EP1924736A1 - Procede d'application de revetements sur des surfaces et particules adaptees a cet effet - Google Patents

Procede d'application de revetements sur des surfaces et particules adaptees a cet effet

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Publication number
EP1924736A1
EP1924736A1 EP06793412A EP06793412A EP1924736A1 EP 1924736 A1 EP1924736 A1 EP 1924736A1 EP 06793412 A EP06793412 A EP 06793412A EP 06793412 A EP06793412 A EP 06793412A EP 1924736 A1 EP1924736 A1 EP 1924736A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
core
shell
mixture
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06793412A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oihana Elizalde
Michael Schmitt
Marc Bothe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP1924736A1 publication Critical patent/EP1924736A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
    • B01J13/14—Polymerisation; cross-linking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
    • B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
    • B08B17/06—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/08—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/12—Processes in which the treating agent is incorporated in microcapsules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2989—Microcapsule with solid core [includes liposome]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for coating surfaces, characterized in that they are coated with particles (A) comprising a core (a) and at least one shell (b) other than core (a), and optionally at least one Hydrophobizing agent (B), and then thermally treated.
  • particles (A) comprising a core (a) and at least one shell (b) other than core (a), and optionally at least one Hydrophobizing agent (B), and then thermally treated.
  • the present invention relates to coated surfaces. Furthermore, the present invention relates to particles (A ') which are particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. Furthermore, the present invention relates to aqueous formulations which are particularly suitable for carrying out the process according to the invention, and to a process for the preparation of aqueous formulations according to the invention.
  • textile fabrics are produced with a coating which is prepared by mixing them with 50 to 80% by weight of at least one finely divided material selected, for example, from potato starch and oxidic materials such as, for example, silica gel, quartz flour or kaolin, with diameters in the range of 0.5 to 100 microns (at least 80 wt .-% of the finely divided material), further 20 to 50 wt .-% of a matrix containing a binder, a fluorinated polymer and optionally coated aid ,
  • oxidic materials such as, for example, silica gel, quartz flour or kaolin
  • WO 04/74568 discloses a process for finishing textile materials by treatment with at least one aqueous liquor which contains at least one organic polymer and at least one organic or inorganic solid in particulate form, where the organic or inorganic solids or solids are present in the liquor is present in a proportion of at least 5.5 g / l.
  • silica gel in particular pyrogenic silica gel is preferably recommended.
  • potato starch as recommended in EP 1 283 296, is soluble in aqueous liquors to a certain extent, so that the diameter of the potato starch particles can not be optimally adjusted during a coating.
  • inorganic solids such as, for example, silica
  • the tendency for agglomeration is determined to a certain extent, which on the one hand is disadvantageous during use, on the other hand makes it difficult to control the structural parameters.
  • the inventive method is based on surfaces.
  • Surfaces in the sense of the present invention may consist of any materials and belong to arbitrary objects.
  • surfaces are those of flexible substrate.
  • Particularly preferred are surfaces of fibrous materials such as paper, paperboard, leather, imitation leather, Alcantara, and in particular surfaces are textiles surfaces, i. they are textile surfaces.
  • textiles are to be understood as meaning textile fibers, textile fibers and finished goods and finished goods produced therefrom which, in addition to textiles for the clothing industry, also include, for example, carpets and other home textiles as well as textile structures serving technical purposes. These include unshaped structures such as flakes, linear structures such as twine, threads, yarns, linen, cords, ropes, threads and body structures such as felts, fabrics, nonwovens and wadding.
  • Textiles in the context of the present invention can be of natural origin, for example cotton, wool or flax, or synthetic, for example polyamide, polyester, modified polyester, polyester blends, polyamide blends, polyacrylonitrile, triacetate, acetate, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester microfibers and glass fiber fabrics , Particularly preferred are textiles made of cotton.
  • one surface (side) may have been coated according to the invention and the other not, or both surfaces (sides) may be treated by the process according to the invention. So it may, for example, in some items of clothing such.
  • Workwear be useful to treat the outer surface by the method according to the invention and the inside (body side) not; and on the other hand it may be useful to treat both sides (top and bottom) of some technical textiles such as awnings by the method according to the invention.
  • the surface or surfaces described above are coated with particles (A) which comprise a core (a) and at least one shell (b) other than core (a), and are then thermally treated.
  • particles (A) have a mean diameter (number average) in the range from 20 to 1000 nm, preferably 25 to 475 nm, particularly preferably 50 to 300 nm.
  • Conventional methods can be used to measure the particle diameter operate such as transmission electron microscopy.
  • the core (a) of particles (A) has an average diameter in the range from 10 to 950 nm, preferably up to 450 nm, particularly preferably 15 to 250 nm.
  • the mean diameter (number average) of core (a) and the thickness of shell (b) can advantageously be determined mathematically by assuming a corresponding, in particular a complete conversion in the production of particles (A), the average diameter of core ( a) and of shell (b) and in each case involves as density the density of core (a) and shell (b), which were prepared in the absence of the other component shell (b) or core (a).
  • particles (A) have a monomodal distribution of the diameters. In another embodiment of the present invention, particles (A) may have a bimodal distribution of diameters.
  • particles (A) are present neither in the form of aggregates nor in the form of agglomerates.
  • particles (A) have an irregular shape.
  • particles (A) have a regular form, for example ellipsoidal or, in particular, spherical.
  • Core (a) and shell (b) preferably each comprise an organic copolymer.
  • Core (a) and shell (b) are different from each other.
  • core (a) and shell (b) comprise various organic co-polymers, i. Copolymers which differ, for example, in number or chemical structure.
  • core (a) and shell (b) comprise various organic copolymers prepared from the same comonomers, but each in a different comonomer ratio.
  • core (a) and shell (b) are covalently linked together.
  • particles (A) comprise a core-shell polymer, the shell corresponding to shell (b).
  • core (a) comprises a crosslinked copolymer of at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound, for example a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound or a C 1 -C 10 alkyl ester of (meth) acrylic acid.
  • a crosslinked copolymer of at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound for example a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound or a C 1 -C 10 alkyl ester of (meth) acrylic acid.
  • comonomer one can use for example one or more crosslinkers.
  • further comonomers suitable for the preparation of core (a) may be one or more compounds which can be radically copolymerized with ethylenically unsaturated compounds, for example C 1 -C 10 -alkyl (meth) acrylates, ⁇ -hydroxy-C 2 -C 4 -alkylene (meth) acrylates, monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, (meth) acrylamide, unsubstituted or monosubstituted or disubstituted with Ci-Cio-alkyl or di-Ci-Cio-n-alkyl-C2-C4-alkylene, in particular N, N-dimethyl aminopropylmethacrylamide (DMAPMAM).
  • DMAPMAM N, N-dimethyl aminopropylmethacrylamide
  • Suitable vinylaromatic compounds are, for example, ⁇ -methylstyrene, para-methylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene and, in particular, styrene.
  • C 1 -C 20 -alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid are n-butyl (meth) acrylate and methyl methacrylate.
  • crosslinkers which may be mentioned are di- and trivinylaromatics, for example ortho-divinylbenzene, meta-divinylbenzene and para-divinylbenzene, (meth) acrylates of dihydric or trihydric alcohols, for example ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,3-propanediol di ( meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane di (meth) acrylate, 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, furthermore allyl (meth) acrylate and glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
  • di- and trivinylaromatics for example ortho-divinylbenzene, meta-divinylbenzene and para-divinylbenzene, (
  • C 1 -C 10 -alkyl (meth) acrylates examples include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, n-decyl (meth) acrylate.
  • Suitable ⁇ -hydroxy-C 2 -C 4 -alkylene (meth) acrylates are 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and in particular 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate.
  • Particularly suitable monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids are, for example, maleic acid, fumaric acid, E- and Z-crotonic acid, itaconic acid and in particular acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
  • Examples of mono- or disubstituted with Ci-Cio-alkyl or di-Ci-Cio-amino-n-alkyl-C2-C4-alkylene-substituted (meth) acrylamide are N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, N 1 N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-ethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylamide and N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide.
  • organic crosslinked copolymers for core (a) for example, up to 25 mol%, preferably up to 20 mol%, and at least 1 mol% crosslinker having at least 75 mol%, preferably at least 80 mol% and particularly preferably up to 99 mol% of one or more of the abovementioned monoethylenically unsaturated comonomers.
  • particles (A) further comprise a shell (b) comprising a crosslinked or crosslinking-reactive copolymer of, for example, at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or at least one ester or amide of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid.
  • particles (A) comprise a shell (b) comprising a crosslinked copolymer capable of further crosslinking reactions, for example at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or at least one ester or amide of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, ie comprising the shell a so-called cross-linked copolymer.
  • a crosslinked copolymer capable of further crosslinking reactions, for example at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or at least one ester or amide of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, ie comprising the shell a so-called cross-linked copolymer.
  • one or more of the crosslinkers described above may be copolymerized into the relevant copolymer, for example up to 7% by weight, based on the total weight of particles (A), preferably 0, 1 to 5 wt .-%.
  • Crosslinkable copolymers are understood as meaning, for example, those copolymers which, under the conditions of the thermal treatment, undergo a reaction in a further step of the process according to the invention and are thereby reacted. networks.
  • those copolymers are suitable which contain copolymerized one or more comonomers with epoxide groups, NH-ChbOH groups or acetoacetyl groups.
  • Particularly suitable comonomers with epoxide groups are, for example, mono- or di-glycidyl esters of itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and glycidyl esters of E- and Z-crotonic acid and in particular of acrylic acid and of methacrylic acid.
  • Particularly suitable comonomers with NH-ChbOH groups are, for example, reaction products of formaldehyde with monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, in particular acrylic acid N-methylolamide and methacrylic acid-N-methylolamide.
  • Particularly suitable comonomers with acetoacetyl groups are, for example, (meth) acrylates of alcohols of the general formula I.
  • R 1 is selected from unbranched or branched C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, such as methyl,
  • suitable comonomers for the preparation of shell (b) are, for example, vinylaromatic compounds, C 1 -C 10 -alkyl (meth) acrylates, ⁇ -hydroxy-C 2 -C 4 -alkylene (meth) acrylates and (meth) acrylic acid.
  • core (a) or shell (b) or core (a) and shell (b) comprise an anionic copolymer or different anionic copolymers, respectively.
  • anionic copolymers are understood as meaning those copolymers which are prepared from ethylenically unsaturated compounds which are free-radically polymerizable and of which one (a so-called anionic comonomer) carries at least one group which can be deprotonated in aqueous formulation, for example (meth) acrylic acid or vinylphosphonic acid.
  • core (a) or shell (b) or core (a) and shell (b) comprise a cationic copolymer or different cationic copolymers, respectively.
  • cationic copolymers in this context The present invention relates to copolymers which are prepared from ethylenically unsaturated compounds which are free-radically polymerizable, and one of which (a so-called cationic comonomer) carries at least one protonatable group in aqueous formulation, for example one or more free electron pair nitrogen atoms, or cationic groups such as quaternary nitrogen atoms incorporated in the polymer chain.
  • Examples of cationic copolymers are those which contain free amino groups, for example Nhb groups, NH (C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) groups, N (C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) 2 groups or (C 1 -C 4 ) -cycloalkyl groups.
  • Alkyl) 2N-C2-Cio-alkylene groups, in particular (CH3) 2N-C2-C4-alkylene groups carry.
  • cationic copolymers are present in acidic conditions, for example at pH values of 6 or less, in at least partially protonated form.
  • cationic copolymers may be understood as meaning those copolymers which comprise as one of the comonomers one or more amides of at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, for example (meth) acrylamide in copolymerized form.
  • cationic copolymers are copolymers which are composed of at least one nonionic comonomer, for example a vinylaromatic compound, such as, for example, Example, styrene or at least one Ci-C2o-alkyl ester of at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, and at least one comonomer having at least one protonierbares bares or quaternized nitrogen atom per molecule.
  • nonionic comonomer for example a vinylaromatic compound, such as, for example, Example, styrene or at least one Ci-C2o-alkyl ester of at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid
  • Cationic copolymers in the context of the present invention may also contain one or more anionic comonomers, such as, for example, (meth) acrylic acid or crotonic acid in copolymerized form. If cationic copolymers also contain at least one anionic monomer in copolymerized form, the molar fraction of cationic comonomers is always higher than the molar fraction of anionic comonomers, for example by 0.5 mol%, based on the total cationic copolymer, preferably at least 1 mol% , Particularly preferably 1, 5 to 20 mol%.
  • anionic comonomers such as, for example, (meth) acrylic acid or crotonic acid in copolymerized form.
  • shell (b) or copolymer (s) capable of cross-linking or contained in shell (b) has a glass transition temperature T 9 in the range from -50 to + 30 ° C., preferably -20 to + 30 ° C.
  • Particles (A) comprising a core (a) and at least one shell (b) other than core (a) can be prepared in various ways, for example by multi-stage emulsion polymerization with one or more free-radical initiators in the presence of one or more emulsifiers by an emulsion polymerization with gradient procedure. In the process, the core (a) is first synthesized and then the shell (b) is modified with a modified comonomer composition.
  • core (a) by a seed polymerization emulsion polymerization, that is to say initially add one or more water-insoluble polymers such as polystyrene in very small particles, for example having a mean diameter of 10 to 30 nm (number average) ) which then promote droplet formation during copolymerization.
  • a seed polymerization emulsion polymerization that is to say initially add one or more water-insoluble polymers such as polystyrene in very small particles, for example having a mean diameter of 10 to 30 nm (number average) ) which then promote droplet formation during copolymerization.
  • Hydrophobizing agent (B) is preferably selected from halogen-containing polymers (B1), paraffins (B2) and compounds having at least one Cio-C ⁇ o-alkyl group per molecule (B3).
  • Suitable halogen-containing polymers (B1) are, for example, chlorinated and in particular fluorinated (co) polymers which can be prepared by free-radical (co) polymerization of one or more mono- or polyhalogenated, preferably chlorinated and particularly preferably fluorinated (co) monomers.
  • halogen-containing (co) monomers are fluorine-containing olefins, such as, for example, vinylidene fluoride, trifluorochloroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, vinyl esters of fluorinated or perfluorinated C 3 -C 20 -carboxylic acids, as described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 2,592,069 and 2,732,370.
  • (Meth) acrylic esters of fluorinated or perfluorinated alcohols for example fluorinated or perfluorinated C 3 -C 4 -alkyl alcohols, for example (meth) acrylate esters of HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -CF 3 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -C 2 F 5 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -nC 3 F 7 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -iso-C 3 F 7 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -nC 4 F 9 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -n - C 6 Fi 3 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -nC 8 Fi7, HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -OnC 6 Fi 3 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -OnC 8 Fi 7 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -n-CioF 2 i, HO-CH 2 -CH 2
  • copolymers of, for example, (meth) acrylic acid and / or C 1 -C 20 -alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid or glycidyl (meth) acrylate with esters of the formula II are also copolymers of, for example, (meth) acrylic acid and / or C 1 -C 20 -alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid or glycidyl (meth) acrylate with esters of the formula II
  • R 2 is hydrogen, CH 3 , C 2 H 5 , R 3 CH 3 , C 2 H 5 , x is an integer in the range from 4 to 12, preferably 6 to 8, y is an integer Number in the range of 1 to 1 1, preferably 1 to 6,
  • halogen-containing polymers (B1).
  • halogen-containing polymers (B1) copolymers suitable are copolymers of (meth) acrylklad fluorinated, in particular perfluorinated C 3 -C 2 -alkyl alcohols such as for example HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -CF 3, HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -C 2 F 5 ,
  • HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -nC 3 F 7 HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -iso-C 3 F 7 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -nC 4 F 9 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -n - C 5 Fi 1, HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -nC 6 Fi 3 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -OnC 6 Fi 3 , HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -OnC 8 Fi 7 , HO-CH 2 - CH 2 -n-C7Fi 5 with (meth) acrylic acid esters of non-halogenated C 1 -C 20 -alcohols, for example methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth ) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, n-octyl (meth)
  • a halogen-containing (co) polymer (B1) or several different halogen-containing (co) polymers (B1) can be used to carry out the process according to the invention.
  • Halogen-containing (co) polymer (B1) is used to carry out the process according to the invention in preferably uncrosslinked form, but it can crosslink during drying.
  • paraffins (B2) may be liquid or solid at room temperature and may be of natural or preferably synthetic origin.
  • Preferred paraffins (B2) are synthetic paraffins such as, for example, Fischer-Tropsch waxes, low-pressure polyethylene waxes, for example produced with the aid of Ziegler-Natta catalysts or metallocene catalysts, furthermore partially oxidized low-pressure polyethylene waxes having an acid number in the range from 1 to 150 mg KOH / g paraffin, determined according to DIN 53402, wherein low-pressure polyethylene waxes not only homopolymer waxes of ethylene, but also copolymers of polyethylene with a total of up to 20 wt .-% comonomer such as propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene or 1-dodecene and in particular so-called paraffin waxes and isoparaffin
  • paraffin waxes are understood to mean, in particular at room temperature, solid paraffins melting in the range from 40 to 80 ° C., preferably 50 to 75 ° C., ie saturated hydrocarbons, branched or unbranched, cyclic or preferably acyclic, singly or preferably as a mixture of several saturated hydrocarbons.
  • Paraffin waxes in the context of the present invention are preferably composed of saturated hydrocarbons having 18 to 45 carbon atoms
  • isoparaffins in the context of the present invention are preferably composed of saturated hydrocarbons having 20 to 60 carbon atoms per molecule.
  • hydrophobizing agents (B) are linear or heterocyclic, preferably heteroaromatic, compounds having at least one C 10 -C 30 -alkyl group, preferably having one C 12 -C 40 -alkyl group per molecule (B 3), hereinafter also referred to for short as compound (B3), wherein the Cio-C6o-alkyl group (s) may be different or preferably the same and branched or preferably unbranched. Preference is given to those compounds (B3) which, on heating to temperatures in the range from 120 to 200 ° C., can split off at least one fatty amine or at least one fatty alcohol, ie an amine or an alcohol with a C 10 -C 30 -alkyl group.
  • R 4 is selected from C 10 -C 30 -alkyl, branched or preferably unbranched, for example n-CioH 2i, n-C 12 H 25, n-C 16 H 29, n-C 16 H 33, n-CisHaz, n-C 20 H 4i, n-C 30 H 6i, n-C 40 H 36i, n- C ⁇ oHioi, n-C6oHi2i, and
  • R 10 is selected C 10 -C 30 -alkyl, branched or preferably unbranched, for example n-CioH 2i, n-C 12 H 25, n-C 16 H 29, n-C 16 H 33, n-CisH 3 7, n-C 20 H 4i, n- C3oH6i, n-C4oH ⁇ i, nC 5 oHioi, n-C6oHi2i.
  • carbon numbers and corresponding hydrogen numbers are to be regarded as mean values.
  • R 5 to R 9 are different or preferably identical and selected from among hydrogen, R 4 , CH 2 -OH, CH 2 -O-Ci-Ci 0 -AlkVl, in particular CH 2 -OCH 3 , CH 2 -OC 2 H 5 ,
  • CH 2 -OnC 4 H 9 CH 2 -OCH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 -OCH 2 CH 2 0-Ci-Cio-alkyl, in particular CH 2 -OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 -OCH 2 CH 2 OC 2 H 5 , CH 2 -OCH 2 CH 2 OnC 4 H 9 , CH 2 - (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2 OH, CH 2 - (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2 0-Ci-Cio-alkyl, in particular CH 2 - (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2 OCH 3 , CH 2 - (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2 OC 2 H 5 , and CH 2 - (OCH 2 CH 2 ) 2 OnC 4 H 9 .
  • the hydrophobizing agent (B) used is a combination of at least one paraffin (B2) and at least one compound (B3).
  • particles (A) and hydrophobizing agents (B) are used in a weight ratio ranging from 1: 5 to 5: 1, preferably 1: 3 to 3: 1.
  • emulsifier (C) in the presence of at least one emulsifier (C) can be coated.
  • Suitable emulsifiers (C) are anionic, cationic and nonionic surface-active compounds.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants are ethoxylated mono-, di- and tri-alkylphenols (degree of ethoxylation: 3 to 50, alkyl radical: C4 to Ci 2) and also ethoxylated fatty alcohols (degree of ethoxylation: 3 to 80; alkyl radical: C to C 3 ⁇ ).
  • R 11 is selected from C 6 -C 40 -alkyl, for example n-hexyl, iso-hexyl, n-heptyl, iso-heptyl, n-octyl, iso-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, iso-decyl, n -Nedecyl, n-dodecyl, iso-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, iso-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-eicosyl, n-C3oH6i, n-C4oH 8 i .
  • C3-C4o alkenyl having one to five CC double bonds wherein the CC double bonds may be, for example, isolated or conjugated.
  • R 12 is identical or different and selected from hydrogen and methyl, preferably hydrogen,
  • n are the same or different and selected from integers in the range of 0 to 20, preferably 2 to 12.
  • Suitable anionic surface-active compounds are, for example alkali metal and ammonium salts of alkyl sulfates (alkyl radical: C 8 to Ci 2), ethoxylated sulfuric acid monoesters of alkanols (degree of ethoxylation: from 4 to 30, alkyl: C 2 to C 8) and ethoxylated alkylphenols (degree of ethoxylation : 3 to 50, alkyl radical: C 4 to C 2), of alkylsulfonic acids (alkyl radical: Ci2-Ci8) and of alkylarylsulfonic acids (alkyl radical: Cg to C).
  • Specific suitable anionic surface active compounds are alkali metal and ammonium salts of sulfited succinic C5-C40 alkyl half-esters.
  • Suitable cationic surface-active compounds are generally primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary ammonium salts having C ⁇ -Cis-alkyl, aralkyl or heterocyclic radicals, alkanolammonium salts, pyridinium salts, imidazolinium salts, oxazolinium salts, morpholinium salts, thiazolinium salts and salts of amine oxides, Quinolinium salts, isoquinolinium salts, tropylium salts, sulfonium salts and phosphonium salts.
  • Examples which may be mentioned are dodecylammonium acetate or the corresponding hydrochloride, the chlorides or acetates of the various 2- (N, N, N-trimethylammonium) ethyl paraffins, N-cetylpyridinium chloride, N-laurylpyridinium sulfate, N-cetyl-N, N, N-trimethylammonium bromide, N- Dodecyl-N, N, N-trimethylammonium bromide, N, N-distearyl-N, N-dimethylammonium chloride and the gemini-surfactant N, N '- (lauryldimethyl) ethylenediamine dibromide.
  • emulsifiers (C) it is possible, for example, to use those which were used in the preparation of particles (A) and were not separated off after the preparation of particles (A).
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out, for example, by contacting the surface to be coated with at least one preferably aqueous formulation which contains particles (A) which have a core (a) and at least one shell (a) other than core (a). and optionally with at least one water repellent (B), and thereafter thermally treated.
  • A particles which have a core (a) and at least one shell (a) other than core (a).
  • B water repellent
  • contact is made with two different aqueous formulations, wherein the one aqueous formulation contains particles (A) comprising one core (a) and at least one shell (b) other than core (a) and the other aqueous Formulation contains at least one hydrophobizing agent (B), and then treated thermally.
  • the one aqueous formulation contains particles (A) comprising one core (a) and at least one shell (b) other than core (a) and the other aqueous Formulation contains at least one hydrophobizing agent (B), and then treated thermally.
  • Aqueous formulations may be any aqueous suspensions, preference being given to aqueous liquors.
  • Aqueous formulations and in particular aqueous liquors may have a solids content in the range of 10 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 30 to 50 wt .-%.
  • the temperature for carrying out the coating is not critical per se.
  • the temperature may be in the range of 10 to 60 ° C, preferably 15 to 30 ° C.
  • Aqueous formulation and preferably aqueous liquor may have a pH in the range of 2 to 9, preferably 3.5 to 7.5.
  • the liquor pickup can be selected such that a liquor pickup of 25% by weight to 95% by weight, preferably 60%, is achieved by the process according to the invention 90% by weight results.
  • the coating according to the invention is carried out in common machines used for finishing textiles, for example foulards. Preferred are foulards with vertical textile teineinzug, containing as an essential element two superimposed rollers through which the textile is guided. Above the rollers, aqueous formulation is preferably filled in and wets the textile. The pressure squeezes off the textile and ensures a constant application.
  • coating according to the invention can be carried out, for example, by single or multiple spraying, dropping, pouring, printing, plasma deposition or padding.
  • Aqueous formulations according to the present invention may contain one or more organic solvents, for example alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-iso-butyl ether, acetic acid, n-butanol, iso-butanol, n-hexanol and isomers, n-octanol and isomers, n-dodecanol and isomers.
  • alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-iso
  • Organic solvents may constitute from 1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 2 to 25% by weight, of the continuous phase of aqueous formulation used according to the invention.
  • aqueous formulations are meant those formulations in which the continuous phase consists predominantly or in extreme cases exclusively of water.
  • the surface is treated thermally.
  • the thermal treatment can cause a drying.
  • Treatment can continue to cause crosslinking reactions.
  • the thermal treatment is carried out at a temperature which is below the melting point of core (a).
  • the thermal treatment may be carried out at temperatures in the range of 20 to 200 ° C.
  • thermal treatment it is possible to work, for example, at atmospheric pressure. However, one can instead work at reduced pressure, for example at a pressure in the range of 1 to 850 mbar.
  • an optionally heated gas stream in particular with an optionally heated inert gas stream, for example nitrogen. If it is desired to use a heated gas stream, for example temperatures in the range from 30 to 200 ° C. are suitable, preferably from 120 to 180 ° C., particularly preferably from 150 to 170 ° C.
  • the duration of the thermal treatment can be chosen within wide limits. Usually, it is possible to treat thermally over the duration of about 1 second to about 30 minutes, in particular 10 seconds to 3 minutes.
  • a special suitable method for thermal treatment for example, a hot air drying.
  • the aqueous formulation used to carry out the process according to the invention comprises one or more auxiliaries (D), for example up to 10% by weight, based on total preferably aqueous formulation.
  • auxiliaries for example up to 10% by weight, based on total preferably aqueous formulation.
  • adjuvants (D) are selected from biocides, thickeners, foam inhibitors, wetting agents Plasticizers, handle modifiers, fillers, crosslinkers (hardeners) and film formers.
  • a biocide suitable as excipient (D) is, for example, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one ("BIT”) (commercially available as Proxel® brand from Avecia Lim.) And its alkali metal salts, other suitable biocides are 2- Methyl-2H-isothiazol-3 (“MIT”) and 5-chloro-2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one (“CIT”) Generally, 10 to 150 ppm of biocide is sufficient, based on preferably aqueous formulation.
  • BIT 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one
  • MIT 2- Methyl-2H-isothiazol-3
  • CIT 5-chloro-2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one
  • suitable synthetic thickeners are poly (meth) acrylic compounds, polycarboxylic acids, polyethers, polyimines, polyamides and polyurethanes, in particular copolymers with 85 to 95% by weight of acrylic acid, 4 to 15% by weight of acrylamide and about 0.01 to 1% by weight.
  • thickeners of natural origin include: agar-agar, carrageenan, modified starch and modified cellulose.
  • thickener from 0 to 10% by weight, based on the aqueous formulation used in the process according to the invention, of thickener can be used, preferably from 0.05 to 5% by weight and more preferably from 0.1 to 3% by weight.
  • Exemplary of suitable as auxiliaries (D) foam inhibitors are liquid silicones at room temperature, not ethoxylated or mono- or poly-ethoxylated to name a few.
  • wetting agents suitable as auxiliaries (D) are alkyl polyglycosides, alkyl phosphonates, alkylphenyl phosphonates, alkyl phosphates and alkylphenyl phosphates.
  • plasticizers suitable as auxiliaries (D) are ester compounds selected from the groups of the aliphatic or aromatic di- or polycarboxylic acids completely esterified with alkanols and the phosphoric acid which is at least monoesterified with alkanol.
  • alkanols are C 1 -C 10 -alkanols.
  • alkanol completely esterified aromatic di- or polycarboxylic acids are completely esterified with alkanol phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and mellitic acid; Examples thereof include: di-n-octyl phthalate, di-n-nonyl phthalate, di-n-decyl phthalate, di-n-octyl isophthalate, di-n-nonyl isophthalate, di-n-decyl isophthalate.
  • Preferred examples of aliphatic di- or polycarboxylic acids completely esterified with alkanol are, for example, dimethyl adipate, diethyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, dimethyl glutarate, diethyl glutarate, di-n-glutarate, diisobutyl glutarate, succinic acid, succinic acid, succinic acid. Butyl ester of diisobutyl succinate and mixtures of the abovementioned compounds.
  • Preferred examples of at least monoesterified with alkanol phosphoric acid are Ci-Cio-alkyl-di-C6-Ci4-aryl-phosphates such as isodecyldiphenyl phosphate.
  • Further suitable examples of plasticizers are at least monosubstituted or monosubstituted aliphatic or aromatic di- or polyols with C1-C10-alkylcarboxylic acid.
  • Preferred examples of aliphatic or aromatic di- or polyols which are at least monoesterified by C 1 -C 10 -alkylcarboxylic acid are 2,2,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diol monoisobutyrate.
  • polyesters obtainable by polycondensation of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and aliphatic diol, for example adipic acid or succinic acid and 1,2-propanediol, preferably with an M w of 200 g / mol, and polypropylene glycol alkylphenyl ether, preferably with an M w of 450 g / mol.
  • plasticizers are polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight M w in the range from 400 to 800 g / mol, etherified with two different alcohols, wherein preferably one of the alcohols may be an alkanol, in particular a C 1 -C 10 -alkanol and the other alcohol is preferably an aromatic alcohol , For example, o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol and in particular phenol may be.
  • Fillers suitable as excipient (D) are, for example, melamine and pigments in particulate form.
  • suitable handle improvers are, for example, silicone emulsions to call, i. aqueous emulsions of silicones, which may preferably carry hydrophilic groups such as OH groups or alkoxylate groups.
  • Crosslinking agents (hardeners) suitable as auxiliary (D) are, for example, etherified with preferably linear C 1 -C 4 -alkanol, optionally etherified condensation products of urea, glyoxal and formaldehyde, in particular two to four times etherified with methanol or ethanol
  • crosslinkers which are suitable as auxiliary (D) are isocyanurates and, in particular, hydrophilicized isocyanurates and mixed hydrophilized diisocyanates / isocyanurates, for example isocyanate of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) reacted with C 1 -C 4 -alkylpolyethyleneglycol.
  • suitable crosslinkers are known, for example, from EP-A 0 486 881.
  • auxiliary (D) suitable film-forming agent film-forming agent
  • film-forming agent is exemplified diethylene glycol.
  • a surface to be coated is provided with a primer (E) before the actual coating.
  • primer (E) provides the surface to be coated according to the invention with charge which is opposite to the charge of particles (A) or (A ') (see above) and in particular its shell (b). If it is desired, for example, to use particles (A) or (A) whose shell (b) is cationic, it is advantageous to use a primer (E) which is anionic. If, on the other hand, it is desired to use those particles (A) or (A ') whose shell (b) is anionic, it is advantageous to use a primer (E) which is cationic.
  • Suitable primers (E) may be, for example, polymeric or non-polymeric in nature.
  • suitable polymeric primers may have a number average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 to 500,000 g / mole.
  • cationic primer (E) are, for example, polyethyleneimine and particularly aminosiloxanes such as siloxanes at least one (CH2) W is NH-R have 13 group, in which an integer w is in the range of 1 to 10, in particular 2 to 7 and R 13 is selected from hydrogen, preferably linear CrC 4 -AlkVl and (CH 2) W NH-R 14 , wherein R 14 is selected from hydrogen and preferably linear d-C 4 -AlkVl, further polyvinylimidazole.
  • Further suitable cationic primers (E) are polymers of diallyldi-C 1 -C 4 -alkylammonium halide, in which C 1 -C 4 -alkyl is preferably linear.
  • Suitable cationic primers (E) are reaction products of equimolar amounts of preferably cyclic diamines with epichlorohydrin and an alkylating agent such as, for example, dimethyl sulfate, C 1 -C 10 -alkyl halide, in particular methyl iodide, or benzyl halide, in particular benzyl chloride.
  • Such reaction products may have molecular weights M w in the range of 1,000 to 1,000,000 g / mol and are structured as follows, illustrated by way of example of the reaction products of equimolar amounts of piperazine with epichlorohydrin and benzyl chloride:
  • Suitable anionic primers (E) are, for example, homo- or copolymers of anionic monomers, in particular of ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acids, ethylenically unsaturated amine oxides or (meth) acrylic acid, optionally with one or more C 1 -C 10 -alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid.
  • Further suitable anionic primers are, for example, anionic polyurethanes, which in connection with the present invention are those polyurethanes which contain at least one sulfonic acid group or carboxylic acid group per molecule, preparable, for example, using 1,1-dimethylolpropionic acid.
  • primers (E) it is preferred to use it in aqueous formulation and to apply it before coating with particles (A) or particles (A ').
  • suitable working techniques include spraying, sprinkling and, in particular, padding.
  • a cationic primer (E) is applied to cotton surface, optionally treated thermally and then coated with anionic particles (A) or (A ') and optionally at least one hydrophobing agent (B).
  • no primer (E) is applied to cotton surface and immediately coated with anionic particles (A) or (A ') and optionally at least one hydrophobing agent (B). Then you treat each thermally.
  • an anionic primer (E) is applied to the polyester surface, optionally thermally treated and then coated with cationic particles (A) or (A ') and optionally at least one hydrophobizing agent (B). Then you treat thermally.
  • Another object of the present invention are coated surfaces prepared by the method according to the invention.
  • a further subject of the present invention are surfaces coated with particles (A) which comprise a core (a) and at least one shell (b) other than core (a) and at least one hydrophobizing agent (B).
  • Surfaces according to the invention can advantageously be prepared by the process according to the invention described above.
  • Surfaces according to the invention are structured and have a water-repellent effect and show a low tendency to fouling.
  • optionally used emulsifier (C) or emulsifiers (C) are deposited on surfaces according to the invention not or only in traces and thus substantially lack the coated surfaces according to the invention.
  • optionally used adjuvant (D) or adjuvants (D) are deposited on surfaces according to the invention not or only in traces and thus substantially lack the coated surfaces according to the invention.
  • surface according to the invention is characterized in that the treatment effects a coating which may be uneven or, preferably, uniform. It is understood uniformly that the structuring is regular, uneven, that the structuring is irregular, i. One observes structured areas and non-structured areas of the surface.
  • surfaces according to the invention have a coating with an average thickness in the range from 50 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 100 nm to 1 ⁇ m, particularly preferably up to 500 nm.
  • the coating applied according to the invention has a coverage in the range of 0.2 to 10 g / m 2 , preferably 1 to 2 g / m 2 .
  • surfaces according to the invention are surfaces of textiles.
  • Textile surfaces according to the invention not only have good hydrophobicity and are dirt-repellent, but also have good resistances, in particular washing resistance.
  • Another aspect of the present invention are articles having at least one surface according to the invention.
  • Another object of the present invention are particles (A ') having a median diameter (number average) in the range of 20 to 1000 nm, preferably 25 to 475 nm, particularly preferably 50 to 300 nm, the
  • (b) contain a shell comprising a crosslinked or crosslinkable-reactive copolymer of at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or at least one ester or amide of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein the core (a) of particles (A ') has an average diameter in the range from 10 to 950, preferably 15 to 450 nm, and wherein core (a) and shell (b) are different from one another.
  • core (a) or shell (b) or core (a) and shell (b) comprise an anionic, preferably a cationic copolymer or different anionic, preferably different cationic copolymers.
  • particles (A ') according to the invention contain a core-shell polymer, the shell corresponding to shell (b).
  • particles (A ') according to the invention With particles (A ') according to the invention, the method according to the invention for coating surfaces can be carried out particularly well.
  • a further subject of the present invention is therefore the use of particles (A) according to the invention for coating surfaces.
  • Another object of the present invention is a process for coating surfaces using particles (A ') according to the invention.
  • Inventive particles (A ') can be prepared for example by emulsion polymerization, for. B. by stepwise emulsion or by emulsion polymerization with Gradientenfahrweise.
  • a further subject of the present invention is thus a process for the preparation of particles (A ') according to the invention by emulsion polymerization, also referred to hereinafter as preparation process according to the invention.
  • preparation process it is preferable to use at least one initiator. At least one initiator may be a peroxide.
  • alkali metal peroxodisulfates such as, for example, sodium peroxodisulfate, ammonium peroxodisulfate, hydrogen peroxide
  • organic peroxides such as diacetyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, diamyl peroxide, dioctanoyl peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, bis (o-toluyl) peroxide, succinyl peroxide , tert-butyl peracetate, tert-butyl permaliate, tert-butyl perisobutyrate, tert-butyl perpivalate, tert-butyl peroctoate, tert-butyl pernodecanoate, tert-butyl perbenzoate, di-tert-butyl peroxide, ter
  • Redox initiators are also suitable for carrying out the preparation process according to the invention, for example from peroxides and oxidizable sulfur compound.
  • peroxides and oxidizable sulfur compound are particularly preferred.
  • systems of acetone bisulfite and organic peroxide such as tert-C4Hg-OOH, Na 2 S 2 Os (sodium disulfite) and organic peroxide such as tert-C 4 H 9 -OOH or NaO-CH 2 SO 2 H and organic peroxide such as tert-C 4 H 9 -OOH.
  • systems such as ascorbic acid / H 2 O 2 are particularly preferred.
  • Temperatures in the range from 20 to 105.degree. C., preferably from 50 to 85.degree. C., can be selected as the temperature for carrying out the preparation process according to the invention. The advantageously selected temperature is dependent on the decay characteristic of the initiator or the initiators used.
  • the pressure conditions for carrying out the production process according to the invention are generally not critical, suitable, for example, pressures in the range of atmospheric pressure to 10 bar.
  • emulsifier which may be anionic, cationic or nonionic and which may be selected from those listed under emulsifiers (C).
  • a period of time in the range from 30 minutes to 12 hours for carrying out the preparation process according to the invention, preferably from 2 to 6 hours.
  • a core (a) is first prepared by emulsion polymerization.
  • Core (a) already precipitates in particulate form in the reaction mixture. However, it dispenses with the purification of core (a) and sets to the reaction mixture comonomers, optionally further initiator or other initiators and optionally emulsifier and in this way produces shell (b), which is polymerized directly on core (a).
  • shell (b) and core (a) are in many cases not only physically linked but covalently linked together.
  • deodorization is effected, for example chemically by addition of further initiator after completion of the addition of comonomer.
  • a further subject of the present invention are aqueous formulations comprising particles (A) which comprise a core (a) and at least one shell (b) other than core (a), preferably particles (A ') according to the invention, and optionally at least one hydrophobizing agent (B).
  • Aqueous formulations according to the invention the process according to the invention described above can be carried out particularly well, and they can easily be processed, for example by dilution with water, into liquors with which the process according to the invention can likewise be carried out well.
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention comprise particles (A) comprising a core (a) and at least one of
  • Core (a) comprise various shell (b), and optionally at least one hydrophobizing agent (B).
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention are characterized in that particles (A) have a mean diameter (number average) in the range from 20 to 1000 nm, preferably 25 to 475 nm, particularly preferably 50 to 300 nm.
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention are characterized in that core (a) comprises a crosslinked copolymer of at least one vinylaromatic compound.
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention are characterized in that particles (A) comprise a shell (b) which comprises a crosslinked or crosslinking-capable copolymer of at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or at least one ester or amide of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid ,
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention are characterized in that core (a) or shell (b) comprises an anionic, preferably a cationic copolymer.
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention may contain one or more emulsifiers (C).
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention may comprise one or more excipients (D).
  • Emulsifiers (C) and auxiliaries (D) can be selected from the emulsifiers (C) described above or the auxiliaries (D) described above.
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention are characterized in that particles (A) are selected from particles (A ') according to the invention.
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention have a pH in the range from 2 to 9, preferably 3.5 to 7.5.
  • Formulations preferably have a solids content in the range of 10 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 30 to 50 wt .-% to.
  • aqueous formulations according to the invention have a dynamic viscosity in the range from 50 to 5000 mPa.s, preferably 100 to 4000 mPa.s and more preferably 200 to 2000 mPa.s, measured, for example, using a Brookfield viscometer DIN 51562-1 to 4.
  • a further subject of the present invention is a process for the preparation of aqueous formulations according to the invention, also referred to hereinafter as the formulation process according to the invention.
  • the formulation process according to the invention preference is given to particles (A) which contain a core (a) and at least one shell other than core (a), optionally hydrophobizing agent (B), optionally one or more emulsifiers ( C) and optionally one or more excipients (D) with each other and mixed with water, for example, stirred.
  • the order of addition of the components water and particles (A) containing a core (a) and at least one shell different from core (a), optionally hydrophobizing agent (B), optionally one or more emulsifiers (C) and optionally one or more Adjuvants (D) is generally not critical to performance. It is preferred first to introduce water and then to submerge the components (A), (B) and optionally (D).
  • particles (A) are prepared in the presence of emulsifier (C) and water and mixed with at least one hydrophobizing agent (B) and optionally one or more auxiliaries (D).
  • the glass transition temperature T 9 was determined using a DSC822 (TA8200 series) from Mettler-Toledo with a TSO 801 RO autosampler.
  • the DSC device was equipped with a temperature sensor FSR5. It was worked according to DIN 53765. In each case, the second heating curve of the evaluation was used. Cool each to -1 10 ° C, heating rate: 20 ° C / min, heating to 150 ° C, hold for 5 minutes at 150 ° C, then cooling to -1 10 0 C, heating rate: 20 ° C / min, heating to 150 0 C.
  • the particle diameter distribution of particles (A ') according to the invention was determined in each case by Coulter Counter from Malvern according to ISO 13321.
  • DMAPMAM N, N-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide
  • the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at 75 ° C and then for deodorization simultaneously a solution of 1, 05 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (70 wt .-% in water), diluted with 10 ml of distilled water, and a solution of 1, 04 g acetone disulfite (13 wt .-% in water), diluted with 10 ml of distilled water, dosed over a period of 90 minutes.
  • the mixture was stirred for a further 30 minutes at 75 ° C and then for deodorization simultaneously a solution of 0.91 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (70 wt .-% in water), diluted with 30 ml of distilled water, and a solution of 1, 04 g of acetone disulfite (13 wt .-% in water), diluted with 30 ml of distilled water, dosed over a period of 90 minutes ,
  • the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at 75 ° C and then for deodorization simultaneously a solution of 0.91 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (70 wt .-% in water), diluted with 30 ml of distilled water, and a solution of 1, 04 g acetone disulfite (13 wt .-% in water), diluted with 30 ml of distilled water, dosed over a period of 90 minutes.
  • Mixture 1.4.1 300 g of deionized water 320.5 g of styrene, 84 g of allyl methacrylate, 2.9 g of acrylic acid, 8.4 g of compound IV.1 in 1 1 ml of water 12.6 g of N , N-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide adjusted to a pH of 4.0 with formic acid.
  • the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at 75 ° C and then for deodorization simultaneously a solution of 0.56 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (70 wt .-% in water), diluted with 30 ml of distilled water, and a solution of 0.55 g of acetone disulfite (13% by weight in water) diluted with 30 ml of distilled water, added over a period of 90 minutes.
  • Blend 1.5.1 was added within 2 hours, the remainder of mixture 1.5.2 within 2 hours 15 minutes. During the addition, the temperature was maintained at 75 ° C. One obtained shell (a.5).
  • the mixture was stirred for a further 30 minutes at 75 ° C and then for deodorizing simultaneously a solution of 0.75 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (70 wt .-% in water), diluted with 30 ml of distilled water, and a solution of 1, 08 g of acetone disulfite (13 wt .-% in water), diluted with 30 ml of distilled water, dosed over a period of 90 minutes.
  • tert-butyl hydroperoxide 70 wt .-% in water
  • 1, 08 g of acetone disulfite 13 wt .-% in water
  • a suspension containing 140 ml of demineralized water and 29.1 g of a 33% by weight polystyrene seed (average diameter 30 nm, in water) was placed in a 5 l stirred tank, nitrogen inlet and three metering devices. By the Suspension was passed over a period of one hour nitrogen. Subsequently, the suspension was heated to 75 ° C.
  • the mixture was stirred for a further 30 minutes at 75 ° C and then for deodorizing simultaneously a solution of 1, 05 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (70 wt .-% in water), diluted with 10 ml of distilled water, and a solution of 1, 04 g of acetone disulfite (13 wt .-% in water), diluted with 10 ml of distilled water, dosed over a period of 90 minutes.
  • n-BA n-butyl acrylate
  • AS acrylic acid
  • % in AS or styrene for core refers to total comonomers for core, for AS and n-BA for shell refer to total comonomers for shell. % always mean% by weight, unless expressly stated otherwise.
  • Particles (A'.6) to (A'.8) according to the invention are anionic particles.
  • a suspension containing 160 ml of demineralized water and 9.1 g of a 33% by weight polystyrene seed (mean diameter 30 nm, in water) was placed in a 5 l stirred tank, nitrogen inlet and three metering devices. Nitrogen was passed through the suspension over a period of one hour. Subsequently, the suspension was heated to 75 ° C.
  • Blend 1.9.1, 1.9.2 and 1.9.3 was begun.
  • Mixture 1.9.1 was added within 3 hours, mixtures 1.9.2 and 1.9.3 each within 3 hours 15 minutes.
  • the temperature was kept at 75 ° C.
  • the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at 75 ° C and then for deodorization simultaneously a solution of 1, 2 g of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (70 wt .-% in water), diluted with 22 ml of distilled water, and a solution of 0.8 g of HO-CH 2 SO 2 Na, diluted with 25 ml of distilled water, added over a period of 90 minutes.
  • Particulates (A ') of the invention in aqueous formulations did not tend to agglomerate.
  • Aqueous formulation according to the invention contains compound IV.1 from WD.2 or WD.3 or WD.5 ** : aqueous formulation according to the invention contains n-Ci2H25 (OCH2CH2) 3OSO3Na from WD.7
  • Foulard Manufacturer: Mathis, type no. HVF12085, contact pressure 1 - 3 bar.
  • the contact pressure was always adjusted so that the liquor pick-up (based on the weight of the goods) was 60% for polyester and 90% for cotton, unless otherwise stated.
  • the fleet had room temperature, unless stated otherwise.
  • Dryer continuous dryer from Mathis THN 12589 Test procedure:
  • Spray test AATCC 22-2001, oil grade: AATCC 1 18-2002, water repellency: AATCC 193-2004, smoothness: AATCC 124-2001
  • Washing conditions Delicates at 30 ° C, 15 g / l of a mild detergent (FEWA), Washing machine: Miele Novotronic T440C, Adjustment: Tumbler dry, damp.
  • FEWA mild detergent
  • Washing machine Miele Novotronic T440C
  • Adjustment Tumbler dry, damp.
  • Textile (BW) was first padded with an aqueous liquor containing 0.8% by weight (based on the weight of the product) of a cationic primer (EK.1) prepared by reacting equimolar amounts of epichlorohydrin with piperazine and benzyl chloride, Molecular weight M w 15,000 g / mol. It was dried on a tenter for two minutes at 110 ° C and then padded with a liquor containing inventive aqueous formulation F.7, under the conditions described above. Subsequently, the textile thus treated was dried at 1 10 ° C on a tenter for two minutes, the residual moisture was in each case 6 to 8 wt .-%.
  • EK.1 cationic primer
  • Polyester fabric was first padded with an aqueous liquor containing 0.5% by weight (based on the weight of the product) of the anionic primer E A .1. It was dried on a tenter for two minutes at 1 10 ° C and then padded with a liquor containing inventive aqueous formulation F.1, under the conditions described above. Subsequently, the textile thus treated was dried at 1 10 ° C on a tenter for two minutes, the residual moisture was in each case 6 to 8 wt .-%.
  • the excipient (D.4) used was a hydrophilized isocyanurate / diisocyanate from EP 0 486 881, Example 4.
  • Cotton fabric was first padded with an aqueous liquor containing aqueous dispersion according to Table 1 and Table 3 and 5 wt .-%, based on the weight of goods, excipient (D.4) (1st step). The application speed was 2 m / min. Subsequently, the thus-treated BW was dried at 1 10 ° C on a tenter for two minutes.
  • Polyester fabric was first padded with an aqueous liquor containing 0.5% by weight (based on the weight of the product) of the anionic primer E A .1. It was dried on a tenter for two minutes at 110 ° C padded afterwards with a liquor containing inventive aqueous formulation according to Table 4 and 5 wt .-%, based on the weight of the product, excipient (D.4) (1st step). The application speed was 2 m / min. Subsequently, the PES thus treated was dried at 1 10 ° C on a tenter for two minutes.
  • Textile (BW) was first padded with an aqueous liquor containing 5 g / l (equivalent to 0.2 wt .-%, based on the weight of goods) of a cationic primer (EK.1), prepared by reacting equimolar amounts of epichlorohydrin with Piperazine and benzyl chloride, molecular weight M w 15,000 g / mol. It was then thermally treated for two minutes at 140 ° C in the dryer and then padded with a liquor containing aqueous dispersion WD.6 and 5 wt .-%, based on the weight of the product, excipient (D.4), with a liquor pick-up of 90 % (Step 1). Subsequently, the BW thus treated was dried at 110 ° C on a tenter for two minutes, the residual moisture was 6 to 8 wt .-% in each case.
  • EK.1 cationic primer
  • BW.1 1 For the preparation of BW.1 1 was carried out as described above, but used in the priming an aqueous liquor containing 12.5 g / l of the above cationic primer.
  • the sample of textile (size approx. 10 -10 cm) to be examined was placed without folds on a tilting table or glued on. Tilt angles from 1 ° to 75 ° can be defined with the tilting table.
  • Tilt angles from 1 ° to 75 ° can be defined with the tilting table.
  • a large angle of inclination was initially started and the dripping behavior of water droplets was investigated.
  • 1 drop of water (12 mg) was dropped from a disposable syringe with a 0.4-micron cannula.
  • the drops of water always rolled off.
  • the angle of inclination was gradually reduced more and more, and it was checked by dropping drops of water whether or not they were rolling. This determined the minimum inclination angle at which at least 3 out of 5 water droplets unrolled from 5 drops of water dripping at 5 different points in the sample.
  • This inclination angle was given as a dynamic roll-off angle.
  • Oil note / 10 Oil note after 10 household washes

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé d'application de revêtements sur des surfaces, qui consiste à appliquer sur lesdites surfaces des particules (A) qui possèdent une partie centrale (a) et au moins un enrobage (b) différent de la partie centrale, ainsi, éventuellement, qu'au moins un produit imperméabilisant (B), puis à soumettre ces surfaces à un traitement thermique.
EP06793412A 2005-09-16 2006-09-11 Procede d'application de revetements sur des surfaces et particules adaptees a cet effet Withdrawn EP1924736A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510044521 DE102005044521A1 (de) 2005-09-16 2005-09-16 Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Oberflächen und dafür geeignete Partikel
PCT/EP2006/066231 WO2007031490A1 (fr) 2005-09-16 2006-09-11 Procede d'application de revetements sur des surfaces et particules adaptees a cet effet

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1924736A1 true EP1924736A1 (fr) 2008-05-28

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06793412A Withdrawn EP1924736A1 (fr) 2005-09-16 2006-09-11 Procede d'application de revetements sur des surfaces et particules adaptees a cet effet

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US7906172B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1924736A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20080046718A (fr)
CN (1) CN101263259B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0615937A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005044521A1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI325342B (fr)
WO (1) WO2007031490A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008059007A2 (fr) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Basf Se Formulations aqueuses et leur utilisation
CN102604502A (zh) * 2012-03-09 2012-07-25 常熟市协新冶金材料有限公司 可降解餐具用丙烯酸乳液涂料的制备方法
WO2018026724A1 (fr) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-08 Daikin America, Inc. Composition de cire destinée à être utilisée sur des planches
CN110665768B (zh) * 2019-07-26 2022-04-26 江苏菲沃泰纳米科技股份有限公司 防水纳米膜及其制备方法、应用和产品
US12091574B2 (en) 2019-07-26 2024-09-17 Jiangsu Favored Nanotechnology Co., Ltd. Hydrophobic surface coating and preparation method therefor
KR102383743B1 (ko) * 2021-10-13 2022-04-08 주식회사 바사디자인 고탄력성 스펀지 가구의 마감처리 방법 및 이에 따라 마감처리된 친환경적인 스펀지 가구

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101263259A (zh) 2008-09-10
TWI325342B (en) 2010-06-01
DE102005044521A1 (de) 2007-03-22
US20110124796A1 (en) 2011-05-26
TW200714375A (en) 2007-04-16
US7906172B2 (en) 2011-03-15
BRPI0615937A2 (pt) 2016-08-23
CN101263259B (zh) 2010-12-29
KR20080046718A (ko) 2008-05-27
WO2007031490A1 (fr) 2007-03-22
US20080254212A1 (en) 2008-10-16

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