EP1878979B1 - Procédé et dispositif destinés à la ventilation contrôlée contre la moisissure - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés à la ventilation contrôlée contre la moisissure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1878979B1
EP1878979B1 EP07013538A EP07013538A EP1878979B1 EP 1878979 B1 EP1878979 B1 EP 1878979B1 EP 07013538 A EP07013538 A EP 07013538A EP 07013538 A EP07013538 A EP 07013538A EP 1878979 B1 EP1878979 B1 EP 1878979B1
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Prior art keywords
room
temperature
relative air
unit
outside
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EP07013538A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1878979A1 (fr
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Josef Penning
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
    • F24F11/523—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays for displaying temperature data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
    • F24F11/526—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays giving audible indications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • F24F2110/22—Humidity of the outside air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlled ventilation of a room.
  • the EP 0 313 169 A1 deals with the ventilation of enclosed spaces to control the relative humidity, eg. B. in greenhouses.
  • the criterion used is a relative air humidity which is calculated from the vapor concentration at the dew point of a cold bridge to the vapor concentration of the dew point of the internal air. This value is compared with the measured relative humidity inside to make a fan or air conditioner.
  • the basic criterion for controlling the relative humidity within the house is a so-called mixing ratio (mixratio MR), ie the ratio of steam mass to dry air mass. This ratio is calculated for both indoor and outdoor air temperatures from the indoor and outdoor temperatures and the relative humidities of the indoor and outdoor air. If the ratio of the outside air is smaller than the ratio of the inside air, it will be vented.
  • Another control mode for relative humidity is based on the dew point on the window pane, which is calculated from the thermal insulation and the outside temperature.
  • the target size selected is a dew point of the internal air, which is five degrees below the dew point of the window pane. It is ventilated so much that the actual dew point never exceeds this target size.
  • a fan control on the one hand, a maximum internal relative humidity is set and on the other hand, the temperatures inside and outside, the relative humidities inside and outside and the Surface temperature of a place endangered for mold formation are measured.
  • the partial pressures inside and outside, the saturation pressure inside and the dew point temperature inside are calculated from these variables.
  • the basic requirement for switching on the fan is that the relative humidity inside has exceeded the set limit. If this is the case, it is ventilated if either the partial pressure inside is greater than the partial pressure outside or if the dew point temperature of the inside air is greater than the surface temperature of the place threatened by mold formation.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus which allow to more efficiently reduce the risk of moisture damage in rooms.
  • An important step is to determine the minimum surface temperature within the room, since it depends on whether moisture condenses in the room, first at the point where the surface temperature is lowest.
  • the current maximum allowable relative humidity can be calculated, where moisture would not condense anywhere in the room.
  • the maximum permissible relative humidity at which condensation can be avoided can be determined. If the actual relative humidity within the room exceeds the maximum permissible relative humidity, a ventilation process is initiated. As soon as the relative humidity within the room is below the current maximum permissible relative humidity, the ventilation process is ended.
  • the method described here allows targeted ventilation, as soon as there is a risk of moisture condensation, but nevertheless the humidity would not be further increased by airing, as z. B. in exceptionally humid weather or rain would be the case. As a result, moisture damage, in particular mold fungus formation can be effectively avoided. At the same time, as airing is stopped after a permissible relative humidity within the room has been reached, it is ensured at the same time that as little energy as possible is wasted as a result of excessive ventilation.
  • the method described here is suitable not only for the ventilation of a single room, but also for the ventilation of a dwelling or an entire building.
  • this method can then be carried out in any room, in the rooms with particularly high risk of condensation of moisture or only in the room with the greatest risk of condensation.
  • the risk of condensation of moisture from the indoor air is particularly high in places of poor thermal insulation.
  • the initiation of a ventilation process and its termination by a visual and / or acoustic signal is displayed to a resident or other user of the respective room.
  • the efficiency of the process can be increased by automatically operating a fan unit.
  • the minimum heat transfer coefficient of the room is determined taking into account the associated heat transfer resistance, and from this, as well as from the temperature within the room and outside the room, the current minimum surface temperature is calculated.
  • the heat transfer coefficient U [W / m 2 K] is defined in DIN 4108 and is generally known for the individual parts of the room.
  • the point with the maximum heat transfer coefficient U is the point at which the lowest thermal insulation effect is detectable, in other words the thermal vulnerability of the room.
  • Condensation first occurs at the minimum surface temperature site (s). Depending on whether the outside temperature is higher than the inside temperature or vice versa, the minimum surface temperature may increase set different places in a room. If it is warmer inside the room than outside, the minimum surface temperature can be found at the point (s) with maximum heat transfer coefficient. However, if the temperature outside the room is higher than inside, the minimum surface temperature will be at the minimum heat transfer coefficient locations.
  • the advantage of the procedure described here is that costly separate measurements of the surface temperature can be dispensed with. This is particularly important if the thermal vulnerability of the room is located in a difficult or not accessible place, such as behind a built-in closet.
  • a venting operation is initiated, if not only the relative humidity within the room is higher than the calculated maximum allowable relative humidity, but also the temperature outside the room is lower than the temperature within the room.
  • a maximum temperature is set and is additionally ventilated if the temperature within the room exceeds the predetermined maximum temperature and the temperature outside the room falls below it. This not only reduces the saturation of the air with moisture and thus the relative humidity within the room, but also ensures that the internal temperature does not exceed a certain temperature, which for example in electronics or computer rooms, in museums, storage rooms, but also for the Well-being of the people in the rooms can be of importance.
  • a temperature target range is determined and is additionally cooled or heated when exceeding or falling below this temperature target range within the room. This can again be done manually or automatically. If the respective room is mainly used by people, the temperature target range can be based on the temperature range in which these people feel particularly comfortable or at least comfortable. For objects or electronic devices, the temperature target range is based on the temperatures allowed for these objects or electronic devices.
  • a target range of relative humidity can be set and can also be dehumidified or humidified when exceeding or falling below this target range of relative humidity within the room, the room air, wherein the selected range of values also depends on the use of the room.
  • the desired range in particular in relation to the relative humidity, so that the current relative humidity inside the space should be below the calculated maximum permissible relative relative humidity when the target range is maintained.
  • a limit for the carbon dioxide content is set, the carbon dioxide content measured within the room and is released when the limit is exceeded. Since a too high carbon dioxide content can be harmful to health, it can be harmful in this Embodiment also come to ventilation operations when the current relative humidity within the room is below the calculated maximum allowable relative humidity.
  • the temperatures inside and outside the room as well as the relative humidity inside and outside the room can be measured continuously or at certain time intervals.
  • the measurement results are forwarded to the control unit and evaluated there:
  • the minimum surface temperature which can be determined either from the measured temperatures, the heat transfer coefficient and the heat transfer resistance, as already described, the maximum permissible relative humidity is calculated and with the measured value compared.
  • the minimum relative air humidity that can be achieved by ventilation is calculated within the room.
  • the unit for activating a ventilation process is activated to condense the Moisture from the indoor air and long term to avoid moisture damage and mildew. If the measured relative humidity is less than the calculated relative humidity, the unit will not activate or deactivate if it has already been activated, in order to save energy especially in the cold seasons.
  • a temperature measuring unit can be provided which measures the current surface temperature at hazardous locations within the room and forwards this value to the control unit as the minimum surface temperature, or the existing temperature measuring unit for measuring the internal temperature can be additionally used in this way.
  • the unit for initiating a ventilation process may be a signal unit which indicates to users of the room via acoustic and / or visual signals that it is necessary to ventilate. In a preferred embodiment, however, the unit for initiating a ventilation process is designed as an automatic fan unit. This will more effectively prevent moisture damage.
  • the device has a heating unit and / or a cooling unit and the control unit is set up in such a way that it activates the heating unit or the cooling unit, if the temperature within the room falls below or exceeds a predetermined temperature target range.
  • the device preferably has an air humidifier unit and / or an air dehumidifier unit and the control unit is set up in such a way that it activates the air humidifier unit or the dehumidifier unit if the relative air humidity inside the room falls below or exceeds a specified target range of the relative air humidity.
  • the apparatus advantageously comprises a carbon dioxide measuring unit and the control unit is arranged to activate the unit to initiate a venting operation if the carbon dioxide content within the room exceeds a fixed limit of carbon dioxide content.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method for controlled ventilation of a room, in which the carbon dioxide content of the air and compliance with a comfortable indoor climate are taken into account. In addition, the energy consumption is minimized because there are no unnecessary ventilation processes.
  • the room air has a maximum relative humidity of 80% when cooled to the temperature of the coldest surface, and the maximum permissible relative humidity within the Room calculated accordingly.
  • limit values other than 80% relative humidity at the temperature of the coldest surface may be selected. It should be remembered that the closer the limit is to 100%, the greater the risk that moisture will be condensed cold surfaces. The further the limit value of 100% is removed, the higher is the heating energy consumption, since ventilation processes occur more often and longer. These two aspects must be weighed against each other in choosing this limit for the actual implementation of the procedure.
  • the surface temperature depends on the outside air temperature Ta measured in step 101, on the inside air temperature Ti measured in step 102, and on the above-described heat transfer coefficient Uf determined in the apparatus of the ventilation system and set in the control unit (FIG. see also step 104).
  • the heat transfer coefficient U flowing into the heat transfer coefficient depends on the building substance, in particular on its thermal conductivity and thickness.
  • the thermal transmittance Uf can also be determined experimentally by measuring the surface temperature in the area with the worst heat transfer coefficient or, where applicable, in areas with very poor heat transfer coefficients to find the site with the lowest surface temperature, and from this and the temperature difference between inside and outside Uf calculated: Uf - 10 ⁇ Ti - min ⁇ TiO / Ti - Ta with Ti temperature inside, Ta temperature outside and minTiO minimum surface temperature inside. In order to increase the accuracy of the experimental determination of Uf, this should be done on a day when the temperature difference between inside and outside is about 20 ° or more, blowing as little wind as possible, and at a time of day when the building exterior shell is not affected by the Sun was heated. In the following, the determined Uf value is then used in order to determine the current minimum surface temperature minTiO as a function of Ti and Ta.
  • FIG. 5b is not differentiated according to whether the currently measured internal temperature is above the currently measured outdoor temperature or vice versa, but each time calculates a value for the minimum surface temperature for both the smallest and the largest determined heat transfer coefficient (step 211).
  • the current minimum surface temperature minTiO is continued with the lowest calculated value (213).
  • the user has already entered a desired target temperature Tisoll, the minimum relative humidity min3rFi to be maintained and the maximum relative humidity max3rFi to be maintained within the room, which should in no case be undershot or exceeded.
  • temperature and relative humidity values T1opt to T4opt and rF1opt to rF4opt which define an optimum comfort area and temperature and relative humidity values T1beh to T8beh and rF1 to rFbeh8 which define a comfort area.
  • FIG. 4 By way of example, such a comfort diagram is shown with conventional values.
  • the inner square with the basic value pairs 1, 2, 3, 4 defines the optimal comfort range.
  • Around the optimal comfort area is the simple comfort area, which is defined by the basic value pairs 1 to 8.
  • the respective current surface temperature is determined for the individual areas of the room with different U-values and this is summarized to an average surface temperature value. This is in turn averaged with the air temperature inside the room to maintain the sensed temperature. Heating, cooling and venting operations can then be controlled in relation to a setpoint for the sensed temperature.
  • the current maximum and minimum relative humidity maxrFibeh, minrFibeh and the maximum temperature maxTibeh and the minimum temperature minTibeh are determined from the comfort diagram, in which it is still comfortable in the room.
  • the current internal temperature Ti corresponds to the setpoint temperature value Tsoll or not (see step 106).
  • Tsoll the minimum temperature minTibeh may be set. If the inside temperature Ti is below the target temperature Tset and lower than the outside temperature Ta, the temperature is raised by venting (see 107, 128). If it is colder outside than inside, heating is in progress (see 108). If the internal temperature is above the setpoint temperature anyway, a heating process is terminated if one was in progress (see 105).
  • the internal temperature Ti is in the range of the maximum comfortable temperature maxTibeh or not (see 110). If the internal temperature Ti is above the maximum comfortable temperature maxTibeh and above the outside temperature Ta, the temperature is reduced by venting (see 111, 128). If it is warmer outside than inside, refrigerate (see 112). If the indoor temperature is below the maximum comfortable temperature anyway, cooling will stop if one is in progress (see 109).
  • the relative humidity rFi within the room is examined more closely. If the relative humidity within the room or the minimum relative air humidity min2rFi that can be achieved by ventilation is below the minimum relative humidity to be maintained within the minrFi space, air is vented (see 113, 128).
  • minrFi can be defined as the minimum comfortable relative humidity minrFibeh, taking into account the comfort field, or otherwise defined as the set value min3rFi.
  • both the relative air humidity within the room rFi and the minimum relative humidity min2rFi achievable by ventilation are above minrFi (see 113)
  • maxrFi can be defined as the maximum comfortable relative humidity maxrfibeh or otherwise defined as the set value max3rFi. If at least one of these conditions is not fulfilled, air is released (see 128). If all these conditions are met, the air may be humidified or dehumidified using a humidifier or dehumidifier (see 115 to 120).
  • the room air is humidified (see 117) or not or a humidification process is terminated (see 115 ). If no air humidification is necessary, it is still checked whether an air dehumidification process may be necessary, because the minimum relative air humidity min2rFi which can be achieved by ventilation is still above the maximum relative humidity maxrFi to be maintained (see 118, 119, 120).
  • FIG. 2 schematically an embodiment of a device 1 for performing the method just described is shown. It has a measuring component 2 for measurement the outside temperature and the relative humidity of the outside air, a measuring component 3 for measuring the internal temperature and the relative humidity of the room air and a measuring unit 4 for measuring the carbon dioxide content of the room air.
  • the measuring units 2, 3, 4 are connected to a central controller 7, which evaluates the measurement results as described above and, taking into account the above set data, controls the further units connected to the controller 7, namely the heater 8, the cooler 9 automatic fan 10, which optionally supplies the room with outside air, the humidifier 11 and the dehumidifier 12.
  • the measurements using the measuring components 2, 3, 4 can be carried out continuously or at periodic intervals.
  • the units 8 - 12 connected to the controller 7 can be constantly readjusted as a function of the current measured values or even only if the measured values result in deviations that exceed certain limit values, these limit values being sufficiently large changes in the temperature and / or Indicate moisture conditions that require entry, exit or changeover of one or more of the units 8-12.
  • the controller 7 in the example shown here has, as an additional feature, the fact that it displays the set data and the measured values and / or the calculated data and / or the actions performed, i. when which of the units 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 was controlled, can log. Via an interface to a computer 5, this information can be transmitted during the operation of the device 1 or also subsequently to a connected computer 5. The data to be entered can also be entered via the connected computer 5. However, it is also possible to provide an input option directly to the controller 7 or to the display 6.
  • FIG. 2 illustrated device 1, a display 6, which is used to inform the room user and, for example, in the event that the automatic fan is defective or should be provided none, the Jardinnutzem indicates that must be ventilated by opening windows.
  • the display 61 is the overview display of a device that serves the controlled ventilation of all rooms of a family house or apartment.
  • a measuring unit for measuring the internal temperature and one for measuring the relative humidity inside the room are provided, the current Measurement results should be indicated on the display.
  • the measuring devices within the rooms should advantageously be installed so that they are not exposed to direct sunlight and are also not close to heat sources, but if possible flowed around by ambient air in order to falsify the measurements as little as possible.
  • the thermal weak point with the lowest heat transfer coefficient is not on an outer wall or a window, but on an inner wall, for determining the surface temperature measuring devices on the weak point opposite wall side of the adjacent Space provided. If the adjacent room is also monitored for temperature, the measurement result of the existing indoor temperature meter can be used.
  • the measuring device for measuring the relative humidity of the outside air which can be integrated with the measuring device for measuring the outside air temperature in a common external measuring device.
  • an outside temperature of approximately 8 ° C to 12 ° C in central European latitudes can be specified to determine the surface temperature and the measurement omitted.
  • the measurement results of the external measuring devices are also displayed on the display 61.
  • the column of interests in which for each room the necessary action, e.g. Ventilation, heating, cooling, dehumidifying, humidifying or even no / ok is specified, and the column in which the currently set target room temperature is specified for each room, which can also be changed by the home user.
  • these actions are performed centrally by the controller of the device.
  • the remaining columns are mainly important for the maintenance personnel, in particular the identifiers of the measuring instruments, the heat transfer coefficients Uf, the surface temperatures and the maximum and minimum relative humidities.
  • Another display is the room display 63 which shows details for a particular room. Apart from the heat transfer coefficient Uf, the minimum surface temperature, the minimum and the maximum relative humidity, the maximum carbon dioxide content and the identification numbers of the measuring devices in this room, which were already mostly shown in the overview display 61, here the basic value pairs of the comfort graph are given for this room which can be changed according to the use of the room or personal preference of the main user of this room.
  • the controller also has a clock and a calendar function. The current time, date and day of the week are displayed in the basic display 61. In the case of Mertusiger absence is also possible to enter a separate set temperature, as shown in the absence display 6. Thanks to this differentiated temperature control, energy can be saved even more efficiently.
  • the device for controlled ventilation can be carried out in various ways. For example, it can be equipped with only one outdoor and one indoor measuring device to only a certain room or a flat, in which usually can open air due to open doors.
  • the indoor unit In the case of an apartment, the indoor unit should be installed in a room where a lot of moisture is produced, for example in the bathroom, to avoid particularly damaging moisture. If a carbon dioxide meter is provided, it should be installed in the room of the apartment where the most frequent and longest people are staying.
  • the controller or its display should be positioned in the apartment so that the display is clearly visible or you can hear a warning sound anywhere.
  • the most energy-efficient use can be achieved with an automatic ventilation system and automatic operation, if necessary, other existing units such as some cooling or heating unit, humidifying or dehumidifying unit.
  • the device is controlled so that it only becomes active when an air exchange is actually required thanks to the method described here.
  • the supply air through the bedrooms through the living rooms on the wet rooms such as kitchen or bathroom again dissipates. That's the best way to maintain a pleasant indoor climate throughout the home with minimal ventilation.
  • a carbon dioxide content measuring device mounted in the room from which the home air is discharged, e.g. the kitchen or the bathroom. Because this space is traversed by the air with the highest carbon dioxide content.
  • the device described here can be used for all applications in which one or more rooms are to be operated within a certain climate range and the risk of moisture damage should be excluded, so not only apartments and houses or offices, but also warehouses, stables and the like.

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Claims (12)

  1. Procédé d'aération contrôlée d'une pièce selon les étapes suivantes:
    a. Détermination de la température minimale de la surface (minTiO) de la pièce (104);
    b. Mesure de la température à l'extérieur (Ta) et à l'intérieur (Ti) de la pièce, ainsi que de l'humidité relative de l'air à l'extérieur (rFa) et à l'intérieur (rFi) de la pièce (101,102);
    c. Détermination du maximum tolérable de l'humidité relative de l'air (maxTaurFi) en relation avec la température minimale de la surface (minTiO) et de la température (Ti) à l'intérieur de la pièce (104) pour éviter la condensation de l'humidité à l'intérieur de celle-ci;
    d. Calcul du minimum de l'humidité relative de l'air (min2rFi) pouvant être atteint par aération, par rapport à la température (Ta) à l'extérieur de la pièce, à la température (Ti) à l'intérieur de la pièce et à l'humidité relative à l'extérieur de la pièce (104); et
    e. Déclenchement d'un processus d'aération, si l'humidité relative de l'air (rFi) à l'intérieur de la pièce se trouve supérieure au maximum tolérable calculé pour l'humidité relative de l'air (maxTaurFi), ainsi que si le minimum accessible de l'humidité relative de l'air (min2rFi) est inférieur au maximum tolérable de l'humidité relative de l'air (maxTaurFi) (122, 123, 128).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la température minimale actuelle de la surface (minTiO) est déterminée par la température à l'intérieur (Ti) de la pièce et à l'extérieur (Ta) de la pièce, et dans le cas de températures plus élevées à l'intérieur (Ti) qu'à l'extérieur (Ta) de la pièce en relation avec le coefficient de transmission surfacique (U) maximal de la pièce, ainsi que dans le cas de températures plus élevées à l'extérieur (Ta) qu'à l'intérieur (Ti) de la pièce en relation avec le coefficient de transmission surfacique (U) minimal en tenant compte de la résistance thermique d'échanges superficiels (RSI) correspondante (104).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'un processus d'aération est déclenché, si non seulement l'humidité relative de l'air (rFi) à l'intérieur de la pièce est supérieure au maximum tolérable calculé de l'humidité relative de l'air (maxTaurFi), mais aussi si la température (Ta) à l'extérieur de la pièce est inférieure à la température (Ti) à l'intérieur de la pièce (121).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée par le fait qu'une température maximale (maxTibeh, T4opt) est fixée et qu'il y a aération supplémentaire, si la température (Ti) à l'intérieur de la pièce dépasse la température maximale (maxTibeh, T4opt) fixée et que la température (Ta) à l'extérieur de la pièce est inférieure à celle-ci (110, 111, 121).
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'un intervalle défini de la température (T1opt-T4opt, T1beh-T8beh) est fixé et que si la température (Ti) à l'intérieur de la pièce est en-dehors de cet intervalle défini (T1opt-T4opt, T1beh-T8beh) vers le haut ou vers le bas, celle-ci est davantage réfrigérée ou chauffée.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'un intervalle défini (rF1opt-rF4opt, rF1beh-rF8beh) de l'humidité relative de l'air est fixé et que si l'humidité relative de l'air (rFi) à l'intérieur de la pièce est en-dehors de cet intervalle défini (rF1opt-rF4opt, rF1beh-rF8beh) vers le haut ou vers le bas, l'air ambiant y est davantage déshumidifié ou humidifié.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'une valeur limite (maxCO2) du taux de dioxyde de carbone est fixée, et que la pièce est aérée (125-128) quand cette valeur limite est dépassée.
  8. Dispositif (1) pour l'aération contrôlée d'une pièce avec
    - une unité de mesure de la température (3) pour mesurer la température (Ti) à l'intérieur de la pièce;
    - une unité de mesure de la température (2) pour mesurer la température (Ta) à l'extérieur de la pièce;
    - une unité de mesure de l'humidité (3) pour mesurer l'humidité relative de l'air (rFi) à l'intérieur de la pièce;
    - une unité de mesure de l'humidité (2) pour mesurer l'humidité relative de l'air (rFa) à l'extérieur de la pièce;
    - une unité (6, 10) pour le déclenchement d'un processus d'aération; et
    - une unité de contrôle (7) installée de façon qu'elle détermine - pour éviter la condensation de l'humidité à l'intérieur de la pièce - le maximum tolérable de l'humidité relative de l'air (maxTaurFi) en relation avec la température minimale de la surface (minTiO) et la température (Ti) à l'intérieur de la pièce, qu'elle calcule un minimum de l'humidité relative de l'air (min2rFi) à l'intérieur de la pièce qui peut être atteint par aération, en relation avec la température (Ta) à l'extérieur de la pièce et la température (Ti) à l'intérieur de la pièce, et qu'elle active l'unité (6, 10) pour le déclenchement d'un processus d'aération, si non seulement l'humidité relative de l'air (rFi) à l'intérieur de la pièce se trouve au-dessus du maximum tolérable calculé de l'humidité relative de l'air (maxTaurFi) mais aussi si le minimum accessible de l'humidité relative de l'air (min2rFi) est en-dessous du maximum tolérable de l'humidité relative de l'air (maxTaurFi).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité (6, 10) pour le déclenchement d'un processus d'aération est développée comme unité de ventilation automatique (10).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une unité de chauffage (8) et/ou une unité de réfrigération (9) et que l'unité de contrôle (7) est installée de façon qu'elle active l'unité de chauffage (8) ou de réfrigération (9), si la température (Ti) à l'intérieur de la pièce est inférieure ou supérieure à un intervalle fixé et défini de température (T1opt-T4opt, T1beh-T8beh).
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 à 10, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une unité d'humidification de l'air (11) et/ou une unité de déshumidification de l'air (12) et que l'unité de contrôle (7) est installée de façon qu'elle active l'unité d'humidification de l'air (11) ou de déshumidification de l'air (12), si l'humidité relative de l'air (rFi) à l'intérieur de la pièce est inférieure ou supérieure à un intervalle fixé et défini (rF1opt-rF4opt, rF1beh-rF8beh) de l'humidité relative de l'air.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une unité de mesure du taux de dioxyde de carbone (4) et que l'unité de contrôle (7) est installée de façon qu'elle active l'unité (6, 10) pour le déclenchement d'un processus d'aération, si le taux de dioxyde de carbone à l'intérieur de la pièce dépasse une valeur limite (maxCO2) définie du taux de dioxyde de carbone.
EP07013538A 2006-07-14 2007-07-11 Procédé et dispositif destinés à la ventilation contrôlée contre la moisissure Active EP1878979B1 (fr)

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DE102006032858A1 (de) 2008-02-07
DE502007004695D1 (de) 2010-09-23
EP1878979A1 (fr) 2008-01-16
ATE477457T1 (de) 2010-08-15
DK1878979T3 (da) 2010-12-06
DE102006032858B4 (de) 2008-09-11

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