EP1870205A1 - Dispositif et procédé destiné au grenaillage de granulés sensibles, en particulier la glace carbonique - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé destiné au grenaillage de granulés sensibles, en particulier la glace carbonique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1870205A1
EP1870205A1 EP07090092A EP07090092A EP1870205A1 EP 1870205 A1 EP1870205 A1 EP 1870205A1 EP 07090092 A EP07090092 A EP 07090092A EP 07090092 A EP07090092 A EP 07090092A EP 1870205 A1 EP1870205 A1 EP 1870205A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
acceleration
blasting
blades
acceleration sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07090092A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1870205B1 (fr
Inventor
Krieg Mark
Uhlmann Eckart
El Mernissi Adil
Ingo Gottheil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Technische Universitaet Berlin
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Technische Universitaet Berlin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV, Technische Universitaet Berlin filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP1870205A1 publication Critical patent/EP1870205A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1870205B1 publication Critical patent/EP1870205B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/06—Impeller wheels; Rotor blades therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/06—Impeller wheels; Rotor blades therefor
    • B24C5/068—Transferring the abrasive particles from the feeding means onto the propeller blades, e.g. using central impellers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting agents, in particular dry ice, as well as a method for blasting of sensitive blasting agents, in particular dry ice.
  • the pressure and the centrifugal blasting In the jet process technology, a distinction is made between the pressure and the centrifugal blasting, the former being converted pneumatically or hydraulically and the latter mechanically.
  • compressed air blasting the abrasive to be accelerated is added to a compressed air stream ( US 6 536 220 with ice as a blasting agent), while during blasting the acceleration is achieved by rotating wheels.
  • the blasting agent is usually introduced into the central region of a blast wheel and is dropped by blades.
  • the discharge speed of the Blasting agent is composed of the peripheral speed at the outer radius of the impeller as a tangential velocity component as well as the radial velocity component resulting from the centrifugal force.
  • a blast wheel with a device for feeding blasting agents is known from DE 102 08 683 C2 known, in which the blasting agent is fed into the central region of the impeller via a supply line, wherein in the central region a Zuteilhülse and in the metering sleeve together with the impeller an impeller with discharge openings rotates the supply line for the blasting agent empties into the impeller.
  • centrifugal blasting The advantages of the centrifugal blasting are a high abrasive throughput and a high area performance, low investment costs, ie, no costly facilities such as compressed air generation and treatment, a much higher energy efficiency (compressed air about 2% compared to centrifugal blasting about 80%) by direct conversion of electrical into kinetic Energy and better automation.
  • DE 44 212 18 A1 discloses a mold part deburring by means of a centrifugal wheel, wherein the frozen blasting agent, such as carbon dioxide pellets axially fed to a radial wheel, in the direction of rotation having bent blades. It has been found that even such trained blades are not sufficient to ensure a bumpless treatment.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for blasting of sensitive abrasive, especially dry ice, which allow a high abrasive throughput, high efficiency and low investment and operating costs with gentle treatment of the blasting agent.
  • Solid CO 2 blasting is becoming increasingly established in the industry due to the advantages of blunting sublimation and machinability of sensitive surfaces. While it has been used mainly manually in the context of maintenance and servicing, it is desired to use it increasingly automated in the new production, for example, for pretreatment before painting or gluing. Due to the sensitivity of the blasting agent, as previously mentioned, only pneumatic pressure blast systems have been used. Area-wide applications have been denied dry ice blasting due to the high compressed air costs and the low area performance.
  • the inventive apparatus for centrifugal blasting comprises a blast wheel, which consists of several blades arranged symmetrically about the axis of rotation, to which the blasting agent is added near the center of the wheel during the rotational movement.
  • a blast wheel which consists of several blades arranged symmetrically about the axis of rotation, to which the blasting agent is added near the center of the wheel during the rotational movement.
  • the rotational movement generates a centrifugal force which accelerates the abrasive on the blades to the outside.
  • three loads act on the blasting agent, namely shock during metering, contact pressure during acceleration and friction during transport to the discharge edge.
  • the blasting media must be pre-accelerated to the web speed of the blast wheels at the metering edge.
  • a pre-acceleration sleeve is used according to the invention, which has such a geometry that the blasting agent is radially pre-accelerated in addition to the axial movement to the blast wheel.
  • the invention thus enables the mechanical acceleration of sensitive blasting agents, such as dry ice.
  • the inventive method or the inventive device is particularly suitable for blasting as a production, cleaning and pre-treatment of rod material, rolled steel products, sheets and small parts of small numbers that are accessible.
  • Examples of possible applications include pretreatment of plastic and metal components in the automotive, aerospace and marine industries such as bumpers, bodywork, aircraft housings, mold cleaning in the casting and food industries, and degreasing of extruded semi-finished products.
  • the pre-acceleration sleeve has an internal geometry widening towards the blast wheel on, for example, is cone-shaped, so that it represents a simple component.
  • an acceleration sleeve which is formed as a cylindrical annular body and is provided with radial passage openings, wherein the inner geometry of the acceleration sleeve, which includes, for example, inner webs, is provided with radii and is concave toward the through holes.
  • the inner surface of the pre-acceleration sleeve and / or the acceleration sleeve are smoothed by grinding, polishing or the like, which is further for gentle treatment.
  • the blades are releasably and replaceably attached to retaining disks and are also smoothed or provided with a low-friction coating.
  • the blast wheel can be made at least partially of low density materials such as aluminum, titanium or plastic or lightweight, which high rotational speeds and lower torques can be achieved.
  • a guide sleeve which serves to guide the blasting agent to a predetermined path, wherein adjusted by adjusting means such as slots, the beam individually and continuously depending on the desired beam direction can be.
  • Vorbe instructungshülse is formed and connected to the acceleration sleeve, that a continuous transition between the inner surface of the Vorbe instructungshülse and the inner peripheral surface of the acceleration sleeve is given. This can be done by the inner surface engages over the edge of the accelerating sleeve, whereby troughs are compensated in the transition region.
  • the apparatus for the centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting agents has as essential components a blast wheel 1, a drive device 2 for the blast wheel 1 and a Feeding or dosing device 3 on.
  • the drive device 2 is provided with an output shaft 4, which is provided with a mounting flange for fixing the rotating components.
  • the feed device 3 has a screw conveyor 8 consisting of feed screw 6 and feed pipe 7, which is driven by an electric motor 9, and a funnel-shaped storage container 10, in which the dry ice to be irradiated is taken up in pellet form. The mass flow of dry ice pellets is adjusted by this screw conveyor 8.
  • the rotating components essentially forming the blast wheel 1 comprise a holder 11 connected to the fastening flange 5, an acceleration sleeve 12 which is fastened to the holder 11, a first retaining disk 13, which is provided with in FIG Embodiment 6 blades 14 is connected, and a Vorbenchungshülse 15, wherein the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 and the first retaining plate 13 are attached to the bracket 11 opposite end face of the acceleration sleeve 12.
  • the blades 14 are screwed to one of their narrow sides with the first retaining plate 13, wherein in each case their other narrow sides are screwed to a second retaining plate 16, which serves to stabilize.
  • the interface between the rotating parts and the fixed screw conveyor 8 is formed by a provided on the Vorbeschreibungshülse 15 bearing shell, which serves to receive a ball bearing 17 which sits on the screw conveyor 8 and on the conveyor tube 7b.
  • a blasting medium guide system which has a pot-like holding element 18 and a guide sleeve 19.
  • the pot-like support member is mounted in a manner not shown here on the drive device 2 and engages over the mounting flange 5 and a portion of the holder 11.
  • the pot-like support member 18 is facing the drive device open and is on the opposite sides with a through hole for the passage of the Holder 11 provided.
  • On the side facing the impeller 1 of the holding member 18, a flange of the guide sleeve 19 is fixed, wherein on the flange of the guide sleeve, a cylindrical pipe socket is formed, in which a recess is incorporated as a guide window 20.
  • elongated holes or slots 21 are provided in the flange of the guide sleeve, which serve for adjustable attachment to the retaining element 18.
  • the acceleration sleeve 12 is fixed to a holder 11.
  • the holder consists of a cylindrical part and the flange connected to the mounting flange of the drive shaft 4 in the front side of the cylindrical part recesses manufacturing technology nature are provided.
  • the acceleration sleeve 12 can be used as the main module of the Impeller, as it distributes the blasting agent to the individual blades 14 and an important link between the Vorbeschreibungshülse 15 and the blades 14 represents. Furthermore, the acceleration sleeve 12 ensures a uniform distribution of the blasting agent. It accelerates the blasting media to approximately the speed that the blades of the smallest diameter have.
  • the acceleration sleeve 12 which is closer in Figs. 4a to 4c, consists of a cylindrical annular body with evenly distributed in the embodiment 6, radial passage openings 23, which ensure good transfer of the blasting agent to the blades.
  • the side facing away from the holder 11 of the acceleration sleeve is free in the central region and serves as access area for the blasting agent from the Vorbevantungshülse 15.
  • the acceleration sleeve 12 has threaded holes 24, with the aid of the sleeve 12 on the one hand to the holder 11 and the other can be mounted on the retaining plate 13 of the blades 14 and the pre-acceleration sleeve 15.
  • the holder 11 facing end face may have recesses 25 which serve for centering.
  • the existing between the radial through holes 23 of the acceleration sleeve 12 inner webs 26 are provided with radii, so that the blasting agent passes unhindered into the through holes 23 without getting caught. Furthermore, the surfaces (see Fig. 4b) are slightly concave (seen from the outer circumference) designed so that the blasting agent has a slightly central guide.
  • the acceleration sleeve is completely ground inside, so that the blasting medium is not already too high during acceleration Is exposed to stress.
  • the throwing blades 14 form the end of the conductive path of the blasting medium.
  • the blasting medium has reached the final speed.
  • the blasting agent is accelerated sharply to the discharge speed, so that it is exposed to high mechanical loads.
  • the blades 14 have a rectangular shape with a slightly curved path, wherein lateral webs ensure that the blasting agent is on a uniform beam path.
  • the trajectory i.e., the surfaces of the blade inner sides, are polished or are coated so that the friction between the blades and the abrasive is minimized.
  • the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 serves to bring the metered blasting agent to a peripheral speed which is equal to the lowest speed in the acceleration sleeve.
  • the blasting agent is offset from the rectilinear motion in the rotational movement.
  • the Vorbenchungshülse has an inner cone 27 and a mounting flange 28 for attachment to the retaining disk or on the acceleration sleeve 12 and, as mentioned, a receptacle 29 for a radial ball bearing 17.
  • the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 must be designed and fastened in such a way that no pockets or depressions occur at the transition point between the inner surface of the pre-acceleration sleeve and holding disk and the acceleration sleeve, but rather a continuous transition.
  • the inner cone 27 is extended beyond the mounting flange in the direction of the acceleration sleeve 12 to compensate for the transition region.
  • the inner surfaces are ground or polished or otherwise smoothed (eg, coated) to avoid clogging.
  • the operation of the device is as follows.
  • the dry ice in the form of pellets fed from the reservoir 10 into the screw conveyor is delivered axially by the screw into the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 in which, due to the widening internal geometry, the dry ice pellets are radially pre-accelerated in addition to the axial movement to the blower wheel up to a peripheral speed. which is equal to the lowest speed in the accelerator sleeve.
  • the pellets are further accelerated to about the speed that the inner edges of the blades, i. having the acceleration sleeve facing inner edges (blade root).
  • the pellets are passed through the radial openings on the blades, which due to the rounded inner geometry of the acceleration sleeve, the pellets are well forwarded.
  • the drop-out angle can be infinitely adjusted via the adjustable guide sleeve with the guide window.
  • the dry ice pellets are accelerated to the discharge speed and dropped.
  • the jet impact force is understood to mean the force that the beam exerts by the temporal change of its momentum when hitting a flat plate. This change in momentum is described by a force component. In dry ice blasting, there is another force component due to the explosive sublimation of the pellets as they hit the pressure plate. However, this is negligible compared to the momentum change.
  • the investigation of the jet impact force was carried out as a function of the speed of the impeller. The jet impact force increased with increasing speed and reached a value of 12.7 N at a speed of 2400 / min.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP07090092A 2006-06-20 2007-04-27 Dispositif et son utilisation destinés au grenaillage par glace carbonique Not-in-force EP1870205B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006029437A DE102006029437B4 (de) 2006-06-20 2006-06-20 Vorrichtung zum Schleuderstrahlen von empfindlichen Strahlmitteln, insbesondere Trockeneis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1870205A1 true EP1870205A1 (fr) 2007-12-26
EP1870205B1 EP1870205B1 (fr) 2010-07-07

Family

ID=38441639

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07090092A Not-in-force EP1870205B1 (fr) 2006-06-20 2007-04-27 Dispositif et son utilisation destinés au grenaillage par glace carbonique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1870205B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE473068T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102006029437B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK1870205T3 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB510681A (en) * 1937-02-04 1939-08-04 Ame Ets A Sisson Lehmann Improvements in and relating to centrifugally spraying matter suspended in fluids
US2204635A (en) * 1934-02-05 1940-06-18 American Foundry Equip Co Centrifugal abrading machine
US2708814A (en) * 1952-09-05 1955-05-24 American Wheelabrater & Equipm Centrifugal blasting wheel
EP0002179A1 (fr) * 1977-11-17 1979-06-13 Georg Fischer Aktiengesellschaft Roue centrifuge pour machines de projection d'abrasif
US6126516A (en) * 1999-05-10 2000-10-03 United States Filter Corporation Centrifugal blasting apparatus
WO2006000426A1 (fr) * 2004-06-24 2006-01-05 Jost Wadephul Turbine pour alimenter une turbine de grenaillage en agent de grenaillage

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5472369A (en) * 1993-04-29 1995-12-05 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Centrifugal accelerator, system and method for removing unwanted layers from a surface
DE4421218B4 (de) * 1994-06-17 2004-11-25 Linde Ag Formteilentgratung mittels eines Schleuderrades
DE19800794C1 (de) * 1998-01-13 1999-05-20 Jost Dipl Ing Wadephul Schleuderrad
US6536220B2 (en) * 2001-05-11 2003-03-25 Universal Ice Blast, Inc. Method and apparatus for pressure-driven ice blasting

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2204635A (en) * 1934-02-05 1940-06-18 American Foundry Equip Co Centrifugal abrading machine
GB510681A (en) * 1937-02-04 1939-08-04 Ame Ets A Sisson Lehmann Improvements in and relating to centrifugally spraying matter suspended in fluids
US2708814A (en) * 1952-09-05 1955-05-24 American Wheelabrater & Equipm Centrifugal blasting wheel
EP0002179A1 (fr) * 1977-11-17 1979-06-13 Georg Fischer Aktiengesellschaft Roue centrifuge pour machines de projection d'abrasif
US6126516A (en) * 1999-05-10 2000-10-03 United States Filter Corporation Centrifugal blasting apparatus
WO2006000426A1 (fr) * 2004-06-24 2006-01-05 Jost Wadephul Turbine pour alimenter une turbine de grenaillage en agent de grenaillage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502007004304D1 (de) 2010-08-19
DE102006029437A1 (de) 2008-01-10
ATE473068T1 (de) 2010-07-15
EP1870205B1 (fr) 2010-07-07
DE102006029437B4 (de) 2011-09-15
DK1870205T3 (da) 2010-10-18

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