Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
  • A47L9/106—Dust removal
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
  • A47L9/102—Dust separators
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
  • A47L9/14—Bags or the like; Rigid filtering receptacles; Attachment of, or closures for, bags or receptacles
  • A47L9/1409—Rigid filtering receptacles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
  • A47L9/16—Arrangement or disposition of cyclones or other devices with centrifugal action
  • A47L9/1683—Dust collecting chambers; Dust collecting receptacles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
  • A47L9/18—Liquid filters
  • A47L9/182—Separating by passing the air over a liquid bath
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
  • A47L9/18—Liquid filters
  • A47L9/183—Spray cleaning

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method of treating dust in a vacuum cleaner. Moreover, the invention relates to various devices for carrying out such a method.
• dust control systems are used, which are usually arranged between the air inlet of a dust collection chamber and the suction side of a fan and retain the collected dust before entering the fan.
• the best known variant is a bag shaped filter which is internally pressurized, d. h., the dust settles inside the bag.
• the bag is usually still downstream of a fine dust filter, which receives dust particles in the order of less than 2 microns, which pass through the bag. The removal of this dust content from the room air wins with the increasing number of people with allergies in importance, as these particles are respirable because of their small size and therefore lead to a health burden.
• the bag When reaching the maximum capacity, which is about 400 grams, the bag must be replaced, this can be hygienic especially with closable bags, as the dust remains in the bag and is disposed of with this. Such replacement is required several times a year, depending on usage, and incurs costs. Also, the fine dust filter must be replaced after a certain period of use, but here are the intervals because of the small amount of fine dust larger, from the manufacturers, a replacement after about a year is recommended. Because of the small particle sizes, a small proportion by mass of fine dust is produced, which is why commercially available fine dust filters have a capacity of about 10 grams.
• washable and reusable textile filter bag (DE 199 11 331 C1); Here are primarily concerns about hygiene, since the heavily contaminated
• Centrifugal separator so-called cyclones (EP 0 647 114 B1);
• the latter two systems offer the possibility to easily remove the dust collector, empty and clean when dirty.
• attempts have been made to emulate the dust separation known from the anthers.
• the separation limit of the separator is very small, because of the fuzzy separation are therefore large amounts of respirable particulate matter in the dust collection containers.
• the emptying of these containers then causes the lighter components of the dumped dust to fly up and spread in the air. As a result, in particular allergy sufferers are charged.
• the dust is separated into at least two fractions, which differ by the size or mass of the dust particles, and a fraction becomes
• the fraction whose dust particles are for the most part smaller than the fraction to which a dust binder is added can then advantageously be obtained from a fine dust filter be recorded. This avoids that particles of this fraction are returned to the room air and swirled there.
• the dust is separated into three fractions, which differ by the size and / or mass of the dust particles, and a dust binder is added to the fraction with dust particles, which have a majority of medium size or mass.
• the first fraction containing only coarse particles, can be emptied without any dusting even without binder. Therefore, a dust binder is needed only for the middle fraction. The amount required for binding can be significantly reduced compared to methods that collect the first two fractions in a container.
• the facilities with which the dust is separated should be dimensioned so that the first fraction contains a majority of dust particles with a size of more than 200 microns, that the second fraction contains a majority of dust particles with a size between 200 microns and 30 microns and that a third fraction contains a majority of dust particles with a size of less than 30 microns.
• Particles of the third fraction are still very large at 30 ⁇ m, which in turn causes a particulate matter filter with a very large absorption capacity. In this way, however, it is achieved that in the second fraction, even with a blurred separation, only very few respirable particulate matter particles are present. This ensures that users are not or only slightly at risk when emptying the container for the second fraction, even if they have decided against the use of a dust binder or forgot its addition.
• a suitable device for separating the dust operates on the mass inertia principle. It is used in a vacuum cleaner, which includes an air inlet, an air outlet and a solid container.
• the air inlet and the air outlet are separated from the sump by a partition having an opening, and the arrangement of the air inlet, the air outlet and the partition with its opening cause a sudden deflection of the air flow in the manner that dust particles of a predetermined minimum size from the air flow are deposited and remain in the sump below the partition.
• a partition having an opening
• Such a device can be used advantageously with a dust binder, but can also be used in vacuum cleaners in which the sump is emptied in a conventional manner without the addition of dust binder.
• the air inlet is designed as an opening in a cover surface of the container and the dividing wall is arranged approximately parallel to the cover surface at least in the region of its opening (claim 22).
• the opening in the partition wall from one to
• Air inlet facing collar surrounded (claim 23).
• the space between the upper deck surface and the partition wall is increased and has a sufficient receiving volume for the fine dust.
• the volume flow through the annular gap is evened out even if the air inlet opening is arranged asymmetrically within the fine dust filter.
• both openings are circular and form a cylindrical or frusto-conical gap (claim 24).
• the width of the gap should be dimensioned such that the cylindrical or frustoconical lateral surface formed by the gap is approximately the cross-sectional area the air inlet opening corresponds (claim 25).
• the partition is provided with a bypass opening (claim 26). This avoids whirling up of the coarse dust within the collecting container, since the excess pressure resulting from air turbulence is removed from the collecting container.
• the collecting container is detachably formed from the rest of the container (claim 27).
• An advantageous construction of the Staubabscheide- container results from the fact that it comprises a lid and the partition next to the collecting container, wherein the lid includes the air inlet, openings for the air outlet and a fine dust filter (claim 28).
• partition and lid can be formed separately, which on the one hand facilitates the production and on the other hand allows easy removal of the fine dust filter for cleaning.
• a particularly advantageous Staubabscheide container has at least two collecting containers for receiving dust fractions with different particle size or mass, which are arranged in flow one behind the other in series.
• the containers should be designed such that the separation limit of the first container is about 200 microns and the separation limit of the second container is about 30 microns.
• the first fraction containing only coarse particles, can be emptied without any dusting even without binder. Therefore, a dust binder is needed only for the middle fraction. The amount required for binding can be significantly reduced compared to methods that collect the first two fractions in a container.
• Containers for the second fraction are not or only slightly endangered, even if they have decided against the use of a dust binder or forget about its addition.
• a device according to the invention for adding a dust binder into the dust collecting container can be arranged as external, separate from the vacuum cleaner, internal to the vacuum cleaner or in a suction attachment of the vacuum cleaner.
• Advantageous or even advantageous embodiments of such a device are disclosed in the dependent claims 37 to 54.
• a suitable fine dust filter should have at least a storage capacity of 200 grams. Because of the separation limit of 30 microns relatively large and massive particles in get the fine dust filter, a commercial filter with a capacity of 10 grams would quickly exhausted. This would contradict the idea of a vacuum cleaner, which should require little or no consumables. For this reason, a filter capacity is selected which guarantees a service life of more than one year under normal usage conditions. In addition to the increased service life, the advantage of a low flow loss of only about 20% (at the end of the service life, based on the initial state) is achieved.
• the use of such a filter is preferably carried out in a vacuum cleaner in which a dust binder for the next larger fraction is used. However, a use of such a filter is also possible without a dust binder, in particular when the separation limits of the dust-collecting container are so sharp that the next largest fraction does not contain respirable particles.
• Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a vacuum cleaner according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the dust collection chamber of the vacuum cleaner of Figure 1 in an exploded view;
• FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the vacuum cleaner of FIG. 1;
• Figure 4 is a sectional side view of a dust collecting space with metering device
• FIG. 5 is a partially sectioned view of another embodiment of a dust collecting space with metering device
• FIG. 6 shows a partially sectioned view of a further embodiment of a dust collection chamber with heating device
• FIGS. 7a, b show two views of a dust collection chamber according to an alternative embodiment
• Figure 8 is a schematic view of a separate device for binding the 0 dust
• Figure 9 is a sectional detail view of the device of Figure 8 with a cassette
• FIG. 10 shows a dust collecting container with pressing device
• FIG 11 shows a dust collector with agitator
• FIGS. 12a, b show a further alternative of dust binding
• Figures 13 to 15 a vacuum cleaner or dust collector with dust binding by an electromagnetic field
• Figure 16 is a schematic of a three-fraction dust collector
• FIG. 17 shows a dust collecting container with water supply
• FIG. 18 shows the dust collecting container according to FIG. 17 during the emptying process
• Dust separator container 1
• Figure 20 shows the Staubabscheide container 1 of Figure 1 in the top view
• FIGS. 23, 24 show a particularly advantageous embodiment of an inventive dust collecting container with a dust separation in three
• Figures 25, 26 the basic structure of a fine dust filter according to the invention.
• Figures 27, 28 in detail a first embodiment of the particulate filter in plan view
• Figure 29 shows a second embodiment of the particulate filter in plan view.
• FIG. 1 shows, purely schematically, a vacuum cleaner 1 in longitudinal section.
• the vacuum cleaner 1 has in a known manner a housing 2, which is divided into a fan chamber 3 and a dust collecting space 4.
• the dust collecting space 4 is closed by a pivotable cover 5 and has a first opening 6 into which the coupling 7 of a suction hose 8 opens.
• a suction tube (not shown) to the suction hose 8 different Saugvor instruments (also not shown) can be connected.
• a second opening 9 is arranged in the dividing wall 10 between the dust collecting space 4 and the blowing chamber 3. Behind this opening 9 is a fine dust filter 11.
• a fan motor 12 is arranged in the fan chamber 3, which is directed with its suction side to the fine dust filter 11 and the opening 9 and with its outlet side via further openings 18 - possibly with upstream filter (not shown) - connected to the ambient air 13.
• a receiving space 14 for a device control and operating and display elements is arranged above the fan room.
• this is a centrifugal separator 20, the aforementioned variants Massenträgheitsabscheider or dust cassette are also conceivable.
• the separator used is dimensioned such that a fraction is collected within the dust collection container, the majority of which are greater than 30 microns.
• Figure 2 shows the centrifugal separator 20 as a detail. It comprises a cyclone cone 21, which is provided with an air feed 22 and an air discharge 23.
• the air supply 22 is in fluid communication with the opening 6, the air discharge 23 via the line 15 with the opening 9 (see Figure 1).
• the cyclone cone 21 is inserted into a cylindrical container 24, which, as shown in the figure, can be divided into a tubular holder 25 and a dust collecting container 26 arranged underneath.
• the sucked dust-laden air is set in the cyclone cone 21 in a rotational movement, so that according to the principle of centrifugal force of the coarse dust 17 is pressed against the outer wall and falls down into the dust collector 26. In the further airway then the fine dust is separated by the fine dust filter 11. If the container 26 is filled, which can be determined via fill level, pressure or dust quantity sensors or simply by measuring the switch-on times of the blower (not shown), this is communicated to the user via a display device 35 (see FIG.
• FIG. 3 shows the top view of an inventively designed vacuum cleaner 1.
• a control panel 30 in addition to the known control and display elements such as
• a power switch 31, change indicator 32 for the fine dust filter 11, cable rewind button 33 and power divider 34 further elements provided, whose function is explained later. Among other things, this may be the above-described display 35 for emptying the dust collector 26.
• a piezoelectric sensor known from EP 0 759 157 B1 is used to activate the change display, which signal to the device control - symbolically indicated in the figure by the dashed box 36 - is transmitted to the device absorbed amount of dust correlates. The user may then separate the dust collector 26 from the remainder of the centrifugal separator 20 and empty the coarse dust 17. This is where the invention begins:
• a dust binder is added to this.
• a dust-binding agent in the context of the invention is a one- or multi-component additive which is present in solid and / or liquid and / or gaseous phase, the phase being possibly variable in order to penetrate the sucked-up dust present in loose, unbound form mix and at least partially make a binding of the dust.
• the dust binder should also bind the particulate matter, germs, bacteria, pollen and other pollutants present in the dust collection container in order to avoid turbulence and the resulting burden on the user when disposed of.
• the filled dust collection chamber can be emptied in a hygienic manner, without resulting in dusting.
• Suitable dust-dispersing agents which can be used are suitably dispersible liquids, powders, foams, granules or solid, in particular tablet-shaped, pressed substances.
• the dust binder fragrances, cleansing or germ inhibiting substances may be added.
• the addition of the dust binder in the dust collection container by means of a suitable device which is integrated either within the vacuum cleaner or in a suction attachment or is designed as an external apparatus with a receptacle for the dust collector.
• a dust binder is added and mixed with the dust.
• a dust binder a liquid, powder, foam or granules can be used, mixed forms are conceivable. In particular, when using granules should this be added to a substance which improves the adhesion of the dust.
• the dust-binding agent may be enriched with agents which have a cleaning action, for example by adding surfactants or similar cleaning-promoting substances. Bactericidal, bacteriostatic, and / or fungicidal agents may also be added to prevent microbial contamination within the dust collector. These properties are achieved, for example, by doping the material with silver ions.
• fragrances can be used to make the handling of the dust collection room more pleasant.
• the dust-binding agent must come into contact with the dust in order to fulfill its function within the meaning of the invention, the following possible variants for metering consisting:
• the dust binder is metered by the user directly into the dust collector. This option is extremely cost-effective to implement, since no additional active active elements must be installed in the vacuum cleaner, which is disadvantageous that the consumer can come into contact with the sucked dust before it is bound. To eliminate this disadvantage, the dust binder can be sucked by switching on the blower in the dust collector. • The dust binder is added to the dust collector via a dosing device, whereby the activation takes place via an actuating device arranged on the vacuum cleaner, on the suction attachment or on the external apparatus.
• the dust binder is automatically dosed by the vacuum cleaner or the suction attachment. This can be done with the fan on by appropriate metering in the air supply, or directly into the dust collector.
• the dust binder is dosed at the beginning of a suction process, whereby either the amount required for the dust collecting container is added once after emptying or dosing takes place over several partial cuts. Furthermore, the addition of the dust binder can also take place after the suction process.
• the activation of the dosing device required for this purpose with respect to the amount, the time of addition and / or the addition frequency can be controlled in terms of time, level or amount of dust. For this purpose, the same devices can be used as for the change indicator described above.
• the dust binder is added automatically when the dust collector is inserted.
• agents for mixing dust and dust binder in particular when adding the agent at the beginning or at the end of the suction process or when added in an external apparatus.
• mechanical or motor means can be used, which set the container in motion, rotation or vibration.
• a dust quantity sensor 41 which detects the quantity of dust flowing through, is arranged in the air feed 22. Further, in the air supply 22, a metering device 42 for powder and / or granules as dust binder 43 is provided. The quantity detected by the dust quantity sensor 41 is passed on to the device control 36, and this causes, in the presence of a quantity which requires a drainage of the collecting container 26, that the dust binder is discharged via a metering flap 44 into the air supply 22 and swirled there with the still dust-laden air becomes. Due to the subsequent cyclone-like turbulence of the air with the dust 17 and the dust binder 43 optimal mixing is achieved.
• the dust binder 43 is collected together with the dust 17 in the container 26 and can then be disposed of at regular intervals.
• the metering of the dust binder 43 can take place via flaps, pistons, screws and / or nozzles.
• the addition of the dust binder can be done either directly in the dust collection chamber 26 or in the region of the air supply 22, e.g. the addition can already take place on the suction attachment of the vacuum cleaner 1 (not shown).
• FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a dust collecting container 26, in which the coarse dust 17 is bound.
• at least one spraying device 50 is provided on the container 26, by means of which a fluid 52 can be discharged into the dust collecting chamber 26.
• the spray device 50 comprises a reservoir 53, in which the fluid 52 is arranged as a dust binder.
• 36 activatable dosing pumps 54 are provided by the device control to promote by means of hoses 55, the liquid dust binder 52 in the dust collector 26.
• one or more nozzles 51 are provided, from which the discharged from the hoses 55 fluid 52 is discharged into the dust collecting space 26 and atomized.
• the dispersed, dust-binding fluid 52 is shown schematically by the spray 56.
• the dust-binding agent 52 may be a glycol-containing or glycerin-containing liquid which reduces the surface tension to values of less than 40 mN / m and, if appropriate, is supplemented with fungicidal, bacteriostatic and / or bactericidal ingredients. Also conceivable is the use of a highly diluted adhesive, such as wallpaper paste.
• the liquid dust binder 52 should preferably be dispersible. Instead of a fluid can with appropriate training of metering pumps and Nozzles are also sprayed powdered, foam or granular media. For metering, other pressure-generating elements may be used instead of the pumps 54.
• the dust binder 52 can also be supplied via controllable valves and dispersed with ultrasound.
• the control of the supply of the liquid s dust binder 52 can also be done here depending on the data of a dust quantity sensor 41, but alternatively also according to one of the other previously enumerated variants.
• the walls of the dust collection chamber 26 may be made of plastic for cost-effective production. It is of course also possible to provide an anti-stick coating to facilitate cleaning.
• FIG. 6 an embodiment of a dust collection chamber 26 is shown, in which the dust 17 is bound by a substance which is first melted and then cooled after receiving the dust 17 and then removed from the dust collection chamber 26.
• Paraffin 60 for example, is used for this purpose, which is added to the container as tablet 61 or granules 84 (see FIG.
• a heat source 62 i 5 is provided, which is supplied via a power supply 63 with electrical energy.
• a receptacle 64 for the paraffin tablet 61 is located at the bottom of the container 26. Furthermore, the dust 17 which lies on the paraffin tablet 61 is shown schematically. At regular intervals, the container 26 can be removed from the vacuum cleaner 1 and cleaned.
• the centrifugal separator 20 When sucking the house dust is first fractionated using the centrifugal separator 20, wherein particles with a diameter ⁇ 30 microns pass through the centrifugal separator 20 and are bound in the fine dust filter 11. All other dust components 17 fall due to gravity on the paraffin 60.
• the heat source is supplied in the form of a heating plate 62 via the power supply 63 with electrical energy, 5 whereby the paraffin 60 is transferred from the solid to the liquid phase. It can also be the waste heat of the fan 12 are used.
• the density of the paraffin 60 is on the order of ⁇ 1 g / cm 3 , for example in the range between 0.5 and 0.7 cm 3 .
• all bodies will sink into the paraffin 60, which has a density> about 0.8 g / cm 3 .
• These conditions meet 0 house dust particles 17 whose density is in the range> 1 g / cm 3 . Due to the size ratios of the density of the individual substances and the relatively easy-to-reach phase change of the paraffin tablet 61, it is possible to easily bind the dust 17 in the container 26 and sink it into the paraffin 60.
• the container 26 is sufficiently filled, the cooled lump of paraffin 60 and bound dust 17 can be disposed of without dusting 5.
• the non-polar, molecular structure of the paraffin 60 and its low surface tension ensure that, in contrast to water, particles are basically can easily sink in the liquid phase of the paraffin 60.
• the melting point of the paraffin 60 can be set in a wide range.
• the paraffin tablet 61 is in the region of the receptacle 64 which is made of a repulsive (anti-sticking) material or material having a repulsive surface, preferably silicone. Due to the better thermal conductivity, the receptacle can also consist of Teflon-coated aluminum.
• the receptacle 64 may be detachably received in the container 26 to be taken out and replaced by a new paraffin tablet 61 possibly with a new receptacle 64.
• substances whose phase is variable by supplying heat energy substances whose viscosity can be changed by kinetic energy - so-called tixotropic substances - can be used as a dust binder.
• tixotropic substances substances whose viscosity can be changed by kinetic energy - so-called tixotropic substances - can be used as a dust binder.
• cellulose suspensions may be mentioned here
• a removable cassette 70 is shown as a dust collecting container, which forms part of the dust collecting space 4 in a vacuum cleaner 1, as shown for example in Figure 1.
• the cassette 70 is formed by a cup-shaped container 75 which is closed by a lid 71.
• a paraffin tablet 61 is again provided as a dust-binding agent.
• the bottom of the cup-shaped container 75 may in turn consist of a repulsive (non-stick) layer, for example Teflon or coated aluminum.
• the bottom may be made of metal, e.g. Made of aluminum.
• the container 75 may be made in the region of the side wall of a flexible material, preferably silicone, to allow a good dissolution of the paraffin tablet 61. Furthermore, the container 75 can be easily cleaned and used several times. At the bottom of the container 75, a receptacle 74 is further provided, into which a drive shaft can engage.
• FIGS. 8 and 9 a separate attachment 80 is shown to bind the dust 17 contained in the cassette 70.
• the attachment 80 consists essentially of an upper part 81 and a lower part 82 which are releasably and / or movably connected to each other. As a result, the cassette 70 can be inserted into the attachment 80 after removal of the top 81.
• the upper part 81 contains, in addition to a hopper 83 for a dust binder such as paraffin 84 or paraffin powder an operating and display unit 85 with a controller 86.
• the controller 86 such as a microcontroller, contains a specially designed for dust retention program with defined steps and parameters . which can be operated via the control and display unit 85. Furthermore, the operating and display unit 85 documents the current status of the dust binding.
• the dust-binding agent 84 can be added automatically or manually via a lock 91.
• the paraffin granules 84 thus serve to seal the mixture of paraffin 60 and dust 17 present in the container 75.
• the lower part 82 serves to receive the cassette 70, which is arranged on a shaft 87 of a drive 88.
• the drive 88 moves the cassette 70 in motion, preferably in a rotary motion in continuous and / or pulsed operation.
• the rotation causes a better mixing of the paraffin 60 with dust 17 in the liquid phase by the action of centrifugal force.
• the cassette 70 is located with its bottom on a heat source 89 for melting a paraffin tablet 61.
• the heat source 89 is also movably arranged and can be moved via drives 90 in the vertical direction. Whenever the dust container 75 rotates, the heat source 89 is lowered. All drives 88 and 90 and the heat source 89 are switched on and off by the control unit 86 depending on the program.
• cooling units (not shown), for example blowers or Peltier elements, can be arranged in the upper part 81 or lower part 82 in order to accelerate the solidification of the paraffin 60.
• the filled dust cassette 70 is first inserted into the accessory 80. Then, the heat source 89 is turned on until the paraffin tablet 61 is melted. Thereafter, the heat source 89 is turned off and the cassette 70 placed on the shaft 87 of the drive 88. The cassette 70 is then rotated, with dust 17 and molten paraffin mixing. Furthermore, paraffin granules 84 may be added via the lock 86. Subsequently, the dust cassette 10 is stopped and the liquid paraffin 60 is cooled. Thereafter, the dust cassette 70 may be removed and the mixture contained in the cassette 70 disposed of.
• FIG. 10 shows a dust collecting container 26 equipped with such a pressing device 100.
• a compression ram 101 is arranged in the removable dust collecting container 26, which is manually or automatically, ie electromotively or aerodynamically driven, and thereby pressed onto the coarse dust 17 and the binder.
• the dust is pressed into the liquid binder - preferably paraffin 60 - and thus a "dust-binder press cake" is produced by compacting every time the vacuum cleaner is switched off or when the collecting container is completely filled.
• an agitator 110 is arranged in the dust collection container 26 shown in Figure 11, which is manually but also automatically driven by a rotatable shaft 11 1.
• the coarse dust 17 partially or completely covers the blades 112 of the agitator 110.
• a metering device 113 within or above the dust collection container is a metering device 113 with the dust binder 14.
• the binder 14 is continuously (eg during operation) or discontinuously (eg B. after each turn on or completely filled dust collector) dosed on the coarse dust 17.
• the binder 114 is homogeneously mixed with the dust 17, whereby the binder use can be minimized.
• FIGs 12a and 12b show the basic schematic structure of another way of dust binding.
• pads 120 are placed in the dust collection container, which completely cover the floor.
• the pads 120 consist of at least two
• the pads 120 are designed as consumables.
• the material of the first storage medium is porous to coarse-pored, sponge-like and liquid-storing, preferably foam is used. It is impregnated with a liquid dust binder 121.
• the dust binder 121 is ideally as a liquid with low vapor pressure - such. B. Glycehn or glycol - before.
• the second storage medium 123 for the dust must be fluid conducting and storing, coarsely porous, fibrous.
• Cellulose fibers are preferably used at this point, the fibers being injected into the foam to ensure good contact with the dust binder 121. Cellulose fibers are characterized by a high
• the pedestal 120 is preferably formed by the
• FIGS. 13 to 15 schematically show another bagless vacuum cleaner 1 or its dust collecting container.
• the main idea of this embodiment includes an apparatus for generating an electromagnetic field, by means of which the "agglomeration tendency" of the coarse dust 17 in the dust collecting container 26 is increased
• Real house dust tends to form agglomerates because of its composition - essentially it contains organic components. Allergens - such as pollen and mite faeces - prefer to combine with larger particles in house dust. responsible for this are electrostatic forces due to polarization as well
• Adhesive forces due to a sticky particle surface are increased and dusting in particular of the fine dust content and the allergens is avoided.
• FIG. 13 shows the basic design of the targeted device in the bagless vacuum cleaner 1.
• the essential components of the device are the two opposing plate-shaped electrodes 131 and 132 and the high voltage generator 133.
• the high voltage generator 133 may be aerodynamically powered by the suction flow of the vacuum cleaner driven band generator or an electronic voltage multiplier circuit, which derives the high voltage from the mains voltage.
• Both devices - high voltage generator 133 and electrodes 131 and 132 are used to generate a preferably electric field, symbolized by the dashed arrow 134.
• the electrodes 131 and 132 represent an active capacitor-shaped system or structure.
• FIG. 14 the dust-collecting system of the bagless vacuum cleaner essentially consists of the cylindrical dust-collecting container 26 and the air supply 22.
• the sucked up coarse dust 17 settles in the bottom region of the dust-collecting container 26 due to the gravitational force.
• Within the dust collector are the two opposite, forming a condenser, contour-oriented
• High voltage electrodes 131 and 132 wherein the upper electrode 131 is made movable (automatically or manually), so that the plate spacing can be reduced by the translation.
• the lower electrode 132 is located in the bottom region of the dust collection container 26.
• the dust 17 thus represents the dielectric of the capacitor.
• Both capacitor electrodes 131 and 132 are connected to the high voltage generator 133 via a switch 136 controlled by the microcontroller 135.
• the electric field 134 is formed between the two electrodes 131 and 132.
• the movable electrode system 131 and 132 thus forms a condenser formed dust press, the pressing action is enhanced by switching on the electric field 134.
• Figure 15 shows the device already described again in section.
• the lower electrode 131 is made tiltable to remove the pressed dust.
• the high voltage generated by the high voltage generator 133 is preferably a stationary one
• the use of a device for pressing dust 17 with the connection of an electrostatic field in a bagless vacuum suction he 1 has the advantages that the dust without using a bag and / or other material binder hygienic, d. H. can be disposed of without dusting and no particulate matter problem arises when emptying.
• the device for generating the electromagnetic field can be arranged within, above or below. It can also be active, d. H. be regenerative, multi-part or condenser-shaped, the field may be constant or variable, namely, or temporally stationary or unsteady.
• the electrode spacing may be variable, for example by motor or manual change.
• the generator for operating the device may operate triboelectrically (example: aerodynamically moving band generator) or electronically (example: voltage multiplier circuit), the high-voltage signal 0 being of the same or alternating high frequency.
• Activation of the generator and pressing can be carried out once (with a filled container), several times (after each switch-on), continuously, discontinuously or controlled by amount of dust.
• An electrode can be swiveled out for removal.
• FIG. 16 shows schematically a three-fraction dust separator 160 with a coarse dust container 161 with coarse dust (first fraction 162), a container 163 for the second, middle dust fraction 164, and a particulate matter filter 165 with particulate matter (third fraction 166).
• the structural design of the entire separator is explained elsewhere.
• the dust entering the dust collector 160 is separated as follows:
• the grit 162 mainly comprises particles in the particle size range of more than about 200
• the second fraction 164 also includes particulate matter 166, which is known to be emptying at the time of emptying
• a dust collecting container 163 is used, with the aid of which and the application of water 170, a hygienic dust removal is possible.
• Figure 17 shows the construction of a suitable dust collection container 163 with the dust 164, a dust supply 171 with a valve flap 172, a Wassereinphilllventil 173, a vent valve 174 i 5, a chute 175, an orifice 176 and a
• Water 170 is ideal for binding dust.
• the dust 164 in the dust collecting container 163 may be mixed with the dust 164 by shaking the container 163.
• the chute 175 with the outflow opening 176 is in the position shown in FIG.
• FIG. 18 shows the accumulation bin 163 during the evacuation process.
• a water-dust mixture is formed, which can be emptied by pivoting the chute 175 via the outflow opening 176 and the funnel-shaped chute feed 177.
• the added amount of water is so sized to 5 that a good flowable mixture is formed.
• the vent valve 174 must be opened.
• the inner walls of the dust collector 163 and all other items are treated or coated with a non-stick layer (lotus flower effect). To be able to empty the containers 161 and 163 separately, they are formed separable. To avoid confusion optical 0 differences, especially versions in different colors are advisable.
• water 170 as a dust binder has the advantage that the dust 164 can be hygienically, i.e., without the use of a special material binder. H. can be disposed of without dusting, so no costly consumable material is necessary.
• Figures 19 to 24 show Staubabscheide container in which the dust separation takes place due to 5 of the inertia principle.
• Staubabscheide container has essentially a three-part construction. It consists of a collecting container 202, a lid 203 and a partition wall 204 arranged therebetween. All three parts are connected together as a plug-in system and can be separated for cleaning.
• the collecting container 202 consists of a solid, air-impermeable plastic part and is adapted in terms of its contours the dust collection chamber of a vacuum cleaner not shown in the drawing. It can have a square or round cross-section.
• the collecting container 202 is closed by the dividing wall 204.
• the partition wall 204 is provided with a first opening 205 which is surrounded by a collar 206 which extends around the opening 205 on the side opposite the collecting container 202.
• a second opening 207 is provided, into which a
• Coarse dust filter 208 is used. On the partition wall 204 of the lid 203 is placed, the upper cover surface 209 is aligned at least approximately parallel to the partition wall 204.
• the lid 203 is provided with an opening 210 which forms the air inlet and is surrounded for this purpose with an air intake 21 1.
• the air outlet is formed by the largest possible outlet openings 212 (see FIG. 20) in the lid 203, which are around the
• Air inlet opening 210 are arranged around and are covered by an internal fine dust filter 213.
• the cover 203 is provided with a suitable lattice structure 214 shown in FIG.
• both the outlet openings 212 and the fine dust filter 213 extend in the upper cover surface 209 and in the adjoining side walls 215 of the cover 203.
• the air inlet opening 210 and the first opening 205 in the partition wall 204 are arranged coaxially one behind the other, thereby forming by means of the collar 206, a circumferential, frusto-conical gap 216, whose surface corresponds approximately to the cross-sectional area of the air inlet opening 210.
• a circumferential, frusto-conical gap 216 whose surface corresponds approximately to the cross-sectional area of the air inlet opening 210.
• the area of the annular gap 216 is approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of the air inlet opening 210. A change in the cross-sectional area would lead to an acceleration or reduction of the air velocity, which would increase the turbulence in the deflection region.
• the diameter of the opening 205 is 10-20% larger than the diameter of the air inlet opening 210. This ensures that all the coarse dust particles 218 are safely collected from the sump 202.
• the height of the collar 206 is advantageously between 10 and 30 mm. If the distance is too short, disturbances propagate from the deflection area to the
• Sump 202 continued and lead there to increased air speeds. If the distance is too large, the coarser dust particles 218 no longer reliably reach the collecting container 202.
• the filter 213 may be formed as a depth or volume filter or as a surface filter, as a regenerable permanent filter or as an exchangeable disposable filter.
• FIGs 21 and 22 show two further advantageous embodiments of the invention, wherein functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals as in Figure 19.
• the dust collection container 201 shown in Figure 21 has a compact design compared to the first embodiment considerably enlarged particulate filter 213, since in addition to the upper deck surface 209 and the side surfaces 221 are designed as a filter. As a result, the absorption capacity and consequently the service life of the fine dust filter 213 is significantly increased, so that an exchange or a return cleaning only very rarely (once a year) is necessary.
• the solid-walled collecting container 202 can be easily emptied if its bottom 222 is made removable.
• FIGS. 23 and 24 therefore disclose a dust collecting container 300 with which the dust can be divided into three fractions as a whole, i. that is, the coarse dust is divided into a coarse fraction and a middle fraction (see also Figure 16).
• the laden with dirt 306, 307 air passes via a port 301 into a first reservoir 302, in which due to the reduced flow velocity by gravity, the coarsest dirt fraction 306 is deposited.
• the first fraction containing only coarse particles, can be emptied without any dusting even without binder. Therefore, a dust binder is needed only for the middle fraction.
• the amount required for binding can be significantly reduced compared to methods that collect the first two fractions in a container.
• Another advantage is the greater freedom in the choice and the structural design of the method for fine dust separation. If only two fractions are formed, namely all flow paths must be designed for the largest occurring parts. These are limited by the inner diameter of the accessories to about 30 mm. Since the proposed method, these large parts already remain in the first header 302, there are a number of new possibilities for the separation of fine dust:
• annular gap separator 303 instead of an annular gap separator 303 with at least 30 mm inlet diameter, as shown in FIG. 24, two or more smaller annular gap separators 303a and 303b arranged in parallel can be used. Several smaller separators have less flow resistance than a larger one with the same performance and can be structurally better integrated into an existing installation space.
• the fine dust filter 400 shown in various embodiments in FIGS. 25 to 29 is connected downstream of the dust separation systems described above. Independently of the embodiment as centrifugal separator / cyclone separator (FIGS. 1 to 15) or separator according to the mass inertial principle / annular gap separator (FIGS. 19 to 24), the fine dust filter 400 has the task of binding the particles passing the preseparator so that they do not re-enter the ambient air , According to the Staubabscheide- system is constructed such that it has a greater separation limit over conventional systems and thus collects only dust to about 30 microns. The dust, which is smaller than 30 microns, hereinafter referred to as fine dust, passes in majority in the fine dust filter 400.
• Figures 25 and 26 illustrate the basic structure of the proposed filter system, which preferably has the shape of a cuboid cassette.
• a frame-shaped or rectangular wide-open and two-sided open holder 401 contains the front and rear side filter media 402 and 403. Further, the air supply 404 is arranged for the exhaust air from the Staubabscheide system in the top of the holder 401.
• the holder 401 is preferably designed as a rectangular folding frame.
• As a further alternative solution is proposed to perform the holder 401 as circumferentially closed, air-permeable, porous or also filtering hollow body, in which the filter medium 402 and 403 is used, wherein the filter properties of filtering holder 401 and inside filter medium 402 and 403 can distinguish.
• the holder 401 may preferably consist of sintered plastic or a comparable material.
• the cartridge-shaped filter geometry are adapted to the given space requirements of a commercially available vacuum cleaner and should be in the range of a standard packaging for vacuum cleaner filter bags, about 170 mm x 230 mm x 85 mm H x W x D.
• Figure 27 and Figure 28 show in detail an embodiment of the first alternative solution
• Figure 29 shows a further embodiment of this alternative.
• FIG. 27 shows the fine dust filter 400 in plan view with the filter medium 402 and 403 and the air feed 404.
• the filter medium 402, 403 consists of a highly storable mat-shaped, preferably an electrostatically charged, synthetically produced or natural filter fleece, the mat thickness being approximately 10 up to 20 mm. The electrostatic charge takes place during the production process of the filter fleece.
• the air feed 404 is preferably designed as a slot in order to ensure optimum flow of the filter medium 402, 403.
• FIG. 27 shows the filter material-free cavity 405 arranged between the filter medium 402, 403 and the air feed 404, which likewise supports an optimum flow of the filter medium 402, 403.
• FIG. 28 again shows the filter material-free cavity 405 located between the filter medium 402, 403 and the air feed 404. Furthermore, the exhaust air flow from the dust separation system is symbolized by the arrows 406.
• the filter arrangement can be further improved if there is cotton wool or a cotton-like material in the cavity 405 between the two filter media 402, 403. Experiments have shown that especially smaller particles ⁇ 15 microns can be well bound or stored in cotton wool.
• FIG. 29 describes a further variant in plan view.
• the filter medium 402, 403 here consists of a highly storable thin, preferably electrostatically charged, synthetically produced or natural filter fleece, wherein the thickness of the nonwoven layer is now about 4 to 7 mm.
• the filter fleece 402, 403 In order to achieve a comparable dust absorption capacity with low flow losses, the filter fleece 402, 403 must be folded or pleated in this embodiment.
• the "pleating angle" ⁇ is about 30 ° Pleating creates a large filter surface When using the filter mat described above, the capacity is essentially achieved by a high depth storage.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Filters For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Prevention Of Fouling (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-08-23 WO PCT/EP2006/008252 patent/WO2007022959A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2006-08-23 US US12/064,907 patent/US20080230446A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-08-23 DK DK06777015.6T patent/DK1921968T3/da active
  • 2006-08-23 EP EP06777015A patent/EP1921968B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2006-08-23 AT AT06777015T patent/ATE517571T1/de active
  • 2006-08-23 PL PL06777015T patent/PL1921968T3/pl unknown

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