EP1920091B1 - Drafting system for fabricating fibrous material - Google Patents

Drafting system for fabricating fibrous material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1920091B1
EP1920091B1 EP06791341.8A EP06791341A EP1920091B1 EP 1920091 B1 EP1920091 B1 EP 1920091B1 EP 06791341 A EP06791341 A EP 06791341A EP 1920091 B1 EP1920091 B1 EP 1920091B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drafting system
rollers
roller
roller pair
transport
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EP06791341.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1920091A2 (en
EP1920091B8 (en
Inventor
Reinhard KÖNIG
Georg KÖNIG
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to PL06791341T priority Critical patent/PL1920091T3/en
Publication of EP1920091A2 publication Critical patent/EP1920091A2/en
Publication of EP1920091B1 publication Critical patent/EP1920091B1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/70—Constructional features of drafting elements
    • D01H5/72—Fibre-condensing guides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/56—Supports for drafting elements
    • D01H5/565—Top roller arms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/60—Arrangements maintaining drafting elements free of fibre accumulations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drafting system of the preamble of claim 1 specified genus.
  • Draw frames for processing fiber material are generally designed as 3- or 4-roller draw frames, which work with straps in the main draft zones. They can od with various components such as compressors, mechanical twist tubes od in the draft zones. Like. Be provided, the straps can be connected for the purpose of compaction to suction sources.
  • the lower rollers of the drafting systems are usually provided with straight or oblique corrugations, which ensure good clamping of the fiber material in the nips of the pairs of rollers, while the upper rollers usually have rubber pads.
  • each nozzle of a lower or upper roller is associated with a small distance so that it emits an air stream which is perpendicular to the formed by the nips of the pairs of rollers conveyor track for the Fiber material is directed and impinges perpendicular to the peripheral surface of the respective roller.
  • a resulting problem is that uncontrolled air currents arise and these fibers can easily get back into the fiber stream and / or a nip, resulting in fiber clumping and thick areas in the fiber material, an irregular distortion of the fiber material and a stoppage of the drafting system due to blockages.
  • From the EP 0 075 432 A2 is a drafting with a transport channel for the fibers, which protects them from air turbulence known.
  • the transport channel is formed by an intermediate piece arranged between the roller pairs with a central passage. At the entrance of the bushing, fibers can accumulate and clump together.
  • Drawbars of this type are therefore not suitable for high-performance drafting, as z. B. for the processing of short staple fibers at the highest distortion and operating speeds and z. B. for the above-mentioned centrifuge, air, friction and spinning / knitting processes are needed, which work without exception at working speeds far above the ring spinning.
  • the invention has the task of the drafting of the type described initially in such a way that it allows a controlled air flow to the drafting around an accumulation of fibers, fluff, flakes od.
  • Approachers and Batzen largely avoids thereby performing a faulty delay work and can be used not only as a slow-running drafting system on a ring spinning machine, but in particular as a high-performance drafting for the purposes specified above.
  • the drafting system according to the invention is z. B. to a 4-roller drafting system for strip processing without compaction with three delay zones, which - viewed in material direction - as Vorverzugszone, Anspannverzugszone and
  • a protective tube also called a trocar, preferably leads the fiber material to the input rollers.
  • the material flow is sufficiently shielded on the input side of the air currents.
  • Anspannverzugszone is expediently an open compressor, which compresses the material flow to about 10 mm when conventional tapes are presented.
  • the main draft zone there may be another open compressor which slightly further densifies the fiber stream of 10 mm width coming from the tension draft zone.
  • the finished stretched fiber material passes through the output rollers z. B. to an associated spinning system.
  • the output lower roller may be associated with a conventional, technologically induced suction.
  • the three top rollers seen in the material direction, are located on a common pressure arm.
  • the output top roller is preferably mounted separately and axially iridescent.
  • a turbulence brake can be located on each of the upper and / or lower rollers. It is a knife-like. Structure, that at the roller in question or is set to the narrowest gap.
  • the drafting system according to the invention can also be designed as a drafting system for strip processing with compaction.
  • the compaction can be effected by a spinning nozzle with spinning tube.
  • an air vortex is spun, which spins the material into a "temporary yarn".
  • the rotations of the temporary yarn dissolve because of the false-twist effect, and only parallel but perfectly compacted fibers enter the clamping region.
  • the output rollers can now follow a spinning device of known type.
  • the drafting system is modified, regardless of the number of pairs of rollers present, in a particular embodiment, at the input top roller of the main drafting zone.
  • the input upper roller carries for this purpose a Riemchenkafig, which carries a circumferential, air-permeable straps known type.
  • the strap is placed around rotatably mounted pins od.
  • Like. And is covered by an internal suction box.
  • the suction box preferably has an opening which tapers in the material running direction from about 10 mm to about 5 mm.
  • This modification is mainly not for compacting, but for improving the shrinkage of short fibers into the exit rollers by increasing the retention force. If an effective compaction take place, then a z. B. formed by a spin tube compaction zone, as described above, appended.
  • the strap expediently has a gap to a cover located above it, which just touches the flow of material without squeezing it.
  • Fig. 1 shows first a conventional 4-roller drafting system through which a band-shaped fiber material 2 is passed in a direction indicated by arrows 1 conveying direction.
  • the drafting system has four in the conveying direction 1 one behind the other, usually driven at different peripheral speeds pairs of rollers, each having a lower roller 3a, 4a, 5a and 6a and a top roller 3b, 4b, 5b and 6b.
  • the rollers 3a, 3b form a first or pair of input rollers and the rollers 6a, 6b form a fourth or output roller pair, while the rollers 4a, 4b and 5a, 5b form middle roller pairs or a second and third roller pair.
  • roller pairs 3a, 3b and 4a, 4b form a preliminary draft zone VV, wherein the circumferential speeds of the rollers are selected such that a comparatively small distortion of the fiber material 2 is obtained.
  • the pairs of rollers 4a, 4b and 5a, 5b operated at such peripheral speeds that between them a Anspannverzugszone AV arises, in which the delay is just sufficient to keep the fiber material 2 stretched.
  • a main draft zone HV is provided, which is why the peripheral speeds of these rollers are chosen so that an extension of the fiber material 2 z. B. is obtained 50 times or more.
  • the top rollers 3b, 4b and 5b are according to Fig. 1 rotatably mounted on a schematically indicated pressure arm 7, the od with a bearing axis 8 to a stationary frame.
  • the like. Is pivotally mounted and in the direction of a double arrow v by means of a force, eg. As a spring force, can be biased to press the upper rollers 3b, 4b and 5b against the associated lower rollers 3a, 4a and 5a.
  • rollers 3a, 3b to 5a, 5b can be carried out in the usual way.
  • the top roller 6b of the pair of output rollers is separate and pivotable and oscillating in the axial direction, as in FIG Fig. 1 schematically indicated by a bearing 9 and arrows w and x. Due to the iridescent storage a conservation of the rubber pad and extension of the life of this particularly heavy-wear roller 6b can be achieved. To further extend the service life of the output top roller 6b may be given a much larger diameter than the other rollers.
  • the drafting system nach ⁇ Fig. 1 a device which serves to keep clean and to avoid unwanted fiber fly in the range of at least one selected pair of rollers.
  • the selected pair of rollers is preferably that pair of rollers whose rollers are driven at the greatest peripheral speed and therefore contribute particularly strongly to the formation of fiber fly and the like, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 applies to the pair of output rollers with the rollers 6a and 6b.
  • this device is designed as follows.
  • At least one respective flow channel 10 and 11 is provided which is parallel to the conveyor track or to the conveying direction 1 and which is on the side facing away from the conveyor track, ie outwardly, by covers 12 and 14 is limited.
  • the covers 12 on the side of the lower rollers 3a to 6a are suitably fixed to a stationary part of the drafting system, while the covers 14 on the side of the upper rollers 3b to 6b are preferably connected to the pressure arm 7 so as to be pivoted outwardly therewith can.
  • the flow channels 10, 11 extend to the lower and upper rollers 3a to 6a and 3b to 6b, respectively.
  • Each flow channel 10, 11 is associated with at least one, only schematically indicated blowing nozzle 15, 16, the so is arranged to generate an air flow which flows through the flow channels 10, 11 substantially parallel to the conveyor track and tangential to the rollers 6a, 6b at least of the selected pair of rollers.
  • the flow channels 10, 11 with particular advantage of the output rollers 6a, 6b extends to the input rollers 3a, 3b, so that all existing rollers 3a to 6b are detected by the air streams.
  • the blowing nozzles 14, 15 are arranged in each case on a downstream in the conveying direction behind the Ninwaizencru 6a, 6b in the range of inlet sections to the flow channels 10, 11, while in the conveying direction 1 in front of the inlet rollers 3a, 3b outlet sections of the flow channels 10, 11 at an indicated by an arrow y suction or vacuum source are connected.
  • the flow channels 10, 11 in the previously held for best embodiment on its inner, the conveyor track facing sides through limited to the lower and upper rollers 3a to 6b patches or covers 17 and 18.
  • the filling pieces 17; 18 have an arbitrary shape per se, but are provided in the embodiment on their rollers 3a to 6b facing sides with adapted to their peripheral surfaces, concave curved sections. This results between the rollers 3a to 6b and the filler pieces 17, 18 narrow column 19, which carried a reentry of in the air streams Make fibers in the fiber material 2 virtually impossible.
  • the patches 17, 18 extend perpendicular to the conveyor track to a height such that they Fig. 1 shows, together with the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 3a to 6b form almost a plane and therefore do not give rise to turbulence or other disturbances in the air streams.
  • the air currents therefore pass practically only tangentially the circumferential surfaces of the various rollers that project only slightly into the flow channels 10, 11.
  • the air streams are preferably at an overpressure of z. B. generates about 150 mm of water to the environment, while at the same time the suction source (arrow y) ensures that in the flow channels 10, 11 creates a slight negative pressure to the environment.
  • the air flows and the negative pressure are preferably chosen so that flows out of the nozzles 15, 16 air at high speed and low air flow to the resulting fiber / air mixture quickly and effectively from the rollers 3a to 6b, in particular the fast-running output rollers 6a, 6b lead away.
  • An overpressure of about 150 mm of WS has proven to be sufficient for this purpose.
  • Fig. 1 further shows, crosses the one of the two flow channels, here the flow channel 11, at a lying in the conveying direction 1 in front of the pair of input roller conveyor path.
  • a respective flow channel 11 projecting through also referred to as a trocar protective tube 20, which can extend into the gusset between the input rollers 3a, 3b .
  • the protective tube 20 should also have a streamlined shape, eg. B. have a smooth, streamlined cross-section.
  • the fibrous material 2 is protected in this case by lateral covers of the flow channels 10, 11 from the air streams and the fibers entrained therein.
  • Fig. 2 shows drafting systems are often designed in tandem construction and provided with at least two adjacent drafting sections and conveyor tracks for conveying two adjacent fiber streams.
  • two of the conveyor paths are formed inter alia by two laterally adjacent, provided with corrugated peripheral surfaces lower rollers 4a1, 4a2 and upper rollers 4b1, 4b2, wherein the two lower rollers 4a1, 4a2 mostly on a single, continuous wave (z 4) are formed while the upper rollers 4b1, 4b2 are arranged individually and axially spaced from each other, but are interconnected by an axle 21 to which the pressure arm 7 is attached.
  • a corresponding arrangement is provided for the rest, in Fig. 2 invisible bottom and top rollers a corresponding arrangement is provided.
  • the one drafting section has z. B. flow channels 10a and 11a, the other drafting section, however, flow channels 10b and 11b.
  • These flow channels 10a, 10b and 11a, 11b are preferably produced by attaching or being attached to the continuously formed outer covers 12 and 14, in each case extending transversely to the conveyor tracks and arranged on the two end faces of the respective rollers partitions 22 and 23, which come close to the respective conveyor tracks.
  • the partitions 22 are useful stationary, the partitions 23, however, attached to the covers 14 and together with these or separately therefrom on the pressure arm 7 and pivotally mounted with this.
  • Fig. 2 facilitates the attachment of the pressure arm 7 and are not traversed by compressed air.
  • the covers 12, 14 and the partitions 22, 23 as in the case of Fig. 1 preferably streamlined and designed so that they have no corners and projections on which fibers, flakes od. Like. Adhere and can accumulate.
  • pairs of rollers 4a1, 4b1 and 4a2, 4b2. may be provided in tandem design other pairs of drafting rollers. This is in Fig. 2 indicated by pairs of rollers 4c1, 4d1 and 4c2, 4d2, which are associated with corresponding flow channels. The different pairs of rollers follow each other at pitches T, whereby od between the various tandem arrangements sufficiently large spaces for required yarn packages. The like. Arise.
  • Fig. 3 shows the drafting system Fig. 1 and 2 in a laid by the patches 17 and 18 section (Schnittlmatie III-III of Fig. 1 ). It can be seen that both the filling pieces 17 belonging to the lower rolls and the filler pieces 18 belonging to the upper rolls are brought close to the conveying path for the fiber material 2 to be processed. As a result, the filling pieces 17, 18 optimally cover the fiber material in areas located between the roller pairs against the flow channels 10a, 10b or 11a, 11b. Particularly advantageous is the filler 17, 18 according to Fig. 3 at their mutually facing sides with continuous in the conveying direction recesses, grooves od. Like. To provide, thereby creating an even better against the flow channels 10a-11b shielded transport channel 17a, 18a for the fiber material 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows a drafting system, which also has more than two adjacent conveyor tracks and, for example, preferably in spinning / knitting machines (eg. PCT WO 2004/079068 ) is applied.
  • a continuous lower roller shaft (eg 4) common to all drafting sections along which as in Fig. 2 a plurality of lower rollers 4c1, 4a1, 4a2, 4c2, etc. is arranged, is associated with a plurality of tandem-connected top rollers 4d1, 4b1, 4b2 and 4d2, so that together with the other, in Fig. 4 invisible and appropriately trained lower and upper rollers a plurality of conveyor tracks is formed.
  • Two top rollers each eg 4b1 and 4b2) form analogously to Fig.
  • each flow channels 11 c, 11 d, etc. may be provided, which, as in Fig. 2
  • two covers for example, 14a and 14b
  • adjacent pressure arms eg, 7a, 7b
  • narrow gaps eg, 14a and 14b
  • the flow channels 10a, 11a, etc. from the output rollers to the input rollers continuously form, to od lateral connection piece for the suction sources.
  • the flow channels 10a, 11a, etc. from the output rollers to the input rollers continuously form, to od lateral connection piece for the suction sources.
  • Fig. 5 shows an open compressor 26, which in a delay zone formed between two pairs of rollers, in particular z. B. in the Anspannverzugszone AV ( Fig. 1 ) can be arranged.
  • the compressor 26 is of the in Fig. 5 traversed by an arrow indicated fiber material 2 and has at its output the narrowest point with a jaw width of z. B. about 10 mm.
  • a corresponding compressor 26 can be installed in the main draft zone HV (FIG. Fig. 1 ) may be arranged to further densify the fiber material 2, and at its narrowest point, for example, have a jaw width between 5 mm and 10 mm.
  • Fig. 6 shows a turbulence brake 27, the z. B. in the immediate vicinity of the output rollers 6a, 6b at the end of the main drafting zone HV is arranged.
  • the task of the turbulence brake 27 is to protect the nip gaps formed between the roller pairs before the entry of circulating air flows and in these entrained fibers.
  • the turbulence brake 27 has z. B. the rollers 6a, 6b associated, arranged on the sides of the associated filler pieces 17, 18 cover elements 28a and 28b with ends 29a and 29b, the peripheral surfaces of these rollers 6a, 6b abut on the inlet side to the nip (roller 6b) or this with a small distance (roller 6a) opposite.
  • the rollers 6a, 6b provided with the cover elements 28a, 28b preferably have smooth surfaces. This avoids sparking and noise that would be unavoidable in combination with corrugated rolls.
  • Other rollers of the drafting system can be provided with such turbulence brakes 27.
  • Fig. 1 are the turbulence brakes 27, which are indicated by thick black lines in the Arranged portion of the output roller pair, because the output rollers 6a, 6b z. B. can rotate at speeds up to 7000 rpm.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 Another preferred feature of the drafting systems according to the invention consists of a in FIGS. 7 and 8 shown Riemchen tanninfig 30, the z. B. the top roller 5b is assigned, which is located at the entrance to the main drafting zone HV.
  • the Riemchen tanninfig 30 includes a strap 31, on the one hand on the upper roller 5b, on the other hand to reduce the friction on a rotatably mounted, a comparatively small diameter shaft 32 runs, which is close to the etc.zwickel the output roller pair 6a, 6b.
  • the apron 31 is permeable to air and guided between the rollers 5b, 6b via a suction box 33, which is close to the fiber material 2 and lies at a suction source.
  • the suction box 33 has, as Fig.
  • FIG. 7 shows an overflowed from the fiber stream 2 opening 34, which has a decreasing in the conveying direction width b (Fig. Fig. 8 ) has, at the output of the opening 34 z. B. 5 mm.
  • a certain compaction of the fiber material 2 is achieved.
  • the opening 34 could also be a round, square or otherwise shaped peripheral contour. If a correct compaction is to be achieved, a compacting device described below is preferably provided.
  • the Riemchenkafig 30 preferably has a plate 35 which at the same time one of the filling pieces 17 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) can form and the fiber material 2 is tightly facing or rests on this or touches it, without squeezing it. As a result, the efficiency of the suction box 33 operated with a suitable negative pressure is increased.
  • the suction box 33 and the plate 35 can analogously to Fig. 6 continue to be formed simultaneously as turbulence brakes, which in Fig. 7 is indicated by the ends 33a, 35a, the ends 29a, 29b of the cover 28a, 28b in Fig. 6 correspond.
  • Fig. 9 to 12 show details of a compacting device, which based on the Fig. 1 described drafting system extended by one in the conveying direction 1 behind the pair of output rollers 6a, 6b arranged compaction zone K.
  • Fig. 9 like parts with the same reference numerals as in FIG Fig. 1 Mistake. While the delays in the zones VV, AV and HV are in the usual order of magnitude, the delay within the compaction zone K is set to zero or virtually zero.
  • Fig. 9 is located in the compaction zone K, a spinning device 36 with a spinneret 36a and a subsequent thereto spinning tube 36b.
  • the spinneret 36a sucks the fiber material 2 exiting from the exit rollers 6a, 6b and forms from it a temporary ring yarn which extends to the end of the spinning tube 36b.
  • the entire system is a false twist device, which is why in a following on the spinning tube 36b, consist of rollers 37a, 37b pair of rollers only parallel fibers and the rotations between the end of the spinning tube 36b and the rollers 37a, 37b are completely degraded.
  • the from the However, fiber material 2 formed material flow is perfectly compacted.
  • the rollers 37a, 37b may be followed by a spinning system of known type.
  • FIG 10 to 12 A preferred embodiment for the spinneret 36a is shown in FIG 10 to 12 shown. Thereafter, the spinneret 36a is formed on its input side as a funnel having a substantially oval or flat oval inlet opening 38a and a z. B. circular outlet opening 38b has.
  • the inlet opening 38a is preferably arranged in the output gusset of the output roller pair 6a, 6b and has a width B (FIG. Fig. 11 ), which preferably corresponds at least to the width of the fiber material 2 exiting from this pair of output rollers 6a, 6b, so that no fibers can escape laterally, ie no fiber loss occurs and all occurring fibers are incorporated into the temporary yarn.
  • the height of the inlet opening 38a measured perpendicular to the width B can be comparatively small in accordance with the usual thickness of a sliver.
  • the outlet opening 38b has a diameter D ( Fig. 11 ) that the ratio B: D z. B. 5: 1 and the fiber material 2 is already compacted through the hopper.
  • the dimension D z. B. about 2 mm and the dimension B z. B. be about 5 mm to 10 mm.
  • the spinneret 36a z. B. provided with at least one nozzle 36 c, which at an angle of z. B. is arranged at 90 ° to the conveying direction and Spinnrohrachse, serves in a known manner to produce air vortices and are connected to a compressed air source, not shown, the compressed air with an overpressure of z. B. 0.2 bar to 0.4 bar supplies.
  • the compressed air pulls the fiber material 2 emerging from the pair of output rollers 6a, 6b into the spinneret 36a and simultaneously conveys it through the subsequent spinning tube 36b in the direction of the pair of rollers 37a and 37b (FIG. Fig. 9 ).
  • the fiber material in the spinning tube 36a is given a large number of revolutions, as shown schematically in FIG Fig. 12 is indicated by a wavy line 40.
  • a high compaction is achieved, which also in the area between the spinning tube 36b and the subsequent pair of rollers 37a and 37b, in which the rotations completely dissolve again (False-twist effect), essentially preserved.
  • the thus-compressed fiber material 2 can then be fed to a spinning machine, a spinning / knitting machine or the like.
  • the rollers 37a, 37b with particular advantage analogous to Fig. 1 and 5 provided with turbulence brakes 27.
  • the top roller 37b is attached as usual to a pressure arm 41 and preferably mounted axially iridescent. It is also particularly advantageous if the basis of the Fig. 1 described flow channels 10 and 11 according to Fig. 9 be extended to the rollers 37a, 37b of the further pair of rollers.
  • the fast-rotating pair of rollers 37a, 37b is preferably also a selected pair of rollers, to which are associated with the blowing nozzles 15, 16 analogue nozzles 42a, 42b.
  • the drafting system is as in Fig. 1 formed, which is why the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the loads of the upper rollers 3b to 6b and 37b move in the usual orders of magnitude.
  • the top rollers 5b and 6b can also be loaded much less than is usual in ring spinning, which extends the service life. This is especially true when the spinning tension of the subsequent spinning system caused by true rotations does not exceed 0.2 N (eg in air spinning or spinning / knitting).
  • a particularly significant advantage of the described drafting systems according to the invention is that the material streams formed from the fiber material 2 are largely separated from the deceleration serving flow channels 10, 11, in particular if additionally used the patches 17, 18 and the walls of the flow channels consistently smooth and be formed so that no dead zones od. Like. arise.
  • a preferred streamlined, ie streamlined or a small flow resistance formation of the inner walls of the flow channels 10, 11 also ensures that can settle on the fiber material 2 no disturbing Anflieger and batzen. In the knitting process generated, disadvantageous fiber fly can thus not get back into the main material flow and adversely affect the quality and uniformity of the entire process and especially the emerging from the drafting fiber composite.
  • the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, which can be modified in many ways. This applies, inter alia, to the dimensions given by way of example only.
  • the intended in each case form and construction of the flow channels 10, 11 may vary within wide limits.
  • the number of existing pairs of rollers can be different than described depending on the individual desired delay.
  • the term "drafting rollers" as used herein is intended to encompass all conventional types of drafting system members, in particular also the various apron constructions (eg. FIGS. 7 and 8 ). Apart from that, the drafting with other, usually existing facilities, eg. B. a technical suction 43 ( Fig. 1 and 9 ) grazing.
  • more than one tuyere can be assigned to each flow channel and each pair of rolls can be treated as a selected pair of rolls, as explained in detail above with reference to the pair of rolls 6a, 6b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Streckwerk der Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The invention relates to a drafting system of the preamble of claim 1 specified genus.

Streckwerke zur Verarbeitung von Fasermaterial sind in der Regel als 3- oder 4-Walzen-Streckwerke ausgebildet, die mit Riemchen in den Hauptverzugszonen arbeiten. Sie können mit diversen Einbauteilen wie beispielsweise Verdichtern, mechanischen Drehröhrchen in den Verzugszonen od. dgl. versehen sein, wobei die Riemchen zum Zwecke der Kompaktierung auch an Saugquellen angeschlossen sein können. Die Unterwalzen der Streckwerke sind in der Regel mit geraden oder schrägen Riffelungen versehen, die für eine gute Klemmung des Fasermaterials in den Klemmspalten der Walzenpaare sorgen, während die Oberwalzen meistens Gummiauflagen aufweisen.Draw frames for processing fiber material are generally designed as 3- or 4-roller draw frames, which work with straps in the main draft zones. They can od with various components such as compressors, mechanical twist tubes od in the draft zones. Like. Be provided, the straps can be connected for the purpose of compaction to suction sources. The lower rollers of the drafting systems are usually provided with straight or oblique corrugations, which ensure good clamping of the fiber material in the nips of the pairs of rollers, while the upper rollers usually have rubber pads.

Zur Vermeidung der Verflugung, d. h. der Verschmutzung und Verstopfung des Streckwerks durch aus dem Fasermaterial austretende Fasern, und des Wiedereintritts dieser Fasern in das Fasermaterial, sind Vorrichtungen zur Reinigung bzw. Sauberhaltung bekannt, die Blas- und Saugeinrichtungen aufweisen, die beweglich sind und in Intervallen Blas- oder Saugströme an die Walzen der Streckwerke bringen.To avoid the flight, d. H. the pollution and clogging of the drafting system by emerging from the fiber material fibers, and the re-entry of these fibers in the fiber material, cleaning or cleaning devices are known which have blowing and suction devices, which are movable and at intervals blowing or suction currents to the Rolling the drafting systems bring.

An diesem Stand der Streckwerkstechnik ergeben sich verschiedene Kritikpunkte.At this level of the drafting technique, various criticisms arise.

Bei der Entwicklung immer schneller laufender, klassischer und unkonventioneller Spinnverfahren lag der Schwerpunkt zuerst auf der Funktion der Garnbildung. Man glaubte, mit den klassischen Streckwerken auskommen zu können.In the development of faster-moving, classic and unconventional spinning processes, the focus was first on the function of yarn formation. One believed to be able to get along with the classic drafting systems.

Die Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten erfuhren eine enorme Steigerung. Während das klassische Ringspinnverfahren mit Liefergeschwindigkeiten des Ausgangswalzenpaars um 20 m/min läuft, beträgt die Liefergeschwindigkeit beim Zentrifugenspinnen um die 80 m/min, bei Spinn/Strick-Verfahren rund 250 m/min, beim Luftspinnverfahren ca. 500 m/min und beim Friktionsspinnen bis zu 700 m/min.The working speeds experienced a huge increase. While the classic ring spinning process with delivery speeds of the output roller pair runs around 20 m / min, the delivery speed is around 80 m / min for centrifugal spinning, around 250 m / min for spinning / knitting, around 500 m / min for air-spinning and for friction spinning up to 700 m / min.

Diese Steigerung der Liefergeschwindigkeit, die ein Streckwerk zu erbringen hat, kann nicht allein dadurch erreicht werden, dass ohne begleitende Maßnahmen einfach die Drehzahl der verschiedenen Walzenpaare erhöht wird. So genannte "Dreckeffekte" wachsen sich nämlich mit steigender Betriebsgeschwindigkeit zu ernsten Problemen aus, die einen industriellen Einsatz unmöglich machen können. Unter solchen "Dreckeffekten", die auch als Effekte 2ter Ordnung bezeichnet werden können, werden die folgenden Erscheinungen verstanden:

  • Die Verflugung nimmt sehr stark zu, weil sich an den verschiedenen Teilen Fasern ansammeln, die dann unkontrolliert im Streckwerk umherirren, sich mit dem normal fließenden Materialstrom verbinden und so sporadisch zu schweren Verzugsstörungen führen.
  • Die Luftführung innerhalb und um ein Streckwerk herum ist nicht klar definiert, d. h. es gibt tote Winkel, Kanten, Schrauben etc., die zu Wickelbildungen führen.
  • Die Luftbewegung in unmittelbarer Nähe der Streckwerksorgane wie Walzen und Riemchen führen bei hohen Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten zu Abspaltung von Material oder zu unkontrolliert aufgewirbelten Fasern und Flusen od. dgl., die auch als "Zöpfe", "Anflieger" und "Batzen" bezeichnet werden.
This increase in the delivery speed, which has to provide a drafting, can not be achieved solely by the fact that without accompanying measures simply the speed of the various pairs of rollers is increased. So-called "dirt effects" grow with increasing operating speed to serious problems that can make an industrial use impossible. Among such "dirt effects", which may also be referred to as 2nd order effects, the following phenomena are understood:
  • The Verflugung increases very strongly, because accumulate at the different parts of fibers, which then wander uncontrollably in the drafting system, connect with the normal flowing flow of material and thus sporadically lead to severe delays.
  • The air flow inside and around a drafting system is not clearly defined, ie there are dead angles, edges, screws, etc., which lead to winding formations.
  • The air movement in the immediate vicinity of the drafting system elements such as rollers and straps lead at high operating speeds to splitting of material or uncontrollably stirred up fibers and fluff od. Like., Which are also referred to as "braids", "Anflieger" and "Batzen".

Die bekannt gewordenen Reinigungseinrichtungen in Form von Blas- und Saugvorrichtungen stellen nur ein mangelhaft auf einander abgestimmtes System dar, welches zudem nicht ständig wirkt (Wanderbläser) oder zu viel Energie verbraucht und damit den Gesamtprozess verteuert. Das gilt auch für ein bekanntes Streckwerk der eingangs bezeichneten Gattung [ Patent Abstracts of Japan, Bd. 007, Nr. 225 (C-189), 6. Oktober 1983 ], bei dem alle vorhandenen Walzenpaare von einem im wesentlichen geschlossenen Gehäuse umhüllt sind. Das Gehäuse weist je einen Eintrittsspalt und einen Austrittsspalt für das zu verarbeitende Fasermaterial und einen an eine Saugquel• le angeschlossenen Anschlussstutzen auf. Innerhalb des Gehäuses ist eine der Zahl der Walzen entsprechende Anzahl von Blasdüsen angeordnet, wobei jede Blasdüse einer Unter- bzw. Oberwalze mit geringem Abstand so zugeordnet ist, dass sie einen Luftstrom abgibt, der senkrecht zu der von den Klemmspalten der Walzenpaare gebildeten Förderbahn für das Fasermaterial gerichtet ist und senkrecht auf die Umfangsfläche der betreffenden Walze auftrifft. Ein sich dadurch ergebendes Problem besteht darin, dass unkontrollierte Luftströmungen entstehen und von diesen aufgewirbelte Fasern ohne weiteres wieder in den Faserstrom und/oder einen der Klemmspalte gelangen können, was zu Faserverklumpungen und Dickstellen im Fasermaterial, einem unregelmäßigen Verzug des Fasermaterials und einem Stillstand des Streckwerks aufgrund von Verstopfungen führen kann.The become known cleaning devices in the form of blowing and suction devices are only a poorly matched system, which also does not work constantly (Wanderbläser) or consumed too much energy and thus makes the overall process more expensive. This also applies to a known drafting system of the type described at the beginning [ Patent Abstracts of Japan, Vol. 007, No. 225 (C-189), October 6, 1983 ], in which all existing pairs of rollers are enclosed by a substantially closed housing. The housing each has an entrance slit and an exit slit for the fiber material to be processed and one to a suction source. le connected connection piece on. Within the housing a number of nozzles corresponding to the number of nozzles is arranged, wherein each nozzle of a lower or upper roller is associated with a small distance so that it emits an air stream which is perpendicular to the formed by the nips of the pairs of rollers conveyor track for the Fiber material is directed and impinges perpendicular to the peripheral surface of the respective roller. A resulting problem is that uncontrolled air currents arise and these fibers can easily get back into the fiber stream and / or a nip, resulting in fiber clumping and thick areas in the fiber material, an irregular distortion of the fiber material and a stoppage of the drafting system due to blockages.

Aus der EP 0 075 432 A2 ist ein Streckwerk mit einem Transportkanal für die Fasern, der diese vor Luftverwirbelungen schützt, bekannt. Der Transportkanal wird durch ein zwischen den Walzenpaaren angeordnetes Zwischenstück mit einer zentralen Durchführung gebildet. Am Eingang der Durchführung können sich Fasern stauen und verklumpen.From the EP 0 075 432 A2 is a drafting with a transport channel for the fibers, which protects them from air turbulence known. The transport channel is formed by an intermediate piece arranged between the roller pairs with a central passage. At the entrance of the bushing, fibers can accumulate and clump together.

Streckwerke dieser Art sind daher nicht als Hochleistungs-Streckwerke einsetzbar, wie sie z. B. für die Verarbeitung von kurzen Stapelfasern bei höchsten Verzügen und Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten und z. B. für die oben genannten Zentrifugen-, Luft-, Friktions- und Spinn/StrickVerfahren benötigt werden, die ausnahmslos mit Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten weit oberhalb des Ringspinnens arbeiten.Drawbars of this type are therefore not suitable for high-performance drafting, as z. B. for the processing of short staple fibers at the highest distortion and operating speeds and z. B. for the above-mentioned centrifuge, air, friction and spinning / knitting processes are needed, which work without exception at working speeds far above the ring spinning.

Ausgehend davon hat sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe gestellt, das Streckwerk der eingangs bezeichneten Gattung so auszubilden, dass es eine kontrollierte Luftführung ermöglicht, die um das Streckwerk herum eine Anhäufung von Fasern, Flusen, Flocken od. dgl. (= Anflieger und Batzen) weitgehend vermeidet, dadurch eine einwandfreie Verzugsarbeit leistet und nicht nur als langsam laufendes Streckwerk an einer Ringspinnmaschine, sondern insbesondere auch als Hochleistungs-Streckwerk für die oben angegebenen Zwecke verwendet werden kann.Based on this, the invention has the task of the drafting of the type described initially in such a way that it allows a controlled air flow to the drafting around an accumulation of fibers, fluff, flakes od. Like. (= Approachers and Batzen) largely avoids thereby performing a faulty delay work and can be used not only as a slow-running drafting system on a ring spinning machine, but in particular as a high-performance drafting for the purposes specified above.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dienen die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.To solve this problem, the characterizing features of claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Streckwerk handelt es sich z. B. um ein 4-Walzen-Streckwerk für Bandverarbeitung ohne Kompaktierung mit drei Verzugszonen, die - in Material-Laufrichtung betrachtet - als Vorverzugszone, Anspannverzugszone undThe drafting system according to the invention is z. B. to a 4-roller drafting system for strip processing without compaction with three delay zones, which - viewed in material direction - as Vorverzugszone, Anspannverzugszone and

Hauptverzugszone bezeichnet werden.. Die in den Zwischenräumen der Unter- und Oberwalzen zumindest ausgewählter Walzenpaare befindlichen Füllstücke schirmen das Fasermaterial gegen umherfliegende Fasern, Flusen od. dgl. ab. Außerdem sind ober- und unterhalb der entsprechenden Ober- bzw. Unterwalzen Strömungskanäle vorgesehen, welche einen stetigen, zur Förderbahn parallelen und vorzugsweise gegen die Material-Laufrichtung gerichteten Luftstom führen, zweckmäßig bezüglich der Umgebung unter einem schwachen Unterdruck stehen und dem Zweck dienen, umherfliegende Fasern od. dgl. wegzuführen.Hauptverzugszone be designated .. The located in the interstices of the lower and upper rollers of at least selected roller pairs filler shield the fiber material against flying fibers, lint od. Like. From. In addition, above and below the corresponding upper or lower rollers flow channels are provided which lead a continuous, parallel to the conveyor track and preferably directed against the material direction of air flow, are expedient with respect to the environment under a slight negative pressure and serve the purpose of flying fibers od. Like. Lead away.

Eingangsseitig führt vorzugsweise ein Schutzrohr, auch Trokar genannt, das Fasermaterial an die Eingangswalzen heran. Damit ist der Materialstrom auch auf der Eingangsseite hinreichend von den Luftströmen abgeschirmt.On the input side, a protective tube, also called a trocar, preferably leads the fiber material to the input rollers. Thus, the material flow is sufficiently shielded on the input side of the air currents.

In der Anspannverzugszone befindet sich zweckmäßig ein offener Verdichter, welcher den Materialstrom auf rund 10 mm verdichtet, wenn übliche Bänder vorgelegt werden. In der Hauptverzugszone kann sich ein weiterer offener Verdichter befinden, der den aus der Anspannverzugszone kommenden Faserstrom von 10 mm Breite geringfügig weiter verdichtet.In the Anspannverzugszone is expediently an open compressor, which compresses the material flow to about 10 mm when conventional tapes are presented. In the main draft zone, there may be another open compressor which slightly further densifies the fiber stream of 10 mm width coming from the tension draft zone.

Das fertig verstreckte Fasermaterial gelangt durch die Ausgangswalzen z. B. an ein zugeordnetes Spinnsystem.The finished stretched fiber material passes through the output rollers z. B. to an associated spinning system.

Zusätzlich kann der Ausgangsunterwalze eine übliche, technologisch bedingte Absaugung zugeordnet sein.In addition, the output lower roller may be associated with a conventional, technologically induced suction.

Die drei Oberwalzen, in Material-Laufrichtung gesehen, befinden sich auf einem üblichen Druckarm. Die Ausgangsoberwalze ist vorzugsweise separat und axial changierend gelagert.The three top rollers, seen in the material direction, are located on a common pressure arm. The output top roller is preferably mounted separately and axially iridescent.

In der Hauptverzugszone kann sich jeweils an der Ober- und/oder Unterwalze eine Turbulenzbremse befinden. Es handelt sich hierbei um ein messerartiges. Gebilde, das an der betreffenden Walze streift oder auf engsten Spalt eingestellt ist.In the main draft zone, a turbulence brake can be located on each of the upper and / or lower rollers. It is a knife-like. Structure, that at the roller in question or is set to the narrowest gap.

Das erfindungsgemäße Streckwerk kann auch als Streckwerk für Bandverarbeitung mit Kompaktierung ausgebildet sein. In diesem Falle liegt vorzugsweise ein 5-Walzen-Streckwerk mit einer zusätzlichen Kompaktierungszone vor. Dabei kann die Kompaktierung durch eine Spinndüse mit Spinnrohr bewirkt werden. In der Spinndüse bekannter Art läuft ein Luftwirbel um, der das Material zu einem "temporären Garn" verspinnt. Am Ende des Spinnrohres und unmittelbar vor dem nachfolgenden Walzenpaar lösen sich die Drehungen des temporären Garnes wegen des Falschdrahteffektes auf, und es gelangen nur parallele, jedoch perfekt kompaktierte Fasern in den Klemmbereich. Den Ausgangswalzen kann jetzt eine Spinnvorrichtung bekannter Art folgen.The drafting system according to the invention can also be designed as a drafting system for strip processing with compaction. In this case, preferably there is a 5-roller drafting system with an additional compaction zone. In this case, the compaction can be effected by a spinning nozzle with spinning tube. In the spinneret of the known type, an air vortex is spun, which spins the material into a "temporary yarn". At the end of the spinning tube and immediately before the subsequent pair of rolls, the rotations of the temporary yarn dissolve because of the false-twist effect, and only parallel but perfectly compacted fibers enter the clamping region. The output rollers can now follow a spinning device of known type.

Bei der Verarbeitung sehr kurzstapeliger Bänder wird das Streckwerk unabhängig von der vorhandenen Zahl an Walzenpaaren in einer besonderen Ausführungsform an der Eingangsoberwalze der Hauptverzugszone modifiziert. Die Eingangsoberwalze trägt für diesen Zweck einen Riemchenkäfig, welcher ein umlaufendes, luftdurchlässiges Riemchen bekannter Art trägt. Das Riemchen ist um drehbar gelagerte Stifte od. dgl. gelegt und wird von einem innen liegenden Saugkasten besogen. Der Saugkasten weist vorzugsweise eine Öffnung auf, welche sich in Material-Laufrichtung von rund 10 mm auf etwa 5 mm hin verjüngt. Diese Modifikation dient überwiegend nicht der Kompaktierung, sondern der Verbesserung des Einlaufens von kurzen Fasern in die Ausgangswalzen durch Erhöhung der Rückhaltekraft. Soll eine effektive Kompaktierung erfolgen, so wird eine z. B. durch ein Spinnrohr gebildete Kompaktierungszone, wie oben beschrieben, angehängt.When processing very short-staple belts, the drafting system is modified, regardless of the number of pairs of rollers present, in a particular embodiment, at the input top roller of the main drafting zone. The input upper roller carries for this purpose a Riemchenkäfig, which carries a circumferential, air-permeable straps known type. The strap is placed around rotatably mounted pins od. Like. And is covered by an internal suction box. The suction box preferably has an opening which tapers in the material running direction from about 10 mm to about 5 mm. This modification is mainly not for compacting, but for improving the shrinkage of short fibers into the exit rollers by increasing the retention force. If an effective compaction take place, then a z. B. formed by a spin tube compaction zone, as described above, appended.

Das Riemchen weist zu einer darüber befindlichen Abdeckung zweckmäßig einen Spalt auf, der den Materialstrom gerade berührt, ohne diesen zu quetschen.The strap expediently has a gap to a cover located above it, which just touches the flow of material without squeezing it.

Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Verbindung mit den beiliegenden, in unterschiedlichen Maßstäben gehaltenen Zeichnungen an Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläuert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Streckwerk mit vier Walzenpaaren für die Verarbeitung von Bandmaterial;
  • Fig. 2 und 3 Schnitte längs der Linien II-II und III-III der Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 einen der Fig. 2 entsprechenden Schnitt durch ein speziell für Spinn/Strick-Maschinen geeignetes, erfindungsgemäßes Streckwerk;
  • Fig. 5 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines für die Streckwerke nach Fig. 1 bis 4 geeigneten Verdichters;
  • Fig. 6 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine für die Streckwerke nach Fig. 1 bis 4 geeignete Turbulenzbremse;
  • Fig. 7 schematisch ein Querschnitt durch eine zur Verarbeitung von extrem kurzstapeligem Fasermaterial bestimmte Hauptverzugszone für die Streckwerke nach Fig. 1 bis 4;
  • Fig. 8 einen Schnitt durch die Hauptverzugszone längs der Linie VIII-VIII der Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 einen Längsschnitt durch ein Streckwerk mit fünf Walzenpaaren und einer Kompaktierungsvorrichtung, die eine Spinndüse und ein daran anschließendes Spinnrohr aufweist; und
  • Fig. 10 bis 12 Einzelheiten der Spinndüse nach Fig. 9 in je einem Längsschnitt, einer Vorderansicht und einem Längsschnitt entsprechend Fig. 10, jedoch nach Drehung der Spinndüse um 90° um ihre Längsachse.
The invention will be described below in conjunction with the appended claims Scales held drawings of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 a longitudinal section through an inventive drafting system with four pairs of rollers for the processing of strip material;
  • Fig. 2 and 3 Sections along the lines II-II and III-III of Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 4 one of the Fig. 2 corresponding section through a specially designed for spinning / knitting machines, inventive drafting system;
  • Fig. 5 a perspective view of one for the drafting after Fig. 1 to 4 suitable compressor;
  • Fig. 6 a schematic cross section through one for the drafting after Fig. 1 to 4 suitable turbulence brake;
  • Fig. 7 schematically a cross section through a for processing of extremely kurzstapeligem fiber material intended main drafting zone for the drafting after Fig. 1 to 4 ;
  • Fig. 8 a section through the main draft zone along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7 ;
  • Fig. 9 a longitudinal section through a drafting system with five pairs of rollers and a compacting device having a spinneret and an adjoining spinning tube; and
  • 10 to 12 Details of the spinneret after Fig. 9 in each case a longitudinal section, a front view and a longitudinal section accordingly Fig. 10 , but after rotation of the spinneret by 90 ° about its longitudinal axis.

Fig. 1 zeigt zunächst ein übliches 4-Walzen-Streckwerk, durch das in einer mit Pfeilen 1 angedeuteten Förderrichtung ein bandförmiges Fasermaterial 2 geleitet wird. Das Streckwerk weist vier in Förderrichtung 1 hintereinander liegende, in der Regel mit unterschiedlichen Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten angetriebene Walzenpaare auf, die je eine Unterwalze 3a, 4a, 5a und 6a und eine Oberwalze 3b, 4b, 5b und 6b aufweisen. Dabei bilden die Walzen 3a, 3b ein erstes oder Eingangswalzenpaar und die Walzen 6a, 6b ein viertes oder Ausgangswalzenpaar, während die Walzen 4a, 4b und 5a, 5b mittlere Walzenpaare bzw. ein zweites und drittes Walzenpaar bilden. Fig. 1 shows first a conventional 4-roller drafting system through which a band-shaped fiber material 2 is passed in a direction indicated by arrows 1 conveying direction. The drafting system has four in the conveying direction 1 one behind the other, usually driven at different peripheral speeds pairs of rollers, each having a lower roller 3a, 4a, 5a and 6a and a top roller 3b, 4b, 5b and 6b. In this case, the rollers 3a, 3b form a first or pair of input rollers and the rollers 6a, 6b form a fourth or output roller pair, while the rollers 4a, 4b and 5a, 5b form middle roller pairs or a second and third roller pair.

Alle Walzenpaare definieren zwischen sich übliche Klemmlinien.. Außerdem bilden die Walzenpaare 3a, 3b und 4a, 4b eine Vorverzugszone VV, wobei die Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten der Walzen so gewählt sind, dass ein vergleichsweise geringer Verzug des Fasermaterials 2 erhalten wird. Weiter werden die Walzenpaare 4a, 4b und 5a, 5b mit solchen Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten betrieben, dass zwischen ihnen eine Anspannverzugszone AV entsteht, in welcher der Verzug gerade ausreicht, um das Fasermaterial 2 gespannt zu halten. Schließlich ist zwischen den Walzen 5a, 5b und 6a, 6b eine Hauptverzugszone HV vorgesehen, weshalb die Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten dieser Walzen so gewählt sind, dass eine Streckung des Fasermaterials 2 z. B. um das 50-Fache oder mehr erhalten-wird.In addition, the roller pairs 3a, 3b and 4a, 4b form a preliminary draft zone VV, wherein the circumferential speeds of the rollers are selected such that a comparatively small distortion of the fiber material 2 is obtained. Further, the pairs of rollers 4a, 4b and 5a, 5b operated at such peripheral speeds that between them a Anspannverzugszone AV arises, in which the delay is just sufficient to keep the fiber material 2 stretched. Finally, between the rollers 5a, 5b and 6a, 6b, a main draft zone HV is provided, which is why the peripheral speeds of these rollers are chosen so that an extension of the fiber material 2 z. B. is obtained 50 times or more.

Die Oberwalzen 3b, 4b und 5b sind gemäß Fig. 1 an einem schematisch angedeuteten Druckarm 7 drehbar gelagert, der mit einer Lagerachse 8 an einem ortsfesten Gestell od. dgl. schwenkbar gelagert ist und in Richtung eines Doppelpfeils v mit Hilfe einer Kraft, z. B. einer Federkraft, vorgespannt werden kann, um die Oberwalzen 3b, 4b und 5b gegen die zugehörigen Unterwalzen 3a, 4a und 5a zu drücken.The top rollers 3b, 4b and 5b are according to Fig. 1 rotatably mounted on a schematically indicated pressure arm 7, the od with a bearing axis 8 to a stationary frame. The like. Is pivotally mounted and in the direction of a double arrow v by means of a force, eg. As a spring force, can be biased to press the upper rollers 3b, 4b and 5b against the associated lower rollers 3a, 4a and 5a.

Die Lagerung und der Antrieb der Walzen 3a, 3b bis 5a, 5b kann auf übliche Weise erfolgen. Dabei werden z. B. die Unterwalzen 3a, 4a und 5a mit Hilfe von auf ihren Wellen befestigten Antriebszahnrädern angetrieben, während die Oberwalzen 3b, 4b und 5b durch Reibung von den zugehörigen Unterwalzen 3a, 4a und 5a mitgenommen werden.The storage and the drive of the rollers 3a, 3b to 5a, 5b can be carried out in the usual way. This z. B. the lower rollers 3a, 4a and 5a driven by means of mounted on their shafts drive gears, while the upper rollers 3b, 4b and 5b are taken by friction of the associated lower rollers 3a, 4a and 5a.

Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist weiterhin die Oberwalze 6b des Ausgangswalzenpaars separat und schwenkbar und in axialer Richtung changierend gelagert, wie in Fig. 1 schematisch durch eine Lagerstelle 9 und Pfeile w und x angedeutet ist. Durch die changierende Lagerung werden eine Schonung der Gummiauflage und Verlängerung der Standzeit dieser besonders stark verschleißenden Walze 6b erreicht. Zur weiteren Verlängerung der Standzeit kann der Ausgangsoberwalze 6b ein wesentlich größerer Durchmesser als den übrigen Walzen gegeben werden.In a preferred embodiment, furthermore, the top roller 6b of the pair of output rollers is separate and pivotable and oscillating in the axial direction, as in FIG Fig. 1 schematically indicated by a bearing 9 and arrows w and x. Due to the iridescent storage a conservation of the rubber pad and extension of the life of this particularly heavy-wear roller 6b can be achieved. To further extend the service life of the output top roller 6b may be given a much larger diameter than the other rollers.

Streckwerke der beschriebenen Art sind allgemein bekannt und brauchen dem Fachmann daher nicht näher erläutert werden.Draw frames of the type described are well known and therefore need not be explained to the person skilled in the art.

Erfindungsgemäß weist das Streckwerk nach Fig. 1 eine Einrichtung auf, die zur Sauberhaltung und zur Vermeidung von unerwünschtem Faserflug im Bereich von wenigstens einem ausgewählten Walzenpaar dient. Das ausgewählte Walzenpaar ist vorzugsweise dasjenige Walzenpaar, dessen Walzen mit der größten Umfangsgeschwindigkeit angetrieben werden und daher besonders stark zur Bildung von Faserflug und dgl. beitragen, wie es in Fig. 1 für das Ausgangswalzenpaar mit den Walzen 6a und 6b gilt. Nach einem derzeit für am besten gehaltenen Ausführungsbeispiel ist diese Einrichtung wie folgt ausgebildet.According to the invention, the drafting system nach¬ Fig. 1 a device which serves to keep clean and to avoid unwanted fiber fly in the range of at least one selected pair of rollers. The selected pair of rollers is preferably that pair of rollers whose rollers are driven at the greatest peripheral speed and therefore contribute particularly strongly to the formation of fiber fly and the like, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 applies to the pair of output rollers with the rollers 6a and 6b. According to a presently considered best embodiment, this device is designed as follows.

Beidseitig der Förderbahn, auf der das Fasermaterial 2 durch das Streckwerk geführt wird, ist wenigstens je ein parallel zur Förderbahn bzw. zur Förderrichtung 1 erstreckter Strömungskanal 10 und 11 vorgesehen, der auf der von der Förderbahn abgewandten Seite, d. h. nach außen hin, durch Abdeckungen 12 und 14 begrenzt ist. Dabei sind die Abdeckungen 12 auf der Seite der Unterwalzen 3a bis 6a zweckmäßig an einem stationären Teil des Streckwerks befestigt, während die Abdeckungen 14 auf der Seite der Oberwalzen 3b bis 6b bevorzugt mit dem Druckarm 7 verbunden werden, damit sie mit diesem nach außen geschwenkt werden können. Nach innen, d. h. zur Förderbahn hin, reichen die Strömungskanäle 10, 11 bis an die Unter- bzw. Oberwalzen 3a bis 6a bzw. 3b bis 6b heran. Jedem Strömungskanal 10, 11 ist wenigstens je eine, nur schematisch angedeutete Blasdüse 15, 16 zugeordnet, die so angeordnet ist, dass sie einen Luftstrom erzeugt, der im wesentlichen parallel zur Förderbahn und tangential zu den Walzen 6a, 6b zumindest des ausgewählten Walzenpaars durch die Strömungskanäle 10, 11 strömt.On both sides of the conveyor track on which the fiber material 2 is passed through the drafting system, at least one respective flow channel 10 and 11 is provided which is parallel to the conveyor track or to the conveying direction 1 and which is on the side facing away from the conveyor track, ie outwardly, by covers 12 and 14 is limited. In this case, the covers 12 on the side of the lower rollers 3a to 6a are suitably fixed to a stationary part of the drafting system, while the covers 14 on the side of the upper rollers 3b to 6b are preferably connected to the pressure arm 7 so as to be pivoted outwardly therewith can. Inwards, ie towards the conveyor track, the flow channels 10, 11 extend to the lower and upper rollers 3a to 6a and 3b to 6b, respectively. Each flow channel 10, 11 is associated with at least one, only schematically indicated blowing nozzle 15, 16, the so is arranged to generate an air flow which flows through the flow channels 10, 11 substantially parallel to the conveyor track and tangential to the rollers 6a, 6b at least of the selected pair of rollers.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Strömungskanäle 10, 11 mit besonderem Vorteil von den Ausgangswalzen 6a, 6b bis zu den Eingangswalzen 3a, 3b erstreckt, so dass alle vorhandenen Walzen 3a bis 6b von den Luftströmen erfasst werden. Dabei sind die Blasdüsen 14, 15 jeweils an einer in Förderrichtung hinter dem Ausgangswaizenpaar 6a, 6b liegenden Stelle im Bereich von Eintrittsabschnitten zu den Strömungskanälen 10, 11 angeordnet, während in Förderrichtung 1 vor den Eingangswalzen 3a, 3b liegende Austrittsabschnitte der Strömungskanäle 10, 11 an eine durch einen Pfeil y angedeutete Saug- bzw. Unterdruckquelle angeschlossen sind. Das hat sich bisher als beste Lösung erwiesen, da die Luftströme auf diese Weise im wesentlichen parallel und entgegen gesetzt zur Förderrichtung 1 durch die Strömungskanäle 10, 11 strömen, ohne Wirbel zu bilden und dadurch in Richtung der Förderbahn umgelenkt zu werden. Außerdem hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, die Blasdüsen 15, 16 so anzuordnen, dass die Luftströme an Stellen auf äußere Umfangsflächen zumindest der Walzen des ausgewählten Paars, d. h. hier der Walzen 6a, 6b auftreffen, die unterhalb von äußeren Scheitelpunkten 6S1 bzw. 6S2, d. h. zwischen diesen und der Förderbahn liegen, wie Fig. 1 deutlich zeigt.In the exemplary embodiment, the flow channels 10, 11 with particular advantage of the output rollers 6a, 6b extends to the input rollers 3a, 3b, so that all existing rollers 3a to 6b are detected by the air streams. In this case, the blowing nozzles 14, 15 are arranged in each case on a downstream in the conveying direction behind the Ausgangswaizenpaar 6a, 6b in the range of inlet sections to the flow channels 10, 11, while in the conveying direction 1 in front of the inlet rollers 3a, 3b outlet sections of the flow channels 10, 11 at an indicated by an arrow y suction or vacuum source are connected. This has proven to be the best solution, since the air flows in this way substantially parallel and opposite to the conveying direction 1 through the flow channels 10, 11 flow, without vortex and thereby be deflected in the direction of the conveyor track. In addition, it has proved to be particularly advantageous to arrange the blowing nozzles 15, 16 so that the air streams impinge on locations on outer peripheral surfaces of at least the rolls of the selected pair, ie here the rolls 6a, 6b, which are below outer peaks 6S1 and 6S2, respectively , ie lie between them and the conveyor track, such as Fig. 1 clearly shows.

Damit von den Luftströmen mitgenommene Fasern und dgl. praktisch keine Möglichkeit haben, wieder in das in Förderrichtung 1 transportierte Fasermaterial 2 zu gelangen, sind die Strömungskanäle 10, 11 bei dem bisher für am besten gehaltenen Ausführungsbeispiel auf ihren inneren, der Förderbahn zugewandten Seiten durch zwischen den Unter- und Oberwalzen 3a bis 6b angeordnete Füllstücke bzw. Abdeckungen 17 und 18 begrenzt. Die Füllstücke 17; 18 haben eine an sich beliebige Form, sind im Ausführungsbeispiel jedoch auf ihren den Walzen 3a bis 6b zugewandten Seiten mit an deren Umfangsflächen angepassten, konkav gekrümmten Abschnitten versehen. Dadurch entstehen zwischen den Walzen 3a bis 6b und den Füllstücken 17, 18 enge Spalte 19, die einen Wiedereintritt von in den Luftströmen mitgeführten Fasern in das Fasermaterial 2 praktisch unmöglich machen. Außerdem erstrecken sich die Füllstücke 17, 18 senkrecht zur Förderbahn bis zu einer solchen Höhe, das sie, wie Fig. 1 zeigt, zusammen mit den äußeren Umfangsflächen der Walzen 3a bis 6b nahezu eine Ebene bilden und daher keinen Anlass für Turbulenzen oder sonstige Störungen in den Luftströmen bieten. Die Luftströme passieren daher die nur wenig in die Strömungskanäle 10, 11 ragenden Umfangsflächen der verschiedenen Walzen praktisch tangential.In order that the fibers entrained by the air streams and the like. Virtually no way to get back into the transported in the conveying direction 1 fiber material 2, the flow channels 10, 11 in the previously held for best embodiment on its inner, the conveyor track facing sides through limited to the lower and upper rollers 3a to 6b patches or covers 17 and 18. The filling pieces 17; 18 have an arbitrary shape per se, but are provided in the embodiment on their rollers 3a to 6b facing sides with adapted to their peripheral surfaces, concave curved sections. This results between the rollers 3a to 6b and the filler pieces 17, 18 narrow column 19, which carried a reentry of in the air streams Make fibers in the fiber material 2 virtually impossible. In addition, the patches 17, 18 extend perpendicular to the conveyor track to a height such that they Fig. 1 shows, together with the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 3a to 6b form almost a plane and therefore do not give rise to turbulence or other disturbances in the air streams. The air currents therefore pass practically only tangentially the circumferential surfaces of the various rollers that project only slightly into the flow channels 10, 11.

Die Luftströme werden vorzugsweise mit einem Überdruck von z. B. ca. 150 mm Wassersäule zur Umgebung erzeugt, während gleichzeitig die Saugquelle (Pfeil y) dafür sorgt, dass in den Strömungskanälen 10, 11 ein geringer Unterdruck zur Umgebung entsteht. Insgesamt werden die Luftströme und der Unterdruck vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass aus den Blasdüsen 15, 16 Luft mit hoher Geschwindigkeit und geringer Luftmenge ausströmt, um das entstehende Faser/Luft-Gemisch schnell und effektiv von den Walzen 3a bis 6b, insbesondere den schnell laufenden Ausgangswalzen 6a, 6b wegzuführen. Ein Überdruck von ca. 150 mm WS hat sich hierfür als ausreichend erwiesen.The air streams are preferably at an overpressure of z. B. generates about 150 mm of water to the environment, while at the same time the suction source (arrow y) ensures that in the flow channels 10, 11 creates a slight negative pressure to the environment. Overall, the air flows and the negative pressure are preferably chosen so that flows out of the nozzles 15, 16 air at high speed and low air flow to the resulting fiber / air mixture quickly and effectively from the rollers 3a to 6b, in particular the fast-running output rollers 6a, 6b lead away. An overpressure of about 150 mm of WS has proven to be sufficient for this purpose.

Wie Fig. 1 weiter zeigt, kreuzt der eine der beiden Strömungskanäle, hier der Strömungskanal 11, an einer in Förderrichtung 1 vor dem Eingangswalzenpaar liegenden Stelle die Förderbahn. Um das Fasermaterial 2 an dieser Stelle vor dem Luftstrom im Strömungskanal 11 zu schützen, wird es vorzugsweise mit Hilfe eines den betreffenden Strömungskanal 11 durchragenden, auch als Trokar bezeichneten Schutzrohrs 20 zugeführt, das sich bis in den Zwickel zwischen den Eingangswalzen 3a, 3b erstrecken kann. Zur Vermeidung von Störungen im Luftstrom sollte das Schutzrohr 20 außerdem eine windschnittige Form, z. B. einen glatten, stromlinienförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen. Alternativ wäre es natürlich auch möglich, den Strömungskanal 11 an eine separate Saugquelle anzuschließen, so dass er den Faserstrom nicht kreuzen muss. Das Fasermaterial 2 wird in diesem Fall durch seitliche Abdeckungen der Strömungskanäle 10, 11 vor den Luftströmen und den in diesen mitgeführten Fasern geschützt.As Fig. 1 further shows, crosses the one of the two flow channels, here the flow channel 11, at a lying in the conveying direction 1 in front of the pair of input roller conveyor path. In order to protect the fiber material 2 at this point from the air flow in the flow channel 11, it is preferably supplied by means of a respective flow channel 11 projecting through, also referred to as a trocar protective tube 20, which can extend into the gusset between the input rollers 3a, 3b , To avoid disturbances in the air flow, the protective tube 20 should also have a streamlined shape, eg. B. have a smooth, streamlined cross-section. Alternatively, it would of course also be possible to connect the flow channel 11 to a separate suction source, so that he does not have to cross the fiber flow. The fibrous material 2 is protected in this case by lateral covers of the flow channels 10, 11 from the air streams and the fibers entrained therein.

In entsprechender Abwandlung des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Fig. 1 ist es möglich, nur die Walzen eines ausgewählten Walzenpaars den Luftströmen auszusetzen, z. B. das am schnellsten laufende Ausgangswalzenpaar 6a und 6b. In diesem Fall könnten die Strömungskanäle 10, 11 an zwischen den Walzen 5a, 6a bzw. 5b, 6b befindlichen Stellen enden und nach außen geführt werden. Auch andere Luftführungen sind möglich, z. B. solche, die jeweils nur die beiden am schnellsten laufenden Walzenpaare 5a, 5b und 6a, 6b erfassen. Auch dabei werden die zuerst angeströmten Walzen zweckmäßig jeweils unterhalb der Scheitelpunkte angeströmt, wie in Fig. 1 durch die Scheitelpunkte 6S1 und 6S2 angedeutet ist. Die Zahl der im Einzelfall von den Strömungskanälen zu erfassenden Walzenpaare hängt weitgehend von den jeweiligen Verhältnissen ab.In a corresponding modification of the embodiment according to Fig. 1 it is possible to expose only the rollers of a selected pair of rollers the air currents, for. B. the fastest-running pair of output rollers 6a and 6b. In this case, the flow channels 10, 11 could end at points located between the rollers 5a, 6a and 5b, 6b and be led outwards. Other air ducts are possible, for. For example, those that only detect the two fastest-running pairs of rollers 5a, 5b and 6a, 6b. Here, too, the rollers which have been flown first are expediently flown in below the vertexes, as in FIG Fig. 1 is indicated by the vertices 6S1 and 6S2. The number of pairs of rollers to be detected in each case by the flow channels depends largely on the respective conditions.

Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, sind Streckwerke häufig in Tandem-Bauweise ausgeführt und mit wenigstens zwei nebeneinander liegenden Streckwerksabschnitten und Förderbahnen zur Förderung von zwei nebeneinander liegenden Faserströmen versehen. Wie in Fig. 2 im Querschnitt dargestellt ist, werden zwei der Förderbahnen u. a. durch je zwei seitlich nebeneinander liegende, mit geriffelten Umfangsflächen versehene Unterwalzen 4a1, 4a2 und Oberwalzen 4b1, 4b2 gebildet, wobei die beiden Unterwalzen 4a1, 4a2 meistens auf einer einzigen, durchgehenden Welle (z. B. 4) ausgebildet sind, während die Oberwalzen 4b1, 4b2 einzeln und mit axialem Abstand voneinander angeordnet, jedoch durch eine Achse 21 miteinander verbunden sind, an welcher der Druckarm 7 befestigt ist. Für die übrigen, in Fig. 2 nicht sichtbaren Unter- und Oberwalzen ist eine entsprechende Anordnung vorgesehen. In diesem Fall ist es erfindungsgemäß zweckmäßig, jeden der beiden Streckwerksabschnitte mit den oben beschriebenen Strömungskanälen und Blasdüsen versehen. Daher hat der eine Streckwerksabschnitt z. B. Strömungskanäle 10a und 11a, der andere Streckwerksabschnitt dagegen Strömungskanäle 10b und 11b. Diese Strömungskanäle 10a, 10b und 11a, 11b werden vorzugsweise dadurch hergestellt, dass an den durchgehend ausgebildeten, äußeren Abdeckungen 12 und 14 jeweils quer zu den Förderbahnen erstreckte und an den beiden Stirnseiten der jeweiligen Walzen angeordnete Trennwände 22 bzw. 23 befestigt sind oder werden, die bis nahe an die betreffenden Förderbahnen heranreichen. Dabei sind die Trennwände 22zweckmäßig stationär, die Trennwände 23 dagegen an den Abdeckungen 14 und zusammen mit diesen oder auch separat davon am Druckarm 7 befestigt und mit diesem schwenkbar gelagert. Durch die Trennwände 22, 23 entstehen zwischen den benachbarten Walzen 4a1, 4a2 bzw. 4b1, 4b2 Freiräume 24a und 24b, die z. B. entsprechend Fig. 2 das Anbringen des Druckarms 7 erleichtern und nicht von Druckluft durchströmt werden. Dabei sind die Abdeckungen 12, 14 und die Trennwände 22, 23 wie im Fall der Fig. 1 vorzugsweise windschnittig und so ausgebildet, dass sie keine Ecken und Vorsprünge aufweisen, an denen Fasern, Flocken od. dgl. haften bleiben und sich ansammeln können. Außerdem können auf der Seite der Oberwalzen 4b1, 4b2 mehrere Abdeckungen 14 vorhanden sein, zwischen denen der Druckarm 7 angeordnet wird, wie Fig. 2 erkennen lässt.As Fig. 2 shows drafting systems are often designed in tandem construction and provided with at least two adjacent drafting sections and conveyor tracks for conveying two adjacent fiber streams. As in Fig. 2 is shown in cross-section, two of the conveyor paths are formed inter alia by two laterally adjacent, provided with corrugated peripheral surfaces lower rollers 4a1, 4a2 and upper rollers 4b1, 4b2, wherein the two lower rollers 4a1, 4a2 mostly on a single, continuous wave (z 4) are formed while the upper rollers 4b1, 4b2 are arranged individually and axially spaced from each other, but are interconnected by an axle 21 to which the pressure arm 7 is attached. For the rest, in Fig. 2 invisible bottom and top rollers a corresponding arrangement is provided. In this case, it is expedient according to the invention to provide each of the two drafting unit sections with the above-described flow channels and blowing nozzles. Therefore, the one drafting section has z. B. flow channels 10a and 11a, the other drafting section, however, flow channels 10b and 11b. These flow channels 10a, 10b and 11a, 11b are preferably produced by attaching or being attached to the continuously formed outer covers 12 and 14, in each case extending transversely to the conveyor tracks and arranged on the two end faces of the respective rollers partitions 22 and 23, which come close to the respective conveyor tracks. In this case, the partitions 22 are useful stationary, the partitions 23, however, attached to the covers 14 and together with these or separately therefrom on the pressure arm 7 and pivotally mounted with this. Through the partitions 22, 23 arise between the adjacent rollers 4a1, 4a2 and 4b1, 4b2 free spaces 24a and 24b, the z. B. accordingly Fig. 2 facilitate the attachment of the pressure arm 7 and are not traversed by compressed air. In this case, the covers 12, 14 and the partitions 22, 23 as in the case of Fig. 1 preferably streamlined and designed so that they have no corners and projections on which fibers, flakes od. Like. Adhere and can accumulate. In addition, on the side of the upper rollers 4b1, 4b2, there may be a plurality of covers 14 between which the pressure arm 7 is disposed, such as Fig. 2 lets recognize.

Seitlich neben den Walzenpaaren 4a1, 4b1 und 4a2, 4b2 .können, wie dies bei Streckwerken für Spinnmaschinen üblich ist, weitere in Tandem-Bauweise ausgebildete Streckwalzenpaare vorgesehen sein. Dies ist in Fig. 2 durch Walzenpaare 4c1, 4d1 und 4c2, 4d2 angedeutet, denen entsprechende Strömungskanäle zugeordnet sind. Dabei folgen die verschiedenen Walzenpaare in Teilungsabständen T aufeinander, wodurch zwischen den verschiedenen Tandem-Anordnungen ausreichend große Räume für benötigte Garnspulen od. dgl. entstehen.Laterally next to the pairs of rollers 4a1, 4b1 and 4a2, 4b2., As in conventional drafting systems for spinning machines, may be provided in tandem design other pairs of drafting rollers. This is in Fig. 2 indicated by pairs of rollers 4c1, 4d1 and 4c2, 4d2, which are associated with corresponding flow channels. The different pairs of rollers follow each other at pitches T, whereby od between the various tandem arrangements sufficiently large spaces for required yarn packages. The like. Arise.

Fig. 3 zeigt das Streckwerk nach Fig. 1 und 2 in einem durch die Füllstücke 17 und 18 gelegten Schnitt (Schnittliriie III-III der Fig. 1). Daraus ist ersichtlich, dass sowohl die zu den Unterwalzen gehörenden Füllstücke 17 als auch die zu den Oberwalzen gehörenden Füllstücke 18 bis dicht an die Förderbahn für das zu verarbeitende Fasermaterial 2 herangeführt werden. Dadurch decken die Füllstücke 17, 18 das Fasermaterial in zwischen den Walzenpaaren befindlichen Bereichen optimal gegen die Strömungskanäle 10a, 10b bzw. 11a, 11b ab. Besonders-vorteilhaft ist es, die Füllstücke 17, 18 gemäß Fig. 3 an ihren einander zugewandten Seiten mit in Förderrichtung durchgehenden Aussparungen, Nuten od. dgl. zu versehen, um dadurch einen noch besser gegen die Strömungskanäle 10a bis 11b abgeschirmten Transportkanal 17a, 18a für das Fasermaterial 2 zu schaffen. Fig. 3 shows the drafting system Fig. 1 and 2 in a laid by the patches 17 and 18 section (Schnittliriie III-III of Fig. 1 ). It can be seen that both the filling pieces 17 belonging to the lower rolls and the filler pieces 18 belonging to the upper rolls are brought close to the conveying path for the fiber material 2 to be processed. As a result, the filling pieces 17, 18 optimally cover the fiber material in areas located between the roller pairs against the flow channels 10a, 10b or 11a, 11b. Particularly advantageous is the filler 17, 18 according to Fig. 3 at their mutually facing sides with continuous in the conveying direction recesses, grooves od. Like. To provide, thereby creating an even better against the flow channels 10a-11b shielded transport channel 17a, 18a for the fiber material 2.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein Streckwerk, das ebenfalls mehr als zwei nebeneinander liegende Förderbahnen hat und beispielsweise bevorzugt bei Spinn/Strick-Maschinen (z. B. PCT WO 2004/079068 ) angewendet wird. Einer durchgehenden und allen Streckwerksabschnitten gemeinsamen Unterwalzenwelle (z. B. 4) längs derer wie in Fig. 2 eine Mehrzahl von Unterwalzen 4c1, 4a1, 4a2, 4c2 usw. angeordnet ist, ist eine Mehrzahl von in Tandem-Bauweise verbundenen Oberwalzen 4d1, 4b1, 4b2 und 4d2 zugeordnet, so dass zusammen mit den weiteren, in Fig. 4 nicht sichtbaren und entsprechend ausgebildeten Unter- und Oberwalzen eine Mehrzahl von Förderbahnen entsteht. Je zwei Oberwalzen (z. B. 4b1 und 4b2) bilden analog zu Fig. 2 ein Ober-walzenpaar, wobei ein axialer Abstand A zwischen den verschiedenen Oberwalzenpaaren zur Reduzierung des benötigten Bauraums wesentlich kleiner als in Fig. 2 gehalten ist. Wegen des Fehlens von Garnspulen od. dgl. kann dieser Abstand A im Gegensatz zu anderen Zwecken dienenden Streckwerken besonders klein gehalten werden. Dadurch besteht hier die Möglichkeit, auf der Seite der Unterwalzen einzelne Strömungskanäle 10c und 10d usw. vorzusehen, die wie in Fig. 2 durch die Abdeckung 12 und Trennwände 22 gebildet sind, sich axial jedoch über Bereiche erstrecken, die von je zwei einander zugewandten Oberwalzen benachbarter Walzenpaare und den beiden zugehörigen Unterwalzen hingenommen werden. Dadurch ist z. B. der Strömungskanal 10c den Unterwalzen 4c1 und 4a1 zugeordnet. Entsprechend können auf der Seite der zugehörigen Oberwalzen 4d1 und 4b1 bzw. 4b2, 4d2 z. B. jeweils Strömungskanäle 11c, 11d usw. vorgesehen sein, die wie in Fig. 2 einerseits beidseitig von Druckarmen 7a, 7b, 7c usw. durch die quer zu den Förderbahnen erstreckten Trennwände 23, andererseits durch parallel zu den Förderbahnen erstreckte Abdeckungen 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d usw. begrenzt sind. Dabei sind an der Bildung eines solchen Strömungskanals (z. B. 11c) jeweils zwei an benachbarten Druckarmen (z. B. 7a, 7b) befestigte, durch enge Spalte voneinander getrennte Abdeckungen (z. B. 14a und 14b) beteiligt, um dadurch ein voneinander unabhängiges Verschwenken der verschiedenen Druckarme 7a bis 7c zu ermöglichen. Fig. 4 shows a drafting system, which also has more than two adjacent conveyor tracks and, for example, preferably in spinning / knitting machines (eg. PCT WO 2004/079068 ) is applied. A continuous lower roller shaft (eg 4) common to all drafting sections along which as in Fig. 2 a plurality of lower rollers 4c1, 4a1, 4a2, 4c2, etc. is arranged, is associated with a plurality of tandem-connected top rollers 4d1, 4b1, 4b2 and 4d2, so that together with the other, in Fig. 4 invisible and appropriately trained lower and upper rollers a plurality of conveyor tracks is formed. Two top rollers each (eg 4b1 and 4b2) form analogously to Fig. 2 an upper pair of rollers, wherein an axial distance A between the various top roller pairs to reduce the required space significantly smaller than in Fig. 2 is held. Due to the lack of yarn packages od. Like. This distance A can be kept very small, in contrast to other purposes serving drafting. As a result, here it is possible to provide individual flow channels 10c and 10d, etc., on the side of the lower rollers, which, as in FIG Fig. 2 are formed by the cover 12 and partitions 22, but extend axially over areas that are accepted by two facing each upper rollers of adjacent pairs of rollers and the two associated lower rollers. This is z. B. the flow channel 10c associated with the lower rollers 4c1 and 4a1. Accordingly, on the side of the associated top rollers 4d1 and 4b1 or 4b2, 4d2 z. B. each flow channels 11 c, 11 d, etc. may be provided, which, as in Fig. 2 On the one hand on both sides of pressure arms 7a, 7b, 7c, etc. by the transverse to the conveyor tracks extending partitions 23, on the other hand by parallel to the conveyor tracks extending covers 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, etc. are limited. In each case, two covers (for example, 14a and 14b), which are fastened to adjacent pressure arms (eg, 7a, 7b) and are separated by narrow gaps (eg, 14a and 14b), are involved in the formation of such a flow channel (eg 11c) to allow independent pivoting of the various pressure arms 7a to 7c.

Insgesamt wird durch die Bauweise nach Fig. 4 erreicht, dass zwischen den einzelnen Tandem-Anordnungen Teilungsabstände t << T vorgesehen werden können.Overall, by the construction after Fig. 4 achieved that between the individual tandem arrangements pitches t << T can be provided.

Im übrigen ist es bei den Ausführungsbeispielen der Fig. 2 bis 4 zweckmäßig, die Strömungskanäle 10a, 11a usw. von den Ausgangswalzen bis zu den Eingangswalzen durchgehend auszubilden, um seitliche Anschlussstutzen für die Saugquellen od. dgl. aus Platzgründen zu vermeiden.Moreover, it is in the embodiments of Fig. 2 to 4 expedient, the flow channels 10a, 11a, etc. from the output rollers to the input rollers continuously form, to od lateral connection piece for the suction sources. Like. To avoid space reasons.

Weitere bevorzugte Einzelheiten der beschriebenen Streckwerke werden nachfolgend anhand der Fig. 5 bis 12 näher erläuert.Further preferred details of the drafting systems described are described below with reference to the Fig. 5 to 12 explained in more detail.

Fig. 5 zeigt einen offenen Verdichter 26, der in einer zwischen zwei Walzenpaaren gebildeten Verzugszone, insbesondere z. B. in der Anspannverzugszone AV (Fig. 1) angeordnet sei kann. Der Verdichter 26 wird von dem in Fig. 5 durch einen Pfeil angedeuteten Fasermaterial 2 durchlaufen und besitzt an seinem Ausgang die engste Stelle mit einer Maulweite von z. B. ca. 10 mm. Ein entsprechender Verdichter 26 kann in der Hauptverzugszone HV (Fig. 1) angeordnet sein, um das Fasermaterial 2 weiter zu verdichten, und an seiner engsten Stelle beispielsweise eine Maulweite zwischen 5 mm und 10 mm besitzen. Fig. 5 shows an open compressor 26, which in a delay zone formed between two pairs of rollers, in particular z. B. in the Anspannverzugszone AV ( Fig. 1 ) can be arranged. The compressor 26 is of the in Fig. 5 traversed by an arrow indicated fiber material 2 and has at its output the narrowest point with a jaw width of z. B. about 10 mm. A corresponding compressor 26 can be installed in the main draft zone HV (FIG. Fig. 1 ) may be arranged to further densify the fiber material 2, and at its narrowest point, for example, have a jaw width between 5 mm and 10 mm.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Turbulenzbremse 27, die z. B. in unmittelbarer Nähe der Ausgangswalzen 6a, 6b am Ende der Hauptverzugszone HV angeordnet ist. Die Aufgabe der Turbulenzbremse 27 besteht darin, die zwischen den Walzenpaaren gebildeten Klemmspalte vor dem Eintritt von umlaufenden Luftströmungen und in diesen mitgeführten Fasern zu schützen. Die Turbulenzbremse 27 hat z. B. den Walzen 6a, 6b zugeordnete, an den Seiten der zugehörigen Füllstücke 17, 18 angeordnete Abdeckelemente 28a und 28b mit Enden 29a und 29b, die auf der Eintrittsseite zum Klemmspalt den Umfangsflächen dieser Walzen 6a, 6b schleifend anliegen (Walze 6b) oder dieser mit geringem Abstand (Walze 6a) gegenüber stehen. Die mit den Abdeckelementen 28a, 28b versehenen Walzen 6a, 6b haben vorzugsweise glatte Oberflächen. Dadurch werden Funkenbildungen und Geräuschentwicklungen vermieden, die in Kombination mit geriffelten Walzen unvermeidbar wären. Auch andere Walzen des Streckwerks können mit solchen Turbulenzbremsen 27 versehen sein. In Fig. 1 sind die Turbulenzbremsen 27, die mit dicken schwarzen Linien angedeutet sind, im Bereich des Ausgangswalzenpaars angeordnet, weil sich die Ausgangswalzen 6a, 6b z. B. mit Drehzahlen bis zu 7000 UpM drehen können. Die dadurch auftretenden hohen Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten machen es sinnvoll, die beschriebenen Turbulenzbremsen 27 einzusetzen, da diese insbesondere verhindern, dass die von den Walzenoberflächen erzeugten, umlaufenden, gegenläufigen Luftströmungen im Zwickel des jeweiligen Walzenpaars zusammentreffen und seitlich unter starken Turbulenzen aus dem Zwickel strömen. Diese starken Turbulenzen würden ggf. Fasern aus dem Hauptmaterialstrom mitreißen und zu einer Qualitätsverschlechterung des Prozesses und letztendlich des aus dem Streckwerk austretenden Faserverbunds führen. Fig. 6 shows a turbulence brake 27, the z. B. in the immediate vicinity of the output rollers 6a, 6b at the end of the main drafting zone HV is arranged. The task of the turbulence brake 27 is to protect the nip gaps formed between the roller pairs before the entry of circulating air flows and in these entrained fibers. The turbulence brake 27 has z. B. the rollers 6a, 6b associated, arranged on the sides of the associated filler pieces 17, 18 cover elements 28a and 28b with ends 29a and 29b, the peripheral surfaces of these rollers 6a, 6b abut on the inlet side to the nip (roller 6b) or this with a small distance (roller 6a) opposite. The rollers 6a, 6b provided with the cover elements 28a, 28b preferably have smooth surfaces. This avoids sparking and noise that would be unavoidable in combination with corrugated rolls. Other rollers of the drafting system can be provided with such turbulence brakes 27. In Fig. 1 are the turbulence brakes 27, which are indicated by thick black lines in the Arranged portion of the output roller pair, because the output rollers 6a, 6b z. B. can rotate at speeds up to 7000 rpm. The resulting high circumferential speeds make it useful to use the described turbulence brakes 27, as these prevent in particular that the generated by the roll surfaces, circumferential, counter-rotating air flows in the gusset of the respective pair of rollers and laterally flow under strong turbulence from the gusset. These strong turbulences would possibly entrain fibers from the main material flow and lead to a deterioration of the quality of the process and ultimately of the fiber composite emerging from the drafting system.

Alternativ wäre es möglich, die Turbulenzbremsen 27 mit den Füllstücken 17, 18 zu kombinieren und deren den Walzen zugewandte Enden entsprechend Fig. 6 auszubilden.Alternatively, it would be possible to combine the turbulence brakes 27 with the filler pieces 17, 18 and their ends facing the rollers accordingly Fig. 6 train.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Merkmal der erfindungsgemäßen Streckwerke besteht aus einem in Fig. 7 und 8 dargestellten Riemchenkäfig 30, der z. B. der Oberwalze 5b zugeordnet ist, die am Eingang zur Hauptverzugszone HV liegt. Der Riemchenkäfig 30 enthält ein Riemchen 31, das einerseits über die Oberwalze 5b, andererseits zur Reduzierung der Reibung über eine drehbar gelagerte, einen vergleichsweise kleinen Durchmesser aufweisende Welle 32 läuft, die nahe beim Eingangszwickel des Ausgangswalzenpaars 6a, 6b liegt. Das Riemchen 31 ist luftdurchlässig und zwischen den Walzen 5b, 6b über einen nahe an das Fasermaterial 2 heranreichenden Saugkasten 33 geführt, der an einer Saugquelle liegt. Der Saugkasten 33 hat, wie Fig. 7 zeigt, eine vom Faserstrom 2 überlaufene Öffnung 34, die eine sich in Förderrichtung verringernde Breite b (Fig. 8) besitzt, die am Ausgang der Öffnung 34 z. B. 5 mm beträgt. Dadurch wird zwar eine gewisse Kompaktierung des Fasermaterials 2 erreicht. Vor allem wird aber, insbesondere bei der Verarbeitung von Fasermaterialien 2 mit einem hohen Anteil an Kurzfasern, sichergestellt, dass die kurzen Fasern vom Riemchen 31 zurückgehalten und nicht ungewollt vom nachfolgenden Walzenpaar (hier 6a, 6b) mitgerissen werden, was einen gleichmäßigen Verzug verhindern würde. Um nur diese Wirkung zu erreichen, könnte die Öffnung 34 auch eine runde, viereckige oder sonstwie geformte Umfangskontur haben. Soll eine richtige Kompaktierung erreicht werden, wird vorzugsweise eine weiter unten beschriebene Kompaktierungseinrichtung vorgesehen.Another preferred feature of the drafting systems according to the invention consists of a in FIGS. 7 and 8 shown Riemchenkäfig 30, the z. B. the top roller 5b is assigned, which is located at the entrance to the main drafting zone HV. The Riemchenkäfig 30 includes a strap 31, on the one hand on the upper roller 5b, on the other hand to reduce the friction on a rotatably mounted, a comparatively small diameter shaft 32 runs, which is close to the Eingangszwickel the output roller pair 6a, 6b. The apron 31 is permeable to air and guided between the rollers 5b, 6b via a suction box 33, which is close to the fiber material 2 and lies at a suction source. The suction box 33 has, as Fig. 7 shows an overflowed from the fiber stream 2 opening 34, which has a decreasing in the conveying direction width b (Fig. Fig. 8 ) has, at the output of the opening 34 z. B. 5 mm. As a result, although a certain compaction of the fiber material 2 is achieved. Above all, however, especially when processing fiber materials 2 with a high proportion of short fibers, it is ensured that the short fibers are retained by the apron 31 and are not unintentionally entrained by the following pair of rollers (here 6a, 6b), which would prevent a uniform distortion , To achieve only this effect, the opening 34 could also be a round, square or otherwise shaped peripheral contour. If a correct compaction is to be achieved, a compacting device described below is preferably provided.

An der vom Saugkasten 33 abgewandten Seite der Förderbahn, weist der Riemchenkäfig 30 vorzugsweise eine Platte 35 auf, die gleichzeitig eines der Füllstücke 17 (Fig. 1) bilden kann und dem Fasermaterial 2 dicht gegenübersteht oder auf diesem aufliegt bzw. dieses berührt, ohne es zu quetschen. Dadurch wird die Wirksamkeit des mit einem geeigneten Unterdruck betriebenen Saugkastens 33 erhöht.At the side facing away from the suction box 33 side of the conveyor track, the Riemchenkäfig 30 preferably has a plate 35 which at the same time one of the filling pieces 17 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) can form and the fiber material 2 is tightly facing or rests on this or touches it, without squeezing it. As a result, the efficiency of the suction box 33 operated with a suitable negative pressure is increased.

Der Saugkasten 33 und die Platte 35 können analog zu Fig. 6 weiterhin gleichzeitig als Turbulenzbremsen ausgebildet sein, was in Fig. 7 durch deren Enden 33a, 35a angedeutet ist, die den Enden 29a, 29b der Abdeckelemente 28a, 28b in Fig. 6 entsprechen.The suction box 33 and the plate 35 can analogously to Fig. 6 continue to be formed simultaneously as turbulence brakes, which in Fig. 7 is indicated by the ends 33a, 35a, the ends 29a, 29b of the cover 28a, 28b in Fig. 6 correspond.

Fig. 9 bis 12 zeigen Einzelheiten einer Kompaktierungseinrichtung, die das anhand der Fig. 1 beschriebene Streckwerk um eine in Förderrichtung 1 hinter dem Ausgangswalzenpaar 6a, 6b angeordnete Kompaktierungszone K verlängert. Dabei sind in Fig. 9 gleiche Teile mit denselben Bezugszeichen wie in Fig. 1 versehen. Während die Verzüge in den Zonen VV, AV und HV in den üblichen Größenordnungen liegen, wird der Verzug innerhalb der Kompaktierungszone K auf Null oder quasi Null eingestellt. Fig. 9 to 12 show details of a compacting device, which based on the Fig. 1 described drafting system extended by one in the conveying direction 1 behind the pair of output rollers 6a, 6b arranged compaction zone K. Here are in Fig. 9 like parts with the same reference numerals as in FIG Fig. 1 Mistake. While the delays in the zones VV, AV and HV are in the usual order of magnitude, the delay within the compaction zone K is set to zero or virtually zero.

Gemäß Fig. 9 befindet sich in der Kompaktierungszone K eine Spinnvorrichtung 36 mit einer Spinndüse 36a und einem an diese anschließenden Spinnrohr 36b. Die Spinndüse 36a saugt das aus den Ausgangswalzen 6a, 6b austretende Fasermaterial 2 an und bildet aus ihm ein temporäres Ringgam, das bis an das Ende des Spinnrohrs 36b reicht. Das gesamte System stellt eine Falschdrahtvorrichtung dar, weshalb in ein auf das Spinnrohr 36b folgendes, aus Walzen 37a, 37b bestehendes Walzenpaar nur parallel liegende Fasern gelangen und die Drehungen zwischen dem Ende des Spinnrohrs 36b und den Walzen 37a, 37b vollständig abgebaut werden. Der aus dem Fasermaterial 2 gebildete Materialstrom ist jedoch perfekt kompaktiert. An die Walzen 37a, 37b kann sich ein Spinnsystem bekannter Art anschließen.According to Fig. 9 is located in the compaction zone K, a spinning device 36 with a spinneret 36a and a subsequent thereto spinning tube 36b. The spinneret 36a sucks the fiber material 2 exiting from the exit rollers 6a, 6b and forms from it a temporary ring yarn which extends to the end of the spinning tube 36b. The entire system is a false twist device, which is why in a following on the spinning tube 36b, consist of rollers 37a, 37b pair of rollers only parallel fibers and the rotations between the end of the spinning tube 36b and the rollers 37a, 37b are completely degraded. The from the However, fiber material 2 formed material flow is perfectly compacted. The rollers 37a, 37b may be followed by a spinning system of known type.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel für die Spinndüse 36a ist in Fig. 10 bis 12 dargestellt. Danach ist die Spinndüse 36a auf ihrer Eingangsseite als Trichter ausgebildet, der eine im wesentlichen ovale oder flachovale Eintrittsöffnung 38a und eine z. B. kreisrunde Austrittsöffnung 38b aufweist. Die Eintrittsöffnung 38a wird vorzugsweise im Ausgangszwickel des Ausgangswalzenpaars 6a, 6b angeordnet und besitzt eine Breite B (Fig. 11), die vorzugsweise mindestens der Breite des aus diesem Ausgangswalzenpaar 6a, 6b austretenden Fasermaterials 2 entspricht, damit hier keine Fasern seitlich entweichen können, d. h. kein Faserverlust auftritt und alle auftretenden Fasern in das temporäre Garn eingebunden werden. Die senkrecht zur Breite B gemessene Höhe der Eintrittsöffnung 38a kann dagegen entsprechend der üblichen Dicke eines Faserbandes vergleichsweise klein sein. Schließlich besitzt die Austrittsöffnung 38b einen solchen Durchmesser D (Fig. 11), dass das Verhältnis B : D z. B. 5 : 1 beträgt und das Fasermaterial 2 bereits durch den Trichter kompaktiert wird. Insbesondere kann das Maß D z. B. ca. 2 mm und das Maß B z. B. ca. 5 mm bis 10 mm betragen.A preferred embodiment for the spinneret 36a is shown in FIG 10 to 12 shown. Thereafter, the spinneret 36a is formed on its input side as a funnel having a substantially oval or flat oval inlet opening 38a and a z. B. circular outlet opening 38b has. The inlet opening 38a is preferably arranged in the output gusset of the output roller pair 6a, 6b and has a width B (FIG. Fig. 11 ), which preferably corresponds at least to the width of the fiber material 2 exiting from this pair of output rollers 6a, 6b, so that no fibers can escape laterally, ie no fiber loss occurs and all occurring fibers are incorporated into the temporary yarn. By contrast, the height of the inlet opening 38a measured perpendicular to the width B can be comparatively small in accordance with the usual thickness of a sliver. Finally, the outlet opening 38b has a diameter D ( Fig. 11 ) that the ratio B: D z. B. 5: 1 and the fiber material 2 is already compacted through the hopper. In particular, the dimension D z. B. about 2 mm and the dimension B z. B. be about 5 mm to 10 mm.

Im übrigen ist die Spinndüse 36a z. B. mit wenigstens einer Düse 36c versehen, die unter einem Winkel von z. B. 90° zur Förderrichtung und zur Spinnrohrachse angeordnet ist, in bekannter Weise zur Erzeugung von Luftwirbeln dient und an eine nicht gezeigte Pressluftquelle angeschlossen sind, die Druckluft mit einem Überdruck von z. B. 0,2 bar bis 0,4 bar liefert. Die Druckluft zieht das aus dem Ausgangswalzenpaar 6a, 6b austretende Fasermaterial 2 in die Spinndüse 36a hinein und befördert es gleichzeitig durch das nachfolgende Spinnrohr 36b in Richtung des Walzenpaars 37a und 37b (Fig. 9). Dadurch wird einerseits dem Fasermaterial im Spinnrohr 36a eine Vielzahl von Umdrehungen erteilt, wie schematisch in Fig. 12 durch eine Wellenlinie 40 angedeutet ist. Andererseits wird eine hohe Kompaktierung erzielt, die auch in dem Bereich zwischen dem Spinnrohr 36b und dem anschließenden Walzenpaar 37a und 37b, in dem sich die Drehungen wieder vollständig auflösen (Falschdrahteffekt), im wesentlichen erhalten bleiben. Das derart verdichtete Fasermaterial 2 kann dann einer Spinnmaschine, einer Spinn/Strick-Maschine od. dgl. zugeführt werden.Otherwise, the spinneret 36a z. B. provided with at least one nozzle 36 c, which at an angle of z. B. is arranged at 90 ° to the conveying direction and Spinnrohrachse, serves in a known manner to produce air vortices and are connected to a compressed air source, not shown, the compressed air with an overpressure of z. B. 0.2 bar to 0.4 bar supplies. The compressed air pulls the fiber material 2 emerging from the pair of output rollers 6a, 6b into the spinneret 36a and simultaneously conveys it through the subsequent spinning tube 36b in the direction of the pair of rollers 37a and 37b (FIG. Fig. 9 ). As a result, on the one hand, the fiber material in the spinning tube 36a is given a large number of revolutions, as shown schematically in FIG Fig. 12 is indicated by a wavy line 40. On the other hand, a high compaction is achieved, which also in the area between the spinning tube 36b and the subsequent pair of rollers 37a and 37b, in which the rotations completely dissolve again (False-twist effect), essentially preserved. The thus-compressed fiber material 2 can then be fed to a spinning machine, a spinning / knitting machine or the like.

Im übrigen werden die Walzen 37a, 37b mit besonderem Vorteil analog zu Fig. 1 und 5 mit Turbulenzbremsen 27 versehen. Die Oberwalze 37b ist wie üblich an einem Druckarm 41 befestigt und vorzugsweise axial changierend gelagert. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es außerdem, wenn die anhand der Fig. 1 beschriebenen Strömungskanäle 10 und 11 gemäß Fig. 9 bis zu den Walzen 37a, 37b des weiteren Walzenpaars verlängert werden. Dabei ist vorzugsweise auch das schnell drehende Walzenpaar 37a, 37b ein ausgewähltes Walzenpaar, dem zu den Blasdüsen 15, 16 analoge Blasdüsen 42a, 42b zugeordnet werden. Im übrigen ist das Streckwerk wie in Fig. 1 ausgebildet, weshalb gleiche Teile mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen sind.Incidentally, the rollers 37a, 37b with particular advantage analogous to Fig. 1 and 5 provided with turbulence brakes 27. The top roller 37b is attached as usual to a pressure arm 41 and preferably mounted axially iridescent. It is also particularly advantageous if the basis of the Fig. 1 described flow channels 10 and 11 according to Fig. 9 be extended to the rollers 37a, 37b of the further pair of rollers. In this case, the fast-rotating pair of rollers 37a, 37b is preferably also a selected pair of rollers, to which are associated with the blowing nozzles 15, 16 analogue nozzles 42a, 42b. Otherwise, the drafting system is as in Fig. 1 formed, which is why the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

Die Belastungen der Oberwalzen 3b bis 6b und 37b bewegen sich in den üblichen Größenordnungen. Allerdings können die Oberwalzen 5b und 6b auch wesentlich geringer belastet werden, als dies beim Ringspinnen üblich ist, was die Standzeit verlängert. Das trifft insbesondere dann zu, wenn die durch echte Drehungen verursachte Spinnspannung des sich anschließenden Spinnsystems ein Wert von 0,2 N nicht überschreitet (z. B. beim Luftspinnen oder Spinn/Stricken).The loads of the upper rollers 3b to 6b and 37b move in the usual orders of magnitude. However, the top rollers 5b and 6b can also be loaded much less than is usual in ring spinning, which extends the service life. This is especially true when the spinning tension of the subsequent spinning system caused by true rotations does not exceed 0.2 N (eg in air spinning or spinning / knitting).

Ein besonders wesentlicher Vorteil der beschriebenen, erfindungsgemäßen Streckwerke besteht darin, dass die aus dem Fasermaterial 2 gebildeten Materialströme von den der Entflugung dienenden Strömungskanälen 10, 11 weitgehend getrennt sind, insbesondere wenn zusätzlich die Füllstücke 17, 18 verwendet und die Wände der Strömungskanäle durchweg glatt und so ausgebildet werden, dass keine Totzonen od. dgl. entstehen. Eine bevorzugte windschnittige, d. h. stromlinienförmige bzw. einen kleinen Strömungswiderstand aufweisende Ausbildung der Innenwandungen der Strömungskanäle 10, 11 sorgt außerdem dafür, dass sich auf dem Fasermaterial 2 keine störenden Anflieger und Batzen absetzen können. Im Strickprozess erzeugter, nachteiliger Faserflug kann somit nicht wieder in den Hauptmaterialstrom gelangen und die Qualität bzw. die Gleichmäßigkeit des gesamten Prozesses und vor allem des aus dem Streckwerk austretenden Faserverbunds negativ beeinflussen. Dadurch bleiben sonst mögliche Turbulenzen insbesondere in den Verzugszonen HV und K beherrschbar, so dass sich mit den beschriebenen Streckwerken sehr hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten erzielen lassen. Das gilt insbesondere dann, wenn die Luftströme entgegengesetzt zur Förderrichtung 1 (Fig. 1) strömen, weil sie dann in Drehrichtung der Walzen an deren Oberflächen vorbei strömen und dadurch besonders gleichmäßig sind.A particularly significant advantage of the described drafting systems according to the invention is that the material streams formed from the fiber material 2 are largely separated from the deceleration serving flow channels 10, 11, in particular if additionally used the patches 17, 18 and the walls of the flow channels consistently smooth and be formed so that no dead zones od. Like. arise. A preferred streamlined, ie streamlined or a small flow resistance formation of the inner walls of the flow channels 10, 11 also ensures that can settle on the fiber material 2 no disturbing Anflieger and batzen. In the knitting process generated, disadvantageous fiber fly can thus not get back into the main material flow and adversely affect the quality and uniformity of the entire process and especially the emerging from the drafting fiber composite. As a result, otherwise possible turbulences remain controllable, in particular in the draft zones HV and K, so that very high operating speeds can be achieved with the drafting systems described. This is especially true if the air flows opposite to the conveying direction 1 ( Fig. 1 ) flow, because they then flow in the direction of rotation of the rollers past the surfaces and thus are particularly uniform.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, die auf vielfache Weise abgewandelt werden können. Das gilt u. a. für die nur beispielhaft angegebenen Maße. Auch die im Einzelfall vorgesehene Form und Konstruktion der Strömungskanäle 10, 11 kann in weiten Grenzen variieren. Weiterhin kann die Zahl der vorhandenen Walzenpaare in Abhängigkeit von den im Einzelfall angestrebten Verzügen anders als beschrieben sein. Dabei soll der verwendete Begriff "Streckwerkswalzen" alle üblichen Arten von Streckwerksorganen, insbesondere auch die verschiedenen Riemchen-Konstruktionen (z. B. Fig. 7 und 8) umfassen. Abgesehen davon kann das Streckwerk mit weiteren, üblicherweise vorhandenen Einrichtungen, z. B. einer technischen Absaugung 43 (Fig. 1 und 9) versehen weiden. Außerdem ist klar, dass jedem Strömungskanal auch mehr als eine Blasdüse zugeordnet werden und jedes Walzenpaar als ausgewähltes Walzenpaar so behandelt werden kann, wie oben anhand des Walzenpaars 6a, 6b ausführlich erläutert wurde.The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, which can be modified in many ways. This applies, inter alia, to the dimensions given by way of example only. The intended in each case form and construction of the flow channels 10, 11 may vary within wide limits. Furthermore, the number of existing pairs of rollers can be different than described depending on the individual desired delay. The term "drafting rollers" as used herein is intended to encompass all conventional types of drafting system members, in particular also the various apron constructions (eg. FIGS. 7 and 8 ). Apart from that, the drafting with other, usually existing facilities, eg. B. a technical suction 43 ( Fig. 1 and 9 ) grazing. In addition, it is clear that more than one tuyere can be assigned to each flow channel and each pair of rolls can be treated as a selected pair of rolls, as explained in detail above with reference to the pair of rolls 6a, 6b.

Claims (30)

  1. Drafting system for processing fibrous material (2) with a multiplicity of roller pairs arranged one behind the other, each having a bottom roller (3a to 6a) and a top roller (3b to 6b), for transporting the fibrous material (2) along at least one transport run in a preselected transport direction (1), and with a device, which serves to clean and prevent undesirable fibre fly in the region of at least one selected roller pair, wherein this device contains filler pieces (17, 18), which are provided on both sides of the transport run and cavities are provided between the bottom and top rollers (e.g. 6a, 6b) of the selected roller pair and the bottom and top rollers (e.g. 5a, 5b) of at least one roller pair leading and/or following in the transport direction in such a manner that they form a transport channel (17a, 18a), which screens the fibrous material (2) to the outside, characterised in that on both sides of the transport run the device additionally has a respective flow channel (10, 11), which extends as far as the bottom or top roller (e.g. 6a, 6b) of the selected roller pair and the filler pieces (17, 18) allocated to this and is intended for the removal of fibre fly, and that the device additionally contains blast nozzles (15, 16), which are arranged so that air flows generated by them flow through the flow channels (10, 11) substantially parallel to the transport run and tangentially to the rollers of the selected roller pair.
  2. Drafting system according to claim 1, characterised in that such filler pieces (17, 18) are provided between the bottom and top rollers (3a to 6a; 3b to 6b) of all roller pairs.
  3. Drafting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the flow channels (25) are extended parallel to the transport run.
  4. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the flow channels are connected to a suction source (y).
  5. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the blast nozzles (15, 16) are arranged so that the air flows flow through the flow channels (10, 11) in the opposite direction to the transport direction (1) of the fibrous material (2).
  6. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the coverings (14) located on the side of the top roller of the selected pair are fastened to a pressure arm (7) for the top roller.
  7. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the blast nozzles (15, 16) are arranged so that the air flows strike locations on outer peripheral faces of the rollers (6a, 6b) of the selected roller pair that are located between outer vertices (6S 1, 6S2) of these rollers (6a, 6b) and the transport run.
  8. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the rollers (3a to 6a; 3b to 6b) can be driven at different circumferential speeds in transport direction (1) of the fibrous material (2) and at least the roller pair with rollers (6a, 6b) that can be driven at the highest circumferential speed forms the selected roller pair.
  9. Drafting system according to claim 8, characterised in that it contains at least one transport run with at least three roller pairs, namely a feed roller pair (3a, 3b), a middle roller pair (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b) and a withdrawal roller pair (6a, 6b) and the withdrawal roller pair (6a, 6b) forms the selected roller pair.
  10. Drafting system according to claim 9, characterised in that the flow channels (10, 11) are respectively extended from the rollers (6a, 6b) of the withdrawal roller pair to the rollers (3a, 3b) of the feed roller pair.
  11. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the arrangement is such that the air flows can be generated at an excess pressure in relation to the surrounding area of approximately 150 mm water column.
  12. Drafting system according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterised in that the suction source (y) is arranged for generating a slight vacuum in relation to the surrounding area in the flow channels (10, 11).
  13. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that it contains at least two drafting system sections located laterally adjacent to one another respectively with a multiplicity of roller pairs arranged one behind the other, each having a bottom roller (4a1, 4a2) and a top roller (4b1, 4b2), which form a corresponding multiplicity of transport runs intended to transport fibrous material (2), and that each drafting system section is provided with filler pieces (17, 18) and/or flow channels (10a, 10b; 11a, 11b) and/or blast nozzles (15, 16) according to one of claims 1 to 12.
  14. Drafting system according to claim 13, characterised in that the bottom rollers (4a1, 4a2) of the adjacent drafting system sections each have associated individual adjacent flow channels (10a, 10b), which are delimited by common outer coverings (12) and partition walls (22), which extend transversely to the transport runs and are connected to the coverings (12).
  15. Drafting system according to claim 13 or 14, characterised in that the top rollers (4b1, 4b2) of the adjacent drafting system sections are fastened to pressure arms (7) and these top rollers (4b1, 4b2) each have associated individual adjacent flow channels (11a, 11b), which are delimited by outer coverings (14) and partition walls (23), which extend transversely to the transport runs, wherein the coverings (14) and the partition walls (23) are fastened to the pressure arms (7).
  16. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the device additionally has a protective tube (trocar) (20), which is arranged at the inlet of the drafting system and is intended to screen the fibrous material (2) during its advance.
  17. Drafting system according to claim 16, characterised in that at least one of the two flow channels (10, 11) associated with the bottom and top rollers (3a to 6a; 3b to 6b) intersects the transport run at a location situated in front of the feed roller pair (3a, 3b) in transport direction (1), and that the protective tube (20) projects through this flow channel (11) and terminates in a cavity of the feed roller pair (3a, 3b).
  18. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that open compressors (26) are provided in draft zones (AV, HV) formed by the roller pairs (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b; 6a, 6b).
  19. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that turbulence brakes (27) are provided in draft zones (HV) formed by the roller pairs (5a, 5b; 6a, 6b), which screen clamping gaps located between the roller pairs (5a, 5b; 6a, 6b) against the entry of circulating air flows.
  20. Drafting system according to claim 19, characterised in that the turbulence brakes (27) are provided with covering elements (28a, 28b), which on the entry side to at least one clamping gap formed by associated rollers (6a, 6b) stand opposite (29a) the peripheral faces of these rollers (6a, 6b) at a short distance therefrom or drag against these (29b).
  21. Drafting system according to claim 20, characterised in that roller pairs provided with the covering elements (28a, 28b) are formed from rollers (6a, 6b) with smooth surfaces.
  22. Drafting system according to one of claims 9 to 21, characterised in that it has two roller pairs (5a, 5b; 6a, 6b) forming a draft zone (HV) and an apron cage (30) with an air-permeable apron (31) running over a suction box (33) is arranged between the top rollers (5b, 6b) thereof.
  23. Drafting system according to claim 22, characterised in that the suction box (33) has an opening (34) tapering in the transport direction.
  24. Drafting system according to claim 22 or 23, characterised in that a plate (35) touching but not squeezing the fibrous material (2) is arranged on the side of the transport run remote from the apron cage (30).
  25. Drafting system according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterised in that the suction box (33) is at the same time configured as a turbulence brake, which is associated with the top roller (6b) of the roller pair trailing in transport direction (1) and is configured in accordance with one of claims 16 to 18.
  26. Drafting system according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterised in that the plate (35) is at the same time configured as a turbulence brake, which is associated with the bottom roller (6a) of the roller pair trailing in transport direction (1) and is configured in accordance with one of claims 16 to 18.
  27. Drafting system according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterised in that a compacting device configured as a spinning device (26) is provided behind its last roller pair (6a, 6b) in the transport direction (1).
  28. Drafting system according to claim 27, characterised in that the spinning device (36) contains a spinning nozzle (36a), which is configured on its feed side as a funnel, which extends as far as an outlet gap of the last roller pair (6a, 6b) and which has a shallow elongated inlet (38a) with a width (B) corresponding at least to the width of the fibrous material (2) discharging from the exit gap.
  29. Drafting system according to claim 28, characterised in that the funnel has a circular outlet (38b) with a diameter (D) such that the B:D ratio amounts to approximately 5:1.
  30. Drafting system according to claim 28 or 29, characterised in that a spinning tube (36b) follows the spinning nozzle (36a).
EP06791341.8A 2005-08-30 2006-08-30 Drafting system for fabricating fibrous material Active EP1920091B8 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06791341T PL1920091T3 (en) 2005-08-30 2006-08-30 Drafting system for fabricating fibrous material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2005/001514 WO2007025490A1 (en) 2005-08-30 2005-08-30 High-performance drafting equipment and process
PCT/DE2006/001535 WO2007025535A2 (en) 2005-08-30 2006-08-30 Drafting system for fabricating fibrous material

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1920091A2 EP1920091A2 (en) 2008-05-14
EP1920091B1 true EP1920091B1 (en) 2014-11-12
EP1920091B8 EP1920091B8 (en) 2015-01-21

Family

ID=36088219

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06791341.8A Active EP1920091B8 (en) 2005-08-30 2006-08-30 Drafting system for fabricating fibrous material

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1920091B8 (en)
DE (1) DE112005003744A5 (en)
ES (1) ES2529177T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1920091T3 (en)
WO (2) WO2007025490A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006062364B4 (en) 2006-12-22 2019-03-14 Wilhelm Stahlecker Gmbh Device for producing a knitted fabric
CH699521A2 (en) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-15 Rotorcraft Ag Drafting arrangement for a knitting machine.

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2246474A (en) * 1939-01-04 1941-06-17 Ver Kugellagerfabriken Ag Guiding arrangement for top weighting rolls
US4187588A (en) * 1975-12-26 1980-02-12 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co. Ltd. Construction of pendulum arm type high sensitivity self-aligning weighting arm
JPS6034038Y2 (en) * 1981-09-16 1985-10-09 株式会社豊田自動織機製作所 Fiber bundle draft device
JPS58120823A (en) * 1981-12-29 1983-07-18 Toyoda Autom Loom Works Ltd Cleaning apparatus of draft roll in spinning machine
JPS5915521A (en) * 1982-07-15 1984-01-26 Toyoda Autom Loom Works Ltd Cleaning apparatus in fine spinning machine
DE4003019A1 (en) * 1990-02-02 1991-08-08 Fritz Stahlecker Drawing unit rollers - have shell-shaped shroudings to cover inlet side
DE19514997A1 (en) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-02 Chemnitzer Spinnereimaschinen Slubbing feeding in and through spinner drawing unit for high draft
DE19548671A1 (en) * 1995-12-23 1997-06-26 Csm Gmbh Suction cleaner at a drawing unit for vacuum spinning machine
EP1431433A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-06-23 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Drafting device structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007025535A3 (en) 2007-08-23
DE112005003744A5 (en) 2008-08-14
PL1920091T3 (en) 2015-02-27
WO2007025535A2 (en) 2007-03-08
EP1920091A2 (en) 2008-05-14
WO2007025490A1 (en) 2007-03-08
EP1920091B8 (en) 2015-01-21
ES2529177T3 (en) 2015-02-17

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