Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
  • B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
  • B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
  • B23C5/1009—Ball nose end mills
  • B23C5/1027—Ball nose end mills with one or more removable cutting inserts
  • B23C5/1045—Ball nose end mills with one or more removable cutting inserts having a cutting insert, the cutting edge of which subtends substantially 90 degrees
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
  • B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
  • B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
  • B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
  • B23C5/2204—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert
  • B23C5/2208—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert for plate-like cutting inserts 
  • B23C5/2213—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts with cutting inserts clamped against the walls of the recess in the cutter body by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert for plate-like cutting inserts  having a special shape
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
  • B23C2200/04—Overall shape
  • B23C2200/0416—Irregular
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
  • B23C2200/08—Rake or top surfaces
  • B23C2200/085—Rake or top surfaces discontinuous
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23C—MILLING
  • B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
  • B23C2210/16—Fixation of inserts or cutting bits in the tool
  • B23C2210/165—Fixation bolts
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
  • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
  • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
  • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
  • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
  • Y10T407/1908—Face or end mill
  • Y10T407/192—Face or end mill with separate means to fasten tool to holder

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the mounting of a cutting insert on a tool holder.
• a milling cutter is conventionally carried with two cutting inserts clad and attached to respective bottom surfaces of two axially opposed radial housings.
• Each bottom surface has at its center a tapped fixing hole in which a clamping screw is engaged, passing through a smooth fixing hole formed in the thickness of the wafer, for pressing a bearing surface thereof. on the background .
• the screw has a certain lateral clearance with respect to the tapping, to facilitate the screwing, such a screwing can control only one degree of freedom in translation, in the "vertical" direction to maintain the face of the screw. support of the plate in the plane of the bottom of the housing.
• the housing further comprises a sequence of two lateral sides on which two flanks of the wafer abut.
• the framing accuracy is limited because the time needed between the screw and the tapping is found laterally between each side and the facing housing side.
• the present invention aims to provide another mounting solution, offering greater ease of assembly and limiting the risk of incorrect framing in a mill housing or other tool holder.
• the invention relates first of all to a removable cutting insert comprising mounting means provided to cooperate with means of framing associated with a tool holder in order to bring a bearing face of the wafer into a functional position on the bottom of a housing of the tool holder, the mounting means comprising a front surface of repoussement provided for, once the wafer placed in an initial position, approximately functional, receive a thrust force exerted by a section of framing, predetermined direction of travel, belonging to a slide mounted on the tool holder, to frame, by sliding backwards on the bottom, a rear flank of the plate against a rear side of framing limiting the housing, wafer characterized in that the mounting means comprise a lateral slide for framing the wafer and guiding the framing section towards the front surface of repulsion, the lateral slide being arranged so as to form, with respect to the direction of trajectory, a corner of deviation of the thrust force of the framing section towards a longitudinal side flank of the wafer.
• the slide is a movable jaw ensuring the control of at least two degrees of freedom in translation, which allows a prior landing of the flank longitudinally on the longitudinal side of the frame, so that the latter will then form a lateral slide for the longitudinal sidewall.
• the plate is first oriented as appropriate, and its final movement, rear abutment, is a simple translation, without rotation on the bottom of the housing, so that there is no risk of an incorrect final orientation of the flanged plate.
• the framing section which exercises successively the two respectively lateral translation actions, with stop on the longitudinal side which will adjust the orientation of the plate, and rear translation, this does not requires, on the part of the operator, only one action, requiring no dexterity.
• the lateral slideway is indeed a kind of cam that transforms the displacement of the framing section in successive movements of the wafer having the desired direction to frame it to a female corner edge separating the two framing sides of the housing.
• the fact that the slide is guided by the tool holder obviously facilitates control of the steering, pushing the wafer and in particular the control of the angle of incidence on the lateral slide.
• the aim of the invention is to deal with the problem of framing, the problem of clamping in a framed position being hereby appended.
• the slider may be provided for clamping against the bottom, but there may be provided a specific element for this purpose.
• the framing section is generally ball-shaped, as in the example of the detailed description that follows, that is to say if the framing section has two points or areas of contact, respectively with the side slide and the front pushback surface, which are relatively close, the lateral slide has an anterior portion which is located further forward than the front pushing surface, to provide the desired guidance to the latter.
• the framing section comprises a kind of guide rostrum directed rearwardly and adapted to slide on the lateral slide, with, at the base of the rostrum, a shoulder constituting the front surface. of repulsion.
• the frontal push-back surface may be located further forward than the lateral slide.
• the lateral slide and the longitudinal flank for example, have mutually inclined respective directions of extension, that is to say that it may be provided that they constitute a wedge with one of the flanks, that is, ie the lateral slide, will be pushed laterally to press the opposite longitudinal flank against the longitudinal side of framing.
• the lateral slide and the rear frame flank advantageously have respective directions of extension limiting an angle greater than 45 degrees.
• the lateral slide extends in a direction of extension cutting, in plan view, the rear flank of framing.
• the lateral slide constitutes a shoulder delimiting, on an upper face of the plate opposite to the face. support, a plate further limited by the longitudinal flank.
• the lateral slide leads to the frontal push-back surface.
• the front surface of repulsion is advantageously a clamping ramp against the bottom, so that it sets two degrees of freedom, namely the rear frame and the clamping against the bottom.
• a rear slide section of the lateral slide is turned partially opposite the bearing face to serve both of said lateral deviation slide and clamping ramp against the bottom.
• the back section of the slideway can thus be twisted towards the rear, and precisely by turning gradually towards the front and away from the bearing face, so that a final section of the rear section of slide is the so-called frontal surface ramp.
• a rear slide section of the lateral slide provided for a final lateral clamping stroke by the framing section after lateral framing, has a direction of extension different from a direction of extension of a lateral extension.
• front slide section of the lateral slide in order to fix, at the end of the stroke, for a determined length of the rear section of slide, a predetermined deflection value of the framing section.
• the framing section can thus exert gentle lateral repelling at a determined angle of wedge effect, and then exert a clamping force at a different angle of wedge effect.
• an upper face of the wafer opposite to the bearing face, has a stopper against the slider.
• the invention also relates to a machining tool holder comprising means for framing, on the bottom of a housing, a removable cutting insert with a front surface that pushes towards a rear side of a housing - limiting frame and with a lateral slide.
• the framing means comprise means for guiding and holding in position a slide which comprises a framing section arranged for, d ' on the one hand, by sliding on the lateral slide, pushing the plate laterally towards a longitudinal side of the frame limiting the housing and serving as the abutment of a longitudinal flank of the associated frame of the wafer, and on the other hand, to be guided by the lateral slide to the front push-back surface to push the wafer toward the rearward framing side.
• the framing section is advantageously arranged, after lateral framing, to slide on a rear section of slide having an extension direction provided for the framing section to exert, by wedge effect, a lateral elastic return force towards the longitudinal side. framing.
• the lateral bending energy stored by the slider thus makes it possible to oppose the vibrations.
• the lateral slide may have a sliding axis extending direction forming a corner angle of 10 to 45 degrees with a direction of sliding of the slide. Lateral repulsion is thus facilitated, with a "soft" landing on the longitudinal side of framing. If the corner angle is not negligible, the plate will be pushed both substantially laterally and substantially rearward, so that the landing angle will be rather small, facilitating subsequent sliding on the longitudinal side of the plane. framing. If, on the contrary, the corner angle is small, the repulsion of the plate will be essentially lateral and the landing angle will therefore be greater than in the previous case, with however a relatively low berthing speed since the speed Axial advance of the slider will result, due to the reduced corner angle, in a low lateral flushing speed.
• the framing section is preferably slidably mounted in a cutting direction, in plan view, the rear framing side.
• the framing section and the lateral slide are advantageously arranged so that the framing section also exerts a clamping force towards the bottom of the housing.
• the guiding means advantageously comprise a guide hole of a guided section of the slide associated with the framing section.
• a mouth portion of the guide hole is flared in a given direction, or in more than one direction.
• the functional length of the hole is thus variable in each possible radial direction, so that it makes it possible to adjust the cantilever length of the framing section, and therefore, by the same token, the bending moment of the bearing collar of the slide. the framing section.
• the lateral slide has a rear slide section having a certain slope forming, in a direction transverse to the direction of extension of the lateral slideway, a ramp on which the framing section will progressively rise, so as to pass in another radial direction with respect to the guide hole.
• the mouth area of the guide hole may then have a flare in order to increase the cantilever length of the framing section and thus limit the bending stress that it undergoes by the reaction of the rear slide section.
• the guide hole preferably has a sliding axis extension direction defining a direction of depression of the slide away from a general axis of the tool holder, in this case a milling cutter. It can thus be provided that the centrifugal force of the cutter contributes to maintaining the position of the ram pressed into the functional clamping position.
• the framing section can be rotatably mounted relative to the guided section of the slider, so that, if the slider is a screw, the friction of the framing section is limited to its travel in the sliding direction.
• the longitudinal scribing side may be radially internal with respect to the general axis of the tool holder, and may extend substantially in a plane away from the general axis as it moves away in the axial direction. , with a free end of the tool holder.
• the bottom of the housing extends for example in a plane inclined relative to the general axis of the tool holder, thus to better adjust the angle of attack of the workpiece. It can thus, according to the inclination, be provided a so-called positive cut or a negative cut.
• positive cutting angle it is the front end of the wafer, for example in a quarter circle, which comes into contact with the first workpiece, that is to say at the axis general, in the manner of a screw attracting the material by twisting penetration.
• a negative cut the material tends to be repelled.
• the tool holder may comprise another housing having a bottom extending in a plane having an inclination, with respect to the general axis, of direction opposite to that of said inclination of said housing.
• the two associated plates thus exert opposite effects, of attraction and repulsion of the material, which are neutralized at least partially, taking into account the value of each angle of inclination and the possible difference of axial and / or radial advance. between the two plates.
• the housing advantageously comprises an anti-loss stop of the slide, the slide having a determined length and the stop having two opposite ends limiting a ramp surface oblique with respect to a direction perpendicular to a guide direction of the slide defined by the guide means. , said opposite ends being located, with respect to a common point of abutment of the slide on a mouth of the guide hole, at distances respectively less than and equal to a value of length of the slide.
• the back side of the frame can be provided folded to extend substantially at an acute angle relative to the bottom of the housing and thus form a folding ramp of a rear flank of the plate to the bottom of the housing.
• the bottom of the housing comprises a groove for receiving a ridge of the wafer carrying a second end face of repulsion associated with a rear abutment shoulder against an end surface, of rear registration stop, belonging to the groove.
• the tool holder for example a milling cutter, may comprise at least three said housings.
• a first of the housings may be arranged so that a cutting edge of the wafer extends radially to a general axis of the cutter, a second of the housings being arranged so that the associated cutting edge stops at a distance. of the general axis.
• the invention further relates to a method for positioning a cutting insert in a tool holder housing, characterized by the fact that:
• a tool holder is obtained according to the invention and the team of a wafer according to the invention, with frontal surface of repoussement and with lateral slide of framing and guiding of the section of framing towards the frontal surface of repoussement ,
• the slide is slid so that the framing section performs, in a first phase, a lateral alignment of the plate against the longitudinal side of the framing, by sliding with lateral pushing on the lateral slide and so that the framing section is guided to the frontal surface of repoussement to exercise, in a second phase, a frame against a rear side of the housing.
• a direction of extension of a rear section of the lateral slide, of said guidance towards the front surface of the pushback is chosen, so that the framing section exerts, by a wedge effect, during the second phase, a force elastic return towards the longitudinal side of the frame.
• FIG. 1 is a general representation showing an end axial view of the milling cutter of the invention equipped with three plates according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is also a general representation showing a milling cutter of the type according to FIG. oblique perspective with respect to the axis of the cutter, and particularly illustrates an anti - loss stop arrangement of a framing screw and clamping
• Figures 3 and 4 are respectively a partial perspective view and a side view, showing one of the plates, comprising a front ramp and a lateral slide receiving the screw head framing and clamping
• Figure 5 is a top view of the plate of Figures 3 and 4 and a corresponding housing of the cutter
• Figure 6 is a front perspective view of the wafer of Figure 5
• Figure 7 is a partial side sectional view of a variant of the housing bottom and a variant of the wafer.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show a tool holder which is here rotatable in the form of a milling cutter 30 of general axis 31, of symmetry and rotation, comprising, at a front end, a plurality of three housing units 40, 40B , 40C, substantially identical, having respective bottoms 41, 41B, 41C extending in respective substantially axial extension planes, and also radial to the thickness near the associated plates 10, 10B, 10C, relative to the general axis 31, and substantially equi-distributed around it.
• the background 41 has a plane of extension which is supposed to be horizontal, the presentation obviously remaining valid, with the desired transposition, if the elements considered were oriented differently.
• the plate 10 has an upper face 1 opposite a lower face 2, supported on the bottom 41, and three sidewalls, namely an active side 3, delimiting, with the upper face 1, a cutting edge 13 having, in this example, a curved profile quarter-circle front and side attack for a hemispherical size, a longitudinal flank 4, direction of extension 4D, substantially parallel, in position It is functional, at the general axis 31 and radially inner, which is connected, by a corner edge 8, substantially vertical, to a rear flank 5, axially rearward and direction of extension 5D substantially radial.
• the lower face 2 delimits, with the respective flanks 4 and 5, a lower edge longitudinal 24 and a rear lower edge 25, both non-functional.
• the housing 40 has, in plan view, a contour of shape corresponding to the profile of the wafer 10, whose lower face 2 can slide on the bottom 41 which is limited, on the one hand, by a radially inner longitudinal side 44, 44D (Fig. 5), with which the longitudinal flank 4, with direction of extension 4D, and limited, on the other hand, beyond a vertical corner edge 451, is aligned. receiving the corner edge 8, by a radially rearwardly axially rearward rearwardly facing rear side 45, serving as a stop for locking the trailing rear flank 5 when the plate 10 is pushed axially rearward during assembly.
• the framing section 52 also cooperates, and firstly, with the lateral slide 14A, located on the upper face 1 and extending, obliquely laterally, obliquely to the trajectory of the framing section 52 during screwing, to constitute an obstacle so that the framing section 52 laterally drives the wafer 10 towards the longitudinal side 44, in order to first ensure the desired lateral framing of the longitudinal sidewall 4, before reaching the rear registration position.
• the tapered portion 54 extends towards a free end surface 52A, forward and radial, of the framing section 52, by a substantially cylindrical portion 53 centered on the axis 51 and sliding lateral support on a lateral guide surface 43, generatrices parallel to the sliding axis 36, preferably as here in portion of the cylinder, limiting here an external volume of trajectory located above the housing 40 and reserved for the framing section 52.
• the framing section 52 also cooperates, and first, with the lateral slideway 14A, of width having a certain vertical component to constitute a lateral ramp lateral deviation of the traj and the wafer 10 on the bottom 41.
• the lateral slide 14A is thus arranged obliquely on the trajectory of the framing section 52 representing the said external volume of trajectory, geometrically forming a cylindrical envelope, aligned along the axis of sliding 36, so that the framing section 52 laterally drives the plate 10 towards the longitudinal side 44, in order to ensure the desired lateral alignment of the longitudinal flank 4 before the framing against the back side of framing 45 has been made.
• a rear slide section 14N of the slide 14A preferably also extends obliquely with respect to the trajectory, in the space above the housing 40, the framing section 52 along the sliding axis. 36.
• the bending energy actually increases during screwing since the action of the restoring force remains stored, potential, because it can not produce work in the laterally aligned state. It represents an elastic lateral return force exceeding a threshold value to maintain the lateral frame in case of vibrations in use.
• the framing section 52 is therefore, by reaction of the front ramp 14 on which it rises, pushed in the opposite direction to the bottom 41, thus vertically in FIG. 4, with possibly bending in this direction since the framing section 52 is cantilevered with respect to the guide hole 35 and further that the lateral guide surface 43 can not provide a vertical component reaction since it here extends substantially vertically, that is to say parallel to the direction of reaction of the front ramp 14.
• Figures 5 and 6 are respectively a top view and a front perspective view illustrating the relative arrangement between the front ramp 14 and the lateral slide 14A.
• FIG. 5 shows that the wafer 10 to be clamped is initially placed free in a position which is approximately functional with respect to the desired clamping position, that is to say that the longitudinal flank 4 has very approximately the desired orientation, approximately parallel. at the longitudinal side 44, but respectively the longitudinal sidewall 4 and the rearward frame side 5 are at a distance from respectively the longitudinal side 44 and the rearward framing side 45.
• the framing section 52 being initially brought into contact with a front end point of a front slider section 14M of the side slider 14A, the remainder of the slider 14A extends into said outer passage volume of the cylindrical portion 53, way to constitute an oblique obstacle to its progression towards the rear of the cutter 30, during the screwing of the screw 50.
• the lateral slide 14A having a certain height, is arranged so that the framing section 52, during its movement towards the rear of the cutter 30, comes into lateral contact with the lateral slide 14A under a relatively small angle, in view (FIG 5) in a plane parallel to the plane of extension of the bottom 41, so that, in this way, the framing section 52 deviates from its path the lateral slide 14A, with a sufficient component laterally extending towards the longitudinal side 44, by a wedge effect, as shown by the arrow F1 in FIG. 5 starting from the corner edge 8 and cutting the lateral slide 14A and not the rear framing side 45.
• the longitudinal flank 4 is pressed against the longitudinal side 44 before the rear scoring flank 5 has come into abutment against the rear scribing side 45.
• the lateral slide 14A however allows the movement of the framing section 52 to continue towards the rear of the cutter 30.
• the rear slide section 14N of the lateral slide 14A may be provided parallel to the axis sliding member 36, to avoid exerting a significant reaction force on the framing section 52.
• the rear slide section 14N also extends, in view in a plane parallel to the plane of extension the bottom 41, likewise obliquely with respect to the sliding axis 36, at an angle adapted so that the framing section 52 exerts an increasing but not excessive lateral pressure force, that is to say an elastic return by bending of the screw 50, ensuring, in operation, the maintenance of the lateral frame even in case of vibrations.
• the rear slide section 14N may also have a somewhat upwardly facing surface (FIG 6), opposite the lower face 2, ie a ramp up against the bottom 41.
• the rear slide section 14N can in particular rotate progressively, in plan view, in a descending pitch and helix, to tend to orient transversely, that is to say to acquire a frontal ramp component, as illustrated in FIG. 6.
• the lateral slide 14A thus comprises the slide front section 14M constituting a ramp or slideway for deflecting without effort, in a direction parallel to the arrow F1, the traj and sliding of the plate 10 on the bottom 41 to the longitudinal side 44, thus providing the lateral • frame, followed by the rear slide section 14N constituting a rising ramp tending to move the framing section 52 away from the bottom 41, this which ensures the vertical clamping, towards this one.
• the rear framing by pushing against the back side of framing 45, can be provided, by wedge effect, by the rear slide section 14N, if it extends obliquely and somewhat upwards, with respect to the axis of sliding 36.
• the frontal ramp 14 is then optional, since its function is integrated in the rear slide section 14N.
• the lateral slide 14A forms a top view, with the direction of extension 4D of the longitudinal sidewall 4, a vertex angle A (FIG 5) pointing towards the front, that is to say that it is defined , on the upper face 1, a plate forming a trapezoidal relief area 11, or wedge, whose base is axially behind.
• the sliding axis 36 forms, meanwhile, an angle B with the extension direction 44D of the longitudinal side 44.
• the vertex angle A is greater than the angle B, the corner angle C representing their difference , so that, during the translation, towards the rear of the milling cutter 30, of the framing section 52 along the sliding axis 36, with a view to finally coming into contact with the front ramp 14, the cylindrical part 53, sliding on the lateral slide 14A, maintains its axial path by laterally pushing the lateral slide 14A towards the longitudinal side 44.
• 5 represents the relative position of the front segment of traj and 14MT on the slide front section 14M, and not its absolute position by reference. This is because, in view of the side flushing of the lateral slide 14A during screwing, the front segment of the trajectory 14MT has an absolute position, relative to the cutter 30, which is parallel to the axis. sliding 36, according to the FO arrow.
• the rear slide section 14N of the lateral slide 14A can not deviate from the trajectory of the cylindrical portion 53 and therefore exerts on the framing section 52 a radial force that tends to make it flex laterally.
• only a small screwing stroke is provided for the second phase, for sliding, according to the arrow referenced F2 collinear with the extension direction 44D, on a rear section 442 of the longitudinal side 44, between the intermediate contact point 441 and the female corner edge 451.
• the rear marking flank 5 is therefore at a predetermined, relatively low axial end of travel distance from the 45.
• the slide rear section 14N and the front ramp 14 can be replaced by a single equivalent section, that is to say turned partly in three directions, namely upwards, forwards and radially towards the outside, that is to say opposite the low point of the female corner edge 451.
• This low point represents the lower corner of the housing 40 towards which the plate 10 must be pushed by its upper face 1 to ensure the clamping according to the three degrees of freedom desired, corresponding to the three directions of orientation of the single section mentioned above.
• the lateral slide 14A is formed in an extra thickness of the upper face 1, in which is defined the trapezoidal relief zone 11.
• the front ramp 14 blocks a rear end of the groove 14R, that is to say constitutes a final, rearward but frontally oriented, sidewall of the lateral slideway 14A.
• the groove 14R here is of limited depth with respect to a diameter value of the framing section 52, only a lower sector of the cylindrical portion 53 is in contact with the lateral slide 14A, so that at the desired component of parallel force at the bottom 41 for the wedge effect by the trapezoidal relief 11, there is added here a vertical component, bearing on the bottom 41.
• the flexion of the framing section 52 mentioned above thus also has a vertical component , away from the bottom 41. So there is already in the second phase, a clamping effect against the bottom 41.
• the inclination, or slope, of the lateral slide 14A with respect to the vertical is not an essential parameter. Indeed, the framing section 52 could perfectly (except the wear problems) rely only on an upper edge line separating the lateral slide 14A from the zone of the upper face 1 corresponding to the zone of This is in fact the relative position of the framing section 52 with respect to this ridge line which would determine the direction of the force of repulsion and clamping exerted on the wafer 10.
• the conical portion 54 which, as explained above, operates by cooperation with the front ramp 14 closing the rear end of the groove 14R. There is then added a bending component of the framing section 52 away from the bottom 41.
• the trajectory of the wafer 10 is such that it first lands, preferably very obliquely, by gentle lateral repulsion, for example by controlling at a corner angle C between 10 and 45 degrees. on the longitudinal side 44 to then slide on during the second phase, which ensures the maintenance of the lateral contact above through the elastic bending of the frame portion 52 providing a restoring force s Opposing, in operation, to the forces of vibration.
• the shape of the cylindrical portion 53 (or slightly conical to be adapted to the inclination of the slide 14A and better to carry it) is of particular interest in the second phase, to provide a sufficient contact surface to avoid damage during the "hard” contact, under a pressure force on the lateral slide 14A, while the first phase has no "hard” contact, so that a point contact may be suitable.
• the cylindrical portion 53 may therefore alternatively be omitted, its function being provided by the periphery of a cone base portion of the conical portion 54, that is to say of maximum diameter, this basic portion being then become, by the disappearance of the cylindrical portion 53, the free end surface 52A of the screw 50.
• the rear slide section 14N may have, in plan view, an obliquity or increased slope relative to at the slide forward section 14M, that is, locally with an increased apex angle A. In this way, in the second phase, it is then the conical portion 54 that will undergo the bending force component opposite the longitudinal sidewall 4, while simultaneously being able to cooperate with the front ramp 14.
• the front ramp 14 may be provided with a front, low zone, occupying an axially advanced position with respect to the description above, so that the third phase is -entamée during the second phase, or even at the same time, or even before if the final slip, along the arrow F2, of the longitudinal flank 4 on the longitudinal side 44 may have excessive friction which could be defeated only by support and mounted on the front ramp 14.
• the surface of the front ramp 14, each generator here perpendicular to the direction of rise is horizontal, that is to say parallel to the upper face 1, continues, towards the front of the cutter 30, by a same surface but which, while going forward, tilts, or kinks, progressively around the sliding axis 36 to take a desired cant angle to form the lateral slide 14A.
• the horizontal sliding of the plate 10 requires only a horizontal thrust on the front ramp 14 with a sliding of the conical portion 54 on the front ramp 14 which '" will be all the more limited as the angular difference between the direction of the axis of sliding 36 and the plan of extension of the bottom 41 will be low. If this angular difference is zero, the sliding on the front ramp 14 may be zero. The risk of jamming by seizing the section of framing 52 on the front ramp 14 is therefore limited or zero.
• the front ramp 14 and the lateral slide 14A constitute two respective tracks, possibly fused into one, which each have a certain radial offset or offset with respect to the sliding axis 36, the offset decreasing towards the rear because of respectively the rise of the front ramp 14, therefore opposite the bottom 41, and the inclination of the lateral slide 14A to the opposite of the longitudinal flank 4, thereby to provide the two bending directions of the screw 50 indicated above.
• the local radii of the framing section 52 respectively at the point of contact of the conical portion 54 on the ramp 14 and at the point of contact of the part cylindrical 53 on the lateral slide 14A, are obviously removed from the two offsets above, also taking into account the deflection of the framing section 52.
• the abutment surface 19 is here a radial ramp extending obliquely with respect to a radial to the sliding axis 36, that is to say that it has an inlet end section 19E , radially external, radially opposite to a radially internal end section 19A located substantially on the extension of the sliding axis 36 and preventing a relative recoil which would be sufficient for the screw 50, already
• the end portion 19E of the "loading" portion of the framing section 52 is located slightly more towards the front of the cutter 30 due to the obliquity evoked. above, ie axially farther from the mouth area 35E of the guide hole 35, to allow the free end surface 52A to be received against the inlet end portion 19E. .
• the abutment surface 19, horizontally extended in Figure 2 may be provided on the cutter 30, and for example here on the longitudinal side 44, and precisely in front of the lateral guide surface 43, c That is, the abutment surface 19 would then have a direction of vertical extension in FIG. 2 or 4.
• the overall principle is thus that of a rifle breech, in which the ball receiving chamber would be of a size strictly adjusted in length, requiring first to position the end before the ball, then to swivel it around that end.
• the abutment surface 19 could be located on a top roof wall of the housing 40, opposite the bottom 41, that is to say, be, in FIG. 2, on a horizontal rib (18) as drawn but in the high position above the housing 40, being integral with the milling cutter 30 and turned downwards.
• the abutment surface 19 thus constitutes an upstream slideway which serves to bring the framing section 52 into the operative position on the lateral slideway 14A, which itself is functionally situated upstream of the front ramp 14 to guide up to that the framing section 52.
• the desired axial position of the framing section 52 is reached by the fact that the pivoting of the screw 50 makes it progressively penetrate, although still obliquely, into the mouth zone 35E, the penetration advance as a function of the instantaneous pivoting position corresponding to the "axial advance", that is, the slope in plan view, with respect to a normal to the sliding axis 36, of the direction of extension of the abutment surface 19.
• the abutment surface 19 may, if necessary, be slightly pushed forward by the free end surface 52A of thescrew 50.
• the plate 10, or alternatively a wall of the housing 40 comprises the anti-recoil stop 18, anti-loss of the screw 50 which has a determined length, anti-recoil stop 18 comprising, between its two opposite ends 19E and 19A, the abutment surface 19 ramp oblique to a direction perpendicular to the direction of the sliding axis 36 of the screw 50.
• the opposite ends 19E and 19A are located, with respect to the mouth zone 35E, and precisely with respect to an instantaneous point, or current, of stop of the free end of the guided section 55 thereon, at respectively slightly smaller distances and at least equal to the length of the screw 50.
• the frontal ramp 14 has, in this example, a transverse string of a plurality of three facets 15, 16, 17, tangential to a fictitious conical surface having the shape of the conical portion 54, in order to have as many sliding contact generators to limit wear.
• the generatrices above are functionally replaced by surfaces if each facet 15, 16, 17 has a curvature corresponding to that of the conical portion 54.
• the rosary above forms a kind of triptych, the facets 15 and 17, lateral and symmetrically opposed, being slightly folded towards each other and towards the central and bottom facet 16, to form, with the facet 16, a wide open cavity with a flared U - shaped cross - section.
• the frontal ramp 14 may have a decreasing inclination towards a top zone thereof, that is to say in the most close to the rear flank of framing 5, to allow effective final tightening without the user must deploy excessive force.
• the sliding axis 36 is not exactly parallel to the general axis 31, but slightly inclined thereto so that the driving direction of the screw 50 approaches the general axis. 31, so that the axial sliding towards the rear, printed on the plate 10 by the screw 50, is more easily accompanied by a radial sliding component towards the general axis 31, under the effect of the lateral slide 14A, that is to say that the radially inner longitudinal flank 4 also serves, as indicated, plating flank against the longitudinal side 44 of the housing 40.
• the front ramp 14 is at least partially turned to the opposite side from the junction point of the respectively longitudinal and rear lower edges 24, 25, and of the corner edge 8.
• the oblique section 459 may be provided to constitute, with the longitudinal side 44, a kind of flared mouth located in front of a "bottom" section 450 of the rearward framing side 45, that is to say situated on the side of corner edge 8 (Fig. 5).
• the bottom section 450 except for the oblique section 459, can be provided equal to, or even slightly less than, that of the back side of the frame 5 so as to trap it properly between the longitudinal side 44 and the oblique section 459.
• Figure 7 is a sectional view of the bottom 41 and a variant of the wafer 10, in a vertical plane parallel to the general axis 31.
• the rearward framing side 45 may have an extension direction folded at less than 90 degrees towards the bottom 41, for example at an angle R 70 at 85 degrees, to form an upper front rail cavity which, by wedge effect, flap, against the base 41, the trailing edge 5 of the wafer, forming a rostral tip edge 25, which, if , would be able to vibrate because it is not opposed to the front ramp 14, central and therefore does not directly receive the support force. It may be the same for the longitudinal flank 4 with the longitudinal side 44.
• the groove 41R may end with a rear abutment abutment surface 4IB, having the same function as the rear registration side 45.
• the rear abutment abutment surface 41B thus abuts that abutment (14B on the FIG. 7) of the two frontal ramps 14, 14B which is in the inverted position under the wafer 10 and which is turned toward the rear of the cutter 30, or receives a radially lateral shoulder surface 14J of the upside end ramp 14B, shoulder 14J (backward and radially extended) perpendicular to the sectional plane of FIG. 7) which rises towards the plane of extension of the base 41 while going towards the rear of the milling cutter 30.
• the lateral shoulder 14J here drawn in the plane of the front ramp 14B, does not serves as a rear stop and not a front ramp, and can extend in any position plane relative to the front ramp 14B, having any desired inclination.
• the front ramp 14B may or may not be provided to also abut.
• One edge of the groove 41R may serve as a side slide edge and a framing edge, as may be shown for the longitudinal side 44.
• the bottom 41 of the housing 40 may, alternatively, extend in a slightly inclined plane, for example 15 degrees, in relation to the general axis 31.
• another housing 40B, 4OC has a bottom 41B, 41C extending in a plane having an inclination, with respect to the general axis 31, of direction opposite to that of said inclination of the housing 40.
• the housing 40 is arranged so that the cutting edge 13 of the wafer 10 extends radially up to the general axis 31 of the cutter 30, and the other housings 40B, 4OC are arranged so that the The associated cutting edge stops at a distance from the general axis 31. It is thus reserved a central partition core separating the housing 40 from the other 4OB, 4OC, to ensure the strength of the cutter 30.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
• Milling Processes (AREA)
• Knives (AREA)

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• 2005
  • 2005-12-08 EP EP05825982A patent/EP1888282A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-12-08 WO PCT/FR2005/003078 patent/WO2006072681A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-12-08 JP JP2007549928A patent/JP2008526535A/ja not_active Ceased
  • 2005-12-08 US US11/813,362 patent/US7726914B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-12-08 KR KR1020077017672A patent/KR20070094018A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-12-08 CN CN200580046115.3A patent/CN101098767A/zh active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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