel or grinding drum, which comprises a carrier body according to the invention and at least one covering made of an abrasive material, for example applied to a peripheral surface and / or at least one side surface of the carrier body.
  • abrasive material for example applied to a peripheral surface and / or at least one side surface of the carrier body.
  • Cubic boron nitride (CBN) or diamond Cubic boron nitride (CBN) or diamond.
  • the carrier body is connected by means of positive connection, in particular a dovetail connection, with the lining of abrasive material.
  • the carrier body can be connected by means of adhesive bonding to the covering made of abrasive material.
  • the invention also encompasses a method for operating a rotating grinding or cutting tool according to the invention, which is characterized in that the grinding or cutting tool is pivoted in the direction of the force resulting from the vector addition of contact force and feed force. This increases the stability of the grinding wheel carrier body and the service life of the abrasive coating by optimally compensating the anisotropy of the strength of the materials used.
  • Fig. 1 shows in longitudinal section a first embodiment of a grinding wheel 1 according to the invention.
  • the grinding wheel 1 comprises a rotationally symmetrical support body 2, on the circumference of which an abrasive material 3, for example cubic boron nitride (CBN), is applied.
  • the carrier body 2 has two spaced-apart side walls 2a, 2b, which are interconnected at their peripheral region via a peripheral wall 2c.
  • the carrier body 2 is designed rotationally symmetrical and has in its center on a hub 4 which is rotatable about a rotation axis A.
  • the side walls 2a, 2b and the peripheral wall are made of a fiber-reinforced composite material, wherein carbon fiber, glass fiber or synthetic fiber reinforced composite materials are preferred.
  • CFRP Carbon fiber reinforced plastics
  • GRP glass fiber reinforced plastics
  • SFK synthetic fiber reinforced plastics
  • Aramid or basalt fibers can also be used as reinforcing fibers.
  • the reinforcing fibers can be embedded in a matrix of synthetic resin, in particular epoxy resin, wherein the synthetic resin can also contain microfibers or nanofibers for increasing the strength, eg carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, basalt fibers or synthetic fibers.
  • the side walls 2a, 2b, the peripheral wall 2c and the hub 4 enclose a cavity 6. Due to the mutual spacing of the side walls 2a, 2b, the carrier body 2 is outstandingly suitable for receiving lateral forces.
  • the side walls 2a, 2b are connected to each other at approximately half the radius of the carrier body by a circumferential cylindrical web 5.
  • a plurality of individual webs may be provided, which are configured, for example, rod-shaped or circular-segment-shaped.
  • a plurality of spacer sleeves 9 arranged in a circle around the hub 4 are press-fit through the side walls 2a, 2b in the carrier body 2 fixed.
  • the carrier body may also be at least partially formed as a solid body, with foam cores can be used to save weight, see Figure 12 ,
  • a coolant and lubricant connection 7 is formed, guided by the coolant and lubricant from a machine spindle, not shown, into the cavity 6 of the carrier body 2 and through a coolant and lubricant outlet 8, which passes through the side wall 2a is formed, can be discharged from the cavity 6 of the carrier body 2.
  • the coolant and lubricant can pass from the hub region into the peripheral region of the cavity 6, the cylindrical web 5 has at least one through-hole 5a.
  • the outlet for the coolant and lubricant may also be through the peripheral wall and perforated or porous abrasive segments.
  • the carrier body can also be realized without a hub, which should also be the goal, in particular for less demanding applications, for cost reasons.
  • the wall thickness of the side walls 2 a, 2 b decreases from the hub region to the peripheral region, with a constant wall thickness d 1 being initially provided from the hub 4 to approximately the web 5, which then reduces to a smaller wall thickness d 2 relative to the peripheral region.
  • the dimensioning of the wall thicknesses d1, d2 takes place as a function of the expected load on the carrier body.
  • the balancing quality of the carrier body according to the invention can be adjusted on the one hand via the selected manufacturing process and on the other hand via mechanical post-processing. The same applies to dimensional, shape and bearing tolerances, in particular for the roundness, the concentricity and the flatness as well as the parallelism at the force introduction point.
  • the carrier body 2 without a separate hub, that is to provide a solid body section at least in the center region, which can be connected directly to a machine spindle, spacer sleeves and spacer pins also being able to be inserted into this solid body section. Furthermore, it has proved to be advantageous to fine balance the carrier body 2 by steel pins are used with different lengths and diameters in the solid body portion, for which holes are drilled with corresponding diameters in a preparatory operation.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further carrier body 12 according to the invention in longitudinal section.
  • This carrier body 12 comprises two side walls 12a, 12b, which approach each other towards the circumference 12c.
  • the side walls 12a, 12b are directly connected to each other, ie without a peripheral wall therebetween.
  • Reference numeral 12e denotes a connecting joint.
  • the side walls are at their peripheral area of one unidirectional band 12d - preferably of CFK - surrounded having extending in a direction reinforcing fibers.
  • the unidirectional belt 12d is first inserted into a mold during production and then the side walls 12a. 12b inserted as preforms in the mold, whereupon a resin impregnation step and a curing step are performed.
  • the side walls 12a, 12b approach each other towards the periphery, they define between each other a cavity 6 which is partially filled by a foam 13.
  • energy converters materials 14, 15, are loaded in the fiber reinforced composite of the sidewalls 12a, 12b.
  • These energy converter materials convert mechanical forces into electrical or magnetic forces or vice versa.
  • Such energy converter materials include, for example, piezoelectrics, in particular piezoceramic films and fibers, or magnetostrictive or electroactive materials.
  • the energy converter materials are formed as piezoceramic films 14, 15 which are inserted during the preform production for the side walls 12a, 12b between layers of the fiber-reinforced composite material.
  • some of the piezoceramic foils 14 are used as sensors which convert mechanical forces acting on them into electrical signals due to vibrations, and others of the piezoceramic foils 15 are used as actuators which compensate the detected vibrations by movements (displacement, displacement, expansion, contraction , Deflection) counteract actorically, their movements being controlled by an electronic controller 17, which receives the sensor signals of the piezoceramic films 14 on the one hand and calculates corresponding control signals therefrom, and on the other hand activates the piezoceramic films 15 with these control signals.
  • the regulator 17 is connected to the piezoceramic foils by means of electrical conductors 16.
  • this support body 12 is advantageously carried out by building the side walls 12a, 12b as two component halves to form the side walls of preforms of the fiber reinforced composite material, placing the foam 13 on the side wall 12a, placing the second side wall 12b on the foam 13, so the two side walls abut against each other at the joint 12d, the application of circumferential fibers in the peripheral portion 12c, the introduction of the entire structure into a curing mold (not shown), the injection of the side walls 12a, 12b and their bonded peripheral portion 12c with a synthetic resin and the Curing the synthetic resin and removing the carrier body from the Aushärteform. Subsequently, the hub 4 can be pressed.
  • Fig. 3 shows a detail of another embodiment of a support body 22 according to the invention, wherein the side walls 22a, 22b are arranged on the peripheral portion 22c so as to overlap each other over the entire peripheral portion 22c, whereby an excellent rigidity in the peripheral portion 22c is achieved. It should be noted that the overlap can also go so far that the side walls completely overlap each other, ie, so that there is a two-walled configuration.
  • three bands 22d, 22e, 22f with unidirectional reinforcing fibers are disposed around the peripheral portion 22c, with the band 22d outwardly around the side walls 22a, 22b, the band 22e between the side walls, and the band 22f inside on the side walls 22a, 22b is fixed.
  • Fig. 4 shows in partial longitudinal section and in partial view a drum-shaped carrier body 32 with side walls 32a, 32b, which are interconnected at great axial distance by a peripheral wall 32c, wherein the side walls 32a, 32b and the peripheral wall 32c are constructed on a foam core 36.
  • the fiber-reinforced composite material is arranged in the circumferential wall 32c in cross-layers such that the fibers 34, 35 extend helically in the axial direction of the peripheral wall, wherein for the production of a winding technique is used, in which the fibers run through an impregnating bath before winding, then are wound in the desired configuration in the wet state and then the thus formed body is cured.
  • the drum-shaped carrier body 32 thus has a design with CFK fiber present on all sides and an inner filler body (core).
  • the present embodiment of the carrier body 32 is ideal for the production of a grinding drum for the centerless grinding of products after the für vers- or puncture method, wherein for the puncture method, the peripheral wall 32c may also be constructed more complicated (eg different cylindrical sections with different diameters) to allow the grinding of products with other than cylindrical shape.
  • FIG. 18 A further embodiment of a drum-shaped carrier body 161 is shown in longitudinal section in FIG Fig. 18 shown.
  • the carrier body 161 is designed as a hubless carrier body, ie it has a central cylindrical cavity 165 which is plugged in operation on a spindle.
  • the support body 161 has a structure 162 of fiber reinforced plastic, the structure 162 having an inner wall 162d defining the cavity 165, side walls 162a, 162b, and an outer peripheral wall 162c. These walls enclose a foam core 166.
  • the production of this support body 161 takes place by first winding the inner wall 162d on a mandrel (not shown).
  • the foam core 166 is applied and subsequently the side walls 162a, 162b and the peripheral wall 162c are wound.
  • the fibers pass through an impregnating bath prior to winding, are then wound up in the wet state in the desired configuration, and then the shaped body is cured.
  • the drum-shaped carrier body 161 thus has a design with CFK fiber present on all sides and an internal filling body 166.
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a further embodiment of a grinding wheel 41 according to the invention, which shows that the carrier body 42 can also be largely constructed in free form. It is a foam core 46 is used, on which the side walls 42a, 42b are constructed, which are joined together at the periphery 42c.
  • the grinding wheel 41 is provided for side grinding, for which reason an annular coating 43 of abrasive material is applied to the side wall 42a.
  • foam cores and honeycomb cores a wide variety of embodiments of the support body can be realized, e.g. Shell shapes, discs with recesses, cup wheels, in particular cup wheels specially for wafer grinding, beveled shells, shapes with tapers, etc. It should be further noted that the two side walls need not be spaced apart over the entire carrier body, but at least partially merge into each other can, ie can form a full wall.
  • the carrier bodies according to the invention are produced in multiple layers from one or more fiber-reinforced composite materials.
  • the carrier bodies according to the invention are produced in multiple layers from one or more fiber-reinforced composite materials.
  • Fig. 6 shows in side view a side wall 52a, in which a half arcuate course of fibers 54, 55 is illustrated from the center of the side wall to its circumference, wherein the fibers 54, 55 are in a cross position, and in the other half of the side wall 52a a radial Course of fibers 56 is shown. Furthermore, fibers 57 are provided with a tangential course in the form of concentric or eccentric circles.
  • FIG. 11 shows in side view a side wall 62a in which the fiber 65 spirals from the hub to the circumference and is in a cross-plane with radial fibers 64.
  • the fiber 65 spirals from the hub to the circumference and is in a cross-plane with radial fibers 64.
  • ellipses and concentric and eccentric circles can be arranged in multiple layers.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 Examples of centerless grinding using a grinding drum 71, 81 with a carrier body 72, 82 according to the invention are shown.
  • the workpiece 76, 86 to be ground thereby rests on a support ruler 75.
  • a counter drum 74, 84 presses the workpiece 76, 86 against the peripheral surface 72c, 82c of the grinding drum, the peripheral surface 72c (FIG. Fig. 8 ) has a cylindrical shape and the peripheral surface 82c ( Fig. 9 ) is designed several times discontinued.
  • Carbon fiber rovings (carbon rovings) or the like are used to produce the carrier body according to the invention.
  • An insert may be provided, e.g. made of foam, on which the walls of the fiber-reinforced composite material are built.
  • the compound of the carrier body with the abrasive material is expediently carried out by means of an adhesive, in particular an epoxy resin adhesive.
  • FIG. 10A and 10B a further embodiment of a carrier body 92 is shown, wherein Fig. 10B a top view and Fig. 10A a sectional view along the line AA of Fig. 10B represent.
  • This carrier body 92 is suitable for grinding concave camshafts and is designed as a solid body in a pure winding technique.
  • carbon fibers carbon rovings
  • the winding process is a wet process, which means that the carbon rovings are pulled through an impregnating bath just prior to positioning on the winding mandrel and cured after completion of the winding process in an oven.
  • the final geometry is created by mechanical CNC machining.
  • the main advantage of the carrier body 92 is its low mass and thus the optimized unbalance, damping and thus vibration behavior.
  • the abrasive coating is applied to collars 93, 95 on the outside diameter. The attachment to the spindle by means of a screw through the inner bore 94. If necessary, a highly accurate fit inside a steel insert is introduced.
  • FIG. 11A and 11B a further embodiment of a carrier body 102 according to the invention is shown, wherein Fig. 11B a top view and Fig. 11A a sectional view along the line AA of Fig. 11B represent.
  • This carrier body 102 is provided for the grinding of shafts with flat shoulders or the flat grinding. Face shoulder grinding refers to shaft shoulders where the surface is to be machined 90 ° to the longitudinal axis.
  • the carrier body 102 is constructed in sections as a solid body made of fiber-reinforced composite material and offers a CFRP-compliant, completely novel geometry with curved surfaces 103, 106 on both sides, on which a coating of abrasive material is applied.
  • free-form surfaces can also be formed.
  • the carrier body 102 is fastened by means of the threaded holes 104 directly or via the larger inner bore on a grinding machine and further has small through holes 105, can be used in the not shown for fine balancing steel pins of different lengths.
  • the production takes place by a solid fiber construction on a foam core 107.
  • FIGS. 12A and 12B show a further embodiment of a carrier body 112 according to the invention, wherein Fig. 12B a top view and Fig. 12A a sectional view along the line AA of Fig. 12B represent.
  • the carrier body 112 is constructed of fiber-reinforced composite material, in which are arranged circularly arranged conical spacers 113, which have through-holes 114, so that the carrier body 112 can be screwed directly onto a rotating spindle of a grinding machine.
  • a metallic ring 115 as a base for the galvanic attachment / coating of a coating of abrasive material, in particular CBN / diamond abrasive coating, arranged.
  • FIGS. 13A and 13B again show a further embodiment of a carrier body 122 according to the invention, wherein Fig. 13B a top view and Fig. 13A a sectional view along the line AA of Fig. 13B represent.
  • the carrier body 122 differs from the previous embodiments in that it consists of two Parts composed of fiber reinforced composite material, namely a cylindrical disc 123 and a conical reinforcing disc 124. The two discs 123, 124 are bonded together at their interface 125.
  • a fiber reinforced composite spindle sheath could be connected to the disc 123, thereby forming an assembly which is a unit of the actual cutting / grinding tool whose support body is the disc 123 and a spindle , which is connectable to the drive of a grinding machine.
  • the reinforcing disk 124 can also be made in other material qualities such as steel or aluminum.
  • the invention also provides a rotating grinding or cutting tool in which a carrier body made of fiber-reinforced composite material is connected by means of positive connection with a coating of abrasive material.
  • the positive connection is preferably a dovetail connection.
  • FIGS. 14, 15 and 16 show in each case in cross-section different embodiments of such grinding or cutting tools.
  • Fig. 14 FIG. 5 shows a grinding wheel 131 having a fiber reinforced composite support body 132 and a coating 134 of abrasive material bonded to the support body 132 via a dovetail joint 133.
  • FIG. 12 shows a grinding wheel 141 having a fiber reinforced composite support body 142 and a coating 144 of abrasive material bonded to the support body 142 via a dovetail joint 143.
  • This embodiment is different from that of Fig. 14 by an inverted dovetail connection, which is considered to be even more durable, since the coating of abrasive material 144 rests against the outer surfaces of the dovetail element of the support body 142 and compresses it upon the application of centrifugal forces.
  • Fig. 16 shows a grinding wheel 151 with a carrier body 152 of fiber reinforced composite material and an outer ring of abrasive material 154, which is connected to the carrier body 152 via a simple dovetail connection (undercut).
  • This grinding wheel 151 is particularly easy to produce.
  • thermosets as adhesives and thermoplastics can be used, which are toughened than thermosets.
  • the proposed manufacturing method of the grinding / cutting tools according to the invention also allows ring pads made of abrasive instead of the usual segments form to additionally generate a positive connection with the carrier body in addition to the adhesion or adhesive bond.
  • the Figs. 13A and 13B has known carrier body 122.
  • the aim of the method according to the invention is to provide absorb forces occurring during operation of the tool as possible, ie with minimal component deformation.
  • the support bodies made of fiber-reinforced composite material according to the invention can absorb high normal forces, ie the contact forces Fn without component deformation, but are susceptible to component deformation when axial forces occur, ie at feed forces Fa, depending on the design, since they do not achieve rigidity in arbitrary directions, such as isotropic materials such as steel.
  • the operating method according to the invention now proposes that the grinding or cutting tool is pivoted in the direction of the force Fres resulting from the vector addition of contact force Fn and feed force Fa.
  • Fig. 17 shows the vector addition and the resulting pivot angle a. During this pivoting, the resulting force Fres on the carrier body 122 acts as a pure normal load.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Claims (32)

  1. Corps porteur pour un outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif, en particulier un disque de meulage ou un tambour de meulage, dans lequel un revêtement d'un matériau abrasif, par exemple du nitrure de bore cubique (CBN) ou du diamant, peut être appliqué sur le corps porteur,
    caractérisé en ce que le corps porteur (2, 12, 22, 32, 42) comporte deux parois latérales (2a, 12a, 22a, 32a, 42a ; 2b, 12b, 22b, 32b, 42b) écartées l'une de l'autre, qui sont reliées l'une à l'autre au niveau de leurs régions périphériques, lesdites parois latérales étant réalisés avec un matériau composite renforcé par des fibres, en particulier un matériau composite renforcé par des fibres de carbone, des fibres de verre, des fibres aramides, des fibres de basalte, ou des fibres synthétiques.
  2. Corps porteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les matériaux composites renforcés par des fibres sont imprégnés avec une résine artificielle, et dans lequel en option des micros-fibres ou des nanofibres en un matériau renforçant la solidité, par exemple des fibres de carbone, des fibres de verre, des fibres aramides, des fibres de basalte, ou des fibres synthétiques, sont noyées dans la résine artificielle.
  3. Corps porteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales sont reliées l'une à l'autre au niveau de leurs régions périphériques par une paroi périphérique (2c, 32c) en matériau composite renforcé par des fibres.
  4. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un matériau de coeur est agencé au moins par tronçon entre les parois latérales, en particulier un coeur en mousse (13), un coeur en bois, un coeur en nid-d'abeilles (36), de préférence en aramide, ou un coeur en matériaux minéraux (par exemple granit).
  5. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales et le cas échéant la paroi périphérique sont réalisées sous forme de surfaces arquées ou sous forme de surfaces à forme libre.
  6. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyeu (4) traverse les parois latérales (2a, 2b) au centre.
  7. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des raccordements (7) et des sorties (8) sont réalisé(e)s dans le corps porteur pour un agent de refroidissement et de lubrification, et au moins un raccordement (7) pour agent de refroidissement et de lubrification est de préférence réalisé dans une région centrale d'une paroi latérale, en particulier dans la région du moyeu (4), et mène dans l'espace (6) entre les parois latérales, et au moins une sortie (8) pour l'agent de refroidissement et de lubrification est réalisée à travers une paroi latérale (2a) ou à travers la paroi périphérique et à travers des segments de meulage troués ou poreux.
  8. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu des douilles d'écartement (9) et/ou des tiges d'écartement qui passent à travers les deux parois latérales (2a, 2b), réalisées de préférence sous forme conique, et dans lequel les douilles d'écartement et/ou les tiges d'écartement sont fixées dans les parois latérales de préférence au moyen d'un ajustement à la presse et/ou d'un collage.
  9. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les fibres du matériau composite sont posées dans les parois latérales ou dans la paroi périphérique suivant le tracé des forces calculées pour l'utilisation.
  10. Corps porteur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les fibres sont enroulées tout autour de points de renvoi sous forme sèche et/ou sous forme humide, c'est-à-dire imbibées ou imprégnées de résine.
  11. Corps porteur selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que les fibres du matériau composite sont agencées dans les parois latérales de manière à s'étendre essentiellement radialement (56, 64), en forme d'arc (54, 55), de manière circulaire ou tangentielle et/ou elliptiques depuis le centre de la paroi latérale (52a, 62a) vers la périphérie.
  12. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les fibres du matériau composite sont agencées en direction périphérique au moins dans la région des parois latérales ou dans la paroi périphérique.
  13. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que, dans les parois latérales, les fibres (65) du matériau composite sont agencées en forme de spirale depuis le centre jusqu'à la périphérie.
  14. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications 3 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, dans la paroi périphérique (32c), les fibres (34, 35) du matériau composite sont agencées de manière à s'étendre sous forme hélicoïdale en direction axiale.
  15. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les fibres dans les parois latérales et le cas échéant dans la paroi périphérique sont agencées en plusieurs couches.
  16. Corps porteur selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les fibres du matériau composite dans les parois latérales et/ou le cas échéant dans la paroi périphérique sont agencées en couches croisées.
  17. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales sont reliées l'une à l'autre par des barrettes transversales (5).
  18. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur (d1, d2) des parois latérales va en se rétrécissant, au moins par tronçon, depuis une région centrale vers la périphérie, ou en direction opposée.
  19. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une bande (12d ; 22d, 22e, 22f) avec des fibres de renforcement unidirectionnelles est agencée autour du tronçon périphérique.
  20. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que des parties du corps porteur sont collées les unes aux autres.
  21. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le corps porteur comprend un arbre intégré ou une enveloppe de broche intégrée avec possibilité de raccordement à un entraînement.
  22. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le matériau composite renforcé par des fibres des parois latérales et le cas échéant de la paroi périphérique est combiné avec des matériaux convertisseurs d'énergie (14, 15), comme par exemple des matériaux piézo-électriques, en particulier des feuilles ou des fibres en piézocéramique, ou des matériaux magnétostrictifs ou électroactifs, tels que les matériaux convertisseurs d'énergie peuvent être en option d'une part branchés à une régulation électrique en guise de capteurs, et d'autre part pilotés par la régulation électrique en guise d'acteurs.
  23. Corps porteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par un support de données intégré, de préférence un support de données inscriptible et lisible sans contact.
  24. Corps porteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (22a, 22b) sont agencées au niveau de la région périphérique (22c) de telle manière qu'elles se chevauchent l'une l'autre sur la totalité de la région périphérique (22c).
  25. Outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif (1, 41), en particulier disque de meulage ou tambour de meulage, comprenant un corps porteur et un revêtement de matériau abrasif, par exemple de nitrure de bore cubique (CBN) ou de diamant, appliqué sur une surface périphérique et/ou sur au moins une surface latérale du corps porteur, caractérisé en ce que le corps porteur est réalisé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 24.
  26. Outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif selon la revendication 25, caractérisé en ce que sa fréquence propre peut être adaptée ou réglée à des valeurs qui se trouvent au-dessus de la fréquence de rotation nominale de l'outil, ladite fréquence propre étant de préférence au moins le double de la fréquence de rotation nominale, et de façon encore plus préférée au moins le triple de la fréquence de rotation nominale.
  27. Outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif selon la revendication 25 ou 26, caractérisé en ce qu'un anneau électriquement conducteur, en particulier métallique, est agencé sur le corps porteur à titre de base pour l'application/revêtement galvanique d'un revêtement en matériau abrasif, en particulier un revêtement de meulage CBN/diamant, sur le corps porteur.
  28. Outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif selon l'une des revendications 25 à 27, caractérisé en ce que le corps porteur est relié avec le revêtement en matériau abrasif au moyen d'une liaison à coopération de formes, en particulier une liaison à queue d'aronde.
  29. Outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif selon la revendication 28, caractérisé en ce que des perçages traversants destinés à recevoir des fibres sont réalisés dans une partie de la liaison à coopération de formes.
  30. Outil de meulage de coupe rotatif selon la revendication 25 ou 26, caractérisé en ce que le corps porteur est relié avec le revêtement en matériau abrasif au moyen d'un collage, en particulier au moyen d'une colle thermodurcissable ou thermoplastique.
  31. Outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif selon l'une des revendications 25 à 30, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement en matériau abrasif est réalisé d'une seule pièce.
  32. Procédé pour le fonctionnement d'un outil de meulage ou de coupe rotative selon l'une des revendications 25 à 31, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de meulage ou de coupe est pivoté en direction de la force qui résulte de l'addition vectorielle de la force de pressage et de la force d'avance.
EP06790247.8A 2005-09-26 2006-09-26 Corps support pour outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif, et outil de meulage ou de coupe ainsi produit Active EP1928633B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0158105A AT502377B1 (de) 2005-09-26 2005-09-26 Grundkörper für ein rotierendes schleif- bzw. schneidwerkzeug sowie daraus hergestelltes schleif- bzw. schneidwerkzeug
PCT/AT2006/000391 WO2007033396A1 (fr) 2005-09-26 2006-09-26 Corps support pour outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif, et outil de meulage ou de coupe ainsi produit

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1928633A1 EP1928633A1 (fr) 2008-06-11
EP1928633B1 true EP1928633B1 (fr) 2010-05-19
EP1928633B2 EP1928633B2 (fr) 2018-01-31

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ID=37440970

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EP06790247.8A Active EP1928633B2 (fr) 2005-09-26 2006-09-26 Corps support pour outil de meulage ou de coupe rotatif, et outil de meulage ou de coupe ainsi produit

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Country Link
US (1) US8636563B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1928633B2 (fr)
AT (2) AT502377B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502006006994D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007033396A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8636563B2 (en) 2014-01-28
EP1928633A1 (fr) 2008-06-11
EP1928633B2 (fr) 2018-01-31
WO2007033396A1 (fr) 2007-03-29
DE502006006994D1 (de) 2010-07-01
AT502377A4 (de) 2007-03-15
US20100022169A1 (en) 2010-01-28
ATE468202T1 (de) 2010-06-15
AT502377B1 (de) 2007-03-15

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