EP1882801B1 - Single-leaf head-over gate and suspension system therefor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a single-leaf overhead door with the features of the preamble of the attached claim 1 as shown in US 3,188,698 A is known.

The DE 16 92 017 U1 describes how the FR 15 21 631 C1, a tilting gate with a rigid door leaf, the upper area is articulated via levers to a frame and is guided below the Hebelanlenkung on rollers or the like guide elements mounted on the frame vertical guide rails. The guide elements are articulated at a distance from the lower door leaf edge at the side door leaf edges. By this mechanism, the lower door leaf edge swings in the opening process out of the closing level and protrudes in the horizontal opening position of the door leaf forming a kind of canopy forming out of the garage opening. An advantage of this type of gate, also referred to as a "canopy gate", is the low space requirement in the interior of the garage. Also, no horizontal guide rails or the like must be mounted in the garage interior. The known gates of the generic type are provided with counterweights for Torlaubgewichtsausgleich whose trajectory along the vertical Zargenholme runs and each with cables whose free ends in the Torblattführungselemente attack on the door panel provided. In this area fall protections are provided which secure the door leaf in case of sudden slacking of a cable against falling.

Further examples of fall arresters responding to a slack rope in other types of doors can be found in the DE 195 03 588 C2 and the DE 27 27 440 A1 for overhead doors, the EP 0 172 351 B1 for sectional doors, the EP 0 149 692 A1 and the EP 0 156 415 A1 for roller shutters, the DE 37 10 237 for sectional doors, the FR 24 15 188 A1 for sectional or lifting gates and the DE 44 13 465 A1 for sectional, lifting or rolling gates. The from the EP 0 156 415 A1 and the DE 37 10 237 A1 Removable sectional doors continue to have as weight balancing a mounted above the door opening massive Torsionsfederwelle with two torsion springs.

The DE 92 02 302 U1 describes a single-leaf overhead gate with a gate frame and a rigid door leaf, which is guided with its lower portion on a first of the frame associated substantially vertical guide rail and with its upper portion on a second of the door frame associated substantially horizontal guide rail such that tilts the door leaf in the course of movement between its horizontal opening position and its vertical closed position as a whole. As a power source for the weight balance also acting on a cable counterweight device is provided.

The from the FR 15 21 631 C1, the DE 16 92 017 U1 and the DE 92 02 302 U1 known single-leaf overhead doors are characterized in contrast to the sectional doors formed from several door leaf elements by simpler manufacture and assembly and thus usually also by their cheaper price. In particular, these types of gates can already be pre-assembled to a high degree at the place of manufacture and transported in the pre-assembled state to the installation site.

From the above-mentioned US 3,188,698 A is a lifting sliding gate with a prestressed by a leg spring pawl known.

The object of the invention is to make a single-leaf overhead gate according to the preamble of the appended claim 1 with tiltability of the door leaf even after prolonged or frequent operation safer.

To solve this problem, a single-sheet overhead gate of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 is further developed by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to an embodiment of the invention in which a pawl lever pivots during operation of the door relative to the door leaf, a biasing spring for biasing the pawl lever in the detection position under load during door operation is always in motion.

To avoid a consequent spring breakage of the biasing spring is inventively provided that this spring is claimed in the entire pivoting between the pawl lever and door leaf exclusively on rotation of a spring formed on the coil portion. Loads by constant regional bending of a spring are thus avoided. The spring load is distributed as in a loaded on train coil spring on several turns of a helix region, which rotate with each other.

Such a spring design and arrangement has a particularly long life, so that risks are avoided by spring breakage or at least as far as possible contained.

The provided according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention articulation of rollers or the like in one of the frame associated vertical guide rail Guided Torblattführungselementen not on the lower door leaf edge, but has moved closer to a Hebelanlenkung existing for guiding the upper half of the door leaf lever system and / or the vertical Torblattmitte out several advantages: Firstly, a vertical guide area on the frame and thus the guide rails and any counter-bearing for fall protection are shorter than in further to the lower edge of the door leaf offset guide rollers. On the other hand, the Torbewegungsbereich of the garage interior is further offset outwards - the lower door leaf edge pivots outwardly in the course of the opening movement - so that more space is available, for example for parked cars inside the space to be closed.

Advantageously, attacks on both Torblattseiten one of two cable units of the door leaf with the Torsionsfederwelle connecting cable to which cable units are each formed by a rope or more parallel cables. With the other end The cable units are wound in each case provided on the ends of the torsion spring shaft cable drums or the like winding device.

The attachment of bearing elements of the torsion spring shaft is e.g. directly on the upper frame spar. The dimensions of the torsion spring shaft, i. in particular its outer diameter (if necessary. Also that of the cable drums) is more preferably such that it does not protrude beyond the Zargenholme and that neither outwardly nor inwardly toward the door opening. This compact design allows complete pre-assembly of the weight balancing device of the door leaf at the manufacturer, without the weight balancer interferes with the assembly.

Fall protection devices have hitherto been proposed, at least in part, essentially purely vertically moving door leaves, that is, for example, those of ceiling sectional doors, the lower panels of which carry the majority of their movement in vertical guide rails, or of lifting gates, which are guided upwards in their entirety. Known fall protection devices comprise housings which are fixedly mounted on the corresponding side door leaf region and in which a pawl is pivotally mounted, which is triggered when the rope slackens - usually via release elements which move out of the range of movement of the pawl when the cable is slack. On the one hand, such known fall arresters are complicated in construction and, on the other hand, are not transferable to the tilting or pivoting gates of interest here since these tilting or pivoting gates perform a tilting motion in addition to a vertical movement, but require a door leaf area for arranging the locking pawl. whose orientation remains constant during the Torblattbewegungsablauf to be secured.

By contrast, the fall arresters described here advantageously have a pawl element pivotally mounted on or parallel to the roll axis about the roll axis, which can pivot relative to the door leaf upon tilting of the door leaf and thereby its position relative to a stationary engagement formation, which is detected by the pawl in the event of release. maintains. The fall protection device can also be particularly simple in that it comprises a formed on a pawl lever, pawl which is biased spring biased in the locking or engagement position and which is pulled by the cable tension against this bias to its release position. This can be realized particularly simply by the fact that the door leaf-side end of each cable unit does not attack the door leaf itself, but on the pawl lever and the cable pulling forces on the pawl lever, pulling the pawl into the release position, transfers to the door leaf.

The pawl lever may be formed by an at least two-armed lever, wherein a lever arm is formed as a pawl and has a engagement formation in the locking position engaging engagement portion and the second lever arm has an attack on the cable pulling device. Although it is also a one-armed training conceivable, for example, characterized in that the cable tension pulls the pawl in normal operation against a stop. This should then be designed to avoid a complicated structure on the pivotable pawl element. In the two-armed solution to get out without a stop and with short engagement paths. Particularly simple is the training, when such a pawl lever is pivotally mounted directly on the roller axis of the individual lateral guide roller on each side.

The roller axle is generally parallel to the door leaf plane and preferably also defines the tilting axis for the door. Due to the mounting of the pawl lever just on this axis can be this hold in its release position, for example, in vertical or slightly inclined to the vertical release position during the entire Torblattbewegung. If the rope becomes limp, then the pawl lever moves through the spring preload in the blocking position and then engages in the engagement training, so that the door leaf is still held on its roller axis in the event of triggering.

The engagement training can be particularly advantageous and easy train directly on or in the guide rail for the rollers. In the embodiment just described with the pawl lever pivotably mounted on the roller axle, for example, a region of the guide rail which is parallel to the door opening plane and forms a path for a roller can be provided with the engagement formation. In a particularly simple embodiment, a series of openings is simply provided on the entire course of the guide rail parallel to the gate opening plane area, wherein the engagement end of the pawl is designed correspondingly terminated with an acute angle so that this end in released by slackening of the rope pawl in in the Fall direction seen next opening is introduced and there secures the door leaf against falling.

At the second lever arm, a cable attack is preferably not centrally provided, but off-center, at the engagement training in normal use applied longitudinal half of the two-armed lever, which forms the pawl. This eccentric arrangement provides for a tight rope for applying a torque to the pawl, and against the bias. The eccentric arrangement would be equivalent to a corresponding bending of the lever arms to each other or a corresponding displacement of the lever axis on the pawl lever body. The eccentric arrangement is the simpler manufacturing because of space reasons and currently preferred.

The bias itself is chosen so that it provides sufficient voltage to trigger the pawl throughout the pivoting or tilt angle range of the door leaf, but never becomes so large that it can not be overcome by the cable tension. In the upper area may also be provided a cover to cover the uppermost opening or the uppermost openings against engagement of the pawl. Thus, the gate remains functional even with a slight decrease in the torsional spring tension or worse tuning, yet the manufacture of the guide rail as a piece of an endless profile with a continuous series of openings is industrially advantageous possible. On the other hand, in particular due to the cover, the guide rails left and right identically designed and thus easier to manufacture industrially. Left they are then placed opposite the right arrangement on the head attached to the frame, for example. Welded. The respective uppermost opening, which is necessary on the other side as the lowest opening, can then be secured by an engagement member against engagement by the pawl. Instead of or in addition to a covering function, such an engagement part, which may be formed for example by a clip-on clamp, could also be designed such that it acts as a kind of catch for the roll for holding the door leaf in the uppermost position and providing one for the operator noticeable the opening position marking locking threshold acts.

The gate or torsion spring shaft must be designed to be particularly compact for the arrangement described here. The possible torsion spring (s) may or may not have a large diameter. At the gates of the type in question, the load on the torsion spring is completely different than, for example, a sectional door. at The goals of the type in question is the weight force of the goal to be compensated, namely the same throughout the entire course of the goal. For this reason, you have so far no torsion springs as a counterbalancing device, but counterweights used because their force remains the same, while the spring force of counterbalance springs constantly changes during door travel. Corresponding to the compact dimensions, the torsion spring arrangement of the gates considered here must be effective over a long torsion range, for example more than 20 revolutions. For example, the torsion spring is pretensioned by about 30 revolutions by the manufacturer. The Torsionsfederbelastung is therefore particularly high here just at the beginning of an opening movement. In the first tests, a solid rod was used as a torsion spring shaft to achieve the compact dimensions. Due to the Torsionsfederbelastung such a wave has bent a lot and an egg movement "as a sausage" performed, which has led to restless running, shortened life and unwanted noise.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the drive shaft, which is referred to here as a door shaft, is now executed in sections or entirely as a hollow shaft. The door shaft is thus formed in whole or in sections by a tube. Such a tube has the same mass a larger outer diameter and a larger resistance bending moment than a solid shaft. As a result, the deflection - even with flanges of a drive to the door shaft and the resulting weight - less. A lower deflection reduces the bearing load and thus prevents a safety-relevant failure of the counterbalancing device even with prolonged and frequent operation without maintenance. Nevertheless, can be dispensed with additional support bearing.

The use of a hollow shaft as the door shaft and preferably as a torsion spring shaft of a torsion spring means the above-mentioned for the transport and assembly extraordinarily advantageous design and arrangement of the drive unit within the swept by the frame surface without disadvantages in terms of quiet running and life possible.

In other types of doors with torsion spring waves, the specific problems mentioned do not occur. For example, the torsion spring is biased at sectional doors conically. An eggs to the extent as in the here in question overhead doors with compact pre-mounted power source unit does not occur there. Also sectional doors are pre-assembled in parts and not to the extent that delivered here in question single-leaf overhead doors.

For stability of the Torwelle the largest possible pipe diameter would be desirable. However, this is offset by the available limited dimensions, because the tube must be able to engage in the torsion spring and this should have a diameter smaller than the height or width of the parallel Zargenholmes. In particular, however, the storage of a thick pipe is problematic, because this would result on the one hand for the required compact arrangement too large bearing elements, on the other hand, but also with the diameter increasing bearing friction forces. In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided to provide the Torwelle formed with a tubular profile with different thickness sections, namely thicker sections that stabilize the shaft against bending, and thinner, where the shaft is mounted. Advantageously, the shaft ends stored and thus the end portions of a tubular profile having Torwelle made thinner than its extending between the bearing elements central portion. The training with thinner and thicker sections is possible in various ways. According to an advantageous embodiment, the door shaft is integrally formed with conical transition regions between the sections of different diameters. In a further advantageous embodiment, the door shaft is assembled from pipes of different diameters, wherein, for example, one end of a thinner pipe is inserted into a thicker pipe by means of a (wedge) toothing rotation in a thicker. Instead of splines other non-rotatable connections (welding, splint connections, ...) for the tubes of different diameters are conceivable.

In principle, it is sufficient to achieve the advantages explained above, even if the door shaft is tubular only in the relevant areas for stability. The tube profile also does not have to be circular over the entire wavelength, it could also stability reasons at least in sections, other tube profile shapes (square, star-shaped, with reinforcing approaches, ...) are used.

The advantages of the invention can also be achieved in generic (Canopy) gates whose door leaves and weight compensation devices for mounting on a wooden frame like from EP 0 513 773 A1 removable - to which for further details is expressly referenced - without frame but pre-assembled with fittings.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Rückansicht eines Einblatt-Überkopf-Kipptores in geschlossenem Zustand;

Fig. 2

ein perspektivische Rückansicht des Kipptores nach Fig. 1 in geöffnetem Zustand zur Verdeutlichung des Bewegungsablaufes des Kipptores;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Rückansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer oberen Ecke des Kipptores nach Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

rein zu Erläutenrngszwecken eine perspektivische Rückansicht eines seitlichen Bereichs des Kipptores nach Fig. 1 mit einer Rollenführung;

Fig. 5 - 7

rein zu Erläuterungszwecken verschiedene Ansichten einer nicht von der Erfindung erfassten Absturzsicherungsvorrichtung für das Kipptor;

Fig. 8 -10

rein zu Erläuterungszwecken verschiedene Ansichten einer weiteren, nicht von der Erfindung erfassten Ausführungsform einer Absturzsicherungsvorrichtung für das Kipptor;

Fig. 11

eine perspektivische Detailansicht der Absturzsicherung gemäß der Ausführungsform der Fig. 5 - 7 in besonders bevorzugter erfindungsgemäβer Ausgestaltung;

Fig. 12

eine Draufsicht auf eine zum Vorspannen des Sperrklinkenhebels nach Fig. 5-7, Fig. 8-10 und Fig. 11 verwendbaren Feder;

Fig. 13

ein Führungselement zum Führen der Feder von Fig. 12;

Fig. 14

eine perspektivische Rückansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform der oberen Ecke des Einblatt-Überkopf-Kipptores in geschlossenem Zustand;

Fig. 15

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer bei dem Kipptor nach Fig. 1 verwendeten zweiten Ausführungsform einer Torsionsfederwelle;

Fig. 16

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform einer bei dem Kipptor verwendbaren Torsionsfederwelle; und

Fig. 17

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Teils der Torsionsfederwelle gemäß Fig. 16.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

a rear perspective view of a single-sheet overhead tilt gate in the closed state;

Fig. 2

a perspective rear view of the tilt gate after Fig. 1 in the open state to clarify the movement sequence of the tipping door;

Fig. 3

a rear perspective view of a first embodiment of an upper corner of the tilting gate after Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 4

purely for Erläutenrngszwecken a perspective rear view of a lateral portion of the tilting gate after Fig. 1 with a roller guide;

Fig. 5-7

purely for explanatory purposes, various views of a not covered by the invention fall arrest device for the overhead door;

Fig. 8 -10

purely for explanatory purposes, various views of another, not covered by the invention embodiment of a fall arrest device for the overhead door;

Fig. 11

a detailed perspective view of the fall protection according to the embodiment of Fig. 5-7 in a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention;

Fig. 12

a plan view of one for biasing the pawl lever after Fig. 5-7 . Fig. 8-10 and Fig. 11 suitable spring;

Fig. 13

a guide element for guiding the spring of Fig. 12 ;

Fig. 14

a rear perspective view of a second embodiment of the upper corner of the single-sheet overhead tilt gate in the closed state;

Fig. 15

a perspective view of a tilting the door Fig. 1 used second embodiment of a torsion spring shaft;

Fig. 16

a perspective view of a third embodiment of a torsion spring shaft used in the tilting gate; and

Fig. 17

a perspective view of a portion of the torsion spring shaft according to Fig. 16 ,

This in Fig. 1 to 4 shown one-sheet overhead gate - here a tilting gate - has a rigid door leaf 1 and a frame 2. On lateral vertical Zargenholmen 3 and 4 of the frame. 2 are arranged only over a portion of the lateral Zargenholme vertically extending guide rails 5. At the upper horizontal Zargenholm 6 a Torblattgewichtausgleichseinrichtung 7 is arranged. This is formed by a torsion spring shaft 8, which carries cable drums 9 at its two ends and is biased relative to the Zargenholm 6 by means of a single torsion spring 10.

At the cable drums 9 left and right each formed by a wire rope 11 cable units a Seilzugeinrichtung be wound up. The free ends of the wire ropes 11 each act on a fall protection device 12 which slack when one of the wires 11, the door leaf 1 by engaging formed by a series of openings 13 engaging formations, which are provided along the guide rails 5 set, and in normal operation the Pulling force on the door leaf 1 transmits.

How best of the FIGS. 3 and 4 it can be seen, the guide rail 5 has approximately a J-profile shape, ie a profile shape with a web 5a and two legs 5b and 5c, of which a first leg 5b as the U-legs of a U-profile and substantially perpendicular to the web 5a extending and the second leg 5c as the C-leg of a C-profile forming a roller conveyor is formed channel-shaped curved.

In the in the Fig. 1 to 4 illustrated embodiment, the series of openings 13 is formed at the same distance from each other in the C-leg 5c. The guide rail 5 and thus the ends 5d and 5e are relative to a normal to the guide rail longitudinal direction extending center plane of the guide rail 5 mirror images of each other. In this way, identically designed guide rails 5 on both vertical frame beams 3 and 4 and left and right usable. The respective upper end 5d of the left and right guide rail 5 is provided with a clamp 5f which is clipped onto the end 5d, more precisely onto a first elongated hole 5g extending there transversely to the guide rail longitudinal direction. The bracket 5f engages with its free, an inwardly bent portion 5fa exhibiting end 5fb by a longitudinally to the guide rail longitudinal direction extending second slot 5h in the formed by the C-leg 5c roller conveyor. Further, at the upper end 5d inside the guide rail 5, a roller stopper formed by a rubber pad 5i having a dovetail-shaped end is provided.

The door leaf 1 continues to show how best Fig. 4 can be seen, at its two Torblattseitenrändern 14 on concentric roller axes 15, which extend parallel to the Torblattebene horizontally mounted rollers 16. The rollers 16 are guided in the guide rails 5 for vertical movement. Like from the Fig. 1 - 4th As can be seen, the rollers 16 are not arranged on the lower door leaf edge 17, but near the horizontal center line M of the door leaf 1. Between the rollers 16 and the upper door leaf edge 18, a lever mechanism formed from lateral levers 19 engages the door leaf 1 at its door leaf side edges 14. The levers 19 are at one end stationary to the frame 2 in the vicinity of the upper Zargenholmes 6 and the other end to the Torblattseitenrändern 1 via the guide rails 5 reaching U-profile pieces 35 stored.

In Fig. 1 is the door leaf 1 in its vertical closed position and in Fig. 2 reproduced in its horizontal opening position. In the course of the opening movement, the rollers 16 are guided vertically upwards within the guide rails 5. In this case, the door leaf 1 performs a pivoting or tilting movement about the roller axis 15, which is guided by the lever 19. The Torblattunterkante 17 swings out of the Toröffsebenesebene outwards, which is why you could call the gate described here in principle as a swing gate. In the open position, the rollers 16 engage the clip 5f.

In Fig. 1 the gate is shown ready to be transported from the manufacturer to the construction site and assembled for easy final assembly. The wire ropes 11 sit against the fall protection device 12. There is only one spring 10 for balancing on the inside of the door facing the space to be closed. This is in the form of a torsion spring 10 trained. If the torsion spring 10 were to break, both wire ropes 11 would immediately be relaxed, and then the fall arrest device 12 responding to a slack rope would immediately initiate engagement with the next engagement formation 13.

In the following, various embodiments for a fall protection device 12 are explained in more detail

A first non-inventive embodiment of fall protection device 12 is in the Fig. 5 to 7 clarified in more detail.

Fig. 5 shows the fall protection device 12 in a sectional side view, Fig. 6 in cut rear view and Fig. 7 shows the fall protection device 12 in plan view.

The fall protection device 12 comprises an approximately U-shaped roller holder 20, on which the roller 16 is mounted by means of a bearing sleeve 21. This U-shaped roller holder 20 is attached to the corresponding side door leaf side edge 14 and has for this purpose corresponding screw openings 22. The rollers 16 are guided in the approximately J-shaped guide rails 5. Also mounted on the bearing sleeve 21, namely pivotable about the roller axis 15, is a pawl element, which is designed here as a two-armed pawl lever 23. At a first lever arm 24, the wire rope 11 is mounted. The second lever arm 25 acts with its free tapered engagement end 29 as a pawl 26. As out Fig. 6 can be seen, the second lever arm 25 is formed such that the engagement end 29 of the pawl 26 is disposed within the guide rail 5. How out Fig. 5 can be seen, which shows the fall protection device 12 in the event of slack rope 11, the pointed engagement end 29 of the pawl 26 is angled towards one of the two parallel to the plane to be closed door opening profile leg 5b, 5c of the guide rail 5, so that the pointed engagement end 29 to this profile leg - on the present example of the C-profile legs 5c - extends, in which the engagement formations in the form of openings 13 are provided at regular intervals. The openings 13 have a greater extent in length and width than the engagement end 29 so that it can easily engage in the openings 13.

At the first lever arm 24, the wire rope 11 is not attached centrally, but as far as possible away from the side, from which protrudes on the other lever arm 25, the engagement end 29. In addition, a spring 30 is provided, which the pawl lever 23 in the in Fig. 5 biased engagement shown biased.

When the wire rope 11 is pulled taut, and thus the weight compensation device 7 is effective, the pawl lever 23 is pulled against this bias, the off-center attachment of the door leaf-side end of the wire rope 11 by applying a corresponding torque helps.

The tension of the spring 30 is chosen so that it is also in the in Fig. 2 shown opening position in which the roller holder 20 extends at an angle of about 90 ° to the longitudinal direction of the pawl lever 23, which yes the wire rope 11 attacks, still provides enough bias to trigger the pawl 26 in a slack wire rope 11. In the in Fig. 1 shown closed position, the pawl lever 23 and the roller holder 20 are almost parallel to each other. Due to the rotation, the bias of the spring 30 in this position is slightly higher; but it is still much less than the transmitted through the torsion spring 10 via the cable tension on the pawl lever 23 force that holds the pawl 26 in its release position.

In the Fig. 8 to 10 a second non-inventive embodiment of the fall arrest device 12 is shown. This differs from the first embodiment substantially only by the shape of the pawl lever 23. The function and the other embodiment are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, so that the above embodiments can be fully referenced. In both embodiments, the pawl lever 23 can be easily prepared as sheet metal stampings. The engagement end 29 of the second embodiment is not tapered, as that of the first embodiment, but by a slightly angled tab 27 is formed.

In the embodiments of the fall protection device 12 according to the Fig. 4-10 moves the pawl lever 23 with each opening and closing operation relative to the door leaf 1. The spring 30 is opposite to the in Fig. 6 shown position by 180 ° pivoted pawl lever 23 unstressed and in the in Fig. 6 shown position stretched by 180 °. In operation, the pawl lever 23 moves according to the Torblattbewegung in an angular range between about 180 ° and 90 °. The spring 30 is thus always biased in operation by at least 90 °. Due to the constant burden The spring 30 could lead to failure of the spring 30 by spring break during prolonged use. Such a spring break would essentially remain unnoticed and would have the fatal consequence of the failure of the fall protection device 12.

In the first prototypes you have for the spring 30 in pawls usual narrow - d. H. on touch of their turns - used wound torsion springs. Such torsion springs belong to the group of bending springs whose spring force is achieved essentially by bending and not by a rotation. However, bending can lead to spring breakage during long-term use.

Fig. 11 shows a construction according to the invention, in which a fraction of the spring 30 serving for pawl bias is avoided or at least highly unlikely despite constant movement load during the gate operation.

As Fig. 12 shows, this is the spring 30 a - wound like a coil spring torsion biasing spring with a helical portion 102, where the individual spring coils 104 are wound at a distance such that the turns 104 in the entire Relativverschwenkbereich of 0 - 180 ° of the door leaf Do not touch 1 to be fastened roller holder 20 and the pawl lever 23. The spring 30 further comprises a first spring leg 106 for detecting the pawl lever 23 and a second spring leg 108 for engagement with the roll holder 20.

Next is between the roller axis 15, more precisely between the in Fig. 11 not to be seen bearing sleeve and the spring 30 is a female member 110 used in Fig. 13 is shown individually. This sleeve element 110 serving as a spring guide element has a tubular or sleeve-shaped section 112 and a connection part, here in the form of a clothespin-shaped guide or detection section 114. The detecting portion 114 has a recess 116 into which the first spring leg 106 is inserted.

In this way, the sleeve member 110 always moves together with the first spring leg 106 and, since this engages positively in an opening in the pawl lever 23, also always with the pawl lever 23. The detection portion 116 performs the first spring leg 106 on a circular motion to a to the sleeve-shaped portion 112 concentric axis. This prevents the first spring leg 106 from being bent relative to the coil portion 102 without twisting thereof. A Relatiwerschwenkung the pawl lever and the roller holder Therefore, only leads to a rotation of the coil portion 102 and not to a bending of the spring leg 106. In this way, the spring 30 is always loaded on rotation and not on bending. In this case, the helical region 102 never lies directly on a sleeve which moves relative to the first spring leg, for example the bearing sleeve 21, but at most on the sleeve-shaped section 112, which moves along with the first spring limb 106.

In non-illustrated embodiments, the tubular or sleeve-shaped portion 112 extends only partially into the helical region 102, so that the windings 104 located near the second spring leg 108 may at least reduce the diameter of the helical region 102 relative to the roll holder 20 and thus relatively to the second spring leg 108 non-moving part, namely, for example, the bearing sleeve 21 rests, while windings 104 near the first spring leg 106 when reducing the diameter of the coil portion 102 at most rest on the sleeve-shaped portion 112.

However, the helical portion 102, the bearing sleeve 21 and the tubular or sleeve-shaped portion 112 are dimensioned so that the spring 30 in an arrangement in which it reduces its diameter in the tensioned state, even at maximum tension (180 ° Relativerdrehung between pawl lever 23 and roller holder 20) does not rest on elements 110, 21 inserted in the helical region 102.

The female member 110 may be made of any suitable material, preferably solid plastics.

The following will now be based on the FIGS. 14 to 17 advantageous embodiments of the weight compensation device 7 used here as a power source explained in more detail.

The torsion spring 10 of the weight balancing device 7 has, for example, an inner diameter of about 30 to 40 mm, preferably about 35 mm. Therein, the torsion spring shaft 8 is introduced. The torsion spring shaft 8 is mounted with its end portions 50 mounted on the frame 2 bearing elements 51. The bearing elements 51 are substantially U-shaped with a web 52 secured to the frame 2 and two respective bearings 54 for the end portion 50 having U-legs 53. The cable drum 9 is arranged between each of the two U-legs 53.

The torsion spring shaft 8 is in the in FIGS. 14 to 17 shown embodiments as a hollow shaft tubular. This reduces an inclination of the torsion spring shaft 8 to bend under load of the uneven bias of the torsion spring 10 in the Torverlauf.

The tubular torsion spring shaft 8 should, to have stability, have a diameter of more than 20 mm, preferably of about 25 mm or more. On the other hand, a drive or the like should be flanged to the equipped with tubular profile torsion spring shaft 8 at one of its end portions 50. This would normally be done via an annular flange and bolting. With a diameter of 25 mm, however, the ring flange already exceeds the dimensions of the frame (for example, the upper frame spar). For this reason, the tubular torsion spring shaft 8 is made thicker in its central portion 55 (e.g., approximately 25 mm in diameter) and tapered toward its end portions 50, for example, to a diameter of approximately 15 mm. The torsion spring shaft 8 is at its thinner portions, i. here the end sections 50, stored. As a result, there is significantly less bearing friction and less bearing resistance because of the smaller pipe diameter. On the other hand, the large pipe profile has a stability advantage. This is particularly advantageous for gates with drive. You have a stable tube profile in the middle and a dilute tube profile at the end.

In the in the FIGS. 14 and 15 shown embodiment of the tubular torsion spring shaft 8, this is formed by a one-piece tube 56. The tube 56 has two smaller diameter end portions 50, the larger diameter middle portion 55, and a conical transition region 57.

The production of this tube 56 is done as follows: The tube 56 is pulled. Between the thin and the thick diameter, there is a conical transition zone in the transition region 57, the angle of the conical piece to the horizontal is approximately 15 to 20 °. The longitudinal extension of the conical transition amounts to, for example, 35-45 mm, preferably about 40 mm.

In the FIGS. 16 and 17 Yet another embodiment of a usable as a torsion spring shaft 8 hollow shaft is shown. Also, it has the thicker middle portion 55 and the thinner end portions 50. However, the sections 55, 50 of different diameters are formed by individual tubes 58, 59. The end portions 50 forming thinner tubes 58 each have a spline 60 at one end. That the middle section 55 forming thicker tube 59 is formed at its two ends with corresponding internal toothing, in which engage the splined ends of the thinner tubes 58 in the assembled state.

The described embodiments of fall protection devices 12 and weight compensation devices 7 are also suitable for a similar as in Fig. 1 built goal with lower rollers and upper lever mechanism, which does not swing out, so is stored at the lower gate edge in the vertical track, or for a goal with two pairs of rollers - such as in the DE 100 05 745 A1 to which express reference is made for further details.

Another embodiment of a door is obtained by replacing the frame 2 shown in the drawings by a - if necessary already existing on-site or be prepared - wooden frame. The door leaf 1 is then analogous to that in the EP 0 513 773 A1 (see in particular the 4 to 6 and the accompanying text) shown and described Torblatt delivered with its fittings pre-assembled to the site. <B> LIST OF REFERENCES </ b> 1 door leaf 19 lever 2 frame 20 U-shaped roller holder 3 left vertical frame spar 21 bearing sleeve 4 right vertical frame spar 22 screw holes 5 guide rail 23 Ratchet lever 5a web 24 first lever arm 5b first leg (U-leg) 25 second lever arm 5c second leg (C-leg) 26 pawl 5d top end 27 angled flap 5e lower end 29 engaging end 5f clip 30 Spring for biasing the pawl 5fa curved area 5FB free end 42 Normal operating position, release position of the pawl lever 37 5g first slot 5h second slot 5i rubber buffers 50 end 6 Upper horizontal frame spar 51 bearing element 7 Torblattgewichtsausgleichseinrichtung 52 web 53 U-leg 8th torsion spring 54 camp 9 cable drum 55 middle section 10 torsion spring 56 one-piece tube 11 Wire rope 57 Transition area 12 Fall guard 58 thinner pipe 13 Openings (intervention training) 59 thicker tube 14 Torblattseitenränder 60 spline 15 roller axis 102 Wendel area 16 role 104 turns 17 lower door leaf edge 106 first spring leg 18 upper door leaf edge 108 second spring leg 110 female member 114 detecting section 112 tubular or sleeve-shaped section 116 deepening M horizontal door leaf centerline

Claims (9)

1. Single-leaf overhead tilt or up and over door, comprising:

   a rigid door leaf (1),

   a frame (2) in which the door leaf (1) is guided,

   a Bowden cable device (11,9) comprising on each side of the door leaf a respective cable unit constituted by a traction mechanism, particularly a cable and more particularly a steel cable (11), or by several parallel guided traction mechanisms, and engaging the door leaf (1) on one end and a power source,

   particularly a balancing device (7), on the other end, and

   an anti-drop device (12), which secures the door leaf (1) against crashing down if one of said cable units (11) slackens and which comprises a pawl lever (23), which is directly or indirectly supported on the door leaf so as to pivot relative to the door leaf (1) during the opening or closing operation and which is resiliently pre-loaded in the locking position by means of a spring (30) and

   which is engaged by the door leaf-side end of the Bowden cable device (11, 9), wherein the cable tension forces are transmitted to the door leaf (1) via the pawl lever (23) and said pawl lever is held in the release position against the pre-load of the spring, through the cable tension of the Bowden cable device (11),

   wherein the spring coils (104) of the spring (30) at least partly surround an insert (110, 112) that moves along with the pawl lever (23) so that the spring (30) for pre-loading the pawl lever of the anti-drop device is exclusively subject to twisting loads of its spiral region (102) within the entire pivoting range between the pawl lever (23) and the door leaf (1),

   characterized in

   that the door leaf is configured in such a manner that it upwardly tilts as a whole from a substantially vertical closed position to a substantially horizontal opened position,

   that the insert is formed by a sleeve element (110) that moves along with the pawl lever,

   that the sleeve element (110) includes a bearing part (112) inserted between the spring (30) and a bearing sleeve (21) for the pawl lever (23), and a connecting part (114) that can be connected to the pawl lever (23) and that the spiral region (102) has an inner diameter such that it does not substantially bear on the insert (110) penetrating the spring within the entire pivoting range between the pawl lever (23) and the door leaf (1).
2. Door according to claim 1,
   characterized in that the connecting part has a peg-like gripping section (114) preferably formed on one end of the sleeve element (110), said gripping section (114) receiving the pawl-side spring leg (106) of the spring (30) configured as a leg spring wound in spaced-apart manner.
3. Door according to one of the preceding claims, configured as a tilt door, characterized in that the door leaf (1) as a whole can be upwardly tilted from a substantially vertical closed position to a substantially horizontal opened position,
   that the frame (2) is assigned guide rails (5) running in a vertical direction for a pair of door guiding elements hinged to the door leaf (1) for guiding the door vertically, in particular for a pair of rollers (16) laterally coupled to the door leaf (1) for rotatably guiding the door leaf (1) about a roller axis (15), and a lever system (19) supported on one end in a stationary manner with respect to the door frame (2) and on the other end on the lateral door leaf rims (14) of the door leaf (1) above the contact point of the door leaf guiding elements (16), that the anti-drop device (12) secures the door leaf (1) against crashing down if one of the cable units (11) slackens,
   and that the balancing device (7) is formed by a torsion spring shaft (8), which is fixed to the frame (2) so as to extend along an upper horizontal frame element (6) and which comprises only one torsion spring (10).
4. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual windings (104) of the spiral region (102) are wound in such a manner that the same do not bear on each other in the relaxed state.
5. Door according to claim 3 or according to claim 3 and one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rollers (16) are disposed closer to the center of the vertical lateral rims (14) of the door leaf than to the lower edge (17) of the door leaf in the lower half of the door leaf (1).
6. Door according to claim 3 or according to claim 3 and one of the preceding claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the pawl lever (23) is supported for pivoting about the common roller axis (15) of said two rollers (16).
7. Door according to claim 1 or according to claim 1 and one of the preceding claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the pawl lever (23) has two lever arms (24, 25), wherein the Bowden cable device (24) engages on a first one (24) of these lever arms, and the pawl (26) is formed on the second lever arm (25) for engaging with one of openings (13) distributed over the guide rail (5).
8. Door according to claim 7, characterized in that the Bowden cable device (11) engages on the first lever arm (24) eccentrically on the longitudinal half of the pawl lever (23) which, in normal use, is turned away from the openings (13).
9. Door according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 8, characterized in that the openings (13) are formed in a region of the frame (2) to be arranged parallel to the plane of the door opening to be closed by the door, in particular in a guide region (5c) of a guide rail (5) forming a track for guide rollers (16) of the door leaf.

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