EP1623794B1 - Device for peening workpiece surfaces - Google Patents

Device for peening workpiece surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1623794B1
EP1623794B1 EP05016117A EP05016117A EP1623794B1 EP 1623794 B1 EP1623794 B1 EP 1623794B1 EP 05016117 A EP05016117 A EP 05016117A EP 05016117 A EP05016117 A EP 05016117A EP 1623794 B1 EP1623794 B1 EP 1623794B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
processing chamber
arms
gas turbine
section
oscillating
Prior art date
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EP05016117A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1623794A1 (en
Inventor
Erwin Dr. Bayer
Thomas Dautl
Thomas Peschke
Holger Polanetzki
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MTU Aero Engines AG
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MTU Aero Engines GmbH
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Publication of EP1623794A1 publication Critical patent/EP1623794A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/005Vibratory devices, e.g. for generating abrasive blasts by ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/08Devices for generating abrasive blasts non-mechanically, e.g. of metallic abrasives by means of a magnetic field or by detonating cords
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S451/00Abrading
    • Y10S451/91Ultrasonic
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S72/00Metal deforming
    • Y10S72/71Vibrating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/47Burnishing
    • Y10T29/479Burnishing by shot peening or blasting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316Impeller making
    • Y10T29/4932Turbomachine making
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336Blade making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for surface blasting, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, of components, in particular gas turbine components, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Gas turbines in particular aircraft engines, have, in particular in the area of a compressor and a turbine, at least one rotor equipped with rotating blades, wherein the rotating rotor blades of the gas turbine are either anchored via profiled blade feet in recesses of the gas turbine rotor or are an integral part of a gas turbine rotor. If the blades are anchored via blade roots in corresponding recesses of the rotor, the blade feet are profiled according to either the so-called fir tree design or the so-called dove tail design.
  • the preferably fir-tree-profiled or dovetail-profiled surfaces of a blade root of a gas turbine blade are also referred to as support flanks or wings.
  • shot peening As a surface treatment method for solidifying components, in particular gas turbine components such as gas turbine blades, preferably shot peening is used.
  • conventional shot peening a significant surface roughening at the blasted surfaces can occur.
  • the US 2002/0042978 A1 relates to a method and apparatus for surface blasting of opposing surfaces on thin-walled components, particularly on blades of integrally bladed gas turbine rotors by ultrasonic shot peening.
  • the bladed rotor is rotated about a vertical or horizontal axis, each moving a portion of the blades through a processing chamber.
  • FIG. 2 of this document two ultrasonic sonotrodes with a vertical jet direction are arranged on two horizontal, vertically opposing walls of the processing chamber.
  • the blades can be processed simultaneously from opposite sides.
  • Figure 10 of this document shows a comparable arrangement. In an arrangement according to FIG.
  • sonotrodes with a horizontal jet direction could also be arranged on vertical walls of the processing chamber, the bottom of the processing chamber forming a third, horizontal wall. Nevertheless, in such an arrangement, the ball movement including reflection would not be optimal.
  • the present invention is based on the problem to provide a novel device for surface blasting, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, of components.
  • the processing chamber is W-shaped in cross-section, with two substantially vertically extending legs and two substantially horizontally extending legs, wherein at least the vertically extending legs of the processing chamber are formed by vibrating surfaces of a respective vibrator.
  • the substantially horizontally extending legs may be formed as surfaces of a respective vibrator or as injectors, wherein the injectors move the balls back onto the vibrating, substantially vertically extending legs.
  • the device according to the invention for surface blasting of components, a significantly better quality of machining of the surfaces of a component to be machined can be achieved compared to the devices known from the prior art.
  • the effectiveness in surface blasting is increased, on the other hand, inadmissible deformations of the thin-walled component sections which are to be blasted are avoided, in particular in the case of thin-walled components.
  • even thin-walled disks with so-called wings on integrally bladed gas turbine rotors can be bombarded with high intensity during ultrasonic shot peening without unduly deforming these complex-shaped components during surface blasting.
  • the cross-sectionally W-shaped processing chamber of two outer, substantially vertically extending long legs and two inner, substantially horizontally extending short leg is limited, each of the legs is formed by a vibrating surface of a respective vibrator , Preferably, a further vibrating surface of a vibrator is positioned in transition regions between outer, long legs and inner, short legs or in low points of the processing chamber having a W-shaped cross-section, or an injector for the balls is provided.
  • Fig. 1 shows a highly schematic of an inventive device 10 for ultrasonic shot peening in conjunction with a gas turbine blade 11, which is to radiate in the inventive device 10 on profiled support flanks or wings 12 and 13 of a blade root 14.
  • the gas turbine blade 11 projects with the blade root 14 into a processing chamber 15 provided by the device according to the invention, wherein an airfoil 16 of the gas turbine blade 11, which is not to be processed in FIG. 1, emerges from the processing chamber 15 of the device 10 according to the invention protrudes.
  • the processing chamber 15 is W-shaped in cross-section or characterized by a W-profile.
  • the cross-sectionally W-shaped processing chamber 15 is bounded by two outer, substantially vertically extending long legs 17 and 18 and two inner, substantially horizontally extending short legs 19 and 20.
  • each of these legs 17, 18, 19 and 20 is formed by a vibrating surface of a vibrator, namely an ultrasonic sonotrode.
  • the legs 17, 18, 19 and 20 of the W-shaped processing chamber 15 are therefore the vibrating surfaces of ultrasonic sonotrodes, wherein the oscillating portion of the surfaces is visualized by double arrows.
  • the support flanks or wings 12 and 13 of the radiant blade root 14 are fir tree profiled, and the legs 17 and 18 extend substantially parallel to an envelope 22 of the tannenbauprofil believing support flanks or wings 12 and 13.
  • the device 10 according to the invention thus makes it possible to radiate the blade root 14 simultaneously from both sides, that is to say in the area of both wings.
  • the processing chamber 15, which is W-shaped in cross section, is bounded by a total of six oscillating surfaces of corresponding ultrasonic sonotrodes or by four oscillating surfaces and two injectors. In the area of the outer, long legs 17 and 18 and the inner short leg 19 and 20, an ultrasonic sonotrode is positioned in each case. On the upper side, the processing chamber 15 is closed by a cover 21.
  • the projecting into the processing chamber 15 blade root 14 can be solidified in the device according to the invention in a particularly effective and gentle manner on the support flanks or wings 12 and 13.
  • the blade root 14 can be blasted from both sides at the same time, ie simultaneously in the area of both support flanks or wings 12 and 13.
  • FIG. 2 shows the device 10 according to the invention when blasting an integrally bladed gas turbine rotor 25 in the region of a rotor disk 26.
  • protrusions 27 - also called wings - extend almost completely over the open top W profile of the processing chamber 15, so can be dispensed with a cover at the top of the processing chamber 15.
  • the rotor disk 26 is blasted on both sides.
  • FIG. 3 shows the device 10 according to the invention when blasting an airfoil 16 of an integrally bladed gas turbine rotor 25. Also, airfoils 16 can be radiated effectively and at the same time gently by means of the device 10 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows the device 10 according to the invention when blasting the integrally bladed gas turbine rotor 25 in the region of a thin-walled wing 27 and a sealing fin 29.
  • the device 10 of FIG. 4 differs from the devices 10 of FIGS. 1 to 3 only in that Embodiment of Fig. 4, the two outer, long legs 17 and 18 are substantially parallel to each other. This W-shaped profile is particularly advantageous when blasting thin-walled wings.
  • a device for surface blasting of components wherein a processing chamber of the device has a W-profile or V-profile or in cross-section W-shaped or V-shaped, and wherein at least in the region of the substantially vertical legs of the profile vibrating surfaces of ultrasonic sonotrodes are positioned.
  • vibrating surfaces of ultrasonic sonotrodes or injectors are also positioned in the transition region between the outer and the inner legs, ie at the lowest point of the profiles.
  • the device according to the invention is preferably used for blasting thin-walled gas turbine components, in particular for blasting gas turbine blades in the area of their blade roots or blades, and for blasting integrally bladed gas turbine rotors in the area of the rotor disks and blades of the same.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen, insbesondere zum Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen, von Bauteilen, insbesondere Gasturbinenbauteilen, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for surface blasting, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, of components, in particular gas turbine components, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Gasturbinen, insbesondere Flugtriebwerke, verfügen insbesondere im Bereich eines Verdichters sowie einer Turbine über mindestens einen mit rotierenden Laufschaufeln bestückten Rotor, wobei die rotierenden Laufschaufeln der Gasturbine entweder über profilierte Schaufelfüße in Ausnehmungen des Gasturbinenrotors verankert oder integraler Bestandteil eines Gasturbinenrotors sind. Sind die Laufschaufeln über Schaufelfüße in entsprechenden Ausnehmungen des Rotors verankert, so sind die Schaufelfü-ße entweder nach dem sogenannten Tannenbaum-Design (fir tree design) oder nach dem sogenannten Schwalbenschwanz-Design (dove tail design) profiliert. Die vorzugsweise tannenbaumprofilierten oder schwalbenschwanzprofilierten Flächen eines Schaufelfußes einer Gasturbinenschaufel werden auch als Tragflanken oder Tragflächen bezeichnet. Während des Betriebs einer Gasturbine werden die Schaufelfüße an ihren profilierten Tragflächen insbesondere durch Reibverschleiß stark beansprucht. Die Verschleißrate im Bereich der Schaufelfüße kann dadurch herabgesetzt werden, dass die Schaufelfüße an ihren Tragflächen durch spezielle Oberflächenbearbeitungsverfahren verfestigt werden. Eine ähnliche Problematik stellt sich auch bei integral beschaufelten Gasturbinenrotoren, die im Bereich ihrer Rotorscheiben zur Minimierung der Verschleißrate verfestigt werden. Auch werden Schaufelblätter von Gasturbinenschaufeln an ihren Oberflächen zur Minimierung der Verschleißrate verfestigt.Gas turbines, in particular aircraft engines, have, in particular in the area of a compressor and a turbine, at least one rotor equipped with rotating blades, wherein the rotating rotor blades of the gas turbine are either anchored via profiled blade feet in recesses of the gas turbine rotor or are an integral part of a gas turbine rotor. If the blades are anchored via blade roots in corresponding recesses of the rotor, the blade feet are profiled according to either the so-called fir tree design or the so-called dove tail design. The preferably fir-tree-profiled or dovetail-profiled surfaces of a blade root of a gas turbine blade are also referred to as support flanks or wings. During operation of a gas turbine blade roots are heavily stressed on their profiled wings in particular by fretting. The wear rate in the region of the blade roots can be reduced by consolidating the blade roots on their wings by special surface treatment methods. A similar problem also arises with integrally bladed gas turbine rotors, which are solidified in the region of their rotor disks to minimize the wear rate. Also, blades of gas turbine blades are solidified on their surfaces to minimize wear rate.

Als Oberflächenbearbeitungsverfahren zum Verfestigen von Bauteilen, insbesondere von Gasturbinebauteilen wie Gasturbinenschaufeln, kommt vorzugsweise das Kugelstrahlen zum Einsatz. Beim konventionellen Kugelstrahlen kann sich eine erhebliche Oberflächenaufrauung an den gestrahlten Flächen einstellen. Zur Verbesserung der sich beim Kugelstrahlen einstellenden Bearbeitungsqualität ist es aus dem Stand der Technik gemäß US 6,536,109 B2 bereits bekannt, zum Beispiel Schaufelfüße von Gasturbinenschaufeln im Bereich ihrer profilierten Tragflächen durch Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen zu verfestigen.As a surface treatment method for solidifying components, in particular gas turbine components such as gas turbine blades, preferably shot peening is used. In conventional shot peening, a significant surface roughening at the blasted surfaces can occur. In order to improve the machining quality which occurs during shot peening, it is known from the prior art US 6,536,109 B2 already known, for example, to consolidate blade roots of gas turbine blades in the region of their profiled wings by ultrasonic shot peening.

So offenbart die US 6,536,109 B2 eine entsprechende Vorrichtung mit einer Ultraschall-Sonotrode, wobei die Ultraschall-Sonotrode eine horizontal bzw. waagrecht verlaufende, vibrierende bzw. schwingende Oberfläche aufweist, und wobei sich oberhalb dieser schwingenden Oberfläche eine Bearbeitungskammer erstreckt, in welcher Gasturbinenschaufeln mit ihren Schaufelfüßen zur Bearbeitung derselben im Bereich ihrer Tragflächen stehend angeordnet sind. Gemäß der US 6 536 109 B2 sind dabei die zu bearbeitenden Gasturbinenschaufeln derart stehend ausgerichtet, dass die zu bearbeitenden, profilierten Tragflächen der Schaufelfüße im wesentlichen senkrecht zu der schwingenden Oberfläche der Ultraschall-Sonotrode verlaufen. Hiermit kann nur eine ungenügende Qualität beim Kugelstrahlen der profilierten Tragflächen der Schaufelfüße erreicht werden. Weiterhin ist mit der in der US 6,526,109 B2 offenbarten Vorrichtung ein Strahlen dünnwandiger Bauteile nicht möglich, da solche dünnwandigen Bauteile bei einer Bearbeitung in dieser aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Vorrichtung einer unzulässigen Verformung ausgesetzt wären.So revealed the US 6,536,109 B2 a corresponding device with an ultrasonic sonotrode, wherein the ultrasonic sonotrode a horizontal or horizontally extending, vibrating or vibrating surface, and extending above this vibrating surface, a processing chamber in which gas turbine blades are arranged standing with their blade roots for processing the same in the region of their wings. According to the US 6 536 109 B2 In this case, the gas turbine blades to be machined are aligned such that the profiled bearing surfaces of the blade roots to be machined run substantially perpendicular to the oscillating surface of the ultrasonic sonotrode. This only an insufficient quality can be achieved during shot peening of the profiled wings of the blade roots. Furthermore, with the in the US 6,526,109 B2 Blasting thin-walled components not possible, since such thin-walled components would be exposed to an undue deformation during processing in this known from the prior art device.

Die US 2002/0042978 A1 betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen von einander gegenüberliegenden Oberflächen an dünnwandigen Bauteilen, insbesondere an Schaufeln von integral beschaufelten Gasturbinenrotoren durch Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen. Der beschaufelte Rotor wird um eine vertikale oder horizontale Achse gedreht, und dabei jeweils ein Teil der Schaufeln durch eine Bearbeitungskammer bewegt. Gemäß Figur 2 dieses Dokuments sind an zwei horizontalen, sich vertikal gegenüberstehenden Wänden der Bearbeitungskammer zwei Ultraschall-Sonotroden mit vertikaler Strahlrichtung angeordnet. Somit können die Schaufeln gleichzeitig von gegenüberliegenden Seiten bearbeitet werden. Figur 10 dieses Dokuments zeigt eine vergleichbare Anordnung. Bei einer Anordnung gemäß Figur 6 mit horizontaler Rotorachse könnten auch Sonotroden mit horizontaler Strahlrichtung an vertikalen Wänden der Bearbeitungskammer angeordnet werden, wobei der Boden der Bearbeitungskammer eine dritte, horizontale Wand bilden würde. Trotzdem wäre bei einer solchen Anordnung die Kugelbewegung samt Reflexion nicht optimal.The US 2002/0042978 A1 relates to a method and apparatus for surface blasting of opposing surfaces on thin-walled components, particularly on blades of integrally bladed gas turbine rotors by ultrasonic shot peening. The bladed rotor is rotated about a vertical or horizontal axis, each moving a portion of the blades through a processing chamber. According to FIG. 2 of this document, two ultrasonic sonotrodes with a vertical jet direction are arranged on two horizontal, vertically opposing walls of the processing chamber. Thus, the blades can be processed simultaneously from opposite sides. Figure 10 of this document shows a comparable arrangement. In an arrangement according to FIG. 6 with a horizontal rotor axis, sonotrodes with a horizontal jet direction could also be arranged on vertical walls of the processing chamber, the bottom of the processing chamber forming a third, horizontal wall. Nevertheless, in such an arrangement, the ball movement including reflection would not be optimal.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung das Problem zu Grunde, eine neuartige Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen, insbesondere zum Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen, von Bauteilen zu schaffen.On this basis, the present invention is based on the problem to provide a novel device for surface blasting, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, of components.

Dieses Problem wird durch eine Vorrichtung im Sinne von Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß ist die Bearbeitungskammer im Querschnitt W-förmig ausgeführt, mit zwei im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufenden Schenkeln und zwei im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden Schenkeln, wobei zumindest die vertikal verlaufenden Schenkel der Bearbeitungskammer von schwingenden Oberflächen jeweils eines Vibrators gebildet sind. Die im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden Schenkel können als Oberflächen jeweils eines Vibrators oder als Injektoren ausgebildet sein, wobei die Injektoren die Kugeln zurück auf die vibrierenden, im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufenden Schenkel bewegen.This problem is solved by a device in the sense of claim 1. According to the invention, the processing chamber is W-shaped in cross-section, with two substantially vertically extending legs and two substantially horizontally extending legs, wherein at least the vertically extending legs of the processing chamber are formed by vibrating surfaces of a respective vibrator. The substantially horizontally extending legs may be formed as surfaces of a respective vibrator or as injectors, wherein the injectors move the balls back onto the vibrating, substantially vertically extending legs.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen von Bauteilen lässt sich gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Vorrichtungen eine deutlich bessere Bearbeitungsqualität an den zu bearbeitenden Oberflächen eines Bauteils erzielen. Dabei wird einerseits die Effektivität beim Oberflächenstrahlen erhöht, andererseits werden insbesondere bei dünnwandigen Bauteilen unzulässige Verformungen der zu strahlenden, dünnwandigen Bauteilabschnitte vermieden. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung können erstmals auch dünnwandige Scheiben mit sogenannten Wings an integral beschaufelten Gasturbinenrotoren beim Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen mit einer hohen Intensität beschossen werden, ohne diese komplex geformten Bauteile beim Oberflächenstrahlen unzulässig zu verformen.With the device according to the invention for surface blasting of components, a significantly better quality of machining of the surfaces of a component to be machined can be achieved compared to the devices known from the prior art. On the one hand, the effectiveness in surface blasting is increased, on the other hand, inadmissible deformations of the thin-walled component sections which are to be blasted are avoided, in particular in the case of thin-walled components. With the device according to the invention, even thin-walled disks with so-called wings on integrally bladed gas turbine rotors can be bombarded with high intensity during ultrasonic shot peening without unduly deforming these complex-shaped components during surface blasting.

Nach einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die im Querschnitt W-förmig ausgebildete Bearbeitungskammer von zwei äußeren, im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufenden langen Schenkeln und zwei inneren, im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden kurzen Schenkel begrenzt, wobei jeder der Schenkel von einer schwingenden Oberfläche jeweils eines Vibrators gebildet ist. Vorzugsweise ist in Übergangsbereichen zwischen äußeren, langen Schenkeln und inneren, kurzen Schenkeln bzw. in Tiefpunkten der im Querschnitt W-förmig ausgebildeten Bearbeitungskammer jeweils eine weitere schwingende Oberfläche eines Vibrators positioniert oder es ist ein Injektor für die Kugeln vorgesehen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cross-sectionally W-shaped processing chamber of two outer, substantially vertically extending long legs and two inner, substantially horizontally extending short leg is limited, each of the legs is formed by a vibrating surface of a respective vibrator , Preferably, a further vibrating surface of a vibrator is positioned in transition regions between outer, long legs and inner, short legs or in low points of the processing chamber having a W-shaped cross-section, or an injector for the balls is provided.

Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine stark schematisierte Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen, insbesondere zum Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen, beim Strahlen einer Gasturbinenschaufel im Bereich eines Schaufelfußes;
Fig. 2
die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen, insbesondere zum Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen, beim Strahlen einer Rotorscheibe eines integral beschaufelten Gasturbinerotors;
Fig. 3
die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen, insbesondere zum Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen, beim Strahlen eines Schaufelblatts eines integral beschaufelten Gasturbinerotors;
Fig. 4
die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen, insbesondere zum Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen, beim Strahlen eines dünnwandigen Wings eines integral beschaufelten Gasturbinerotors.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Fig. 1
a highly schematic representation of a device according to the invention for surface blasting, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, when blasting a gas turbine blade in the region of a blade root;
Fig. 2
the device according to the invention for surface blasting, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, when blasting a rotor disk of an integrally bladed gas turbine engine;
Fig. 3
the device according to the invention for surface blasting, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, when blasting an airfoil of an integrally bladed gas turbine engine;
Fig. 4
the device according to the invention for surface blasting, in particular for ultrasonic shot peening, when blasting a thin-walled wing of an integrally bladed gas turbine engine.

Nachfolgend wird die hier vorliegende Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 1 bis 4 in größerem Detail beschrieben.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

Fig. 1 zeigt stark schematisiert eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 10 zum Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen in Verbindung mit einer Gasturbinenschaufel 11, die in der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 10 an profilierten Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 bzw. 13 eines Schaufelfußes 14 zu strahlen ist. Wie Fig. 1 entnommen werden kann, ragt hierzu die Gasturbinenschaufel 11 mit dem Schaufelfuß 14 in eine von der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bereitgestellte Bearbeitungskammer 15 hinein, wobei ein in Fig. 1 nicht zu bearbeitendes Schaufelblatt 16 der Gasturbinenschaufel 11 aus der Bearbeitungskammer 15 der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 10 herausragt.Fig. 1 shows a highly schematic of an inventive device 10 for ultrasonic shot peening in conjunction with a gas turbine blade 11, which is to radiate in the inventive device 10 on profiled support flanks or wings 12 and 13 of a blade root 14. 1, the gas turbine blade 11 projects with the blade root 14 into a processing chamber 15 provided by the device according to the invention, wherein an airfoil 16 of the gas turbine blade 11, which is not to be processed in FIG. 1, emerges from the processing chamber 15 of the device 10 according to the invention protrudes.

Die Bearbeitungskammer 15 ist im Querschnitt W-förmig ausgebildet bzw. durch ein W-Profil gekennzeichnet. So ist die im Querschnitt W-förmig ausgebildete Bearbeitungskammer 15 von zwei äußeren, im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufenden langen Schenkeln 17 und 18 sowie von zwei inneren, im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden kurzen Schenkeln 19 und 20 begrenzt. Erfindungsgemäß wird jeder dieser Schenkel 17, 18, 19 und 20 von einer vibrierenden bzw. schwingenden Oberfläche eines Vibrators, nämlich einer Ultraschall-Sonotrode, gebildet. Bei den Schenkel 17, 18, 19 und 20 der W-förmig ausgebildeten Bearbeitungskammer 15 handelt es sich demnach um die schwingenden Oberflächen von Ultraschall-Sonotroden, wobei der schwingende Abschnitt der Oberflächen durch Doppelpfeile visualisiert ist.The processing chamber 15 is W-shaped in cross-section or characterized by a W-profile. Thus, the cross-sectionally W-shaped processing chamber 15 is bounded by two outer, substantially vertically extending long legs 17 and 18 and two inner, substantially horizontally extending short legs 19 and 20. According to the invention, each of these legs 17, 18, 19 and 20 is formed by a vibrating surface of a vibrator, namely an ultrasonic sonotrode. The legs 17, 18, 19 and 20 of the W-shaped processing chamber 15 are therefore the vibrating surfaces of ultrasonic sonotrodes, wherein the oscillating portion of the surfaces is visualized by double arrows.

Mithilfe der als schwingende Oberflächen von Ultraschall-Sonotroden ausgebildeten Schenkeln 17, 18, 19 und 20 werden in der Bearbeitungskammer 15 positionierte, nicht-dargestellte Kugeln beschleunigt und in Richtung auf die zu bearbeitenden Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12, 13 des Schaufelfußes 14 geschleudert. Oben ist die Bearbeitungskammer 15 von einer nicht-schwingenden Abdeckung 21 begrenzt, an der die mithilfe der Ultraschall-Sonotroden beschleunigten Kugeln reflektiert werden. Aus der Anordnung der Fig. 1 folgt unmittelbar, dass sich für die Kugeln innerhalb der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 10 bzw. innerhalb der Bearbeitungskammer 15 keine Vorzugsrichtung einstellt. Die Kugeln werden demnach aus allen Richtungen gleich verteilt auf die zu bearbeitenden Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 und 13 des Schaufelfußes geschleudert. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine besonders gleichmäßige Verfestigung des zu bearbeitenden Schaufelfußes 14 an den Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 und 13.By means of the legs 17, 18, 19 and 20 designed as vibrating surfaces of ultrasonic sonotrodes, not shown balls positioned in the processing chamber 15 are accelerated and thrown in the direction of the carrying flanks or wings 12, 13 of the blade root 14 to be machined. At the top, the processing chamber 15 is bounded by a non-oscillating cover 21, at which the balls accelerated by means of the ultrasonic sonotrodes are reflected. From the arrangement of FIG. 1 follows immediately that sets for the balls within the device 10 according to the invention or within the processing chamber 15 no preferred direction. The balls are thus thrown evenly distributed from all directions on the supporting flanks or wings 12 and 13 of the blade root to be machined. This results a particularly uniform solidification of the blade root 14 to be machined on the support flanks or wings 12 and 13th

Im Sinne der hier vorliegenden Erfindung wird weiterhin vorgeschlagen, die als vibrierende Oberflächen von Ultraschall-Sonotroden ausgebildeten Schenkel 17 und 18 der im Querschnitt W-förmig ausgebildeten Bearbeitungskammer 15 so auszurichten, dass die Schenkel 17 und 18 im Wesentlichen parallel zu der zu strahlenden Oberflächenkontur verlaufen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 sind die Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 und 13 des zu strahlenden Schaufelfußes 14 tannenbaumprofiliert, und die Schenkel 17 und 18 verlaufen im Wesentlichen parallel zu einer Einhüllenden 22 der tannenbauprofilierten Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 und 13. Hierdurch ist einerseits eine gute Bearbeitungsqualität an den zu strahlenden Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 und 13 des Schaufelfußes 14 realisierbar, andererseits können die beiden Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 und 13 gleichzeitig gestrahlt werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 10 ermöglicht demnach, den Schaufelfuß 14 gleichzeitig von beiden Seiten, also im Bereich beider Tragflächen, zu strahlen.For the purposes of the present invention, it is further proposed to align the legs 17 and 18, designed as vibrating surfaces of ultrasonic sonotrodes, of the processing chamber 15, which is W-shaped in cross-section, so that the legs 17 and 18 run substantially parallel to the surface contour to be radiated , In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the support flanks or wings 12 and 13 of the radiant blade root 14 are fir tree profiled, and the legs 17 and 18 extend substantially parallel to an envelope 22 of the tannenbauprofilierten support flanks or wings 12 and 13. This is on the one hand a good machining quality at the radiating support flanks or wings 12 and 13 of the blade root 14 feasible, on the other hand, the two supporting flanks or wings 12 and 13 are blasted simultaneously. The device 10 according to the invention thus makes it possible to radiate the blade root 14 simultaneously from both sides, that is to say in the area of both wings.

Wie Fig. 1 entnommen werden kann, sind nicht nur im Bereich der Schenkel 17, 18, 19 und 20 der im Querschnitt W-förmig ausgebildeten Bearbeitungskammer 15 schwingende Oberflächen von Ultraschall-Sonotroden positioniert, sondern vielmehr auch in Übergangsbereichen 23 und 24 zwischen den äußeren, langen Schenkeln 17 und 18 und den inneren, kurzen Schenkeln 19 und 20. Die Übergangsbereiche 23 und 24 stellen sozusagen die am tiefsten gelegenen Punkte bzw. die Tiefpunkte des W-Profils der Bearbeitungskammer 15 dar, wobei die mithilfe der Ultraschall-Sonotroden beschleunigten Kugeln unter dem Einfluss der Schwerkraft sich im Bereich dieser Tiefpunkte sammeln und von den dort positionierten Ultraschall-Sonotroden bzw. den schwingenden Oberflächen derselben wieder zurück in den Bearbeitungsraum 15 geschleudert werden. Anstelle der Ultraschall-Sonotroden können in den Übergangsbereiche 23 und 24 auch Injektoren für die Kugeln angeordnet sein, welche die Kugeln zurück auf die vibrierenden Schenkel bewegen. Die schwingenden Abschnitte der in den Übergangsbereichen 23 und 24 positionierten Ultraschall-Sonotroden oder Injektoren sind wiederum durch Doppelpfeile visualisiert.1, not only in the region of the legs 17, 18, 19 and 20 of the cross-sectionally W-shaped processing chamber 15 vibrating surfaces of ultrasonic sonotrodes are positioned, but also in transition regions 23 and 24 between the outer , Long legs 17 and 18 and the inner, short legs 19 and 20. The transition areas 23 and 24 represent, so to speak, the lowest points or the low points of the W profile of the processing chamber 15, wherein the accelerated using the ultrasonic sonotrodes balls Under the influence of gravity, they collect in the area of these low points and are hurled back into the processing space 15 by the ultrasonic sonotrodes or the vibrating surfaces of the same. Instead of the ultrasonic sonotrodes and injectors for the balls can be arranged in the transition regions 23 and 24, which move the balls back to the vibrating legs. The oscillating sections of the ultrasonic sonotrodes or injectors positioned in the transition regions 23 and 24 are in turn visualized by double arrows.

Im bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 ist demnach die im Querschnitt W-förmig ausgebildete Bearbeitungskammer 15 von insgesamt sechs schwingenden Oberflächen entsprechender Ultraschall-Sonotroden oder von vier schwingenden Oberflächen und zwei Injektoren begrenzt. Im Bereich der äußeren, langen Schenkel 17 und 18 und der inneren, kurzen Schenkel 19 sowie 20 ist jeweils eine Ultraschall-Sonotrode positioniert. Auf der Oberseite ist die Bearbeitungskammer 15 von einer Abdeckung 21 verschlossen. Der in die Bearbeitungskammer 15 hineinragende Schaufelfuß 14 kann in der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung auf besonders effektive und schonende Art und Weise an den Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 und 13 verfestigt werden. Da sich keine Vorzugsrichtung für die mithilfe der Ultraschall-Sonotroden beschleunigten Kugeln ergibt, werden unerwünschte Materialverformungen sowie Beschädigungen im Bereich der zu strahlenden Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 und 13 vermieden. Weiterhin kann der Schaufelfuß 14 von beiden Seiten gleichzeitig, also gleichzeitig im Bereich beider Tragflanken bzw. Tragflächen 12 und 13, gestrahlt werden.In the preferred embodiment of Fig. 1, therefore, the processing chamber 15, which is W-shaped in cross section, is bounded by a total of six oscillating surfaces of corresponding ultrasonic sonotrodes or by four oscillating surfaces and two injectors. In the area of the outer, long legs 17 and 18 and the inner short leg 19 and 20, an ultrasonic sonotrode is positioned in each case. On the upper side, the processing chamber 15 is closed by a cover 21. The projecting into the processing chamber 15 blade root 14 can be solidified in the device according to the invention in a particularly effective and gentle manner on the support flanks or wings 12 and 13. Since there is no preferred direction for the accelerated using the ultrasonic sonotrodes balls, unwanted material deformations and damage in the radiating support flanks or wings 12 and 13 are avoided. Furthermore, the blade root 14 can be blasted from both sides at the same time, ie simultaneously in the area of both support flanks or wings 12 and 13.

Fig. 2 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 10 beim Strahlen eines integral beschaufelten Gasturbinenrotors 25 im Bereich einer Rotorscheibe 26. Im Beispiel der Fig. 2 erstrecken sich Vorsprünge 27 - auch Wings genannt - nahezu vollständig über das oben offene W-Profil der Bearbeitungskammer 15, sodass auf eine Abdeckung an der Oberseite der Bearbeitungskammer 15 verzichtet werden kann. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 wird die Rotorscheibe 26 beidseitig gestrahlt. Wie insbesondere Fig. 2 entnommen werden kann, ergibt sich für die mithilfe der im Bereich der Schenkel 17, 18, 19 und 20 angeordneten Sonotroden beschleunigten Kugeln keine Vorzugsrichtung, sodass die beschleunigten Kugeln aus allen Richtungen auf die zu verfestigende Oberflächen der Rotorscheibe 26 treffen. Dies ist in Fig. 2 durch die Linien 28 schematisiert dargestellt. Bedingt dadurch, dass sich für die Mithilfe der Sonotroden beschleunigten Kugeln keine Vorzugsrichtung einstellt und dass des weiteren gleichzeitig ein beidseitiges Bestrahlen der Rotorscheibe 26 möglich ist, ergibt sich auch dann eine gute Qualität beim Oberflächenstrahlen, wenn die Rotorscheibe 26 dünnwandig ausgebildet ist.FIG. 2 shows the device 10 according to the invention when blasting an integrally bladed gas turbine rotor 25 in the region of a rotor disk 26. In the example of FIG. 2, protrusions 27 - also called wings - extend almost completely over the open top W profile of the processing chamber 15, so can be dispensed with a cover at the top of the processing chamber 15. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the rotor disk 26 is blasted on both sides. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, there is no preferred direction for the balls accelerated by means of the sonotrodes arranged in the region of the legs 17, 18, 19 and 20, so that the accelerated balls strike the surfaces of the rotor disk 26 to be solidified from all directions. This is shown schematically in FIG. 2 by the lines 28. Due to the fact that no preferred direction is set for the acceleration of the sonotrodes accelerated balls and that, moreover, a simultaneous irradiation of the rotor disk 26 is possible, a good quality in surface blasting results even when the rotor disk 26 is thin-walled.

Fig. 3 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 10 beim Strahlen eines Schaufelblatts 16 eines integral beschaufelten Gasturbinenrotors 25. Auch Schaufelblätter 16 lassen sich demnach mithilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 10 effektiv und gleichzeitig schonend strahlen.FIG. 3 shows the device 10 according to the invention when blasting an airfoil 16 of an integrally bladed gas turbine rotor 25. Also, airfoils 16 can be radiated effectively and at the same time gently by means of the device 10 according to the invention.

Fig. 4 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 10 beim Strahlen des integral beschaufelten Gasturbinenrotors 25 im Bereich eines dünnwandigen Wings 27 und eines Dichtfinträgers 29. Die Vorrichtung 10 der Fig. 4 unterscheidet sich von den Vorrichtungen 10 der Fig. 1 bis 3 lediglich dadurch, dass im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 4 die beiden äußeren, langen Schenkel 17 und 18 im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufen. Dieses W-förmige Profil ist insbesondere beim Strahlen von dünnwandigen Wings vorteilhaft.4 shows the device 10 according to the invention when blasting the integrally bladed gas turbine rotor 25 in the region of a thin-walled wing 27 and a sealing fin 29. The device 10 of FIG. 4 differs from the devices 10 of FIGS. 1 to 3 only in that Embodiment of Fig. 4, the two outer, long legs 17 and 18 are substantially parallel to each other. This W-shaped profile is particularly advantageous when blasting thin-walled wings.

Es liegt demnach im Sinne der hier vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen von Bauteilen vorzuschlagen, wobei eine Bearbeitungskammer der Vorrichtung über ein W-Profil oder V-Profil verfügt bzw. im Querschnitt W-förmig oder V-förmig ausgebildet ist, und wobei zumindest im Bereich der im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufenden Schenkel des Profils schwingende Oberflächen von Ultraschall-Sonotroden positioniert sind. Vorzugsweise sind auch im Übergangsbereich zwischen den äußeren und den inneren Schenkeln, also im Tiefpunkt der Profile schwingende Oberflächen von Ultraschall-Sonotroden oder auch Injektoren positioniert. Mithilfe einer solchen Vorrichtung ist ein gleichzeitiges, beidseitiges Ultraschallstrahlen von dünnwandigen Bauteilen besonderes effektiv und schonend möglich.It is therefore within the meaning of the present invention to propose a device for surface blasting of components, wherein a processing chamber of the device has a W-profile or V-profile or in cross-section W-shaped or V-shaped, and wherein at least in the region of the substantially vertical legs of the profile vibrating surfaces of ultrasonic sonotrodes are positioned. Preferably, vibrating surfaces of ultrasonic sonotrodes or injectors are also positioned in the transition region between the outer and the inner legs, ie at the lowest point of the profiles. With the aid of such a device, simultaneous, double-sided ultrasound blasting of thin-walled components is particularly effective and gentle.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung findet bevorzugt Verwendung beim Strahlen von dünnwandigen Gasturbinenbauteilen, insbesondere beim Strahlen von Gasturbinenschaufeln im Bereich ihrer Schaufelfüße bzw. Schaufelblätter sowie beim Strahlen von integral beschaufelten Gasturbinenrotoren im Bereich der Rotorscheiben sowie Schaufelblätter derselben.The device according to the invention is preferably used for blasting thin-walled gas turbine components, in particular for blasting gas turbine blades in the area of their blade roots or blades, and for blasting integrally bladed gas turbine rotors in the area of the rotor disks and blades of the same.

Claims (9)

  1. Device for surface peening, in particular for the ultrasonic shot peening of components, especially gas turbine components, comprising at least two vibrators having an oscillating surface, in particular at least two ultrasonic sonotrodes, a processing chamber for receiving a part of the component to be treated being adjacent to the oscillating surfaces of the vibrators,
    characterised in that
    the cross-section of the processing chamber (15) is W-shaped, with two arms (17, 18) that extend essentially vertically and two arms (19, 20) that extend essentially horizontally and form an arched prominence, such that at least the essentially vertical arms (17, 18) of the W-shaped cross-section of the processing chamber (15) are each formed by oscillating surfaces of a vibrator.
  2. Device according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the processing chamber (15) of W-shaped cross-section is delimited by two outer, long and essentially vertical arms (17, 18) and two inner, short and essentially horizontal arms (19, 20), each of the said arms (17, 18, 19, 20) being formed by an oscillating surface of a respective vibrator.
  3. Device according to Claim 2,
    characterised in that
    at the transition zones (23, 24) between the outer, long arms (17, 18) and the inner, short arms (19, 20) of the W-shaped cross-section of the processing chamber (15), in each case a further oscillating surface of a vibrator or an injector is positioned.
  4. Device according to Claim 3,
    characterised in that
    the oscillating surfaces or injectors positioned at the transition zones (23, 24) are located at the low points of the W-profile of the processing chamber (15).
  5. Device according to Claims 3 or 4,
    characterised in that
    the processing chamber (15) of W-shaped cross-section is delimited by six oscillating surfaces or by four oscillating surfaces and two injectors.
  6. Device according to any of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterised in that
    the outer, long arms (17, 18) of the W-shaped cross-section of the processing chamber (15) are directed approximately parallel to the surface contour to be peened, or to an envelope (22) of the surface contour of the part of the component to be peened which projects into the processing chamber (15).
  7. Device according to any of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterised in that
    the processing chamber (15) of W-shaped cross-section is delimited at the top by a cover (21), and the part of the component to be peened projects through the said cover (21) and into the processing chamber (15).
  8. Use of a device according to any of Claims 1 to 7 for the ultrasonic shot peening of components, in particular gas turbine components, simultaneously on both sides.
  9. Use as in Claim 8 for the ultrasonic shot peening of gas turbine blades or integrally bladed gas turbine rotors simultaneously on both sides, preferably in the area of thin-walled parts thereof.
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US8091192B2 (en) 2012-01-10
US20060174483A1 (en) 2006-08-10
DE502005001038D1 (en) 2007-08-30
EP1623794A1 (en) 2006-02-08
DE102004037954A1 (en) 2006-03-16

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