EP1916365B1 - Dispositif de maintien en position fermée - Google Patents

Dispositif de maintien en position fermée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1916365B1
EP1916365B1 EP07405275A EP07405275A EP1916365B1 EP 1916365 B1 EP1916365 B1 EP 1916365B1 EP 07405275 A EP07405275 A EP 07405275A EP 07405275 A EP07405275 A EP 07405275A EP 1916365 B1 EP1916365 B1 EP 1916365B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnet
locking device
base plate
base
fastened
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07405275A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1916365A3 (fr
EP1916365A2 (fr
Inventor
Max Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pilz Auslandsbeteiligungen GmbH
Original Assignee
Pilz Auslandsbeteiligungen GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1916365A2 publication Critical patent/EP1916365A2/fr
Publication of EP1916365A3 publication Critical patent/EP1916365A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1916365B1 publication Critical patent/EP1916365B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H27/00—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings
    • H01H27/002—Switches operated by a removable member, e.g. key, plug or plate; Switches operated by setting members according to a single predetermined combination out of several possible settings wherein one single insertion movement of a key comprises an unlocking stroke and a switch actuating stroke, e.g. security switch for safety guards
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C19/00—Other devices specially designed for securing wings, e.g. with suction cups
    • E05C19/16—Devices holding the wing by magnetic or electromagnetic attraction
    • E05C19/166—Devices holding the wing by magnetic or electromagnetic attraction electromagnetic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic safety locking device with an electromagnet and a co-operating with the electromagnet yoke plate.
  • a Zuhaltesystem in which in a first component side by side an electric pot magnet and a read head assembly are installed.
  • This first component is provided for a fixed mounting on a preferably non-movable edge of an opening to be closed with a movable closure part.
  • the second component consists of the counter element and a base element, wherein the counter element is fixed immovably in the actuating direction and rotatable relative to at least two axes perpendicular to the actuating direction on the base element.
  • the twistability is used, as is customary in cupboard magnetic suspensions, the precise alignment of the contact surface of the counterpart to the contact surface of the magnet, so that a perfect short circuit of the magnetic circuit is achieved.
  • an electromagnetic closure device in which an electromagnet is fastened by means of a screw on a counter-plate, which counter-plate is fixed in a door frame profile.
  • a bore is axially present, which has a smaller diameter section toward the rear side and a larger diameter section toward the pole side.
  • the screw sits in this hole.
  • Her head presses against the edge of the smaller diameter bore at the base of the larger diameter section, its threaded end being screwed into the backing plate.
  • a rubber ring is arranged, which allows a slight pivoting of the electromagnet relative to the counter-plate.
  • the object of the invention to provide a safety locking device, in which the largest possible holding force of the magnet is achieved.
  • the device should allow for the accuracy of the comparison of the two interacting parts relatively large tolerances.
  • the holding force should therefore be maintained even if the closure element begins to hang something or was forced by force from the original location.
  • the holding force of the magnet should then be optimized when a force against the locking force of the magnet is exerted on the device in an opening attempt of a closed with the locking device closure member.
  • This holding force should also be optimal when the juxtaposition of magnet and yoke is not or no longer optimal.
  • the locking device comprises an electromagnet and a yoke plate closing the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet.
  • the electromagnet with a fastening element about a point on a central axis and pivotally mounted in the longitudinal direction of the central axis tensile strength.
  • the central axis runs perpendicular to the contact plane between the electromagnet and yoke plate and also through the center of the holding force of the closed electromagnet.
  • the holding force of a magnet is subject to great fluctuations, depending on how centric or how eccentric the magnet is pulled from the yoke plate.
  • the yoke plate is movably tensioned around a point on the central axis of the yoke plate with a base, e.g. a substrate or a base plate connected, this condition is often not met. Namely, if the central axis of the yoke plate does not pass through the center of force of the electromagnetic field, then the magnetic force is not introduced centrally into the yoke plate.
  • the magnetic force always acts on the same axis as the magnetic force counteracting the force that tries to release the magnet from the yoke plate.
  • optimal holding forces are achieved even if the yoke plate is not optimally aligned with respect to the magnet.
  • the contact surface of the yoke plate is slightly larger than the pole face of the electromagnet, so that this pole face rests evenly in a slightly offset arrangement over the entire surface of the yoke plate.
  • the yoke plate is firmly and immovably attached to the ground or a base plate.
  • the fastening element comprises a bolt which is pivotably mounted centrally on the electromagnet and which in turn is fixed to a base, i. a substrate or a base plate is pivotally mounted.
  • the bolt axis coincides with the central axis of the electromagnet. Thanks to an elastic bearing, the electromagnet will each move to the optimum position when pulling in the direction of the bolt, or the central axis, is exerted on him.
  • the bolt anchored in the electromagnet without pivoting does not interrupt the magnetic flux in the electromagnet, so that the provision of the bolt does not cause any weakening of the magnet. Therefore, the magnet can have relatively small dimensions in relation to the achieved holding force.
  • the bolt is guided through a hole in the base, in particular a base plate.
  • an elastic intermediate layer between a head formation on the bolt and the base is present. So that the desired freedom of movement is present, the diameter of the bore must be greater than the diameter of the bolt.
  • an elastic intermediate layer particularly preferably a rubber sleeve, which forms both elastic intermediate layers. So that the magnet is also supported against the base plate, this sleeve or a separate part forms an elastic intermediate layer between the magnet and the base, e.g. the base plate.
  • the foundation may be part of the locking device, ie a base plate, or part of a machine or a danger zone, in which the device is to be used, ie a substrate.
  • At least one monitoring element for monitoring the closing state of the locking device is expediently provided in the locking device.
  • an electromechanical or electronic component reacting to a magnetic field If, adjacent to the electromagnet or within the electromagnet, an electromechanical or electronic component reacting to a magnetic field is present, then the closing state of the magnetic circuit can be monitored. It can therefore be determined whether the yoke plate is applied or not. This component gives the desired signal only when the yoke plate abuts and thus closes the magnetic circuit, and when the solenoid is turned on and therefore a clamping force actually acts. If the yoke is not on or the magnet is not turned on, the effect of the magnetic circuit on this element is significantly lower, and this therefore gives a distinctively different signal. In a reed switch, the contact is closed or interrupted, in a Hall sensor whose signal is very different.
  • the electromagnet and the yoke plate is not attached directly to a substrate. Namely, if a first component formed from a first base plate, which carries the electromagnet and a second component formed from a second base plate, which carries the yoke plate, these components can be designed specifically for attachment to a substrate. The attachment of the electromagnet and the yoke plate to these base plates can be controlled in the factory. In addition, further components can be fastened in these base plates or on these base plates.
  • the first base plate pivoted about a point on the central axis and tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the central axis attached to a substrate.
  • the electromagnet is pivotable about the point on the central axis and fixed in the longitudinal direction of the central axis tensile strength on the first base plate.
  • the pivotability of the yoke plate is of minor importance.
  • the pivoting of the yoke plate need not be guaranteed by a point on the central axis of the yoke plate. Rather, the yoke plate should be installed as unyielding as possible in the mounted state. Their pivotability should rather serve an initial adjustment of their orientation.
  • one of the two components is equipped with a permanent magnet, and the other component with an electromechanical or electronic element, which element reacts to the magnetic field of the permanent magnet.
  • the first or second base plate is equipped with the permanent magnet, and the other base plate with the responsive to the magnetic field of the permanent magnet element.
  • Such an element is preferably a reed contact, but may also be a Hall sensor or the like.
  • the first and second components - preferably the first and the second base plate - also advantageously each have one of two non-contact interacting with each other electronic transmitting / receiving devices. These can communicate coded with each other. Therefore, by providing these devices on or in the two components increased tamper resistance achieved.
  • a transceiver device may be an RFID based on transponder technology, two communicating infrared transceiver units, or the like.
  • the locking device is configured in a preferred embodiment such that the influence of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet on the electromechanical or electronic element, which responds to the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, causes the electromagnet to be turned on.
  • the interaction between the transmitting / receiving devices is expediently used to detect the approaching component.
  • a safety circuit is provided, is monitored with whether the signal of the transmitting / receiving device on the one hand and the signal of the adjacent to the electromagnet or within the electromagnet, on the other hand, the magnetic flux in the electromagnet reacting electromechanical or electronic element is present. If both signals are present, the magnetic circuit is closed by the correct yoke plate and the electromagnet attracts sufficiently strong. This information is exactly the information that ensures safety that the danger area is secured and there is no manipulation of the safety locking device.
  • the additional information of, for example, reed contact, which responds to the permanent magnet, can only serve to ensure that the electromagnet is only turned on when the yoke plate rests on the pole face. However, it also forms a link in security surveillance. If there is a foreign pole plate, it can be assumed that there is no permanent magnet in the right place to be able to switch on the electromagnet.
  • the electromagnet is advantageously a pot magnet.
  • This has a central core, which forms a central pole. Further, it has a ring which is connected to the pot bottom with this central core and forms a peripheral pole. Its winding is formed between this core and this ring.
  • the electromagnet is characterized in that the diameter of the central pole at its pole side is greater than the diameter of the core in the region of the winding.
  • the core is in the form of a bobbin, and thus has an annular flange before and after the winding.
  • These flanges form the bottom of the pot on the one hand and the central pole on the pole face on the other hand.
  • the flange in the area of the pot bottom has a larger diameter than the flange in the area of the pole surface.
  • the ring is formed by a tube which is stuck on the flange forming the bottom.
  • the flanges can be placed as rings on a cylindrical core.
  • the thread-shaped core may also be formed from a whole
  • the first component 1 is essentially formed from a first base plate 11 and an electromagnet 13 attached thereto.
  • the second component 2 is substantially formed from a second base plate 21 and a yoke plate 23 attached thereto.
  • the first and second members 1,2 are fixedly and immovably mounted on the base 71.
  • the first component 1 is attached to a solid base 71, in which a closable opening is present.
  • the second component 2 is fastened to a closure part for closing this opening. When opening the opening, the substrates 71 of the two components remove each other and thereby lift the components from each other.
  • the components 1,2 are shown in remote position.
  • the electromagnet 13 is on the first base plate 11 tensile, but movably mounted. The mobility is limited to a pivoting of the electromagnet in all directions about axes parallel to its pole surface 15.
  • This mobility is achieved by the mounting of the electromagnet on the base plate 11.
  • a bolt 31 is attached.
  • the bolt 31 extends through a bore in the base plate 11 therethrough.
  • a head 33 is formed on the bolt. This can be formed for example by a nut or a screw head.
  • a resilient intermediate layer 35 in the form of a rubber part is present.
  • two coil springs or spring washers can be provided, which fill the space between the electromagnet and the base plate 11, as between the head formation 33 and the base plate 11 resiliently.
  • the electromagnet 13 is in each case in a basic orientation. However, the electromagnet 13 will align exactly parallel to the yoke plate 23 when merging with the yoke plate 23 and abut the entire surface. Smaller deviations in the alignment of the two components to each other are collected.
  • the attachment of the electromagnet via a central bolt is important because when pulling the yoke plate 23 from the activated electromagnet 13 because of this attachment, the forces between yoke and electromagnet always coincide with an axis perpendicular to the contact plane and through the attachment point. This ensures that the forces always occur perpendicular to the contact plane and pole face and no tilting moment can act on the electromagnet 13 and the yoke plate 23. As a result, the adhesive forces between the electromagnet and the yoke are optimized.
  • the pivot point about which the electromagnet is pivotable lies on an axis which passes vertically and with respect to the magnetic forces centrally through the pole face.
  • the location of the magnetic force is determined by the electromagnet, not by the yoke plate. Therefore, the yoke plate is as firmly as possible connected to the ground and the yoke plate-carrying member 21. However, it can still be easily pivotally attached. It can e.g. present as an insert in the component 21.
  • the pivotability of the yoke plate must be so tightly limited that the solenoid can join the tilting movement of the yoke plate and therefore do not result in eccentric forces. It should advantageously serve only the initial or sporadic adjustment of the alignment.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 a locking device according to the invention is shown, which has two electromagnets.
  • the first base plate 11 is provided with a bore in which a bolt 31 is arranged.
  • the bolt is in a housing anchored, in which two electromagnets 13a and 13b are integrated.
  • the central axis is in this case a common axis of action of both electromagnets.
  • the second base plate 21 carries two corresponding yoke plates 23a, 23b, which are individually inserted into the base plate.
  • FIG. 4 the views on the pole faces 15 and the yoke plates 23 of the first component 1 and the second component 2 are shown.
  • the winding space of the pot magnets are cylindrical annular spaces, ie have an annular cross-section. This form is most favorable for wrapping.
  • the outer contours of the pot magnets 13 and the yoke plates 23 are trimmed laterally.
  • the ring forming the peripheral pole is made thinner on two opposite sides than on the remainder of its circumference.
  • the electromagnets 13, a, 13b are enclosed in a common, rectangular housing.
  • each may be integrated in a corner of the housing, so that the size of the first component 1 is not too long.
  • the two reed contacts for the two electromagnets can be arranged as far as possible in relation to the other electromagnet, in order to safely respond only to the one electromagnet.
  • the housing with the electromagnet is pivotally mounted on the base plate 11.
  • the reed contact 41 and the RFID element 51 are not integrated in the base plate 11, but in a pivotally mounted on the base plate 11 housing in which also the electromagnet 13 is arranged.
  • this case can not rotate about the bolt 31, a rotation is provided.
  • This comprises a bolt 61 and a receptacle 63 for the bolt 61.
  • the bolt 61 is arranged on the base plate 11 and extends into the receptacle 63 formed in the housing.
  • the receptacle 63 could also be found in the base plate 11 and the bolt 61 may be formed on the housing.
  • An anti-rotation may also be designed differently. However, it should allow tilting of the housing about the pivot point on the central axis by the electromagnet 13. For this purpose, a clearance between the bolt and the receptacle is provided.
  • the yoke plate is designed differently. This is fastened with three threaded bolts 65 and screwed onto these nuts 67 on the base plate. This embodiment is preferred because the yoke plate is adjustable. Thanks to an elastic intermediate layer 69 between the yoke plate and the base plate 21, the relative positions of these parts to each other by the three nuts 67 is adjustable. The elastic intermediate layer 69, a rubber ring, also dampens the bumps occurring when the electromagnets strike the yoke plate.

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée (10)
    avec un électroaimant (13) et une plaque de culasse (23) qui ferme le circuit magnétique de l'électroaimant (13), lequel électroaimant (13) est pivotant autour d'un point sur un axe central avec un boulon (31) fixé de manière centrale à l'électroaimant (13) et fixé résistant à la traction sur une base (11, 71) dans le sens longitudinal de l'axe central, lequel axe central passe perpendiculairement au plan de contact (15) entre l'électroaimant (13) et la plaque de culasse (23) et par le centre de la force de retenue de l'électroaimant (13) fermé,
    caractérisé en ce
    que le boulon (31) est fixé non pivotant à l'électroaimant (113) et que le boulon (31) est positionné pivotant sur la base (11, 71).
  2. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le boulon (31) est guidé à travers une forure dans la base (11, 71) et qu'il existe, sur le côté de la base (11, 71) qui est opposé à l'électroaimant (13), une couche intermédiaire élastique (35) entre une configuration de tête (33) sur le boulon (31) et la base (11, 71) et que le diamètre de la forure est plus grand que le diamètre du boulon (31).
  3. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que pour le dispositif de maintien en position fermée (10) il existe au moins un élément de surveillance (37, 41, 43, 51, 53) pour la surveillance de l'état de fermeture du dispositif de maintien en position fermée (10).
  4. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe, au voisinage de l'électroaimant (13) ou à l'intérieur de l'électroaimant (13), un élément électromécanique ou électronique (37) qui réagit à un flux magnétique pour surveiller l'état de fermeture du circuit magnétique.
  5. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une première plaque de base (11) porte l'électroaimant (13) et qu'elle est fixée pivotante et résistante à la traction sur un support (71).
  6. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'électroaimant (13) est fixé pivotant et résistant à la traction sur la première plaque de base (11).
  7. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe une première et une seconde plaque de base et que la première plaque de base (11) porte l'électroaimant et que la seconde plaque de base (21) porte la plaque de culasse.
  8. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de culasse (23) est fixée pivotante et résistante à la traction sur la seconde plaque de base (21).
  9. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que la seconde plaque de base (31) est fixée pivotante et résistante à la traction sur un support.
  10. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de maintien en position fermée présente deux composants (1, 2), dont un premier comprend l'électroaimant (13) et un second la plaque de culasse (23) et que le premier ou le second composant (2) est équipé d'un aimant permanent (43) et que l'autre composant (1) est équipé d'un élément électromécanique ou électronique (41) qui réagit au champ magnétique de l'aimant permanent (43).
  11. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le premier et le second composant (1, 2), en particulier la première et la seconde plaque de base (11, 21), présentent respectivement l'un de deux dispositifs électroniques d'émission/réception (51, 53) entrant en interaction sans contact l'un avec l'autre.
  12. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'influence du champ magnétique de l'aimant permanent (43) fait que l'électroaimant (13) est mis en circuit.
  13. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que l'interaction entre les dispositifs d'émission/réception (51, 53) sert à la reconnaissance de la distance entre les deux composants (1, 2) ou plaques de base (11,21).
  14. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe un montage de sécurité avec lequel on surveille si le signal du dispositif d'émission/réception (51, 53) existe et si le signal de l'élément électromécanique ou électronique (37) qui réagit à un flux magnétique et qui existe au voisinage de l'électroaimant (13) ou à l'intérieur de l'électroaimant existe.
  15. Dispositif de maintien en position fermée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que l'électroaimant (13) est un électroaimant cuirassé et possède un noyau central qui forme un pôle central et qui possède un anneau qui est relié au fond à ce noyau central et qui forme un pôle périphérique et dont l'enroulement est configuré entre le noyau et l'anneau et pour lequel le diamètre du pôle central est plus grand sur son côté de pôle (15) que le diamètre du noyau dans la zone de l'enroulement.
EP07405275A 2006-10-23 2007-09-12 Dispositif de maintien en position fermée Active EP1916365B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH16772006 2006-10-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1916365A2 EP1916365A2 (fr) 2008-04-30
EP1916365A3 EP1916365A3 (fr) 2008-08-13
EP1916365B1 true EP1916365B1 (fr) 2009-06-03

Family

ID=38969904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07405275A Active EP1916365B1 (fr) 2006-10-23 2007-09-12 Dispositif de maintien en position fermée

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20080094158A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1916365B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008106600A (fr)
CN (1) CN101169018B (fr)
AT (1) ATE433036T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502007000822D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2326140T3 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
CN101169018A (zh) 2008-04-30
ATE433036T1 (de) 2009-06-15
EP1916365A3 (fr) 2008-08-13
JP2008106600A (ja) 2008-05-08
EP1916365A2 (fr) 2008-04-30
ES2326140T3 (es) 2009-10-01
CN101169018B (zh) 2011-07-13
US20080094158A1 (en) 2008-04-24
DE502007000822D1 (de) 2009-07-16

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