EP1870205A1 - Device and method for centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting abrasives, in particular dry ice - Google Patents

Device and method for centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting abrasives, in particular dry ice Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1870205A1
EP1870205A1 EP07090092A EP07090092A EP1870205A1 EP 1870205 A1 EP1870205 A1 EP 1870205A1 EP 07090092 A EP07090092 A EP 07090092A EP 07090092 A EP07090092 A EP 07090092A EP 1870205 A1 EP1870205 A1 EP 1870205A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
acceleration
blasting
blades
acceleration sleeve
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EP07090092A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1870205B1 (en
Inventor
Krieg Mark
Uhlmann Eckart
El Mernissi Adil
Ingo Gottheil
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Technische Universitaet Berlin
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Technische Universitaet Berlin
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/06—Impeller wheels; Rotor blades therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/06—Impeller wheels; Rotor blades therefor
    • B24C5/068—Transferring the abrasive particles from the feeding means onto the propeller blades, e.g. using central impellers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting agents, in particular dry ice, as well as a method for blasting of sensitive blasting agents, in particular dry ice.
  • the pressure and the centrifugal blasting In the jet process technology, a distinction is made between the pressure and the centrifugal blasting, the former being converted pneumatically or hydraulically and the latter mechanically.
  • compressed air blasting the abrasive to be accelerated is added to a compressed air stream ( US 6 536 220 with ice as a blasting agent), while during blasting the acceleration is achieved by rotating wheels.
  • the blasting agent is usually introduced into the central region of a blast wheel and is dropped by blades.
  • the discharge speed of the Blasting agent is composed of the peripheral speed at the outer radius of the impeller as a tangential velocity component as well as the radial velocity component resulting from the centrifugal force.
  • a blast wheel with a device for feeding blasting agents is known from DE 102 08 683 C2 known, in which the blasting agent is fed into the central region of the impeller via a supply line, wherein in the central region a Zuteilhülse and in the metering sleeve together with the impeller an impeller with discharge openings rotates the supply line for the blasting agent empties into the impeller.
  • centrifugal blasting The advantages of the centrifugal blasting are a high abrasive throughput and a high area performance, low investment costs, ie, no costly facilities such as compressed air generation and treatment, a much higher energy efficiency (compressed air about 2% compared to centrifugal blasting about 80%) by direct conversion of electrical into kinetic Energy and better automation.
  • DE 44 212 18 A1 discloses a mold part deburring by means of a centrifugal wheel, wherein the frozen blasting agent, such as carbon dioxide pellets axially fed to a radial wheel, in the direction of rotation having bent blades. It has been found that even such trained blades are not sufficient to ensure a bumpless treatment.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for blasting of sensitive abrasive, especially dry ice, which allow a high abrasive throughput, high efficiency and low investment and operating costs with gentle treatment of the blasting agent.
  • Solid CO 2 blasting is becoming increasingly established in the industry due to the advantages of blunting sublimation and machinability of sensitive surfaces. While it has been used mainly manually in the context of maintenance and servicing, it is desired to use it increasingly automated in the new production, for example, for pretreatment before painting or gluing. Due to the sensitivity of the blasting agent, as previously mentioned, only pneumatic pressure blast systems have been used. Area-wide applications have been denied dry ice blasting due to the high compressed air costs and the low area performance.
  • the inventive apparatus for centrifugal blasting comprises a blast wheel, which consists of several blades arranged symmetrically about the axis of rotation, to which the blasting agent is added near the center of the wheel during the rotational movement.
  • a blast wheel which consists of several blades arranged symmetrically about the axis of rotation, to which the blasting agent is added near the center of the wheel during the rotational movement.
  • the rotational movement generates a centrifugal force which accelerates the abrasive on the blades to the outside.
  • three loads act on the blasting agent, namely shock during metering, contact pressure during acceleration and friction during transport to the discharge edge.
  • the blasting media must be pre-accelerated to the web speed of the blast wheels at the metering edge.
  • a pre-acceleration sleeve is used according to the invention, which has such a geometry that the blasting agent is radially pre-accelerated in addition to the axial movement to the blast wheel.
  • the invention thus enables the mechanical acceleration of sensitive blasting agents, such as dry ice.
  • the inventive method or the inventive device is particularly suitable for blasting as a production, cleaning and pre-treatment of rod material, rolled steel products, sheets and small parts of small numbers that are accessible.
  • Examples of possible applications include pretreatment of plastic and metal components in the automotive, aerospace and marine industries such as bumpers, bodywork, aircraft housings, mold cleaning in the casting and food industries, and degreasing of extruded semi-finished products.
  • the pre-acceleration sleeve has an internal geometry widening towards the blast wheel on, for example, is cone-shaped, so that it represents a simple component.
  • an acceleration sleeve which is formed as a cylindrical annular body and is provided with radial passage openings, wherein the inner geometry of the acceleration sleeve, which includes, for example, inner webs, is provided with radii and is concave toward the through holes.
  • the inner surface of the pre-acceleration sleeve and / or the acceleration sleeve are smoothed by grinding, polishing or the like, which is further for gentle treatment.
  • the blades are releasably and replaceably attached to retaining disks and are also smoothed or provided with a low-friction coating.
  • the blast wheel can be made at least partially of low density materials such as aluminum, titanium or plastic or lightweight, which high rotational speeds and lower torques can be achieved.
  • a guide sleeve which serves to guide the blasting agent to a predetermined path, wherein adjusted by adjusting means such as slots, the beam individually and continuously depending on the desired beam direction can be.
  • Vorbe instructungshülse is formed and connected to the acceleration sleeve, that a continuous transition between the inner surface of the Vorbe instructungshülse and the inner peripheral surface of the acceleration sleeve is given. This can be done by the inner surface engages over the edge of the accelerating sleeve, whereby troughs are compensated in the transition region.
  • the apparatus for the centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting agents has as essential components a blast wheel 1, a drive device 2 for the blast wheel 1 and a Feeding or dosing device 3 on.
  • the drive device 2 is provided with an output shaft 4, which is provided with a mounting flange for fixing the rotating components.
  • the feed device 3 has a screw conveyor 8 consisting of feed screw 6 and feed pipe 7, which is driven by an electric motor 9, and a funnel-shaped storage container 10, in which the dry ice to be irradiated is taken up in pellet form. The mass flow of dry ice pellets is adjusted by this screw conveyor 8.
  • the rotating components essentially forming the blast wheel 1 comprise a holder 11 connected to the fastening flange 5, an acceleration sleeve 12 which is fastened to the holder 11, a first retaining disk 13, which is provided with in FIG Embodiment 6 blades 14 is connected, and a Vorbenchungshülse 15, wherein the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 and the first retaining plate 13 are attached to the bracket 11 opposite end face of the acceleration sleeve 12.
  • the blades 14 are screwed to one of their narrow sides with the first retaining plate 13, wherein in each case their other narrow sides are screwed to a second retaining plate 16, which serves to stabilize.
  • the interface between the rotating parts and the fixed screw conveyor 8 is formed by a provided on the Vorbeschreibungshülse 15 bearing shell, which serves to receive a ball bearing 17 which sits on the screw conveyor 8 and on the conveyor tube 7b.
  • a blasting medium guide system which has a pot-like holding element 18 and a guide sleeve 19.
  • the pot-like support member is mounted in a manner not shown here on the drive device 2 and engages over the mounting flange 5 and a portion of the holder 11.
  • the pot-like support member 18 is facing the drive device open and is on the opposite sides with a through hole for the passage of the Holder 11 provided.
  • On the side facing the impeller 1 of the holding member 18, a flange of the guide sleeve 19 is fixed, wherein on the flange of the guide sleeve, a cylindrical pipe socket is formed, in which a recess is incorporated as a guide window 20.
  • elongated holes or slots 21 are provided in the flange of the guide sleeve, which serve for adjustable attachment to the retaining element 18.
  • the acceleration sleeve 12 is fixed to a holder 11.
  • the holder consists of a cylindrical part and the flange connected to the mounting flange of the drive shaft 4 in the front side of the cylindrical part recesses manufacturing technology nature are provided.
  • the acceleration sleeve 12 can be used as the main module of the Impeller, as it distributes the blasting agent to the individual blades 14 and an important link between the Vorbeschreibungshülse 15 and the blades 14 represents. Furthermore, the acceleration sleeve 12 ensures a uniform distribution of the blasting agent. It accelerates the blasting media to approximately the speed that the blades of the smallest diameter have.
  • the acceleration sleeve 12 which is closer in Figs. 4a to 4c, consists of a cylindrical annular body with evenly distributed in the embodiment 6, radial passage openings 23, which ensure good transfer of the blasting agent to the blades.
  • the side facing away from the holder 11 of the acceleration sleeve is free in the central region and serves as access area for the blasting agent from the Vorbevantungshülse 15.
  • the acceleration sleeve 12 has threaded holes 24, with the aid of the sleeve 12 on the one hand to the holder 11 and the other can be mounted on the retaining plate 13 of the blades 14 and the pre-acceleration sleeve 15.
  • the holder 11 facing end face may have recesses 25 which serve for centering.
  • the existing between the radial through holes 23 of the acceleration sleeve 12 inner webs 26 are provided with radii, so that the blasting agent passes unhindered into the through holes 23 without getting caught. Furthermore, the surfaces (see Fig. 4b) are slightly concave (seen from the outer circumference) designed so that the blasting agent has a slightly central guide.
  • the acceleration sleeve is completely ground inside, so that the blasting medium is not already too high during acceleration Is exposed to stress.
  • the throwing blades 14 form the end of the conductive path of the blasting medium.
  • the blasting medium has reached the final speed.
  • the blasting agent is accelerated sharply to the discharge speed, so that it is exposed to high mechanical loads.
  • the blades 14 have a rectangular shape with a slightly curved path, wherein lateral webs ensure that the blasting agent is on a uniform beam path.
  • the trajectory i.e., the surfaces of the blade inner sides, are polished or are coated so that the friction between the blades and the abrasive is minimized.
  • the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 serves to bring the metered blasting agent to a peripheral speed which is equal to the lowest speed in the acceleration sleeve.
  • the blasting agent is offset from the rectilinear motion in the rotational movement.
  • the Vorbenchungshülse has an inner cone 27 and a mounting flange 28 for attachment to the retaining disk or on the acceleration sleeve 12 and, as mentioned, a receptacle 29 for a radial ball bearing 17.
  • the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 must be designed and fastened in such a way that no pockets or depressions occur at the transition point between the inner surface of the pre-acceleration sleeve and holding disk and the acceleration sleeve, but rather a continuous transition.
  • the inner cone 27 is extended beyond the mounting flange in the direction of the acceleration sleeve 12 to compensate for the transition region.
  • the inner surfaces are ground or polished or otherwise smoothed (eg, coated) to avoid clogging.
  • the operation of the device is as follows.
  • the dry ice in the form of pellets fed from the reservoir 10 into the screw conveyor is delivered axially by the screw into the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 in which, due to the widening internal geometry, the dry ice pellets are radially pre-accelerated in addition to the axial movement to the blower wheel up to a peripheral speed. which is equal to the lowest speed in the accelerator sleeve.
  • the pellets are further accelerated to about the speed that the inner edges of the blades, i. having the acceleration sleeve facing inner edges (blade root).
  • the pellets are passed through the radial openings on the blades, which due to the rounded inner geometry of the acceleration sleeve, the pellets are well forwarded.
  • the drop-out angle can be infinitely adjusted via the adjustable guide sleeve with the guide window.
  • the dry ice pellets are accelerated to the discharge speed and dropped.
  • the jet impact force is understood to mean the force that the beam exerts by the temporal change of its momentum when hitting a flat plate. This change in momentum is described by a force component. In dry ice blasting, there is another force component due to the explosive sublimation of the pellets as they hit the pressure plate. However, this is negligible compared to the momentum change.
  • the investigation of the jet impact force was carried out as a function of the speed of the impeller. The jet impact force increased with increasing speed and reached a value of 12.7 N at a speed of 2400 / min.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a rotary spinner, which exhibits throw shovels (14) that are distributed over the circumference. An acceleration cover (12) rotates with the rotary spinner. A supply or dosing device is provided for supplying the dry ice into the acceleration cover. The supply or dosing device has a pre-acceleration cover (15), and exhibits an inner geometry extending to the throw shovels for axial and radial pre-acceleration of the dry ice at the throw shovel. The acceleration cover is designed as a cylindrical circular body, which is provided with a radial passage opening. An independent claim is also included for a method for centrifugal blasting of dry ice.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Schleuderstrahlen von empfindlichen Strahlmitteln, insbesondere Trockeneis sowie ein Verfahren zum Schleuderstrahlen von empfindlichen Strahlmitteln, insbesondere Trockeneis.The invention relates to a device for the centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting agents, in particular dry ice, as well as a method for blasting of sensitive blasting agents, in particular dry ice.

In der Strahlverfahrenstechnik wird zwischen dem Druck- und dem Schleuderstrahlen unterschieden, wobei ersteres pneumatisch oder hydraulisch und letzteres mechanisch umgesetzt wird. Beim Druckluftstrahlen wird das zu beschleunigende Strahlmittel einem Druckluftstrom zudosiert ( US 6 536 220 mit Eis als Strahlmittel), während beim Schleuderstrahlen die Beschleunigung durch rotierende Räder erzielt wird. Das Strahlmittel wird dabei üblicherweise in den Mittelbereich eines Schleuderrades eingeführt und wird über Schaufeln abgeworfen. Die Abwurfgeschwindigkeit des Strahlmittels setzt sich zusammen aus der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit am äußeren Radius des Schleuderrads als tangentiale Geschwindigkeitskomponente sowie der aus der Fliehkraft resultierenden radialen Geschwindigkeitskomponente. Ein Schleuderrad mit einer Einrichtung zum Einspeisen von Strahlmitteln ist aus der DE 102 08 683 C2 bekannt, bei dem über eine Zuleitung das Strahlmittel in den Zentralbereich des Schleuderrades eingespeist wird, wobei im Zentralbereich eine Zuteilhülse und in der Zuteilhülse zusammen mit dem Schleuderrad ein Impeller mit Entladeöffnungen rotiert die Zuleitung für das Strahlmittel mündet dabei in den Impeller.In the jet process technology, a distinction is made between the pressure and the centrifugal blasting, the former being converted pneumatically or hydraulically and the latter mechanically. In compressed air blasting, the abrasive to be accelerated is added to a compressed air stream ( US 6 536 220 with ice as a blasting agent), while during blasting the acceleration is achieved by rotating wheels. The blasting agent is usually introduced into the central region of a blast wheel and is dropped by blades. The discharge speed of the Blasting agent is composed of the peripheral speed at the outer radius of the impeller as a tangential velocity component as well as the radial velocity component resulting from the centrifugal force. A blast wheel with a device for feeding blasting agents is known from DE 102 08 683 C2 known, in which the blasting agent is fed into the central region of the impeller via a supply line, wherein in the central region a Zuteilhülse and in the metering sleeve together with the impeller an impeller with discharge openings rotates the supply line for the blasting agent empties into the impeller.

Die Vorteile des Schleuderstrahlens sind ein hoher Strahlmitteldurchsatz und eine hohe Flächenleistung, geringe Investitionskosten, d.h., keine kostenintensiven Einrichtungen wie Drucklufterzeugung und -aufbereitung, ein wesentlich höherer energetischer Wirkungsgrad (Druckluft etwa 2% gegenüber Schleuderstrahlen etwa 80%) durch direkte Umwandlung von elektrischer in kinetische Energie sowie eine bessere Automatisierbarkeit.The advantages of the centrifugal blasting are a high abrasive throughput and a high area performance, low investment costs, ie, no costly facilities such as compressed air generation and treatment, a much higher energy efficiency (compressed air about 2% compared to centrifugal blasting about 80%) by direct conversion of electrical into kinetic Energy and better automation.

Aus der US 5 472 369 ist eine Schleuderradvorrichtung zum Schleudern von gefrorenen Pellets aus Kohlendioxid bekannt, mit s-förmigen Kanälen in Scheiben zum Transport der Pellets. Diese Kanäle führen zur Stoßbelastung der Pellets und zur Sublimierung, wobei die angegebenen Größen, wie Drehzahl und Durchmesser insgesamt die Funktionsfähigkeit in Frage stellen.From the US 5,472,369 For example, there is known a sling apparatus for spinning frozen pellets of carbon dioxide, with s-shaped channels in slices for transporting the pellets. These channels lead to impact loading of the pellets and sublimation, with the specified sizes, such as speed and diameter overall, the operability in question.

DE 44 212 18 A1 offenbart eine Formteilentgratung mittels eines Schleuderrades, bei dem gefrorenes Strahlmittel, wie Kohlendioxidpellets axial einem Radialrad zugeführt werden, das in Rotationsrichtung abgebogene Schaufeln aufweist. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass auch derart ausgebildete Schaufeln nicht ausreichen, um eine stoßfreie Behandlung zu gewährleisten. DE 44 212 18 A1 discloses a mold part deburring by means of a centrifugal wheel, wherein the frozen blasting agent, such as carbon dioxide pellets axially fed to a radial wheel, in the direction of rotation having bent blades. It has been found that even such trained blades are not sufficient to ensure a bumpless treatment.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Strahlen von empfindlichem Strahlmittel, insbesondere Trockeneis zu schaffen, die einen hohen Strahlmitteldurchsatz, einen großen Wirkungsgrad und geringe Investitions- und Betriebskosten bei schonender Behandlung des Strahlmittels ermöglichen.The invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for blasting of sensitive abrasive, especially dry ice, which allow a high abrasive throughput, high efficiency and low investment and operating costs with gentle treatment of the blasting agent.

Das Strahlen mit festem CO2 etabliert sich aufgrund der Vorteile, nämlich Sublimation des Strahlmittels und Bearbeitbarkeit empfindlicher Oberflächen zunehmend in der Industrie. Während es bisher hauptsächlich manuell im Rahmen der Wartung und Instandhaltung zum Einsatz kommt, wird angestrebt, es vermehrt automatisiert in der Neufertigung, z.B. für die Vorbehandlung vor dem Lackieren oder Kleben einzusetzen. Aufgrund der Empfindlichkeit des Strahlmittels werden, wie erwähnt, bisher ausschließlich pneumatische Druckstrahlsysteme eingesetzt. Flächige Anwendungen bleiben dem Trockeneisstrahlen aufgrund der hohen Druckluftkosten und der niedrigen Flächenleistungen bisher verwehrt.Solid CO 2 blasting is becoming increasingly established in the industry due to the advantages of blunting sublimation and machinability of sensitive surfaces. While it has been used mainly manually in the context of maintenance and servicing, it is desired to use it increasingly automated in the new production, for example, for pretreatment before painting or gluing. Due to the sensitivity of the blasting agent, as previously mentioned, only pneumatic pressure blast systems have been used. Area-wide applications have been denied dry ice blasting due to the high compressed air costs and the low area performance.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Vorrichtungsanspruchs und des nebengeordneten Verfahrensanspruchs gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of the device claim and the independent method claim.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Schleuderstrahlen umfasst ein Schleuderrad, das aus mehreren symmetrisch um die Rotationsachse angeordneten Schaufeln besteht, denen in der Rotationsbewegung das Strahlmittel nahe dem Radmittelpunkt zugegeben wird. Durch die Rotationsbewegung wird eine Zentrifugalkraft erzeugt, durch die das Strahlmittel auf den Schaufeln beschleunigt nach außen getragen wird. Hierbei wirken drei Belastungen auf das Strahlmittel, nämlich Stoß bei der Zudosierung, Anpresskraft bei der Beschleunigung und Reibung beim Transport bis zur Abwurfkante.The inventive apparatus for centrifugal blasting comprises a blast wheel, which consists of several blades arranged symmetrically about the axis of rotation, to which the blasting agent is added near the center of the wheel during the rotational movement. By the rotational movement generates a centrifugal force which accelerates the abrasive on the blades to the outside. In this case, three loads act on the blasting agent, namely shock during metering, contact pressure during acceleration and friction during transport to the discharge edge.

Zur Verhinderung des Stoßes bei der Zudosierung muss das Strahlmittel auf die Bahngeschwindigkeit der Schleuderräder am Dosierungsrand vorbeschleunigt werden. Dazu wird erfindungsgemäß eine Vorbeschleunigungshülse verwendet, die eine solche Geometrie aufweist, dass das Strahlmittel neben der axialen Bewegung zum Schleuderrad radial vorbeschleunigt wird.To prevent the impact during metering, the blasting media must be pre-accelerated to the web speed of the blast wheels at the metering edge. For this purpose, a pre-acceleration sleeve is used according to the invention, which has such a geometry that the blasting agent is radially pre-accelerated in addition to the axial movement to the blast wheel.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht somit die mechanische Beschleunigung empfindlicher Strahlmittel, wie Trockeneis. Gegenüber dem Druckstrahlen eignet sich das erfinderische Verfahren bzw. die erfinderische Vorrichtung besonders zum Strahlen als Fertigungs-, Reinigungs- und Vorbehandlungsverfahren von Stangematerial, Walzstahlerzeugnissen, Blechen und zugänglich geformten kleinen Bauteilen großer Stückzahlen. Beispiele möglicher Anwendungen sind die Vorbehandlung von Kunststoff- und Metallbauteilen in der Automobil-, Luft- und Schifffahrtindustrie wie Stoßfänger, Karosserien, Flugzeughüllen, die Reinigung von Formen in der Guss- und Lebensmittelindustrie und das Entfetten von stranggepressten Halbzeugen.The invention thus enables the mechanical acceleration of sensitive blasting agents, such as dry ice. Compared to the pressure jets, the inventive method or the inventive device is particularly suitable for blasting as a production, cleaning and pre-treatment of rod material, rolled steel products, sheets and small parts of small numbers that are accessible. Examples of possible applications include pretreatment of plastic and metal components in the automotive, aerospace and marine industries such as bumpers, bodywork, aircraft housings, mold cleaning in the casting and food industries, and degreasing of extruded semi-finished products.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen Merkmale sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen möglich.The features specified in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements are possible.

In vorteilhafter Weise weist die Vorbeschleunigungshülse eine sich zum Schleuderrad hin erweiternde Innengeometrie auf und ist beispielsweise konusförmig ausgebildet, so dass es ein einfaches Bauteil darstellt.Advantageously, the pre-acceleration sleeve has an internal geometry widening towards the blast wheel on, for example, is cone-shaped, so that it represents a simple component.

Zur weiteren Beschleunigung wird eine Beschleunigungshülse, die als zylindrischer Ringkörper ausgebildet ist und mit radialen Durchgangsöffnungen versehen ist, wobei die Innengeometrie der Beschleunigungshülse, die beispielsweise Innenstege umfasst, mit Radien versehen ist und auch zu den Durchgangsöffnungen hin konkav ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Weise wird das Strahlmittel schonend behandelt und es wird die Gefahr der Sublimation und der Verstopfung abgewendet. Zusätzlich werden die Innenfläche der Vorbeschleunigungshülse und/oder der Beschleunigungshülse durch Schleifen, Polieren oder dergleichen geglättet, was weiter zur schonenden Behandlung beträgt.For further acceleration, an acceleration sleeve, which is formed as a cylindrical annular body and is provided with radial passage openings, wherein the inner geometry of the acceleration sleeve, which includes, for example, inner webs, is provided with radii and is concave toward the through holes. In this way, the abrasive is treated gently and it avoids the risk of sublimation and constipation. In addition, the inner surface of the pre-acceleration sleeve and / or the acceleration sleeve are smoothed by grinding, polishing or the like, which is further for gentle treatment.

Weiterhin ist vorteilhaft, dass die Schaufeln lösbar und austauschbar an Haltescheiben befestigt sind und ebenfalls geglättet oder mit einer reibungsarmen Beschichtung versehen sind.Furthermore, it is advantageous that the blades are releasably and replaceably attached to retaining disks and are also smoothed or provided with a low-friction coating.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist, dass wegen der geringen Abrasivität des Strahlmittels das Schleuderrad zumindest teilweise aus Materialien geringer Dichte, wie Aluminium, Titan oder Kunststoff oder in Leichtbauweise hergestellt werden kann, wodurch hohe Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten und geringere Momente erzielt werden können.It is particularly advantageous that due to the low abrasiveness of the blasting abrasive, the blast wheel can be made at least partially of low density materials such as aluminum, titanium or plastic or lightweight, which high rotational speeds and lower torques can be achieved.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist eine Leithülse vorgesehen, die dazu dient, das Strahlmittel auf eine vorgegebene Bahn zu leiten, wobei durch Einstellmittel, wie Langlöcher, der Strahl individuell und stufenlos je nach gewünschter Strahlrichtung eingestellt werden kann.In an advantageous embodiment, a guide sleeve is provided, which serves to guide the blasting agent to a predetermined path, wherein adjusted by adjusting means such as slots, the beam individually and continuously depending on the desired beam direction can be.

Vorteilhaft ist, dass die Vorbeschleunigungshülse derart ausgebildet und mit der Beschleunigungshülse verbunden ist, dass ein kontinuierlicher Übergang zwischen der Innenfläche der Vorbeschleunigungshülse und der Innenumfangsfläche der Beschleunigungshülse gegeben ist. Dies kann dadurch geschehen, dass die Innenfläche über den Rand der Beschleunigungshülse greift, wodurch Mulden im Übergangsbereich ausgeglichen werden.It is advantageous that the Vorbeschleunigungshülse is formed and connected to the acceleration sleeve, that a continuous transition between the inner surface of the Vorbeschleunigungshülse and the inner peripheral surface of the acceleration sleeve is given. This can be done by the inner surface engages over the edge of the accelerating sleeve, whereby troughs are compensated in the transition region.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Schnittansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ohne Antrieb,
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch die Vorbeschleunigungshülse, und
Fign. 4a, 4b und 4c
eine Aufsicht auf die Beschleunigungshülse, einen Schnitt entsprechend der Schnittlinie A-A und einen Schnitt entsprechend der Schnittlinie B-B.
The invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic sectional view of the device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
an exploded perspective view of the device according to the invention without drive,
Fig. 3
a section through the pre-acceleration sleeve, and
FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c
a plan view of the acceleration sleeve, a section corresponding to the section line AA and a section corresponding to the section line BB.

Die Vorrichtung zum Schleuderstrahlen von empfindlichen Strahlmitteln, insbesondere Trockeneis, weist als wesentliche Bestandteile ein Schleuderrad 1, eine Antriebsvorrichtung 2 für das Schleuderrad 1 und eine Zufuhr- oder Dosiervorrichtung 3 auf. Die Antriebsvorrichtung 2 ist mit einer Abtriebswelle 4 versehen, die mit einem Befestigungsflansch zur Festlegung der rotierenden Bauteile vorgesehen ist.The apparatus for the centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting agents, especially dry ice, has as essential components a blast wheel 1, a drive device 2 for the blast wheel 1 and a Feeding or dosing device 3 on. The drive device 2 is provided with an output shaft 4, which is provided with a mounting flange for fixing the rotating components.

Die Zufuhrvorrichtung 3 weist einen aus Förderschnecke 6 und Förderrohr 7 bestehenden Schneckenförderer 8, der von einem Elektromotor 9 angetrieben wird und einen trichterförmigen Vorratsbehälter 10 auf, in dem das zu strahlende Trockeneis in Pelletform aufgenommen ist. Der Massenstrom an Trockeneispellets wird durch diesen Schneckenförderer 8 eingestellt.The feed device 3 has a screw conveyor 8 consisting of feed screw 6 and feed pipe 7, which is driven by an electric motor 9, and a funnel-shaped storage container 10, in which the dry ice to be irradiated is taken up in pellet form. The mass flow of dry ice pellets is adjusted by this screw conveyor 8.

Die im Wesentlichen das Schleuderrad 1 bildenden drehenden Bestandteile umfassen, wie auch in Fig. 2 zu erkennen ist, einen mit dem Befestigungsflansch 5 verbundenen Halter 11, eine Beschleunigungshülse 12, die an dem Halter 11 befestigt ist, eine erste Haltescheibe 13, die mit im Ausführungsbeispiel 6 Schaufeln 14 verbunden ist, und eine Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15, wobei die Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 und die erste Haltescheibe 13 an der dem Halter 11 entgegengesetzten Stirnfläche der Beschleunigungshülse 12 befestigt sind. Die Schaufeln 14 sind an einer ihrer schmalen Seiten mit der ersten Haltescheibe 13 verschraubt, wobei jeweils ihre anderen schmalen Seiten mit einer zweiten Haltescheibe 16 verschraubt sind, der zur Stabilisierung dient. Die Schnittstelle zwischen den sich drehenden Teilen und dem feststehenden Schneckenförderer 8 wird durch eine an der Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 vorgesehene Lagerschale gebildet, die zur Aufnahme eines Kugellagers 17 dient, das auf dem Schneckenförderer 8 bzw. auf dessen Förderrohr 7b sitzt.As can also be seen in FIG. 2, the rotating components essentially forming the blast wheel 1 comprise a holder 11 connected to the fastening flange 5, an acceleration sleeve 12 which is fastened to the holder 11, a first retaining disk 13, which is provided with in FIG Embodiment 6 blades 14 is connected, and a Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15, wherein the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 and the first retaining plate 13 are attached to the bracket 11 opposite end face of the acceleration sleeve 12. The blades 14 are screwed to one of their narrow sides with the first retaining plate 13, wherein in each case their other narrow sides are screwed to a second retaining plate 16, which serves to stabilize. The interface between the rotating parts and the fixed screw conveyor 8 is formed by a provided on the Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 bearing shell, which serves to receive a ball bearing 17 which sits on the screw conveyor 8 and on the conveyor tube 7b.

Zusätzlich zu den oben beschriebenen rotierenden Teilen ist ein Strahlmittelleitsystem vorgesehen, das ein topfartiges Halteelement 18 und eine Leithülse 19 aufweist. Das topfartige Halteelement ist in hier nicht dargestellter Weise an der Antriebsvorrichtung 2 montiert und übergreift den Befestigungsflansch 5 sowie einen Teil des Halters 11. Das topfartige Halteelement 18 ist zu der Antriebsvorrichtung gewandt offen und ist auf der dazu entgegengesetzten Seiten mit einer Durchgangsöffnung für den Durchgriff des Halters 11 versehen. An der dem Schleuderrad 1 zugewandten Seite des Halteelements 18 ist ein Flansch der Leithülse 19 befestigt, wobei an den Flansch der Leithülse ein zylindrischer Rohransatz angeformt ist, in dem eine Aussparung als Leitfenster 20 eingearbeitet ist. Weiterhin sind in dem Flansch der Leithülse 19 Langlöcher oder Schlitze 21 vorgesehen, die zur einstellbaren Befestigung an dem Halteelement 18 dienen. Die Leithülse 19, die feststehend zwischen dem äußeren Umfang der Beschleunigungshülse 12 und den zur Rotationsachse gerichteten Kanten der Schaufeln 14 angeordnet ist, dient dazu, das Strahlmittel auf eine vorgegebene Bahn zu leiten. Sie gewährleistet, dass der Trockeneisstrahl in eine definierte Richtung verteilt wird. Durch die vorhandenen Langlöcher 21 kann der Strahl individuell und stufenlos, je nach gewünschter Strahlrichtung, eingestellt werden.In addition to the above-described rotating parts a blasting medium guide system is provided, which has a pot-like holding element 18 and a guide sleeve 19. The pot-like support member is mounted in a manner not shown here on the drive device 2 and engages over the mounting flange 5 and a portion of the holder 11. The pot-like support member 18 is facing the drive device open and is on the opposite sides with a through hole for the passage of the Holder 11 provided. On the side facing the impeller 1 of the holding member 18, a flange of the guide sleeve 19 is fixed, wherein on the flange of the guide sleeve, a cylindrical pipe socket is formed, in which a recess is incorporated as a guide window 20. Furthermore, 19 elongated holes or slots 21 are provided in the flange of the guide sleeve, which serve for adjustable attachment to the retaining element 18. The guide sleeve 19, which is arranged fixedly between the outer circumference of the acceleration sleeve 12 and the edges of the blades 14 facing the axis of rotation, serves to guide the blasting medium to a predetermined path. It ensures that the dry ice jet is distributed in a defined direction. Through the existing slots 21, the beam can be adjusted individually and continuously, depending on the desired beam direction.

Wie oben beschrieben ist, ist die Beschleunigungshülse 12 an einen Halter 11 befestigt. Der Halter besteht aus einem zylindrischen Teil und dem mit dem Befestigungsflansch der Antriebswelle 4 verbundenen Flansch in der Stirnseite des zylindrischen Teils sind Aussparungen fertigungstechnischer Natur vorgesehen.As described above, the acceleration sleeve 12 is fixed to a holder 11. The holder consists of a cylindrical part and the flange connected to the mounting flange of the drive shaft 4 in the front side of the cylindrical part recesses manufacturing technology nature are provided.

Die Beschleunigungshülse 12 kann als Hauptmodul des Schleuderrads bezeichnet werden, da sie das Strahlmittel auf die einzelnen Schaufeln 14 verteilt und ein wichtiges Verbindungsglied zwischen der Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 und den Schaufeln 14 darstellt. Weiterhin sorgt die Beschleunigungshülse 12 für eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Strahlmittels. Sie beschleunigt das Strahlmittel auf ungefähr die Geschwindigkeit, die die Schaufeln am geringsten Durchmesser aufweisen.The acceleration sleeve 12 can be used as the main module of the Impeller, as it distributes the blasting agent to the individual blades 14 and an important link between the Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 and the blades 14 represents. Furthermore, the acceleration sleeve 12 ensures a uniform distribution of the blasting agent. It accelerates the blasting media to approximately the speed that the blades of the smallest diameter have.

Die Beschleunigungshülse 12, die näher in den Fign. 4a bis 4c dargestellt ist, besteht aus einem zylindrischen Ringkörper mit im Ausführungsbeispiel 6 gleichmäßig verteilten, radialen Durchgangsöffnungen 23, die für eine gute Weiterleitung des Strahlmittels auf die Schaufeln sorgen. Die dem Halter 11 abgewandete Seite der Beschleunigungshülse ist im Mittelbereich frei und dient als Zugangsbereich für das Strahlmittel aus der Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15. An den Stirnseiten verfügt die Beschleunigungshülse 12 über Gewindebohrungen 24, mit deren Hilfe die Hülse 12 zum einen an dem Halter 11 und zum anderen an die Haltescheibe 13 der Schaufeln 14 sowie an die Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 montiert werden kann. Die dem Halter 11 zugewandte Stirnfläche kann Aussparungen 25 aufweisen, die zur Zentrierung dienen. Die zwischen den radialen Durchgangsöffnungen 23 der Beschleunigungshülse 12 vorhandenen Innenstege 26 sind mit Radien versehen, so dass das Strahlmittel ungehindert in die Durchgangsöffnungen 23 gelangt, ohne hängen zu bleiben. Weiterhin sind die Flächen (s. Fig. 4b) leicht konkav (vom Außenumfang gesehen) gestaltet, so dass das Strahlmittel eine leicht mittige Führung hat. Die Beschleunigungshülse ist im Innenbereich vollständig geschliffen, damit das Strahlmittel nicht bereits bei der Beschleunigung zu hohen mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt ist.The acceleration sleeve 12, which is closer in Figs. 4a to 4c, consists of a cylindrical annular body with evenly distributed in the embodiment 6, radial passage openings 23, which ensure good transfer of the blasting agent to the blades. The side facing away from the holder 11 of the acceleration sleeve is free in the central region and serves as access area for the blasting agent from the Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15. At the end faces, the acceleration sleeve 12 has threaded holes 24, with the aid of the sleeve 12 on the one hand to the holder 11 and the other can be mounted on the retaining plate 13 of the blades 14 and the pre-acceleration sleeve 15. The holder 11 facing end face may have recesses 25 which serve for centering. The existing between the radial through holes 23 of the acceleration sleeve 12 inner webs 26 are provided with radii, so that the blasting agent passes unhindered into the through holes 23 without getting caught. Furthermore, the surfaces (see Fig. 4b) are slightly concave (seen from the outer circumference) designed so that the blasting agent has a slightly central guide. The acceleration sleeve is completely ground inside, so that the blasting medium is not already too high during acceleration Is exposed to stress.

Die Wurfschaufeln 14 bilden das Ende der Leitbahn des Strahlmittels. Beim Verlassen der Schaufeln 14 hat das Strahlmittel die Endgeschwindigkeit erreicht. Auf der Schaufel wird das Strahlmittel stark auf Abwurfgeschwindigkeit beschleunigt, so dass es hohen mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt ist. Die Schaufeln 14 weisen eine rechteckige Form mit leicht gekrümmter Bahn auf, wobei seitliche Stege gewährleisten, dass sich das Strahlmittel auf einer gleichmäßigen Strahlbahn befindet. Die Ablaufbahn, d.h., die Oberflächen der Schaufelinnenseiten werden geschliffen bzw. glatt poliert oder sind beschichtet, damit die Reibung zwischen den Schaufeln und dem Strahlmittel möglichst gering ist.The throwing blades 14 form the end of the conductive path of the blasting medium. When leaving the blades 14, the blasting medium has reached the final speed. On the blade, the blasting agent is accelerated sharply to the discharge speed, so that it is exposed to high mechanical loads. The blades 14 have a rectangular shape with a slightly curved path, wherein lateral webs ensure that the blasting agent is on a uniform beam path. The trajectory, i.e., the surfaces of the blade inner sides, are polished or are coated so that the friction between the blades and the abrasive is minimized.

Die Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 (s. Fig. 3) dient dazu, das zudosierte Strahlmittel auf eine Umfangsgeschwindigkeit zu bringen, die gleich der geringsten Geschwindigkeit in der Beschleunigungshülse ist. Dabei wird das Strahlmittel aus der geradlinigen Bewegung in die Rotationsbewegung versetzt. Die Vorbeschleunigungshülse weist einen Innenkonus 27 sowie einen Befestigungsflansch 28 zur Befestigung an der Haltescheibe bzw. an der Beschleunigungshülse 12 und, wie erwähnt, eine Aufnahme 29 für ein Radialkugellager 17 auf. Die Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 muss derart ausgebildet und befestigt werden, dass an der Übergangsstelle zwischen Innenfläche der Vorbeschleunigungshülse und Haltescheibe sowie Beschleunigungshülse keine Taschen oder Mulden auftreten, sondern ein kontinuierlicher Übergang. Dazu ist der Innenkonus 27 über den Befestigungsflansch hinaus in Richtung der Beschleunigungshülse 12 verlängert, um den Übergangsbereich auszugleichen. Auch bei der Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 sind die Innenflächen geschliffen oder poliert oder auf eine sonstige Art glatt gemacht (z.B. beschichtet), um eine Verstopfung zu vermeiden.The pre-acceleration sleeve 15 (see Fig. 3) serves to bring the metered blasting agent to a peripheral speed which is equal to the lowest speed in the acceleration sleeve. In this case, the blasting agent is offset from the rectilinear motion in the rotational movement. The Vorbeschleunigungshülse has an inner cone 27 and a mounting flange 28 for attachment to the retaining disk or on the acceleration sleeve 12 and, as mentioned, a receptacle 29 for a radial ball bearing 17. The pre-acceleration sleeve 15 must be designed and fastened in such a way that no pockets or depressions occur at the transition point between the inner surface of the pre-acceleration sleeve and holding disk and the acceleration sleeve, but rather a continuous transition. For this purpose, the inner cone 27 is extended beyond the mounting flange in the direction of the acceleration sleeve 12 to compensate for the transition region. Also with the pre-acceleration sleeve 15, the inner surfaces are ground or polished or otherwise smoothed (eg, coated) to avoid clogging.

Die Funktionsweise der Vorrichtung ist wie folgt.The operation of the device is as follows.

Das aus dem Vorratsbehälter 10 in den Schneckenförderer zugeführte Trockeneis in Form von Pellets wird von der Schnecke axial in die Vorbeschleunigungshülse 15 geliefert, in der aufgrund der sich erweiternden Innengeometrie die Trockeneispellets neben der axialen Bewegung zum Schleuderrad radial vorbeschleunigt werden und zwar bis zu einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit, die gleich der geringsten Geschwindigkeit in der Beschleunigungshülse ist. In der Beschleunigungshülse werden die Pellets weiter beschleunigt bis auf etwa die Geschwindigkeit, die die Innenkanten der Schaufeln, d.h. die der Beschleunigungshülse zugewandten Innenkanten (Schaufelfuß) aufweisen. Dabei werden die Pellets durch die radialen Öffnungen auf die Schaufeln geleitet, wobei aufgrund der abgerundeten Innengeometrie der Beschleunigungshülse die Pellets gut weitergeleitet werden. Über die einstellbare Leithülse mit dem Leitfenster kann der Abwurfwinkel stufenlos eingestellt werden. Auf den Wurfschaufeln werden die Trockeneispellets bis auf Abwurfgeschwindigkeit beschleunigt und abgeworfen.The dry ice in the form of pellets fed from the reservoir 10 into the screw conveyor is delivered axially by the screw into the pre-acceleration sleeve 15 in which, due to the widening internal geometry, the dry ice pellets are radially pre-accelerated in addition to the axial movement to the blower wheel up to a peripheral speed. which is equal to the lowest speed in the accelerator sleeve. In the accelerating sleeve, the pellets are further accelerated to about the speed that the inner edges of the blades, i. having the acceleration sleeve facing inner edges (blade root). The pellets are passed through the radial openings on the blades, which due to the rounded inner geometry of the acceleration sleeve, the pellets are well forwarded. The drop-out angle can be infinitely adjusted via the adjustable guide sleeve with the guide window. On the throwing blades, the dry ice pellets are accelerated to the discharge speed and dropped.

Zur Untersuchung der mechanischen Belastung des Strahlmittels Trockeneis durch Stoß bei der Zudosierung sowie Anpresskraft an den Schaufelflächen wurden Versuche mit einer Hochgeschwindigkeitskamera durchgeführt. Dabei wurden die Trockeneispartikel nach dem Abwurf aufgenommen sowie deren Abwurfgeschwindigkeit, Verteilung und Größe bestimmt. Bei einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von 2400 U/min und einem Schaufelraddurchmesser von 400 mm konnte eine Abwurfgeschwindigkeit von 62,8 m/s erreicht werden. Mit Hilfe der Hochgeschwindigkeitsvideografie konnte analog zu konventionellen Schleuderradstrahlsystemen beobachtet werden, dass auf das Strahlgut kein kontinuierlicher Strahlmittelfluss, sondern in jeweiligen Abständen, abhängig von der Schaufelanzahl und Drehzahl des Schleuderrads eine Körnerschar einwirkt. Unter der Strahlstoßkraft wird diejenige Kraft verstanden, die der Strahl durch die zeitliche Änderung seines Impulses beim Auftreffen auf eine ebene Platte ausübt. Diese Impulsänderung wird durch einen Kraftanteil beschrieben. Beim Trockeneisstrahlen existiert durch die explosionsartige Sublimation der Pellets beim Auftreffen auf die Druckplatte eine weitere Kraftkomponente. Diese ist jedoch im Vergleich zur Impulsänderung vernachlässigbar klein. Die Untersuchung der Strahlstoßkraft erfolgte in Abhängigkeit von der Drehzahl des Schaufelrades. Dabei stieg die Strahlstoßkraft bei Erhöhung der Drehzahl und erreichte einen Wert von 12,7 N bei einer Drehzahl von 2400/min.To investigate the mechanical stress of the blasting abrasive dry ice by impact during the addition and contact pressure on the blade surfaces, experiments were carried out with a high-speed camera. The dry ice particles were taken up after discharge and their discharge speed, distribution and size were determined. At a peripheral speed of 2400 rpm and a paddle wheel diameter of 400 mm, a discharge speed of 62.8 m / s was achieved. With the aid of high-speed videography, it was possible, analogously to conventional blast wheel jet systems, to observe that the blasting material does not have a continuous flow of blasting medium, but at intervals, depending on the number of blades and the speed of the blasting wheel, a group of grains acts. The jet impact force is understood to mean the force that the beam exerts by the temporal change of its momentum when hitting a flat plate. This change in momentum is described by a force component. In dry ice blasting, there is another force component due to the explosive sublimation of the pellets as they hit the pressure plate. However, this is negligible compared to the momentum change. The investigation of the jet impact force was carried out as a function of the speed of the impeller. The jet impact force increased with increasing speed and reached a value of 12.7 N at a speed of 2400 / min.

Claims (14)

Vorrichtung zum Schleuderstrahlen von empfindlichen Strahlmitteln, insbesondere Trockeneis, mit einem rotierenden Schleuderrad (1), das über den Umfang verteilte Wurfschaufeln (14) aufweist, einer im Mittelbereich des Schleuderrades angeordnete, mit dem Schleuderrad rotierende Beschleunigungshülse (12) und einer Zufuhrvorrichtung (3) zum Zuführen des Strahlmittels in die Beschleunigungshülse (12), wobei die Zufuhrvorrichtung eine Vorbeschleunigungshülse (15), eine sich zum Schleuderrad hin erweiternde Innengeometrie zur axialen und radialen Vorbeschleunigung des zuzuführenden Strahlmittels zum Schleuderrad (1) hin aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschleunigungshülse als zylindrischer Ringkörper ausgebildet ist, der mit radialen Durchgangsöffnungen (23) versehen ist.Device for the centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting media, in particular dry ice, with a rotating blast wheel (1) which has throwing blades (14) distributed over the circumference, an acceleration sleeve (12) arranged in the central region of the blast wheel and rotating with the blast wheel and a feed device (3) for feeding the blasting medium into the accelerating sleeve (12), wherein the feed device has a pre-acceleration sleeve (15), an inner geometry widening towards the blast wheel for axial and radial pre-acceleration of the blasting medium to be supplied to the blast wheel (1),
characterized in that the acceleration sleeve is formed as a cylindrical annular body which is provided with radial passage openings (23). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innengeometrie, wie Innenstege (26) der Beschleunigungshülse (12) mit Radien versehen ist.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal geometry, such inner webs (26) is provided to the acceleration sleeve (12) with radii. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innenstege (26) vom Außenumfang der Beschleunigungshülse (12) gesehen konkav ausgebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the inner webs (26) seen from the outer periphery of the acceleration sleeve (12) is concave. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innenflächen der Vorbeschleunigungshülse (15) und/oder der Beschleunigungshülse durch Schleifen, Polieren oder dergleichen geglättet sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner surfaces the Vorbeschleunigungshülse (15) and / or the acceleration sleeve are smoothed by grinding, polishing or the like. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Beschleunigungshülse (12) und Wurfschaufeln (14) des Schleuderrades (1) eine zylindrische, mit einem Fenster (20) versehene Leithülse (19) ortsfest angeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between the acceleration sleeve (12) and throwing blades (14) of the centrifugal wheel (1) a cylindrical, with a window (20) provided guide sleeve (19) is arranged stationary. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leithülse (19) Einstellmittel (21) zum vorzugsweise stufenlosen Einstellen der Strahlrichtung aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the guide sleeve (19) adjusting means (21) for preferably stepless adjustment of the beam direction. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschleunigungshülse (12) mit einem an einer Antriebswelle befestigten Halter (11) und der Vorbeschleunigungshülse (15) verbunden ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the acceleration sleeve (12) is connected to a drive shaft attached to a holder (11) and the pre-acceleration sleeve (15). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorbeschleunigungshülse (15) derart ausgebildet und mit der Beschleunigungshülse (12) verbunden ist, dass ein kontinuierlicher Übergang zwischen der Innenfläche der Vorbeschleunigungshülse (15) und der Innenumfangsfläche der Beschleunigungshülse gegeben ist.Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the Vorbeschleunigungshülse (15) is formed and connected to the acceleration sleeve (12), that a continuous transition between the inner surface of the Vorbeschleunigungshülse (15) and the inner peripheral surface of the acceleration sleeve is given. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zufuhrvorrichtung (3) derart ausgebildet ist, dass sie eine Steuerung des Massenstroms und eine kontinuierliche Zufuhr zulässt.Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the supply device (3) is designed such that it allows control of the mass flow and a continuous supply. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitflächen der Wurfschaufeln für das Strahlmittel durch Schleifen, Polieren oder dergleichen geglättet sind oder eine reibungsarme Beschichtung aufweisen.Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the guide surfaces of the Blasting blades for the abrasive are smoothed by grinding, polishing or the like or have a low-friction coating. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaufeln (14) an einer Haltescheibe (13) angebracht sind, die ihrerseits mit der Vorbeschleunigungshülse (15) und der Beschleunigungshülse (12) verbunden ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the blades (14) on a retaining disc (13) are mounted, which in turn with the pre-acceleration sleeve (15) and the acceleration sleeve (12) is connected. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaufeln lösbar und austauschbar montiert sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the blades are releasably mounted and replaceable. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schleuderrad zumindest teilweise aus Materialien geringer Dichte oder in Leichtbauweise hergestellt ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the blast wheel is at least partially made of materials of low density or in lightweight construction. Verfahren zum Schleuderstrahlen von empfindlichen Strahlmitteln, insbesondere Trockeneis über ein Schleuderrad mit Schaufeln, bei dem das axial geförderte Strahlmittel in einer ersten Stufe mit einer axialen und radialen Komponente auf eine Umfangsgeschwindigkeit vorbeschleunigt wird, die in etwa der geringsten Geschwindigkeit einer rotierenden, mit radialen Öffnungen versehenen Beschleunigungshülse als zweite Stufe entspricht, wobei das so vorbeschleunigte Strahlmittel in deren Mittenbereich zugeführt wird und weiter beschleunigt und nach außen zu den und durch die Öffnungen der Beschleunigungshülse auf gleichfalls rotierende Schaufeln geleitet wird, wobei das Strahlmittel in der Beschleunigungshülse auf etwa die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Schaufeln gebracht wird, die sie in der Nähe der Öffnungen aufweisen.A method for the centrifugal blasting of sensitive blasting media, in particular dry ice over a blast wheel with blades, in which the axially conveyed blasting medium is pre-accelerated in a first stage with an axial and radial component to a peripheral speed which is approximately the lowest velocity of a rotating, radially apertured blast Acceleration sleeve as a second stage, the thus pre-accelerated blasting medium is fed into its center region and further accelerated and passed outwardly to and through the openings of the accelerating sleeve on likewise rotating blades, wherein the blasting agent in the accelerating sleeve brought to about the peripheral speed of the blades which they have close to the openings.
EP07090092A 2006-06-20 2007-04-27 Device and use thereof for centrifugal blasting with dry ice Not-in-force EP1870205B1 (en)

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GB510681A (en) * 1937-02-04 1939-08-04 Ame Ets A Sisson Lehmann Improvements in and relating to centrifugally spraying matter suspended in fluids
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DK1870205T3 (en) 2010-10-18
DE502007004304D1 (en) 2010-08-19
EP1870205B1 (en) 2010-07-07
ATE473068T1 (en) 2010-07-15
DE102006029437B4 (en) 2011-09-15
DE102006029437A1 (en) 2008-01-10

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