EP1864017B1 - Fuel injection device for an internal combusting engine - Google Patents

Fuel injection device for an internal combusting engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1864017B1
EP1864017B1 EP06707840A EP06707840A EP1864017B1 EP 1864017 B1 EP1864017 B1 EP 1864017B1 EP 06707840 A EP06707840 A EP 06707840A EP 06707840 A EP06707840 A EP 06707840A EP 1864017 B1 EP1864017 B1 EP 1864017B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
fuel
fuel injection
injector
pressure region
Prior art date
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Application number
EP06707840A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1864017A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Pauer
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/005—Pressure relief valves
    • F02M63/0052—Pressure relief valves with means for adjusting the opening pressure, e.g. electrically controlled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the DE-A-10 236 314 ,
  • a fuel injector is in the EP-A-1 557 597 (not pre-published).
  • This fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump through which fuel is conveyed into a high-pressure region in which, for example, a high-pressure accumulator, a so-called rail, is provided.
  • a high-pressure accumulator for example, a high-pressure accumulator, a so-called rail.
  • an injector for fuel injection is provided, wherein each injector is connected via a hydraulic line to the high-pressure accumulator.
  • an electric control device is provided for controlling the fuel injection by the injectors.
  • the lines to the injectors and the injectors are part of the high pressure range.
  • a pressure control valve is provided, which is controlled by the control device. By the pressure control valve, a connection of the high-pressure region is controlled with a low-pressure region.
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that also in the space of the injector, in which the actuator is arranged, no outgassing occurs upon cooling of the fuel and thus the function of the injector is ensured.
  • FIG. 1 a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine in a simplified representation according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 an injector of the fuel injection device in an enlarged view
  • FIG. 3 a pressure control valve of the fuel injection device in an enlarged view
  • FIG. 4 the fuel injection device according to a second embodiment.
  • a fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is shown, which is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • the fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump 10 through which fuel is conveyed under high pressure.
  • an injector 12 is arranged, can be injected through the fuel into the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 only a few of the injectors 12 are shown, with further injectors are indicated by dots to the last injector 12d.
  • the injector 12 has as in FIG. 2 1, a fuel injection valve 14, through which fuel is injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder, and an electrically actuated actuator 16.
  • the actuator 16 By the actuator 16, the opening and closing movement of an injection valve member 15 of the fuel injection valve 14 is controlled.
  • the actuator 16 is preferably a piezoelectric actuator that changes its size depending on an electrical voltage applied thereto. By this size change, a switching function can be achieved by means of which the injection valve member 15 can be opened or closed.
  • the actuator 16 is driven by an electronic control device 18.
  • the actuator 16 is arranged in a fuel-filled space 20 in a housing 22 of the injector 12.
  • the actuator 16 may, for example, act on a piston 17 through which a Control chamber 19 is limited, wherein the injection valve member 15 is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the control chamber 19 in the closing direction.
  • the piston 17 is held by a prestressed spring 21 in contact with the actuator 16.
  • the injection valve member 15 is also acted upon by a prestressed spring 23 in the closing direction.
  • the high-pressure pump 10 is in the fuel injection device according to a in FIG. 1 illustrated first embodiment fuel in a memory 26 promoted.
  • the high-pressure pump 10 is supplied with fuel by a feed pump 30 which sucks from a fuel reservoir 32.
  • a fuel metering device 34 may be arranged, by means of which the amount of fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 10 can be changed.
  • the fuel metering device 34 for example, a variable flow area can be adjusted.
  • the fuel meter 34 is controlled by the controller 18.
  • the injectors 12 are connected via a respective hydraulic line 36 to the memory 26.
  • the high-pressure region of the fuel injection device comprises the reservoir 26, the hydraulic lines 36 from the reservoir 26 to the injectors 12 and the injectors 12.
  • a pressure sensor 40 is arranged, by which a signal is generated for the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure region to the control device 18.
  • a pressure control valve 42 is also arranged, which is controlled by the control device 18 to maintain a predetermined pressure in the high pressure region.
  • a connection 44 of the high-pressure region is controlled with a fuel-filled low pressure region, wherein the low pressure region of the fuel tank 32 or an area upstream or downstream of the feed pump 30 may be.
  • the pressure sensor 40 and the pressure control valve 42 may be disposed at any position in the high pressure region, for example at the high pressure pump 10, in the hydraulic line 24 between the high pressure pump 10 and the memory 26, the memory 26, in a line 36 between the memory 26 and the injectors 12 or to an injector 12. Except the controlled by the pressure control valve 42 connection 44, the high-pressure region has no connection to the environment and is completely sealed.
  • the pressure regulating valve 42 has as in FIG. 3 1 illustrates a valve member 46 which has a ball-shaped closing member 47, for example, which cooperates with a valve seat 48 and which can be moved by an electric actuator 50, for example an electromagnet or a piezoactuator, against a return spring 52.
  • the actuator 50 is doing by the Control device 18 is activated.
  • the return spring 52 the valve member 46 is acted upon in its opening direction, in which this is lifted with its closing body 47 from the valve seat 48 and thus the connection 44 of the high-pressure region is opened with the low-pressure region.
  • the valve member 46 When the actuator 50 is actuated by the control device 18, the valve member 46 is held against the return spring 52 and against the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure region in its closed position, in which it abuts the valve seat 48 with its closing body 47, so that the high-pressure region is separated from the low-pressure region is.
  • the pressure valve member 46 By prevailing in the high pressure region, for example in the memory 26, the pressure valve member 46 is acted upon in its opening direction in which this is lifted from the valve seat 48 and thus the connection 44 of the high pressure region is opened with the low pressure region. If the actuator 50 is not activated, then the valve member 46 is opened against the force of the closing spring 52 by the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure region and the connection 44 is opened to the low-pressure region.
  • the fuel metering device 34 and the pressure regulating valve 42 are controlled by the control device 18 in such a way that a predetermined pressure builds up in the high pressure region, as required for the fuel injection.
  • the control device 18 receives a signal for the actual pressure in the high-pressure region.
  • the pressure control valve 42 When switching off the internal combustion engine, the pressure control valve 42 is no longer activated by the control device 18, so that this is in its open switching position and the high-pressure region is connected to the low-pressure region. Upon cooling of the fuel present in the high-pressure region, the volume in the high-pressure region can thus be removed from the fuel Low pressure area are filled so that no gas can form in the high pressure area. In a subsequent starting of the internal combustion engine, the pressure regulating valve 42 is actuated by the control device 18, so that this is in its closed position. In the fuel delivery through the high-pressure pump 10, high pressure quickly builds up again in the high-pressure region, so that the internal combustion engine can be operated after a short start time.
  • a first injector 12 a which is preferably the closest to the high-pressure pump 10 arranged injector of the internal combustion engine is connected via a hydraulic line 56 to the high-pressure pump 10.
  • the next injector 12b is connected to the first injector 12b via a hydraulic line 58.
  • the further injectors 12 are connected in series with each other via a respective hydraulic line 58.
  • the hydraulic lines 56 and 58 respectively open into the space 20 in the injector 12.
  • the pressure sensor 40 and the pressure control valve 42 is provided in the high pressure region of the fuel injection device comprising the hydraulic lines 56,58 and the injectors 12, as in the first embodiment.
  • the pressure sensor 40 and the pressure regulating valve 42 may be arranged, for example, on the high-pressure pump 10, in the line 56 between the high-pressure pump 10 and the injector 12a or in a line 58 between the injectors 12.
  • the pressure regulating valve 42 is formed the same as in the first embodiment, so that this in not controlled by the control device 18 state its open switch position occupies, in which the connection 44 of the high-pressure region is opened with the low-pressure region.
  • the fuel injection device according to the second embodiment may alternatively be provided that not only the first injector 12a is connected directly to the high pressure pump 10 but also the last injector 12d is connected via a hydraulic line 56 directly to the high pressure pump 10, as shown in FIG. 4 shown with dashed lines.
  • the fuel injected through the fuel injection valve 14 of the injector 12 is taken from the space 20 in which the actuator 16 is disposed.
  • the space 20 has a sufficiently large volume in order to be able to store the fuel volume required for the fuel injection.
  • the volume of the space 20 may be between 1 and 5 cm 3 , for example about 2 cm 3 .

Abstract

A fuel injection device comprising a high-pressure pump supplying a fuel to a high-pressure area in which an injector for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine cylinder is arranged. An electric control unit for controlling fuel injection by at least one injector is provided. A pressure adjusting valve which adjusts a pressure in the high-pressure area and controls a connection between said high pressure area and a low-pressure fuel-filled area is controlled by the control unit. When the pressure adjusting valve is not controlled by the control unit it is placed in an open switching position in such a way that the connection between the high- low-pressure areas is opened, thereby preventing a gas formation in the high pressure area when the internal combustion engine is switched off and the fuel is cooled.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine nach der DE-A-10 236 314 .The invention is based on a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the DE-A-10 236 314 ,

Eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist in der EP-A-1 557 597 (nicht vorveröffentlicht) gezeigt.A fuel injector is in the EP-A-1 557 597 (not pre-published).

Diese Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Hochdruckpumpe auf, durch die Kraftstoff in einen Hochdruckbereich gefördert wird, in dem beispielsweise ein Hochdruckspeicher, ein sogenanntes Rail, vorgesehen ist. Für jeden Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein Injektor zur Kraftstoffeinspritzung vorgesehen, wobei jeder Injektor über eine hydraulische Leitung mit dem Hochdruckspeicher verbunden ist. Zur Steuerung der Kraftstoffeinspritzung durch die Injektoren ist eine elektrische Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen. Die Leitungen zu den Injektoren sowie die Injektoren sind Bestandteil des Hochdruckbereichs. Zur Einstellung eines bestimmten Drucks im Hochdruckbereich ist ein Druckregelventil vorgesehen, das durch die Steuereinrichtung angesteuert wird. Durch das Druckregelventil wird eine Verbindung des Hochdruckbereichs mit einem Niederdruckbereich gesteuert. Wenn das Druckregelventil von der Steuereinrichtung angesteuert ist, so gibt dieses die Verbindung des Hochdruckbereichs mit dem Niederdruckbereich frei, so dass Kraftstoff aus dem Hochdruckbereich in den Niederdruckbereich abströmen kann. Bei neuartigen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtungen ist eine vollständige Dichtheit des Hochdruckbereichs erreicht. Wenn die Brennkraftmaschine nach längerem Betrieb abgestellt wird, so ist der im Hochdruckbereich befindliche Kraftstoff erwärmt, wobei bei einer nachfolgenden Abkühlung durch das geöffnete Druckregelventil ein Druckausgleich des Hochdruckbereichs zum Niederdruckbereich ermöglicht ist, so dass keine Ausgasung im Hochdruckbereich auftritt und ein leichter Wiederstart der Brennkraftmaschine möglich ist. Der wenigstens eine Injektor der EP-A-1 557 597 A1 ist nicht näher beschrieben.This fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump through which fuel is conveyed into a high-pressure region in which, for example, a high-pressure accumulator, a so-called rail, is provided. For each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, an injector for fuel injection is provided, wherein each injector is connected via a hydraulic line to the high-pressure accumulator. For controlling the fuel injection by the injectors, an electric control device is provided. The lines to the injectors and the injectors are part of the high pressure range. To set a certain pressure in the high pressure region, a pressure control valve is provided, which is controlled by the control device. By the pressure control valve, a connection of the high-pressure region is controlled with a low-pressure region. When the pressure regulating valve is controlled by the control device, this releases the connection of the high-pressure region with the low-pressure region, so that fuel from the High pressure range can flow into the low pressure range. In novel fuel injectors complete tightness of the high pressure area is achieved. If the internal combustion engine is switched off after prolonged operation, then the fuel located in the high-pressure area is heated, with a subsequent cooling by the open pressure control valve, a pressure equalization of the high pressure area is made possible for low pressure area, so that no outgassing occurs in the high pressure area and an easier restart of the engine possible is. The at least one injector of EP-A-1 557 597 A1 is not described in detail.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass auch in dem Raum des Injektors, in dem der Aktor angeordnet ist, bei Abkühlung des Kraftstoffs keine Ausgasung auftritt und somit die Funktion des Injektors sichergestellt ist.The fuel injection device according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that also in the space of the injector, in which the actuator is arranged, no outgassing occurs upon cooling of the fuel and thus the function of the injector is ensured.

In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung angegeben.In the dependent claims advantageous refinements and developments of the fuel injection device according to the invention are given.

Zeichnungdrawing

Mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine in vereinfachter Darstellung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, Figur 2 einen Injektor der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung in vergrößerter Darstellung, Figur 3 ein Druckregelventil der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung in vergrößerter Darstellung und Figur 4 die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel.Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it FIG. 1 a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine in a simplified representation according to a first embodiment, FIG. 2 an injector of the fuel injection device in an enlarged view, FIG. 3 a pressure control valve of the fuel injection device in an enlarged view and FIG. 4 the fuel injection device according to a second embodiment.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In den Figuren 1 bis 4 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine dargestellt, die vorzugsweise eine selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs ist. Die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Hochdruckpumpe 10 auf, durch die Kraftstoff unter Hochdruck gefördert wird. An jedem Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein Injektor 12 angeordnet, durch den Kraftstoff in den Brennraum des Zylinders eingespritzt werden kann. In den Figuren 1 bis 3 sind dabei nur einige der Injektoren 12 dargestellt, wobei weitere Injektoren bis zum letzten Injektor 12d durch Punkte angedeutet sind.In the FIGS. 1 to 4 a fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is shown, which is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump 10 through which fuel is conveyed under high pressure. On each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, an injector 12 is arranged, can be injected through the fuel into the combustion chamber of the cylinder. In the FIGS. 1 to 3 only a few of the injectors 12 are shown, with further injectors are indicated by dots to the last injector 12d.

Der Injektor 12 weist wie in Figur 2 dargestellt ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 14, durch das Kraftstoff in den Brennraum des Zylinders eingespritzt wird, und einen elektrisch betätigten Aktor 16 auf. Durch den Aktor 16 wird die Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung eines Einspritzventilglieds 15 des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils 14 gesteuert. Der Aktor 16 ist vorzugsweise ein piezoelektrischer Aktor, der abhängig von einer an diesen angelegten elektrischen Spannung seine Größe ändert. Durch diese Größenänderung kann eine Schaltfunktion erzielt werden, mittels der das Einspritzventilglied 15 geöffnet bzw. geschlossen werden kann. Der Aktor 16 wird von einer elektronischen Steuereinrichtung 18 angesteuert. Der Aktor 16 ist in einem kraftstoffgefüllten Raum 20 in einem Gehäuse 22 des Injektors 12 angeordnet. Der Aktor 16 kann beispielsweise auf einen Kolben 17 wirken, durch den ein Steuerraum 19 begrenzt wird, wobei das Einspritzventilglied 15 durch den im Steuerraum 19 herrschenden Druck in Schließrichtung beaufschlagt ist. Der Kolben 17 wird durch eine vorgespannte Feder 21 in Anlage am Aktor 16 gehalten. Das Einspritzventilglied 15 wird außerdem durch eine vorgespannte Feder 23 in Schließrichtung beaufschlagt. Wenn an den Aktor 16 durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 eine elektrische Spannung angelegt ist, so dehnt sich dieser aus und drückt den Kolben 17 in den Steuerraum 19, in dem somit ein hoher Druck herrscht, durch den das Einspritzventilglied 15 in seiner Schließstellung gehalten wird, so dass keine Kraftstoffeinspritzung erfolgt. Wenn durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 keine elektrische Spannung an den Aktor 16 angelegt wird, so verringert dieser seine Ausdehnung, so dass der Kolben 17 durch die Feder 21 aus dem Steuerraum 19 herausbewegt wird, wodurch der Druck im Steuerraum 19 sinkt. Das Einspritzventilglied 15 wird dann durch den auf dieses in Öffnungsrichtung wirkenden Hochdruck gegen den im Steuerraum 19 herrschenden geringen Druck und gegen die Kraft der Feder 23 in seine Öffnungsstellung bewegt, so dass Kraftstoff eingespritzt wird.The injector 12 has as in FIG. 2 1, a fuel injection valve 14, through which fuel is injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder, and an electrically actuated actuator 16. By the actuator 16, the opening and closing movement of an injection valve member 15 of the fuel injection valve 14 is controlled. The actuator 16 is preferably a piezoelectric actuator that changes its size depending on an electrical voltage applied thereto. By this size change, a switching function can be achieved by means of which the injection valve member 15 can be opened or closed. The actuator 16 is driven by an electronic control device 18. The actuator 16 is arranged in a fuel-filled space 20 in a housing 22 of the injector 12. The actuator 16 may, for example, act on a piston 17 through which a Control chamber 19 is limited, wherein the injection valve member 15 is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the control chamber 19 in the closing direction. The piston 17 is held by a prestressed spring 21 in contact with the actuator 16. The injection valve member 15 is also acted upon by a prestressed spring 23 in the closing direction. When an electrical voltage is applied to the actuator 16 by the control device 18, it expands and pushes the piston 17 into the control chamber 19, in which there is thus a high pressure, by which the injection valve member 15 is held in its closed position that no fuel injection takes place. If no voltage is applied to the actuator 16 by the control device 18, this reduces its expansion, so that the piston 17 is moved out of the control chamber 19 by the spring 21, whereby the pressure in the control chamber 19 decreases. The injection valve member 15 is then moved by acting on this in the opening direction high pressure against the prevailing in the control chamber 19 low pressure and against the force of the spring 23 in its open position, so that fuel is injected.

Durch die Hochdruckpumpe 10 wird bei der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß einem in Figur 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel Kraftstoff in einen Speicher 26 gefördert. Der Hochdruckpumpe 10 wird Kraftstoff durch eine Förderpumpe 30, die aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 32 ansaugt, zugeführt. Zwischen der Förderpumpe 30 und der Hochdruckpumpe 10 kann eine Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung 34 angeordnet sein, mittels der die von der Hochdruckpumpe 10 geförderte Kraftstoffmenge verändert werden kann. Durch die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung 34 kann beispielsweise ein veränderlicher Durchflussquerschnitt eingestellt werden.By the high-pressure pump 10 is in the fuel injection device according to a in FIG. 1 illustrated first embodiment fuel in a memory 26 promoted. The high-pressure pump 10 is supplied with fuel by a feed pump 30 which sucks from a fuel reservoir 32. Between the feed pump 30 and the high-pressure pump 10, a fuel metering device 34 may be arranged, by means of which the amount of fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 10 can be changed. By the fuel metering device 34, for example, a variable flow area can be adjusted.

Die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung 34 wird durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 angesteuert.The fuel meter 34 is controlled by the controller 18.

Die Injektoren 12 sind über jeweils eine hydraulische Leitung 36 mit dem Speicher 26 verbunden. Der Hochdruckbereich der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung umfasst den Speicher 26, die hydraulischen Leitungen 36 vom Speicher 26 zu den Injektoren 12 sowie die Injektoren 12. Im Hochdruckbereich ist ein Drucksensor 40 angeordnet, durch den ein Signal für den im Hochdruckbereich herrschenden Druck an die Steuereinrichtung 18 erzeugt wird. Im Hochdruckbereich ist außerdem ein Druckregelventil 42 angeordnet, das durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 angesteuert wird, um im Hochdruckbereich einen vorgegebenen Druck aufrechtzuerhalten. Durch das Druckregelventil 42 wird eine Verbindung 44 des Hochdruckbereichs mit einem kraftstoffgefüllten Niederdruckbereich gesteuert, wobei der Niederdruckbereich der Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 32 oder ein Bereich stromaufwärts oder stromabwärts der Förderpumpe 30 sein kann. Der Drucksensor 40 und das Druckregelventil 42 können an einer beliebigen Stelle im Hochdruckbereich angeordnet sein, beispielsweise an der Hochdruckpumpe 10, in der hydraulischen Leitung 24 zwischen der Hochdruckpumpe 10 und dem Speicher 26, am Speicher 26, in einer Leitung 36 zwischen dem Speicher 26 und den Injektoren 12 oder an einem Injektor 12. Außer der durch das Druckregelventil 42 gesteuerten Verbindung 44 weist der Hochdruckbereich keine Verbindung zur Umgebung auf und ist vollständig dicht.The injectors 12 are connected via a respective hydraulic line 36 to the memory 26. The high-pressure region of the fuel injection device comprises the reservoir 26, the hydraulic lines 36 from the reservoir 26 to the injectors 12 and the injectors 12. In the high-pressure region, a pressure sensor 40 is arranged, by which a signal is generated for the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure region to the control device 18. In the high pressure area, a pressure control valve 42 is also arranged, which is controlled by the control device 18 to maintain a predetermined pressure in the high pressure region. By the pressure control valve 42, a connection 44 of the high-pressure region is controlled with a fuel-filled low pressure region, wherein the low pressure region of the fuel tank 32 or an area upstream or downstream of the feed pump 30 may be. The pressure sensor 40 and the pressure control valve 42 may be disposed at any position in the high pressure region, for example at the high pressure pump 10, in the hydraulic line 24 between the high pressure pump 10 and the memory 26, the memory 26, in a line 36 between the memory 26 and the injectors 12 or to an injector 12. Except the controlled by the pressure control valve 42 connection 44, the high-pressure region has no connection to the environment and is completely sealed.

Das Druckregelventil 42 weist wie in Figur 3 dargestellt ein Ventilglied 46 auf, das einen beispielsweise kugelförmigen Schließkörper 47 aufweist, der mit einem Ventilsitz 48 zusammenwirkt und das durch einen elektrischen Aktor 50, beispielsweise einen Elektromagneten oder einen Piezoaktor, gegen eine Rückstellfeder 52 bewegbar ist. Der Aktor 50 wird dabei durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 angesteuert. Durch die Rückstellfeder 52 wird das Ventilglied 46 in seiner Öffnungsrichtung beaufschlagt, in der dieses mit seinem Schließkörper 47 vom Ventilsitz 48 abgehoben ist und somit die Verbindung 44 des Hochdruckbereichs mit dem Niederdruckbereich geöffnet ist. Bei Ansteuerung des Aktors 50 durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 wird durch diesen das Ventilglied 46 gegen die Rückstellfeder 52 und gegen den im Hochdruckbereich herrschenden Druck in seiner Schließstellung gehalten, in der dieses mit seinem Schließkörper 47 am Ventilsitz 48 anliegt, so dass der Hochdruckbereich vom Niederdruckbereich getrennt ist. Durch den im Hochdruckbereich, beispielsweise im Speicher 26, herrschenden Druck ist das Ventilglied 46 in seiner Öffnungsrichtung beaufschlagt, in der dieses vom Ventilsitz 48 abgehoben ist und somit die Verbindung 44 des Hochdruckbereichs mit dem Niederdruckbereich geöffnet ist. Wenn der Aktor 50 nicht angesteuert ist, so wird das Ventilglied 46 gegen die Kraft der Schließfeder 52 durch den im Hochdruckbereich herrschenden Druck geöffnet und die Verbindung 44 zum Niederdruckbereich geöffnet. Während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine werden die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung 34 und das Druckregelventil 42 durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 derart angesteuert, dass sich im Hochdruckbereich ein vorgegebener Druck aufbaut, wie er für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung erforderlich ist. Durch den Drucksensor 40 erhält die Steuereinrichtung 18 ein Signal für den tatsächlichen Druck im Hochdruckbereich.The pressure regulating valve 42 has as in FIG. 3 1 illustrates a valve member 46 which has a ball-shaped closing member 47, for example, which cooperates with a valve seat 48 and which can be moved by an electric actuator 50, for example an electromagnet or a piezoactuator, against a return spring 52. The actuator 50 is doing by the Control device 18 is activated. By the return spring 52, the valve member 46 is acted upon in its opening direction, in which this is lifted with its closing body 47 from the valve seat 48 and thus the connection 44 of the high-pressure region is opened with the low-pressure region. When the actuator 50 is actuated by the control device 18, the valve member 46 is held against the return spring 52 and against the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure region in its closed position, in which it abuts the valve seat 48 with its closing body 47, so that the high-pressure region is separated from the low-pressure region is. By prevailing in the high pressure region, for example in the memory 26, the pressure valve member 46 is acted upon in its opening direction in which this is lifted from the valve seat 48 and thus the connection 44 of the high pressure region is opened with the low pressure region. If the actuator 50 is not activated, then the valve member 46 is opened against the force of the closing spring 52 by the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure region and the connection 44 is opened to the low-pressure region. During operation of the internal combustion engine, the fuel metering device 34 and the pressure regulating valve 42 are controlled by the control device 18 in such a way that a predetermined pressure builds up in the high pressure region, as required for the fuel injection. By the pressure sensor 40, the control device 18 receives a signal for the actual pressure in the high-pressure region.

Beim Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine wird das Druckregelventil 42 durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 nicht mehr angesteuert, so dass dieses sich in seiner geöffneten Schaltstellung befindet und der Hochdruckbereich mit dem Niederdruckbereich verbunden ist. Bei einer Abkühlung des im Hochdruckbereich vorhandenen Kraftstoffs kann somit das Volumen im Hochdruckbereich mit Kraftstoff aus dem Niederdruckbereich aufgefüllt werden, so dass sich im Hochdruckbereich kein Gas bilden kann. Bei einem nachfolgenden Starten der Brennkraftmaschine wird das Druckregelventil 42 durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 angesteuert, so dass sich dieses in seiner geschlossenen Stellung befindet. Bei der Kraftstoffförderung durch die Hochdruckpumpe 10 baut sich dabei im Hochdruckbereich schnell wieder Hochdruck auf, so dass die Brennkraftmaschine nach kurzer Startzeit betrieben werden kann.When switching off the internal combustion engine, the pressure control valve 42 is no longer activated by the control device 18, so that this is in its open switching position and the high-pressure region is connected to the low-pressure region. Upon cooling of the fuel present in the high-pressure region, the volume in the high-pressure region can thus be removed from the fuel Low pressure area are filled so that no gas can form in the high pressure area. In a subsequent starting of the internal combustion engine, the pressure regulating valve 42 is actuated by the control device 18, so that this is in its closed position. In the fuel delivery through the high-pressure pump 10, high pressure quickly builds up again in the high-pressure region, so that the internal combustion engine can be operated after a short start time.

Bei einem in Figur 4 dargestellten zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist der Aufbau im wesentlichen gleich wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, jedoch ist kein Speicher 26 vorhanden. Ein erster Injektor 12a, der vorzugsweise der am nächsten zur Hochdruckpumpe 10 angeordnete Injektor der Brennkraftmaschine ist, ist über eine hydraulische Leitung 56 mit der Hochdruckpumpe 10 verbunden. Der nächste Injektor 12b ist über eine hydraulische Leitung 58 mit dem ersten Injektor 12b verbunden. Die weiteren Injektoren 12 sind in Reihe miteinander über jeweils eine hydraulische Leitung 58 miteinander verbunden. Die hydraulischen Leitungen 56 bzw. 58 münden jeweils in den Raum 20 im Injektor 12. Im Hochdruckbereich der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung, der die hydraulischen Leitungen 56,58 und die Injektoren 12 umfasst, ist wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Drucksensor 40 und das Druckregelventil 42 vorgesehen. Der Drucksensor 40 und das Druckregelventil 42 können beispielsweise an der Hochdruckpumpe 10, in der Leitung 56 zwischen der Hochdruckpumpe 10 und dem Injektor 12a oder in einer Leitung 58 zwischen den Injektoren 12 angeordnet sein. Das Druckregelventil 42 ist gleich wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ausgebildet, so dass dieses in nicht durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 angesteuertem Zustand seine geöffnete Schaltstellung einnimmt, in der die Verbindung 44 des Hochdruckbereichs mit dem Niederdruckbereich geöffnet ist. Bei der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel kann alternativ auch vorgesehen sein, dass nicht nur der erste Injektor 12a direkt mit der Hochdruckpumpe 10 verbunden ist sondern auch der letzte Injektor 12d über eine hydraulische Leitung 56 direkt mit der Hochdruckpumpe 10 verbunden ist, wie dies in Figur 4 mit gestrichelten Linien dargestellt ist. Der durch das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 14 des Injektors 12 eingespritzte Kraftstoff wird dem Raum 20 entnommen, in dem der Aktor 16 angeordnet ist. Der Raum 20 weist dabei ein ausreichend großes Volumen auf, um das für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung erforderliche Kraftstoffvolumen speichern zu können. Das Volumen des Raums 20 kann zwischen 1 und 5 cm3, beispielsweise etwa 2 cm3 betragen.At an in FIG. 4 In the illustrated second embodiment of the fuel injector, the structure is substantially the same as in the first embodiment, but no memory 26 is provided. A first injector 12 a, which is preferably the closest to the high-pressure pump 10 arranged injector of the internal combustion engine is connected via a hydraulic line 56 to the high-pressure pump 10. The next injector 12b is connected to the first injector 12b via a hydraulic line 58. The further injectors 12 are connected in series with each other via a respective hydraulic line 58. The hydraulic lines 56 and 58 respectively open into the space 20 in the injector 12. In the high pressure region of the fuel injection device comprising the hydraulic lines 56,58 and the injectors 12, as in the first embodiment, the pressure sensor 40 and the pressure control valve 42 is provided. The pressure sensor 40 and the pressure regulating valve 42 may be arranged, for example, on the high-pressure pump 10, in the line 56 between the high-pressure pump 10 and the injector 12a or in a line 58 between the injectors 12. The pressure regulating valve 42 is formed the same as in the first embodiment, so that this in not controlled by the control device 18 state its open switch position occupies, in which the connection 44 of the high-pressure region is opened with the low-pressure region. In the fuel injection device according to the second embodiment may alternatively be provided that not only the first injector 12a is connected directly to the high pressure pump 10 but also the last injector 12d is connected via a hydraulic line 56 directly to the high pressure pump 10, as shown in FIG. 4 shown with dashed lines. The fuel injected through the fuel injection valve 14 of the injector 12 is taken from the space 20 in which the actuator 16 is disposed. In this case, the space 20 has a sufficiently large volume in order to be able to store the fuel volume required for the fuel injection. The volume of the space 20 may be between 1 and 5 cm 3 , for example about 2 cm 3 .

Claims (6)

  1. Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, having a high-pressure pump (10) by means of which fuel is fed into a high-pressure region in which is arranged at least one injector (12) through which fuel is injected into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and having an electric control device (18) which serves to control the injection of fuel by the at least one injector (12), having a pressure regulating valve (42) for adjusting the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure region, which pressure regulating valve (42) serves to control a connection (44) of the high-pressure region to a fuel-filled low-pressure region and which pressure regulating valve (42) is activated by the control device (18), with the pressure regulating valve (42), when not activated by the control device (18), being situated in its open switching position such that the connection (44) of the high-pressure region to the low-pressure region is open, and with an accumulator (26) being provided in the high-pressure region, into which accumulator (26) the high-pressure pump (10) feeds fuel and to which accumulator (26) the at least one injector (12) is connected, with the at least one injector (12) having an electric actuator (16) and a fuel injection valve (14), with the injection of fuel by the fuel injection valve (14) being controlled by the actuator (16), and with the actuator (16) being arranged in a chamber (20), which is connected to the high-pressure region, of the injector (12).
  2. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (16), when activated by the control device (18), serves to hold the fuel injection valve (14) closed, and in that the actuator (16), when not activated by the control device (18), serves to open the fuel injection valve (14) for an injection of fuel.
  3. Fuel injection device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the actuator (16) serves to control the pressure prevailing in a control chamber (17), which pressure acts at least indirectly in the closing direction on an injection valve member (15) of the fuel injection valve (14).
  4. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fuel injected by the fuel injection valve (14) is extracted from the chamber (20) in which the actuator (16) is arranged.
  5. Fuel injection device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the internal combustion engine has a plurality of cylinders on which is arranged in each case one injector (12), in that a maximum of two of the injectors (12a,12d) are directly connected to the high-pressure pump (10), and in that the remaining injectors (12) are connected in series with one another via hydraulic lines (58) and are connected indirectly to the high-pressure pump (10) via the maximum of two injectors (12a,12d) which are directly connected to the high-pressure pump (10).
  6. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection (44) which is controlled by the pressure regulating valve (42) is the only connection of the high-pressure region to a low-pressure region.
EP06707840A 2005-03-21 2006-01-25 Fuel injection device for an internal combusting engine Active EP1864017B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102005012940A DE102005012940A1 (en) 2005-03-21 2005-03-21 Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2006/050445 WO2006100141A1 (en) 2005-03-21 2006-01-25 Fuel injection device for an internal combusting engine

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US (1) US7574297B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1864017B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101087465B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101146995B (en)
AT (1) ATE443209T1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2006100141A1 (en)

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EP2071158A1 (en) 2007-12-11 2009-06-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for injecting gas into a combustion engine, a set of gas injector valves, method for operating gas injector valves
US7904233B2 (en) * 2008-04-08 2011-03-08 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Fuel injection measurement and diagnostics
DE102008002419A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh fuel injector
ATE500411T1 (en) * 2008-12-29 2011-03-15 Fiat Ricerche FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM WITH HIGH OPERATIONAL REPEATABILITY AND STABILITY FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
DE102009027182A1 (en) * 2009-06-25 2010-12-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injection system for injecting fluid into an exhaust tract
KR101975829B1 (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-05-08 (주)모토닉 Liquid petroleum-gas direct injection system and fuel supply control method thereof
CN114183249B (en) * 2021-12-13 2023-09-05 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 Fuel supply system of dual-fuel gas turbine

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DE10125982A1 (en) * 2001-05-29 2002-12-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel system for an internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine, and method for operating an internal combustion engine
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DE10233099A1 (en) * 2002-07-20 2004-02-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection device for a motor vehicle's internal combustion engine, has high-pressure fuel pump linked to fuel injection valve for each cylinder in the engine
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ITBO20040323A1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2004-08-20 Magneti Marelli Powertrain Spa METHOD OF DIRECT INJECTION OF FUEL INTO AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

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CN101146995A (en) 2008-03-19
KR101087465B1 (en) 2011-11-25
DE502006004862D1 (en) 2009-10-29
CN101146995B (en) 2010-08-11
KR20070110378A (en) 2007-11-16
EP1864017A1 (en) 2007-12-12
ATE443209T1 (en) 2009-10-15
US20080189025A1 (en) 2008-08-07
US7574297B2 (en) 2009-08-11
WO2006100141A1 (en) 2006-09-28

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