EP1888847B1 - Abdichtung einer spundwand - Google Patents

Abdichtung einer spundwand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1888847B1
EP1888847B1 EP05742489.7A EP05742489A EP1888847B1 EP 1888847 B1 EP1888847 B1 EP 1888847B1 EP 05742489 A EP05742489 A EP 05742489A EP 1888847 B1 EP1888847 B1 EP 1888847B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tongue
soil
groove element
groove
broaching tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05742489.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1888847A1 (de
Inventor
Jouko Lehtonen
Jari Laaksonen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Turun Ammattikorkeakoulu
Original Assignee
Turun Ammattikorkeakoulu
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Turun Ammattikorkeakoulu filed Critical Turun Ammattikorkeakoulu
Publication of EP1888847A1 publication Critical patent/EP1888847A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1888847B1 publication Critical patent/EP1888847B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
    • E02D5/14—Sealing joints between adjacent sheet piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
    • E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
    • E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
    • E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
    • E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
    • E02D5/06—Fitted piles or other elements specially adapted for closing gaps between two sheet piles or between two walls of sheet piles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for forming a sealed piling in soil of at least two tongue-and-groove elements, at least one of which comprises a broaching tool.
  • the broaching tool is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element at a distance from the first corner of the tongue-and-groove element, the distance being 0 - 20 % of the length of the first edge of the tongue-and-groove element.
  • a sealing medium feeding device is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element and the tongue-and-groove element is arranged in the soil and sealing medium is fed by means of the sealing medium feeding device in the cavity created by arranging the broaching tool in the soil.
  • Pilings are used for many different purposes.
  • the use of a piling in the form of a support wall is known for instance in waterfront structures such as piers, banks, dams, riverbanks and other corresponding target areas, in which the purpose of the wall is usually to support the soil.
  • the soil on the other side thereof normally forms a load, which the wall has to bear, whereas the other side of the wall can at least partly be open.
  • pilings are used for example as underground impounding walls for separating the contaminated soil-area from clean soil and thus for preventing polluted water from flowing, whereby the tightness of the sealing is understandably an important feature.
  • both supporting the load of the soil as well as watertightness are required of a piling.
  • the features required of a piling depend on the application of use.
  • the production material of the piling is selected according to the application of use and need.
  • Known materials are e.g. steel, concrete, wood, aluminium, plastics and glass fibre.
  • the soil quality of the construction site affects the choice of piling solution.
  • the soil can be for instance clay, sand or gravel. It can be soft or hard, wet or dry.
  • the granular size of the soil is of importance as well as how tightly the soil is packed i.e. what the compactness of the soil is like.
  • the location can also be a waste disposal site, where the soil is often comprised of degradable waste.
  • the problem commonly related to pilings is that they are not tight and watertight enough but water can flow through the piling, usually at the joint of two tongue-and-groove elements.
  • the piling is formed in soil from a group of metal tongue-and-groove elements, which comprise a tubular tongue closed at the lower end by a tip element and a tubular groove showing a longitudinal slot in its housing as well as a web connecting the tongues-and-grooves.
  • a pile shoe which is comprised of an elongated tip element and a collar having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the tongue.
  • the tongue has above its collar flow apertures through which the mortar or corresponding hardening substance fed through the upper end of the pipe inside the tubular tongue the substance is transferred around the tongue in the cavity created by the pile shoe in the soil.
  • the groove is embedded around the tongue along the tongue in the hardening substance, whereby the substance remains between the tongue and groove as sealing and surrounds the groove as well.
  • GB-A-518727 discloses an interlocking sheet metal piling and a method of rendering the joint between the adjacent piles at the interlock completely watertight. This document discloses the preamble of claim 1.
  • the aim of the invention is to achieve a solution which reduces or at least partly eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned above.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a method, in which the amount of valuable pipe material could be reduced in the joints between tongue-and-groove elements sealed with a sealing medium and thereby achieving an improved tightness in the joints with less costs than by using known techniques.
  • a sealed piling is formed in soil of at least two tongue-and-groove elements, at least one of which comprises a broaching tool.
  • the broaching tool is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element at a distance from the first corner of the tongue-and-groove element, the distance being 0 - 20 % of the length of the first edge of the tongue-and-groove element.
  • a sealing medium feeding device is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element and the tongue-and-groove element is arranged in the soil and sealing medium is fed by means of the sealing medium feeding device in the cavity created by arranging the broaching tool in the soil.
  • the sealing medium feeding device is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element by means of an openable fastening device. It is further characteristic for a method according to the invention that the fastening device is released and the sealing medium feeding device is disconnected from the tongue-and-groove element after the tongue-and-groove element has been arranged at a desired depth inside the soil.
  • the further characteristics for a method according to the invention are described in claim 1.
  • the tongue-and-groove element comprises a broaching tool, which can be arranged to form a cavity in the soil. It is typically characteristic for a tongue-and-groove element that the tongue-and-groove element has a fastening tool, to which the sealing medium feeding device can detachably be fastened.
  • a sealed piling can be formed by using a method according to the present invention for forming a sealed piling. It is characteristic for a sealed piling which can be formed by the method that it is comprised of tongue-and-groove elements.
  • a sealed piling is formed in soil of at least two tongue-and-groove elements, at least one of which comprises a broaching tool.
  • the broaching tool is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element at a distance from the first corner of the tongue-and-groove element, the distance being 0 - 20 % of the length of the first edge of the tongue-and-groove element.
  • a sealing medium feeding device is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element and the tongue-and-groove element is arranged in the soil and sealing medium is fed by means of the sealing medium feeding device in the cavity created by arranging the broaching tool in the soil.
  • the sealing medium feeding device is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element by means of an openable fastening device. It is further characteristic for the method according to the invention that the fastening device is released and the sealing medium feeding device is disconnected from the tongue-and-groove element after the tongue-and-groove element is arranged at a desired depth inside the soil.
  • the tongue-and-groove elements can typically be plate-like or pile-formed pieces made of steel, concrete, wood, aluminium, plastic or glass fibre. At least two tongue-and-groove elements are needed to form a sealed piling with a method according to the invention. It is obvious to someone skilled in the art that a required amount of tongue-and-groove elements will be used, such as 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 15 or 37.
  • the soil can for example be gravel, sand, clay, topsoil, waste from a waste disposal site or mixture of some of these constituents.
  • the task of the broaching tool is to form a cavity in the soil when the broaching tool is arranged in the soil with the tongue-and-groove element, the broaching tool being fastened to the tongue-and-groove element.
  • the purpose of the cavity is to be filled by the sealing medium and thus to seal the seam between two tongue-and-groove elements to be substantially liquidtight.
  • the broaching tool is described in more detail below.
  • the first edge of the tongue-and-groove element refers to that edge of the tongue-and-groove element, to a lock element of which the next tongue-and-groove element is fastened.
  • the first edge is one of those edges in the direction of which the tongue-and-groove element is arranged in the soil. In a typical tongue-and-groove element this first edge is a vertical edge.
  • the second edge of the tongue-and-groove element is an opposing edge in relation to the first edge and advantageously substantially parallel thereto.
  • the third edge of the tongue-and-groove element is that which normally remains on the surface of the soil or closest to the soil. The force required to arrange the element in the soil is mainly directed at the third edge.
  • the fourth edge of the tongue-and-groove element refers to that edge which leads when the tongue-and-groove element is arranged in the soil and which advantageously is substantially parallel to the third edge.
  • the first corner of the tongue-and-groove element refers to the corner between the first and fourth edge.
  • the broaching tool is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element at a distance from the first corner of the tongue-and-groove element, the distance being 0 - 20 % of the length of the tongue-and-groove element's first edge, more advantageously 0 - 15 %, very advantageously 0 - 10 %, still very advantageously 0 - 5 % of said distance.
  • the tongue-and-groove element can be arranged in the soil for example by beating, ramming, vibrating, pushing or by otherwise directing a suitable force at the third edge of the element. Arranging the tongue-and-groove element in the soil can also be referred to as installing, driving or sinking.
  • the tongue-and-groove elements are generally arranged in the soil vertically or substantially in a vertical position, however, the elements can also be arranged in the soil obliquely, whereby the angle between the tongue-and-groove element and the "surface" of the soil can be in the range of 0 - 180°.
  • the elements can thus be arranged in the soil for example horizontally.
  • the sealing medium is fed to the cavity by means of a sealing medium feeding device at least partly in an unhardened form, meaning that the sealing medium is sufficiently elastic and fluid in order to be fed by means of a feeding device.
  • the sealing medium fills the cavity and surrounds the first edge of the tongue-and-groove element arranged in the soil.
  • the sealing medium feeding device can be a pipe or a hose, for example, and its feeding head refers to that head of the feeding device through which the sealing medium exits the feeding device into the cavity created by the broaching tool.
  • the sealing medium feeding device is fastened to the tongue-and-groove element by means of an openable fastening device, which can be for example a wire, rope, string or other device suitable for fastening.
  • the fastening device is released and the sealing medium feeding device is disconnected from the tongue-and-groove element and pulled away from connection with the cavity filled with sealing medium after the tongue-and-groove element has been arranged at the desired depth inside the soil.
  • a first tongue-and-groove element When beginning to form a piling with a method according to the invention, a first tongue-and-groove element has to be installed in the soil so that there are no previously installed elements in the soil, to the immediate connection of which the first tongue-and-groove element could be installed.
  • the first tongue-and-groove element is thus installed in the soil without being able to fasten its second edge to a lock tool of another tongue-and-groove element and to the soft sealing medium surrounding it, as this other tongue-and-groove element has not been arranged in the soil in the situation in question.
  • a starting situation of this type occurs if a hardening sealing me-dium is used and if such a long time has passed after the previous tongue-and-groove element was installed that the sealing medium surrounding the first edge thereof has had time to substantially harden and the next tongue-and-groove element can not be arranged in the lock tool of the tongue-and-groove element previously installed in the soil.
  • the second tongue-and-groove element to be arranged in the soil is fitted in the lock tool of the first tongue-and-groove element previously arranged in the soil, which lock tool and the first edge of the first tongue-and-groove element previously arranged in the soil are surrounded by at least partly unhardened sealing medium.
  • the second edge of the second tongue-and-groove element thus substantially meets the first edge of the first tongue-and-groove element.
  • the lock tool may be typically a folding, rail or tubular tool equipped with a longitudinal slot in the edge of the tongue-and-groove element, in which the counterpart of the lock tool arranged in the next tongue-and-groove element can be arranged.
  • the tongue or the groove part can be discontinuous, for example so that the tongue part of the lock tool is a continuous pipe and the pipe of the groove part is discontinuous or so that the groove part is continuous and the tongue part is discontinuous.
  • the openable fastening device of the sealing medium feeding device is released and the sealing medium feeding device is disconnected from the tongue-and-groove element, whereafter the feeding device can be pulled away from the connection with the tongue-and-groove element arranged in the soil.
  • the sealing medium is allowed to harden in the cavity so that is surrounds and seals the joint between two adjacent tongue-and-groove elements arranged in the soil.
  • non-hardening sealing medium can be used for sealing, which surrounds and seals the joint between two adjacent tongue-and-groove elements arranged in the soil.
  • a sealed piling a piling is meant, in which the joints between the tongue-and-groove elements are according to this example surrounded by and sealed with hardening or unhardened sealing medium.
  • sealing medium which does not harden, for example bentonite.
  • non-hardening sealing medium for sealing
  • the tongue-and-groove elements can be removed from the soil when they no longer are needed.
  • the method according to this embodiment can be used for example for forming a temporary piling or temporary impounding wall. After a usage according to this method the tongue-and-groove elements can be recycled and re-used for forming another piling.
  • the tongue-and-groove element comprises a broaching tool, which can be arranged to form a cavity in the soil. It is typically characteristic for a tongue-and-groove element that the tongue-and-groove element comprises a fastening tool, to which the sealing medium feeding device can detachably be fastened.
  • the fastening tool can be for example a hook or a loop.
  • the sealing medium feeding device is detachably fastened to the fastening tool, which entails that the fastening can easily be opened.
  • the fastening of the sealing medium feeding device to the fastening tool can advantageously be opened at ground level after the tongue-and-groove element together with its broaching tool as well as the feeding device together with its fastening tool are arranged at a desired depth in the soil.
  • a wire can be used as an advantageous fastening device of the sealing medium feeding device, which wire can be pulled away from the connection with the fastening tool, whereby fastening of the sealing medium feeding device is released and the feeding device can be pulled away from the cavity and be re-used for filling the next cavity.
  • a lock tool can be used, which is openable at ground level by means of a bar or wire.
  • the fastening tool in the tongue-and-groove element is arranged in the broaching tool.
  • the fastening tool, in which the sealing medium feeding device is detachably arranged is arranged in the broaching tool, advantageously inside the walls of the broaching tool, the feeding head of the sealing medium feeding device is easily arranged to be protected by the walls of the broaching tool, so that the soil can not get mixed with the sealing medium at the same time as the sealing medium exits the feeding head of the feeding device.
  • the fastening tool can advantageously be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the broaching tool, so that the feeding head of the sealing medium feeding device to be fastened to the fastening tool is at least partly protected by the walls of the broaching tool or substantially close to the broaching tool.
  • the feeding head of the sealing medium feeding device can be further away from the broaching tool so that the feeding head is not protected by the walls of the broaching tool, for example in the case of ar-gillaceous soil which does not crumble in the cavity but the cavity substantially retains its original structure created by the broaching tool.
  • the sealing medium feeding device is detachably fastened to the fastening tool by a fastening device.
  • the broaching tool is shaped like a box having one side open so that the walls of the broaching tool protect the feeding head of the sealing medium feeding device.
  • the open side of the boxlike broaching tool is most advantageously that side which is opposite to the bottom of the broaching tool and is limited to the walls of the broaching tool. In a typical operating situation, this open side is the upper side of the broaching tool.
  • the bottom of the broaching tool refers to that side of the broaching tool which leads when arranging the broaching tool in the soil.
  • the broaching tool can advantageously be boxlike or cylindrical and with regard to its walls the perpendicular cross section can be for example shaped like a quadrangle, triangle, pentagon or some other polygon or a circle, oval or ellips.
  • the bottom of the broaching tool can be regarding the walls of the broaching tool and the tongue-and-groove element substantially perpendicular or oblique.
  • the bottom can be advantageously even, more advantageously cone-shaped.
  • the bottom can be tapered towards its end or sharp, whereby when installing the tongue-and-groove element in the soil the friction forming between the broaching tool and the soil is remarkably reduced.
  • the broaching tool is arranged in the first corner of the tongue-and-groove element and in the second corner of the tongue-and-groove element a notch corresponding to the size of the broaching tool is arranged.
  • the notch has advantageously substantially the shape and size of the broaching tool so that the tongue-and-groove element can easily be arranged in connection with the previously installed tongue-and-groove element and at the same depth therewith inside the soil.
  • the second corner of the tongue-and-groove element refers to the corner between the second and fourth edge of the element.
  • the broaching tool has a fastening pin for fastening the broaching tool to the tongue-and-groove element.
  • the fastening pin can be rail-formed or can resemble the lock of the tongue-and-groove element.
  • the fastening pin can also be a split pipe to be arranged around the lock of the tongue-and-groove element. With the aid of the fastening pin the broaching tool can be firmly fastened to the tongue-and-groove element.
  • an additional flange is arranged in the tongue-and-groove element for balancing the arranging of the tongue-and-groove element in the soil.
  • the additional flange can be made for example of steel plate by breaking and cutting-off and it can advantageously be fastened to the fourth edge of the tongue-and-groove element which typically is the lower edge of the tongue-and-groove element.
  • a resistance is formed between the fourth edge and the soil as well as the bottom of the broaching tool and the soil.
  • the purpose of the additional flange is to create a substantially equal resistance as the broaching tool creates in the first corner of the tongue-and-groove element.
  • the additional flange is advantageously fastened to the fourth edge of the tongue-and-groove element at a point which typically is closer to the second corner than the first corner. It is obvious to someone skilled in the art that the size and shape of the flange can be altered if necessary and the fastening point of the flange on the fourth edge of the tongue-and-groove element can be chosen on a case-specific basis depending on the characteristics of the soil, for example.
  • a tongue-and-groove element used in a method according to the invention can be made of a material selected from the group comprising steel, wood, concrete, aluminium, plastic, glass fibre and mixtures thereof.
  • the aim of the invention is to form a sealed piling, which has been formed by using a method according to the present invention.
  • a method for isolating contaminated soil can be performed with such a sealed piling.
  • Contaminated soil can be found for example in waste disposal sites, service station areas or factory areas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Verfahren zum Bilden einer versiegelten Pfahlkonstruktion im Boden aus zumindest zwei Feder-Nut-Elementen (1, 6, 18), von denen zumindest ein Feder-Nut-Element ein Räumwerkzeug (2) aufweist, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - das Räumwerkzeug wird an dem Feder-Nut-Element in einem Abstand von der ersten Ecke (9) des Feder-Nut-Elements befestigt, und
    - das Feder-Nut-Element wird in dem Boden angeordnet und Versiegelungsmittel (7) werden mittels einer Versiegelungsmittelzufuhrvorrichtung in einen Hohlraum, der durch Anordnen des Räumwerkzeugs in dem Boden erzeugt wurde, zugeführt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    - der besagte Abstand 0 bis 20 % der Länge der ersten Kante (8, 11) des Feder-Nut-Elements beträgt,
    - eine Versiegelungsmittelzufuhrvorrichtung (13) wird an dem Feder-Nut-Element mit einer aufmachbaren Befestigungsvorrichtung (37) befestigt,
    - die Befestigungsvorrichtung wird gelöst und die Versiegelungsmittelvorrichtung wird von dem Feder-Nut-Element getrennt und von der Verbindung mit dem Hohlraum weggezogen, nachdem sie das Feder-Nut-Element in einer gewünschten Tiefe innerhalb des Bodens angeordnet hat,
    - ein zweites Feder-Nut-Element, das in dem Boden anzuordnen ist, wird in einem Schließwerkzeug (22) des ersten Feder-Nut-Elements, das zuvor in dem Boden angeordnet wurde, eingepasst wobei das Schließwerkzeug und die erste Kante (11) des ersten Feder-Nut-Elements, das zuvor in dem Boden angeordnet wurde, von zumindest teilweise nicht ausgehärtetem Versiegelungsmittel (7) umgeben sind.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei dem Verfahren nicht aushärtendes Versiegelungsmittel verwendet wird, und dass die Feder-Nut-Elemente aus dem Boden entfernt werden, wenn sie nicht mehr benötigt werden.
EP05742489.7A 2005-05-20 2005-05-20 Abdichtung einer spundwand Not-in-force EP1888847B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FI2005/000234 WO2006123009A1 (en) 2005-05-20 2005-05-20 Sealing of a piling

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1888847A1 EP1888847A1 (de) 2008-02-20
EP1888847B1 true EP1888847B1 (de) 2015-11-04

Family

ID=36699135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05742489.7A Not-in-force EP1888847B1 (de) 2005-05-20 2005-05-20 Abdichtung einer spundwand

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1888847B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2006123009A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE608309C (de) * 1927-11-01 1935-01-21 Cie Intle Des Pieux Armes Fran Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Ortpfaehlen aus Beton
GB518727A (en) 1938-08-29 1940-03-06 Harley Hugh Dalrymple Hay Improvements in or relating to interlocking sheet metal piling
GB570784A (en) * 1944-02-10 1945-07-23 Andrew Hood Improvements in or relating to concrete piling wall units
JPS56111717A (en) * 1980-10-20 1981-09-03 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Joint of steel-pipe sheet pile
JP3095209B2 (ja) * 1995-12-05 2000-10-03 株式会社クボタ 鋼管柱列土留壁におけるアンカ−の施工方法
US5938375A (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-08-17 Sevonson Environmental Services, Inc. Method of sealing joints between adjacent sheet piling sections to form a continuous barrier and barriers formed using said method
FI111404B (fi) 1999-03-17 2003-07-15 Rautaruukki Oyj Ponttiseinä ja sen tiivistys
DE10337127B4 (de) * 2003-04-16 2012-03-08 Harald Gollwitzer Gmbh Pfahl zum Einbringen in einen Untergrund oder Baugrund

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EP1888847A1 (de) 2008-02-20
WO2006123009B1 (en) 2007-02-15
WO2006123009A1 (en) 2006-11-23

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