EP1431433A1 - Drafting device structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A textile machine drafting station (1) has a pair of feed rollers (2), a pair of discharge rollers (3), and a pair of central rollers (12, 15, 16). The pairs of rollers (2, 12, 15, 16, 3) may be lifted clear of the lower rollers (6, 18, 7). At least one upper roller (5, 17) may be lifted independent of the other upper rollers (4, 17). Also claimed is a spinning machine equipped with a drafting station in which the upper roller (5) in the discharge pair (3) may be individually raised independently of the lower roller (3). The upper rollers (4, 5, 17) are maintained in contact with the lower rollers by individually-adjustable springs (8).

Description

The present invention relates to a drafting system for spinning machines according to the Preamble of independent claim 1 and a spinning machine with a such drafting system according to the preamble of claim 8.

A device according to the preamble of the independent claims shows, for example the German document DE 30 25 032 A1. In this device, the Upper rollers can be lifted together using an upper roller support arm. Taking off the Upper of the lower rollers is necessary in order to get the fiber structure to be drawn position correctly between the rollers of a pair of rollers. Every roller has its own bearing, with the top roller bearing on an top roller arm is attached.

A similar device is also shown in the European patent application EP 488 007 A1. This application also shows a drafting system for a fine spinning machine with three pairs of rollers arranged in a row. Here too are the top rollers mounted on a common load arm. In contrast to the above The German rollers mentioned have the top rollers in the European application individual, individually adjustable springs as a load. At the top these springs are attached screws with which the springs more or can be less attracted. This allows the pressure on each The top roller transfer is set individually.

Most drafting systems have three pairs of rollers. Are less common Draw frames with four or more pairs of rollers. A drafting system can also be used there are two pairs of rollers. The roller pairs of the drafting system can be divided into pairs of infeed rollers, Divide the pairs of center cylinders and pairs of outlet rollers. The default in a drafting system takes place gradually. If there are only two pairs of rollers, see above the delay is one stage. If there are three pairs of rollers - which is the rule - this is the case the delay in two stages. With four pairs of rollers, the draft can be three-stage. In one Three-cylinder drafting system - i.e. in drafting systems with three pairs of rollers - takes place the first stage of drafting, the so-called pre-drafting, between the pair of infeed rollers and the middle cylinder pair instead. In the case of pre-drafting, the fibers are only around moved a small amount. For roving (roving yarn or so-called fuse) the advance delay is less than 1.5 times, for sliver or stretch belts (i.e. on of the route) the advance delay is more than 1.5 times. Following the pair of middle cylinders follow the exit roller pair. In between there is the main default instead, in which the sliver is warped by about 10 to 80 times. Usually the straps have central cylinders. These ensure for the high Main warp good fiber guidance. There are also drafting system variants, at which are several pairs of central cylinders. A drafting system, which several The document shows DE 43 23 472 C 2. Central cylinder pairs. The main delay takes place here between the two pairs of central cylinders, while between the second center cylinder pair and the outlet roller pair a compacting device is available for the fiber structure and no or at least no essential There is more delay.

The drafting systems according to the prior art have disadvantages. Depending on the purpose of the drafting system is the ability to lift the top rollers from the bottom rollers not appropriate according to the devices of the prior art or cumbersome. The devices according to the prior art are in particular disadvantageous where a yarn or a yarn end at least through the nip of the outlet roller pair must be guided (necessary for the production of Core yarns or for certain preparation processes, e.g. for air spinning): if production is interrupted, e.g. if the yarn breaks, the yarn end must go back into the drafting system be returned. The use of conventional drafting systems has proven to be proved disadvantageous because this for inserting the yarn end into the drafting system must be opened, whereby all top rollers are lifted off. Thereby is pre-stretched between the pair of inlet rollers and the first pair of central cylinders The fiber structure is also exposed unnecessarily, causing it to shift and relax again. The optimal pre-drawn and for the further Process positioned in the right place fiber association is affected, which the subsequent main delay and the further spinning process deteriorate can.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of withdrawing the Improve top rollers or make them more appropriate and the described Eliminate disadvantage.

The invention

This object is achieved by the features in the independent patent claims 1 and 8 solved.

Thanks to the device according to the invention, it is possible to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above and only to open the area of the drafting system which is really necessary for the return of the yarn end or the core yarn. If several pairs of rollers are present in the device after the main draft, it can be advantageous to design either all the top rollers after the main draft or, if need be, only the top roller of the outlet roller pair to be liftable. It depends on how many pairs of rollers you want to return the end of the thread whether all the top rollers should be designed to be liftable after the main draft or only the top roller of the last outlet roller pair (viewed in the direction of fiber feed). Due to the independent lifting of certain top rollers, the remaining pairs of rollers remain closed and, consequently, the fiber structure in the pre-drafting is clamped and unchanged for the following process. This avoids the disadvantage of the prior art.
Of course, it is also conceivable that one or more of the top rollers in the pre-drafting area, for example the top roller of the pair of infeed rollers, are designed so that they can be lifted off independently. Analog advantages also arise here: Only the clamping line or those clamping lines at which something has to be changed are exposed, while the fibers or the thread is held in the optimal position in the remaining pairs of rollers.

A drafting system according to the invention is particularly suitable for production of core yarns in ring spinning or air spinning machines. In the manufacture of core yarns an elastic core yarn is used, around which the stretched The fibers of the drafting device are twisted. It is advantageous if the core yarn is in front of the pair of outlet rollers is fed. For the preparation process in air spinning machines plays the thread return into the drafting system plays a role (that is, for attaching new thread at one end of the thread). In the process of attaching air spinning machines usually the thread end from the bobbin through the spinning unit and at least clamped in the nip line of the outlet rollers. At most, the thread end traced even further so that it is also in the clamping line of center cylinder pairs is held.

Advantageous refinements and embodiments of the invention are in the dependent To find claims.

Fig. 1

Eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei welcher die Oberwalze des Auslaufwalzenpaares unabhängig von den restlichen Oberwalzen abhebbar ist;

Fig. 2

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit einem 4-Zylinder-Streckwerk;

Fig. 3

Eine dritte Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei welcher zwei Oberwalzen unabhängig von den restlichen Oberwalzen abhebbar sind;

Fig. 4

Eine Vorrichtung für das erfindungsgemässe Streckwerk, bei welchem die Oberwalzen gemeinsam be- und entlastet werden;

Fig. 5

Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 4 in entlasteter Position;

Fig. 6

Weitere Variante der Erfindung, bei welcher bei abgehobener Oberwalze des Auslaufwalzenpaares die Spinndüseneinheit aus der Betriebsposition ausschwenkbar ist.

The invention and the inventive concept are explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. However, it should be expressly pointed out that the invention, or the inventive concept, is not limited to the embodiments shown in the examples. Show it:

Fig. 1

A first embodiment of the invention, in which the top roller of the pair of outlet rollers can be lifted independently of the remaining top rollers;

Fig. 2

Another embodiment of the invention with a 4-cylinder drafting system;

Fig. 3

A third embodiment of the invention, in which two top rollers can be raised independently of the remaining top rollers;

Fig. 4

A device for the drafting system according to the invention, in which the top rollers are jointly loaded and unloaded;

Fig. 5

4 in the unloaded position;

Fig. 6

Another variant of the invention, in which the spinneret unit can be swung out of the operating position when the top roller of the pair of outlet rollers is lifted off.

1 shows a first embodiment of the invention. It provides a drafting system 1 for spinning machines with a pair of inlet rollers 2, including the lower roller 6 and the top roller 4, a pair of central cylinders 12 with the top roller 17 and the bottom roller 18, and a pair of outlet rollers 3 with the lower roller 7 and upper roller 5. All of the upper rollers 4, 17 and 5 mentioned are of their opposite lower rollers 6, 7 and 18 can be lifted off. The top rollers 4, 17 and 5 are each individual and each with individually adjustable load means 8 (shown schematically in the figure) loaded. 8 springs, in particular spiral springs, are preferred as load means, used. When the drafting system is closed, the load means act the loading arms 19 and 20 exert pressure on the top rollers and thus on the clamping line of the respective pair of rollers. In contrast to the drafting systems the prior art, in which all the top rollers with each other via a The device according to the invention has an upper roller load that can be lifted off a construction in which at least one top roller independently of the remaining top rollers can be lifted. As can be seen from Fig. 1, is the top roller 5 of the outlet roller pair 3 via the independent top roller loading arm 20 separately and independently of the remaining top rollers of drafting system 4 and 17 lifted. 1 shows a typical three-cylinder drafting system. The invention leaves but also apply to drafting systems that only have two, four or more pairs of rollers exhibit. The drafting systems preferably have the devices mentioned also straps on. In FIG. 1, this is due to the dash-dotted straps 13 shown. The use of straps is not essential to the invention. Preferably but straps are used in drafting systems. The drafting system, respectively whose top roller loading arms 19 and 20 is over the closures 21 locked.

Figure 2 shows a four-cylinder drafting system, which also according to the invention Is provided. The elements and the reference numbers correspond to those of 1, which is why here only the differences to the elements in FIG. 1 is received. Here, too, the top roller 5 of the pair of outlet rollers 3 is independent can be lifted off the remaining top rollers 4 and 17 thanks to the independent Oberwaizenbeiastuhgsarm 20. In contrast to Figure 1, this drafting device second pair of center cylinders 16. The first pair of central cylinders 15 has an apron 13 equipped. Between the second pair of central cylinders 16 and the pair of outlet rollers 3, which is separate thanks to the independent top roller loading arm 20 Depending on the application, a compacting unit can be opened 14 are located (shown in dashed lines). The compacting unit 14 can, for example be designed for the production of compact yarn. The presence such a unit 14 is optional and insignificant for the implementation of the invention. The invention can, however, the presence of such devices 14 Make handling of the drafting system much easier. Instead of the compacting unit 14 other devices can be provided at this point, in which the separate and independent lifting of the top roller 5 also from Advantage is.

FIG. 3 also shows a four-cylinder drafting system as in FIG. 2, two here Top rollers can be lifted independently of the remaining top rollers. The one with the elements corresponding to other figures are also given the same reference numerals here provided, which is why this is not discussed in more detail here. in the In contrast to the drafting system in FIG. 2, this embodiment has an independent one Top roller loading arm 22 for two top rollers. Depending on the purpose of the drafting arrangement, this embodiment can be advantageous. The figure shows a drafting system in which the top roller 17 of the second pair of central cylinders 16 together with the top roller 5 of the outlet roller pair via an independent Upper roller load arm 22 can be lifted off. Also in this embodiment can be between the second pair of central cylinders 16 and the pair of outlet rollers 3rd a compacting unit 14 are located (optional).

All of the exemplary embodiments according to the invention have in common that one or several of the top rollers can be lifted independently of the other top rollers.

The term "removable" means that the corresponding pair of rollers of the drafting system can be opened by the top roller of the corresponding Roller pair is lifted from the lower roller of the cylinder pair. Like from the Figures and previous versions can be easily seen, of course, are the Top rollers attached to the top roller loading arm 19 are independent can be lifted off the remaining top rollers. That is, with the inventive The upper roller loading arm 19 can also be raised without the device that the remaining rollers of the drafting system (on the upper roller load arm 20 or 22) can be opened. The idea of the invention also includes the possibility that the upper roller loading arm 19 can only be opened if previously or at the same time the second upper roller loading arm 20 or 22 is opened. It Many variants are conceivable in which the inventive idea is implemented can and should be included here. The terms "top" and "bottom roller" are (in particular in the claims) not limited to their spatial position to interpret their actual spatial arrangement is for the implementation of the Invention actually irrelevant. A top roller is generally understood to be a pressure roller, while the bottom roller is usually a driven cylinder.

In a further variant of the invention, not shown, the loading means can 8 adjusted from the upper side of the upper roller loading arms 19, 20 and 22 become. With the adjustability of the load means 8, the force exerted on the pairs of rollers are adjusted (for example by above the load means 8 attached screws that can be tightened).

The embodiments shown so far only show the closure device, with which the upper roller loading arms 19, 20, 22 or the drafting system yourself, be closed. With conventional drafting systems, the load takes place the top rollers simultaneously with the closing of the top roller loading arms instead of. This possibility of loading the top rollers is also the case with the invention Device conceivable. In a further development of the The load on the roller pairs can also be increased by an additional device Element can be effected. This additional element is shown in FIGS and 5 shown. This element 9 can, however, be independent of that previously described Device according to the invention also on known upper roller loading arms be attached. The provision of such an element 9 is therefore not on a combination with the device according to the invention described so far (independent removable top rollers) limited.

Figure 4 shows an element 9 which the top rollers 4 and 5, respectively the roller pairs 2, 12 and 3, jointly loaded and unloaded. For this element 9 are different embodiments conceivable. The figure mentioned shows as concrete Embodiment a common lever 9, which for the common loading and Relief of the existing roller pairs acts. The lever 9 is on one side pivoted (preferably on the same pivot axis 23 as the upper roller load arm 19) and attached to a pressure medium 10 on the other side. The pressure medium 10 is preferably a pneumatic or hydraulic pressure cylinder, which exerts pressure on the lever 9. Thus, the pressure medium 10 exercises the Lever 9, the closures 21 and the upper roller loading arms 19 and 20 a common Load on the top rollers or on the roller pairs. As can be seen from the arrow next to the pressure medium 10 in the figure by the movement of the lever 9, the load means 8 more or less tense, that is, depending on the position of the lever 9, the top rollers become more or less burdened or relieved. Since the lever 9 is mounted in the bearing axis 23 and itself turns around this point, the top rollers of the pair of inlet rollers 2 of the Middle cylinder pair 12 or the outlet roller pair 3 beoder different relieved. If the lever 9 is moved a little, the outlet roller pair 3 experiences the biggest change in its load, whereas the inlet roller pair 2 the undergoes the slightest change. This property of the lever is particularly out the following Figure 5 can be seen.

FIG. 5 shows the lever 9 in the completely relieved position (see pressure medium 10 in an end position). FIG. 5 shows very clearly how the loading means 8 experience a different relief. It can be seen how the load means 8 of the inlet roller pair 2 has the least relief Δ d1, how the load means 8 of the central cylinder pair 12 experiences a greater relief Δ d2 and how the deflection of the independent upper roller load arm 20 is even such that the load means 8 of the outlet roller pair 3 is not only is completely relieved, but that the top roller 5 is even lifted from the bottom roller 7 of the outlet roller pair 3.
FIG. 5 shows a preferred embodiment, in which, with complete relief, the top roller 5 of the outlet roller pair 3 even lifts off from the opposite bottom roller 7, during which the rollers of the inlet roller pair 2 and the center cylinder pair 12 remain pressed against one another with reduced force. This embodiment has the advantage that when the machine is switched off or the drafting system is switched off, the pressure rollers only remain pressed against one another with reduced force. This enables the fiber structure to remain fixed in the inlet area (that is, between the pair of inlet rollers 2 and the pair of central cylinders 12), but at the same time the rollers are not loaded in such a way that they subsequently show pressure points or deformations. Of course, the dimension of the lever and the attachment points of the closures 21 can be selected such that the top roller of the pair of outlet rollers 5 does not lift off if this is unfavorable for the corresponding application of the drafting system.

The invention also includes a method and a corresponding device which occurs when the spinning is interrupted or the stretching process is interrupted (e.g. when the thread breaks or other machine downtime) the drafting system is shut down, whereby at Standstill the top rollers together, preferably via the lever 9, relieved or be partially relieved.

The drafting systems according to the invention are particularly preferred in spinning machines such as air spinning machines and ring spinning machines. The inventive The device is particularly suitable for air spinning machines, in which after the drafting device, a spinneret unit is arranged, which is a yarn after an air spinning process. However, the invention cannot be applied only to conventional ones Use drafting systems, but in addition to the spinning machines mentioned also on spinning machines which process a yarn using the funnel spinning process or Manufacture according to the Plyfil spinning process or with spinning machines which use a real wire process use with closed end. The invention is also suitable for spinning machines in which several fiber streams are spun.

FIG. 6 shows a further development of the invention in which in the drafting system 1 (only the pair of outlet rollers with the top roller 5 and the bottom roller 7 is shown) a spinneret unit 11 is arranged downstream. As can be seen from the figure, at lifted top roller load arm 20, or lifted top roller 5, swing the spinneret unit 11 out of the operating position. It can a device can also be provided (not shown) which, when swung out the upper roller 5 or when pivoting the independent upper roller loading arm 20, the pivoting of the spinneret unit from the operating position causes. The operating position of the spinneret unit 11 is dash-dotted in the figure shown.

The drafting system according to the invention and its further developments such as the lever and the swiveling device can be used in various textile machines Find. The lever can also be independent of the device according to the invention be used for the independent lifting of certain top rollers. The The drafting system according to the invention, or the invention, is therefore not based on the explicitly mentioned possibilities and embodiments are limited. These applications, or these variants are rather suggestions for the Specialist thought to implement the idea of the invention as cheaply as possible. Of the The embodiments described are therefore easily other advantageous applications and combinations can be derived, which also reflect the inventive concept and should be protected by this registration. Some of the features disclosed have been described in combination in this specification and are described in the following Claims combined. But it is also conceivable, individual Features from this description alone (e.g. lever 9) or in one to claim another combination in application of the inventive concept. The The applicant therefore expressly reserves the right to use other combinations in To provide application of the inventive concept.

Legend

1

Drafting system for spinning machine

2

Pair of feed rollers

3

Pair of delivery rollers

4

Top roller pair of inlet rollers

5

Top roller pair of outlet rollers

6

Bottom roller pair of inlet rollers

7

Bottom roller pair of outlet rollers

8th

adjustable load

9

lever

10

lever

11

Spinning nozzle unit

12

Medium cylinder pair

13

Strappy

14

compacting unit

15

first pair of middle cylinders

16

second pair of middle cylinders

17

Top roller pair of middle cylinders

18

Bottom roller pair of cylinders

19

Oberwalzenbelastungsarm

20

independent load arm

21

shutter

22

independent load arm for two top rollers

23

bearing axle

Claims (13)

Drawing frame (1) for spinning machines with a pair of infeed rollers (2), a pair of outfeed rollers (3), and at least one pair of central cylinders (12, 15, 16), each pair of rollers having an upper roller (4, 17, 5) and a lower roller (6, 18 , 7), in the case of the roller pairs (2, 12, 15, 16, 3) the top rollers (4, 17, 5) can each be lifted off the bottom rollers (6, 18, 7), characterized in that at least one top roller ( 5, 17) can be lifted independently of the remaining top rollers (4, 17). Drafting system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the top roller (5) of the pair of outlet rollers (3) can be lifted independently of the remaining top rollers (4, 17). Drafting system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper rollers (4, 5, 17) are loaded individually and with individually adjustable load means (8), preferably springs. Drafting device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drawing device (1) has means (9) for jointly loading or unloading the upper rollers (4, 17, 5). Drafting system (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the means (9) is designed as a lever (9). Drafting system (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the top rollers (4, 17, 5) are loaded or unloaded to different degrees. Drafting system (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the lever (9) with the aid of a pressure medium (10) causes a load or relief of the upper rollers (4, 17, 5). Drafting system (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressure medium (10) is a pressure cylinder, preferably a pneumatic or hydraulic pressure cylinder. Spinning machine with at least one drafting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spinning machine produces a yarn by means of an air spinning process. Spinning machine according to claim 9, characterized in that a spinneret unit (11) is arranged downstream of the drafting device (1) and can be swung out of the operating position when the top roller (5) of the pair of outlet rollers (3) is lifted off. Spinning machine according to Claim 10, characterized in that when the upper roller (5) of the pair of outlet rollers (3) is pivoted out, the spinneret unit (11) also pivots out of the operating position. Method for operating a drafting system (1) with an inlet roller pair (2), an outlet roller pair (3), and at least one central cylinder pair (12, 15, 16), each roller pair having an upper roller (4, 17, 5) and a lower roller (6 , 18, 7) and in these roller pairs (2, 12, 15, 16, 3) the upper rollers (4, 17, 5) can each be lifted off the lower rollers (6, 18, 7), and with at least one upper roller ( 5, 17), which can be lifted independently of the remaining top rollers (4, 17), the drafting device (1) further comprising means (9) for jointly loading all or more top rollers (4, 17, 5) or to relieve, characterized in that
when the drafting system (1) is at a standstill, the means (9) is actuated in such a way that the associated top rollers (4, 17, 5) are jointly relieved or partially relieved. Drawing frame (1) for spinning machines with at least two pairs of rollers (2, 3, 12, 15, 16), each pair of rollers (2, 3, 12, 15, 16) having an upper roller (4, 17, 5) and a lower roller (6 , 18, 7), characterized in that the drafting device (1) has means (9) for jointly loading or unloading the top rollers (4, 17, 5) of the roller pairs, the means (9) preferably being a lever (9) trained.

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