EP2099585B1 - Device and method for the surface peening of a component of a gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for surface peening, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, of a component of a gas turbine, having at least one vibration device that includes a surface that impinges the blasting material, and having a holding device by which a surface area of the component can be positioned relative to the surface of the vibration device, the surface of the vibration device being subdivided into at least two adjacent partial surfaces, each including an overlapping part by which a part of the surface area of the component can be treated by blasting material impinged both by the one and by the other partial surface.

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for surface blasting, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, a component of a gas turbine of the type specified in the preambles of claims 1 and 11 respectively.

Such a device and such a method are already known from EP 1 101 568 B1 respectively. FR 2 815 280 as known, wherein the rotor blades of a rotor designed as a blisk can be shot peened to improve the fatigue strength. The device comprises a holding device, with which the rotor is rotatably mounted about its axis of rotation. By rotating the rotor whose rotor blades are passed through a blasting chamber, on the underside of a vibration device in the form of an ultrasonic sonotrode with an at least approximately horizontally extending, the blasting material acts on or accelerating surface is arranged. The blasting chamber is thereby bounded both axially - ie in the region of the broad sides of the rotor - as well as radially - ie in the region of the rotor blades - the blisk by corresponding chamber walls. Since, in particular, the chamber walls of the blasting chamber, which are arranged radially to the rotor, are incapable of holding all the balls within the central blasting chamber, depending on the position of the respective rotor blades, they are each preceded or arranged in the radial direction of the rotor by two further chambers. Within these further chambers, balls passing over from the central beam chamber equipped with the sonotrode are collected and returned via corresponding channels.

However, a problem with these devices or with these methods is the fact that components with complex geometry can hardly be uniformly consolidated. This applies in particular to surface areas of the component which are not are arranged parallel to the vibrating surface of the vibration device or are moved in such a position.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device and a method of the type mentioned, with which the surface area of the component to be machined can be blasted and solidified extremely uniform.

This object is achieved by a device and a method having the features of claims 1 and 11, respectively. Advantageous embodiments with expedient and non-trivial developments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

In order to achieve an extremely homogeneous and uniform solidification of the overall radiating surface area of the component, it is provided in the inventive device, the surface of the vibration device divided into at least two adjacent sub-surfaces, each comprising an overlap part, by means of which a part of the machined Surface region of the component can be processed both by acted upon by one and the other sub-surface blasting. In the case of the method according to the invention, it is provided in this case to process the corresponding part of the surface area of the component to be machined one behind the other by blasting material acted on by the respective overlapping parts.

In other words, according to the invention, it is initially provided, instead of providing one oscillating surface, at least two adjacent oscillating sub-surfaces, by means of which it is possible to make a more individual adaptation to the respective surface sub-regions of the component. Such an adaptation can be, for example, that the two surfaces are arranged at different angles or act on a different or a different amount of blasting material. Thus, individual partial areas of the entire surface area of the component to be radiated can be blasted more individually in order to achieve a desired and as homogeneous as possible solidification.

However, so that the area between the two sub-surfaces can be solidified equally well, each of the sub-surfaces has an overlap part with which respective blasting material can be accelerated in the direction of this part of the surface area to be processed. In other words, it is achieved by the two overlapping parts that even in the intermediate space between the two sub-surfaces a homogeneous and good consolidation of the part of the machinable surface area of the component lying at this point is possible.

Overall, it is thus apparent that a possibility is created to use two individually adaptable sub-surfaces, whereby it is nevertheless ensured by the two overlapping parts that a very good solidification of the part of the surface region of the component to be processed is also carried out between the two sub-surfaces can be.

In a simple embodiment of the invention, the two adjacent sub-surfaces may lie in a common plane. This is possible in particular if the surface area of the component to be radiated has a lower complexity. If the two sub-surfaces lie in a common plane, then it is also conceivable that these are assigned to a common vibration device.

If, on the other hand, a surface area of the component is to be blasted of greater complexity, it has proved to be particularly advantageous in a further embodiment of the invention if the two sub-surfaces are arranged at an angle to one another, so that the two sub-surfaces are optimally aligned with the respective part to be radiated can be adapted to be processed surface area.

The two adjacent sub-surfaces are each assigned a separate blasting chamber, so that there is a division into at least two sub-chambers, in which there is always a constant amount of blasting material and thereby a uniform blasting result can be realized.

Moreover, it is then possible to realize a transition-free blasting between the two sub-surfaces, which are acted upon by the different vibration devices. Furthermore, a synchronous double-sided blasting of thin-walled components is possible by means of the two partial surface areas arranged within the respective blast chambers, without it being possible for an unirradiated or insufficient blasted area to occur in the boundary region of the two chambers. The synchronous blasting of the thin-walled components in particular ensures that they are not unintentionally deformed.

The separation between the two sub-surfaces is particularly easily realized by a partition, which may be formed in cross-section, for example, S-shaped. Of course, it would also be conceivable to form the partition wall as a flat wall, which then however has to run obliquely so that the blasting material acted upon by the two overlapping areas can each come to that part of the surface area of the component to be machined which lies between the two sub-surfaces.

As further advantageous, it has been shown when chamber walls of the blasting chamber are partially formed by slider walls. Such slide walls have the particular advantage that they can be moved to the component so after positioning of the component within the device that no blasting material can escape from the blasting chamber.

In addition, it has been found that the device according to the invention can be used in particular for surface blasting of rotors designed as blisk, since such blisks often have a relatively complex surface geometry. Accordingly, it is possible with the device according to the invention to solidify the complex surface geometry extremely homogeneous.

It has also proven to be advantageous if the rotor is rotatable about its axis of rotation, whereby the part of the surface region of the rotor to be machined in a row can be acted upon by both the one and the other part surface accelerated blasting material.

In particular, when an obliquely oriented surface of the at least one vibration device is used, it has proved to be advantageous if a distribution device is provided, through which the steel material collecting at the lowest point of the surface can be distributed uniformly over it.

The advantages of the device according to the invention are also to be regarded as advantages of the method according to the invention. It would also be conceivable in the method according to the invention that the at least two sub-surfaces are aligned relative to the surface area of the component or the rotor to be radiated.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Perspektivansicht auf einen als Blisk ausgebildeten und um eine Rotationsachse drehbaren Rotor, an dessen Scheibe eine Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen gestrichelt angedeutet ist;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Schnittansicht durch den Rotor gemäß Fig. 1, wodurch die Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen der Scheibe erkennbar wird, welche zwei Teiloberflächen umfasst, welchen jeweils eine separate Strahlkammer zugeordnet ist;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Schnittansicht durch die beiden Teiloberflächen von je- weils zugehörigen Vibrationseinrichtungen sowie durch die zugehörigen bei- den Strahlkammern, welche durch eine S-förmige Trennwand voneinander unterteilt sind entlang der Linie III-III in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

eine alternative Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen, mit welcher der Scheibenbereich einer mehrere Stufen umfassenden Blisk strahlbar ist; und in

Fig. 5

eine schematische Schnittansicht entlang der Linie V-V in Fig. 4, wobei drei Teiloberflächen von jeweiligen Vibrationseinrichtungen erkennbar sind, wel- che durch jeweilige S-förmige Trennwände von jeweiligen Strahlkammern unterteilt sind.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawings; these show in:

Fig. 1

a schematic perspective view of a designed as a blisk and rotatable about a rotation axis rotor, on whose disk a device for surface blasting is indicated by dashed lines;

Fig. 2

a schematic sectional view through the rotor according to Fig. 1 whereby the device for surface-blasting the disc is recognizable, which comprises two sub-surfaces, each associated with a separate blasting chamber;

Fig. 3

a schematic sectional view through the two sub-surfaces of each associated vibration devices and through the associated two beam chambers, which are divided by an S-shaped partition from each other along the line III-III in Fig. 2 ;

Fig. 4

an alternative embodiment of the device for surface blasting, with which the disc region of a multi-stage blisk is radiated; and in

Fig. 5

a schematic sectional view taken along the line VV in Fig. 4 wherein three sub-surfaces of respective vibrating means are recognizable, which are subdivided by respective S-shaped partitions of respective blasting chambers.

In Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rotatable rotor of a gas turbine in the form of a blisk 10 schematically visible. In synopsis with Fig. 2 , which shows the blisk 10 in a schematic sectional view, the basic individual areas of which are more clearly recognizable. In particular, a blisk disk 12 can be seen, on whose outer peripheral side a multiplicity of rotor blades 14 are arranged. Of the blisk disk 12 is essentially an in Fig. 2 line-shaped, outer peripheral side sheet 16 visible, radially inwardly or in the drawing down a Unterblattformbereich 18 connects. The lower sheet-forming region 18 merges radially inwards into a disk neck 20, which connects the lower sheet-forming region to a disk body 22. The radially inner end of the disk body 22 is formed by a hub 24, which is a counterweight to the rotor blades 14. From the disk body 22 is on the right in the drawing page of the blisk disk 12 from a wing 26 which comprises a web 28 and a substantially U-shaped portion 30. The blisk 10 is designed to be rotatable or rotationally symmetrical about a rotation axis R overall.

An apparatus for shot peening a lower portion of the blisk disk 12 is shown in FIG Fig. 1 a holding device 32 by two symbolically indicated bearing blocks 34, via which the blisk 10 is rotatably supported about its axis of rotation R or stored. In addition, in Fig. 1 a blasting chamber arrangement 36 indicated by dashed lines, which in conjunction with Fig. 2 becomes more apparent. In the present case, the blasting chamber arrangement 36 comprises two methods which will be described in more detail below separate jet chambers 38, 40, which in the present case in each case one of the respective blasting material acting on part surface 42, 44 of a respective vibration device 46, 48 is assigned. In the present case, the vibration devices 46, 48 are designed as ultrasonic sonotrodes with which a blasting material introduced within the respective blasting chamber 38, 40 can be accelerated, for example in the form of spheres. Accordingly, in the present case, a radially inner surface area of the blisk disk 12 can be shot peened, which is located in - Fig. 2 viewed from the left side of the disk body 22 to the U-shaped portion 30 of the wing 26 extends. This surface area can be machined or solidified around the blisk disk 12 by rotating the blisk 10 mounted on the holding device 32 about its axis of rotation R. As a result, the blisk 10 is positioned or positioned relative to the oscillating sub-surfaces 42, 44 of the respective vibration device 46, 48 by means of the holding device 32.

Of the two jet chambers 38, 40 are each outer side radial chamber walls 50, 52 and a further explained in more detail central partition 54 can be seen. At the radial end faces 56 of the jet chambers 3 8, 40 chamber walls are also provided. The chamber walls 50, 52 can be designed to be flexible or provided with seals, not shown, so that no blasting material between these and the blisk disk 12 can escape. However, at least the chamber walls 50, 52 are brought so close to the blisk disk 12, that at most results in a gap which is significantly smaller than the diameter of the blasting material used.

In synopsis with Fig. 3 , which the two jet chambers 38, 40 or arranged within these surfaces 42, 44 of the associated vibration means 46, 48 along the line III-III in Fig. 2 1, it can be seen that the two partial surfaces 42, 44 forming the entire surface of the surface which vibrates or acts on the material to be blasted in each case comprise an overlapping part 58, 60 which is subdivided in the region of the partition wall 54. In particular, is off Fig. 3 In addition, it can be seen that a part 64 represented by the two dashed lines 62-in the present case the end face of the hub 24-of the surface area of the blisk disc 12 both above the one as well as the other overlap part 58, 60 is arranged when the blisk 10 is rotated in accordance with its axis of rotation R. In other words, therefore, the part 64 of the surface area comes within both a blasting chamber 38 and the other blasting chamber 40, in which the associated blasting material is accelerated via the respective sub-surface 42, 44. In Fig. 3 the direction of rotation of the blisk 10 is shown by the arrow 65. Accordingly, the portion 64 of the surface area of the blisk disk 12 first passes through the blasting chamber 38 and then the blasting chamber 40, so that the part 64 is successively acted upon by blasting material accelerated by one and the other sub-surface 42, 44. Of course, instead of the rotational movement of the component 10 provided here, it would also be conceivable, in particular for non-rotationally symmetrical components, to move it in a linear movement relative to the partial surface 42, 44.

The arrangement of the two overlapping parts 58 makes it possible, on the one hand, to use separate jet chambers 38, 40, for example, to arrange the partial surfaces 42, 44 at an angle to one another or to introduce an adapted quantity of abrasive material or to exert a corresponding jet intensity on the partial surface to be machined. In addition, by the arrangement of such two jet chambers 3 8, 40, a synchronous machining of components - in the present case, for example, the disk body 22 - possible. In addition, it is ensured by the overlapping parts 58, 60 that the middle part 64 is equally well exposed to blasting material.

The partition wall 54 is S-shaped in the present embodiment. However, it would rather also be conceivable to use a flat partition wall 54 which extends obliquely between the two radial end faces 56.

Thus, with the two jet chambers 38,40 and an undercut contour - as in the present case in the region of the disk body 22 and its scar 24 - can be sealed against the escape of blasting material in the present embodiment, the chamber walls on the front side 56 partially by slide walls 66, 68 formed, which are displaceable in the direction of the arrows 67, 69. This makes it possible, the two jet chambers 38, 40 relative to the blisk disk 12 to arrange substantially dense. As is included in the scope of the invention, it should be considered that such slide walls 66, 68 could also be used to separate the two blasting chambers 38, 40 in the region of the partition wall 54 closely from one another. By this division into the two jet chambers 38, 40, a uniform jet result can thus be achieved despite interference contours, so that there is no displacement of the number of balls or the amount of blasting material in the two different beam areas despite the nested partitions 54, resulting in a different Intensity training would lead to solidification.

In the present embodiment, both sub-surfaces 42, 44 lie in a common plane. As a result, it is conceivable to operate both surfaces 42, 44 also by means of a common vibration device 46 or 48.

In synopsis of 4 and 5 Finally, an alternative embodiment of the device for surface blasting is recognizable. This shows Fig. 4 a two-stage blisk 10, which thus comprises two blisk disks 12, which is associated with an outer peripheral side circumferential arrangement of associated rotary blades 14. On one side, the blisk 10 terminates on a radially encircling wing 70 and on the other side on a radially encircling flange 72. Between the wing 70 and the flange 72 three blasting chambers 74, 76, 78 are provided, each of the blasting chambers 74 , 76, 78 a partial surface 80, 82, 84 having vibration means 86, 88, 90 is provided. Out Fig. 4 It can be seen that the partial surface 80 is arranged at an angle or V-shaped relative to the two other partial surfaces 82, 84. The two sub-surfaces 82, 84, however, are arranged in a plane. The two outer blast chambers 74, 78 comprise outer chamber walls 92, 94, through which the blast chambers 74, 78 are closed relative to the flange 72 and the wing 70, respectively. For each adjacent blasting chamber 74, 76, 78 toward two partitions 96, 98 are provided, which present - in contrast to the execution according to Fig. 2 - Do not connect the end face of the associated scar 24, but rather axially on the outside.

In synopsis with Fig. 5 , which the jet chambers 74, 76, 78 and arranged in this area sub-surfaces 80, 82, 84 along the line VV in Fig. 4 schematically shows, it can be seen that the two partitions 96, 98 are again formed substantially S-shaped. The middle blasting chamber 76 or the middle sub-surface 82 is therefore bounded laterally by both partitions 96, 98.

By the S-shaped partitions 96, 98 in turn each overlap parts 100, 102, 104, 106 of the sub-surfaces 80, 82, 84, through which a part 108, 110 of the surface to be machined surface of the blisk disk 12 - in this case in turn the respective End face of the respective scar 24 - can be acted upon both by the one and the other part surface 80, 82, 84 accelerated blasting material. The parts 108, 110 are indicated by the lines 112 in FIG Fig. 5 indicated by dashed lines. The peculiarity of the present exemplary embodiment is that the middle partial surface 82 has two overlapping parts 102, 104, which are arranged with the respective corresponding overlapping parts 100, 106 in the region of the respective part 108, 110 of the blisk disc 12 to be processed. Overall, however, it is again achieved with this arrangement that individually adjustable conditions prevail within the three jet chambers 74, 76, 78, so that the blisk disk 12 can be surface-blasted extremely in line with needs and in a homogeneous manner. In order to be able to achieve an equally good solidification of the surface in the region of the two hubs 24 or in the region of the parts 108, 110, at which the graduation of the jet chambers 74, 76, 78 takes place, the respective partition walls 96, 98 are again S-shaped formed stepped, so that in the course of the rotation of the blisk 10 shown by the arrow 114, the parts 108, 110 of the respective hub 24 both above the respective one and the other overlap part 100, 102, 104, 106 are arranged and accordingly with blasting the different jet chambers 74, 76, 78 are acted upon. In other words, the portion 108, 110 of the surface area of the blisk disk 12 passes through in the direction of the blisk upon rotation Arrow 114, first, the blasting chamber 82 and then the blasting chamber 80 and 84, so that the respective part 108, 110 in succession is acted upon both by the one and by the other part surface 82 and 80 and 84 accelerated blasting material.

On a front side 116 of the jet chambers 74, 76, 78, in turn, a plurality of sliding walls 120, 122, 124, 126 are provided, with which the undercut contour of the two disk body 22 and the scar 24 can be closed, so that a blasting material from the respective blasting chamber 74, 76, 78 can escape. The sliding walls 120, 122, 124, 126 are displaceable along the arrows 127 for this purpose. In the present case, the sub-surfaces 42, 44 and 80, 82, 84 each extend obliquely to a perpendicular to the axis of rotation R. As included within the scope of the invention, however, it is to be considered that the sub-surfaces 42, 44 or 80, 82, 84 are also parallel to Rotation axis R or perpendicular to a vertical axis of rotation R could run.

Claims (14)

1. A device for the surface peening, in particular ultrasonic shot peening, of a component (10) of a gas turbine, having at least one vibration device (46, 48; 86, 88, 90), which comprises a surface (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) acting upon the peening material, and having a holding device (34), by means of which a surface area of the component (10) can be arranged relative to the surface of the vibration device (46, 48; 86, 88, 90), wherein the surface of the vibration device (46, 48; 86, 88, 90) is divided into at least two adjacent partial surfaces (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) which in each case comprise an overlapping portion (58, 60; 100, 102, 104) by means of which a portion (64; 108, 110) of the surface area of the component (10) can be treated by peening material upon which both the one and the other partial surface (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) act, characterised in that associated with the two adjacent partial surfaces (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) there is in each case a separate peening chamber (38, 40; 74, 76, 78).
2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the two adjacent partial surfaces (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) lie in a common plane.
3. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the two adjacent partial surfaces (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) are arranged at an angle to each other.
4. A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that associated with the two adjacent partial surfaces (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) there is in each case a separate vibration device (46, 48; 86, 88, 90).
5. A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a separating wall (54; 96, 98) is arranged between the two adjacent partial surfaces (42, 44; 80, 82, 84).
6. A device according to claim 5, characterised in that the separating wall (54; 96, 98) is formed so as to be substantially S-shaped in cross section.
7. A device according to claim 5, characterised in that the two peening chambers (38, 40; 74, 76, 78) are divided from each other by the separating wall (54; 96, 98).
8. A device according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterised in that chamber walls (50, 52; 92, 94) of the peening chamber (38, 40; 74, 76, 78) are formed in areas by sliding walls (66, 68; 120, 122, 124, 126).
9. A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the surface area of the component is associated with a rotor, in particular a blisk (10).
10. A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the component (10) can be rotated about its rotational axis (R), as a result of which the portion (64; 108, 110) of the surface area of the rotor (10) can be treated successively by peening material upon which both the one and the other partial surface (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) act.
11. Method for the surface peening, in particular ultrasonic shot peening, of a component (10) of a gas turbine, in which a surface area of the component (10) and a surface (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) of a vibration device (46, 48; 86, 88, 90) acting upon the peening material are arranged relative to one another and moved relative to one another during the surface peening, characterised in that a portion (64; 108, 110) of the surface area of the component (10) is treated successively by peening material upon which respective overlapping portions (58, 60; 100, 102, 104) of at least two adjacent partial surfaces (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) of the surface of the vibration device (46, 48; 86, 88, 90) act, wherein the two adjacent partial surfaces (42, 44, 80, 82, 84) are in each case associated with a separate peening chamber (38, 40, 74, 76, 78).
12. Method according to claim 11, characterised in that the portion (64; 108, 110) of the surface area of the component (10) is moved through the peening chambers (38, 40; 74, 76, 78) associated with the respective partial surfaces (42, 44; 80, 82, 84).
13. Method according to claim 11 and 12, characterised in that for surface peening the portion (64; 108, 110) of the surface area of the component (10) the component (10) is rotated about a rotational axis (R).
14. Method according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterised in that the surface area of the component (10) is arranged relative to the two partial surfaces (42, 44; 80, 82, 84) by means of a holding device (34).

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