KR101087465B1 - Fuel Injection Device for an Internal Combusting Engine - Google Patents

Fuel Injection Device for an Internal Combusting Engine Download PDF

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KR101087465B1
KR101087465B1 KR1020077021555A KR20077021555A KR101087465B1 KR 101087465 B1 KR101087465 B1 KR 101087465B1 KR 1020077021555 A KR1020077021555 A KR 1020077021555A KR 20077021555 A KR20077021555 A KR 20077021555A KR 101087465 B1 KR101087465 B1 KR 101087465B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
high pressure
fuel
injector
pressure region
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KR1020077021555A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20070110378A (en
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토마스 파우어
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로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/005—Pressure relief valves
    • F02M63/0052—Pressure relief valves with means for adjusting the opening pressure, e.g. electrically controlled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A fuel injection device comprising a high-pressure pump supplying a fuel to a high-pressure area in which an injector for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine cylinder is arranged. An electric control unit for controlling fuel injection by at least one injector is provided. A pressure adjusting valve which adjusts a pressure in the high-pressure area and controls a connection between said high pressure area and a low-pressure fuel-filled area is controlled by the control unit. When the pressure adjusting valve is not controlled by the control unit it is placed in an open switching position in such a way that the connection between the high- low-pressure areas is opened, thereby preventing a gas formation in the high pressure area when the internal combustion engine is switched off and the fuel is cooled.

Description

엔진용 연료 분사 장치 {Fuel Injection Device for an Internal Combusting Engine}Fuel Injection Device for an Internal Combusting Engine

본 발명은 청구범위 제1항의 전제부에 따른 엔진용 연료 분사 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a fuel injection device for an engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

이러한 연료 분사 장치는 독일 공개 특허 공보 제100 04 617호에 공지되어 있다. 연료 분사 장치는 예컨대 소위 레일과 같은 고압 저장소가 제공된 고압 영역으로 연료를 공급하는 고압 펌프를 포함한다. 엔진의 각각의 실린더에는 연료 분사를 위한 인젝터가 제공되고, 각각의 인젝터는 유압 도관을 거쳐 고압 저장소로 연결된다. 인젝터를 통한 연료 분사를 제어하기 위해, 전기 제어 장치가 제공된다. 인젝터까지의 도관과 인젝터는 고압 영역의 부품이다. 고압 영역에서 특정 압력을 조절하기 위해 제어 장치에 의해 제어되는 압력 조절 밸브가 제공된다. 압력 조절 밸브에 의해, 고압 영역과 저압 영역 사이의 연결부가 제어된다. 제어 장치로부터 압력 조절 밸브가 제어되면, 고압 영역으로부터의 연료가 저압 영역으로 유동할 수 있도록, 이것은 고압 영역과 저압 영역 사이의 연결부를 해제한다. 새로운 유형의 연료 분사 장치에 의해 고압 영역의 완전한 밀봉이 달성된다. 엔진이 장시간 구동 후에 정지하면, 고압 영역에 존재하는 연료는 가열된다. 고압 영역의 완전한 밀봉 때문에, 후속하는 냉각시에 연료의 가스 제거가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서, 그 가스가 먼저 배기되어야 하기 때문에 엔진의 재시동을 어렵게 한다.Such a fuel injection device is known from German Patent Publication No. 100 04 617. The fuel injector comprises a high pressure pump for supplying fuel to a high pressure region provided with a high pressure reservoir such as a so-called rail. Each cylinder of the engine is provided with an injector for fuel injection, each injector being connected to a high pressure reservoir via a hydraulic conduit. In order to control fuel injection through the injector, an electrical control device is provided. The conduit to the injector and the injector are components in the high pressure region. A pressure regulating valve is provided which is controlled by the control device to regulate the specific pressure in the high pressure region. By means of the pressure regulating valve, the connection between the high pressure region and the low pressure region is controlled. When the pressure regulating valve is controlled from the control device, this breaks the connection between the high pressure region and the low pressure region so that fuel from the high pressure region can flow into the low pressure region. A new type of fuel injection device achieves complete sealing of the high pressure region. When the engine is stopped after a long drive, the fuel present in the high pressure region is heated. Because of the complete sealing of the high pressure region, degassing of the fuel may occur upon subsequent cooling. Therefore, it is difficult to restart the engine because the gas must be exhausted first.

이에 반해, 청구범위 제1항의 특징을 갖는 본 발명에 따른 연료 분사 장치는 엔진 정지시에 압력 조절 밸브가 제어 장치에 의해 제어되지 않으면 연료가 고압 영역에서 가스 제거되지 않도록 고압 영역이 저압 영역과 연결되는 장점을 가진다. 또한, 공지된 연료 분사 장치에 비하여 추가적 구성 비용을 요구하지 않는다.In contrast, the fuel injection device according to the present invention having the features of claim 1 is connected to the high pressure region with the low pressure region so that the fuel is not degassed from the high pressure region if the pressure regulating valve is not controlled by the control device when the engine is stopped. Has the advantage of being. Furthermore, no additional construction cost is required as compared to known fuel injectors.

종속항들에는, 본 발명에 따른 연료 분사 장치의 바람직한 실시예 및 개선예가 제시된다.In the dependent claims, a preferred embodiment and an improvement of the fuel injection device according to the invention are presented.

본 발명의 복수개의 실시예들은 도면에 도시되어 있고 후속하는 상세한 설명에서 더욱 상세히 설명된다. 도1은 제1 실시예에 따른 간략한 도면으로 엔진의 연료 분사 장치를 도시하고, 도2는 확대된 도면으로 연료 분사 장치의 인젝터를 도시하고, 도3은 확대된 도면으로 연료 분사 장치의 압력 조절 밸브를 도시하고, 도4는 제2 실시예에 따른 연료 분사 장치를 도시한다.A plurality of embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and described in more detail in the detailed description that follows. 1 shows a fuel injector of an engine in a simplified view according to a first embodiment, FIG. 2 shows an injector of a fuel injector in an enlarged view, and FIG. 3 shows a pressure control of the fuel injector in an enlarged view. 4 shows a fuel injection device according to a second embodiment.

도1 내지 도4에는, 차량의 자가 점화식 엔진인, 다기통 엔진용 연료 분사 장치가 도시되어 있다. 연료 분사 장치는 연료가 고압으로 공급되는 고압 펌프(10)를 포함한다. 엔진의 각각의 실린더에는 인젝터(12)가 배치되며, 연료는 상기 인젝터를 통해서 실린더의 연소실로 분사될 수 있다. 도1 내지 도3에는 인젝터 들(12) 중 몇 개만이 도시되며, 마지막 인젝터(12d)까지 추가의 인젝터들은 점으로 도시된다. 1 to 4 show a fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder engine, which is a self-ignition engine of a vehicle. The fuel injection device includes a high pressure pump 10 through which fuel is supplied at high pressure. An injector 12 is arranged in each cylinder of the engine, and fuel may be injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder through the injector. Only a few of the injectors 12 are shown in FIGS. 1-3 and further injectors up to the last injector 12d are shown in dots.

인젝터(12)는 도2에 도시된 바와 같이, 실린더의 연소실로 연료를 분사하는 연료 분사 밸브(14) 및, 전기적으로 작동되는 액추에이터(16)를 포함한다. 액추에이터(16)에 의해, 연료 분사 밸브(14)의 분사 밸브 부재(15)의 개폐 운동이 제어된다. 바람직하게, 액추에이터(16)는 액추에이터에 인가된 전기 전압에 따라 그 크기가 변하는 압전 액추에이터이다. 이러한 크기 변화에 의해, 전환 기능이 구현될 수 있으며, 이에 의해 분사 밸브 부재(15)가 개방 또는 폐쇄될 수 있다. 액추에이터(16)는 전기 제어 장치(18)에 의해서 제어된다. 액추에이터(16)는 인젝터(12)의 하우징(22) 내의, 연료로 채워진 챔버(20) 내에 배치된다. 액추에이터(16)는 예컨대, 제어 챔버(19)를 제한하는 피스톤(17) 상에 작용할 수 있으며, 분사 밸브 부재(15)는 제어 챔버(19) 내의 압력에 의해서 폐쇄 방향으로 작용을 받는다. 피스톤(17)은 초기 인장된 스프링(21)에 의해서 액추에이터(16)에 접한다. 또한 분사 밸브 부재(15)는 초기 인장된 스프링(23)에 의해서 폐쇄 방향으로 작용을 받는다. 제어 장치(18)에 의해서 전기 전압이 액추에이터(16)에 인가되면, 액추에이터가 연장되어 피스톤(17)을 제어 챔버(19) 내로 가압하므로, 제어 챔버 내에는 분사 밸브 부재(15)를 그의 폐쇄 위치에 유지시키는 고압이 형성되며, 따라서 연료 분사는 실행되지 않는다. 제어 장치(18)에 의해서 전기 전압이 액추에이터(16)에 인가되지 않으면, 액추에이터의 연장은 감소하므로, 피스톤(17)은 스프링(21)을 통해서 제어 챔버(19)로부터 벗아나서 이동하며, 따라서 제어 챔버(19) 내의 압력이 하강한다. 분사 밸브 부재(15)는 개방 방향으로 상기 부재에 작용하는 고압에 의해서, 제어 챔버(19) 내에 형성된 낮은 압력 및 스프링(23)의 힘에 대항해서 그 개방 위치로 이동하므로, 연료가 분사된다.The injector 12 includes a fuel injection valve 14 for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of the cylinder and an electrically operated actuator 16, as shown in FIG. By the actuator 16, the opening and closing movement of the injection valve member 15 of the fuel injection valve 14 is controlled. Preferably, the actuator 16 is a piezoelectric actuator whose size changes in accordance with the electrical voltage applied to the actuator. By this size change, a switching function can be implemented, whereby the injection valve member 15 can be opened or closed. The actuator 16 is controlled by the electrical control device 18. The actuator 16 is disposed in the chamber 20 filled with fuel, in the housing 22 of the injector 12. The actuator 16 can act on the piston 17, for example, which restricts the control chamber 19, and the injection valve member 15 is acted in the closing direction by the pressure in the control chamber 19. The piston 17 is in contact with the actuator 16 by an initially tensioned spring 21. The injection valve member 15 is also acted in the closing direction by the initially tensioned spring 23. When electrical voltage is applied to the actuator 16 by the control device 18, the actuator extends and presses the piston 17 into the control chamber 19, so that the injection valve member 15 is pushed into its closed position within the control chamber. High pressure is maintained, and thus fuel injection is not performed. If no electrical voltage is applied to the actuator 16 by the control device 18, the extension of the actuator is reduced, so that the piston 17 moves away from the control chamber 19 through the spring 21 and thus the control The pressure in the chamber 19 drops. Since the injection valve member 15 is moved to its open position against the low pressure formed in the control chamber 19 and the force of the spring 23 by the high pressure acting on the member in the opening direction, fuel is injected.

고압 펌프(10)에 의해, 도1에서 도시된 제1 실시예에 따른 연료 분사 장치에서 연료가 저장소(26)로 공급된다. 고압 펌프(10)는 연료 저장조(32)로부터 흡입하는 이송 펌프(30)를 통해 연료를 공급 받는다. 이송 펌프(30)와 고압 펌프(10) 사이에는 고압 펌프(10)에 의해 공급되는 연료량을 변동시킬 수 있는 연료 공급 계량 장치(34)가 배치된다. 연료 공급 계량 장치(34)에 의해, 예컨대 가변 유량 횡단면이 조절될 수 있다. 연료 공급 계량 장치(34)는 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어된다. By the high pressure pump 10, fuel is supplied to the reservoir 26 in the fuel injection device according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The high pressure pump 10 is supplied with fuel through a transfer pump 30 that sucks from the fuel reservoir 32. A fuel supply metering device 34 capable of varying the amount of fuel supplied by the high pressure pump 10 is disposed between the transfer pump 30 and the high pressure pump 10. By means of the fuel supply metering device 34, for example, a variable flow rate cross section can be adjusted. The fuel supply metering device 34 is controlled by the control device 18.

인젝터(12)는 각각의 유압 도관(36)을 통해 저장소(26)로 연결된다. 연료 분사 장치의 고압 영역은 저장소(26), 그 저장소(26)로부터 인젝터(12)까지의 유압 도관(36), 및 인젝터(12)를 포함한다. 고압 영역에는 고압 영역에서 형성된 압력에 대한 신호를 제어 장치(18)로 생성하는 압력 센서(40)가 배치된다. 그 밖에, 고압 영역에는 고압 영역에서 미리 주어진 압력이 유지될 수 있도록, 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어되는 압력 제어 밸브(42)가 배치된다. 고압 영역과 연료로 충전된 저압 영역과의 연결부(44)는 압력 제어 밸브(42)에 의해 제어되고, 연료 저장조(32)의 저압 영역 또는 영역은 이송 펌프(30)의 상류 또는 하류가 될 수 있다. 압력 센서(40)와 압력 제어 밸브(42)는 고압 영역 내의 임의의 위치, 즉 예컨대, 고압 펌프(10)와 저장소(26) 사이의 유압 도관(24)에서는 고압 펌프(10)에, 저장 소(26)와 인젝터(12) 사이의 도관에서는 저장소(26)에, 또는 인젝터(12)에 배치될 수 있다. 압력 제어 밸브(42)에 의해 제어되는 연결부(44) 외에, 고압 영역은 주위로의 연결부를 포함하지 않고 완전히 밀봉되어 있다. The injector 12 is connected to the reservoir 26 through each hydraulic conduit 36. The high pressure region of the fuel injection device includes a reservoir 26, a hydraulic conduit 36 from the reservoir 26 to the injector 12, and an injector 12. In the high pressure region, a pressure sensor 40 is arranged to generate a signal for the pressure formed in the high pressure region to the control device 18. In addition, in the high pressure region, a pressure control valve 42 controlled by the control device 18 is arranged so that a predetermined pressure can be maintained in the high pressure region. The connection 44 between the high pressure region and the low pressure region filled with fuel is controlled by the pressure control valve 42, and the low pressure region or region of the fuel reservoir 32 can be upstream or downstream of the transfer pump 30. have. The pressure sensor 40 and the pressure control valve 42 may be located at any position in the high pressure region, for example, in the high pressure pump 10 in the hydraulic conduit 24 between the high pressure pump 10 and the reservoir 26. In the conduit between 26 and the injector 12, it can be placed in the reservoir 26 or in the injector 12. In addition to the connection 44 controlled by the pressure control valve 42, the high pressure region does not include a connection to the surroundings and is completely sealed.

압력 제어 밸브(42)는 도3에 도시된 바와 같이 밸브 시트(48)와 상호 작용하는 구형의 차단 본체(47)를 포함하고 전기 액추에이터(50), 예컨대 전자기 또는 압전 액추에이터에 의해 반동 스프링(52)에 대항하여 이동할 수 있는 밸브 부재(46)를 포함한다. 여기서 액추에이터(50)는 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어된다. 밸브 부재(46)는 반동 스프링(52)에 의해 그의 개방 방향으로 작용이 가해지고, 상기 개방 방향에서 밸브 부재(46)는 그의 차단 본체(47)와 함께 밸브 시트(48)로부터 떨어지며 그에 따라 고압 영역의 연결부(44)는 저압 영역으로 개방된다. 제어 장치(18)에 의해 액추에이터(50)를 제어할 때, 밸브 부재(46)는 상기 액추에이터(50)에 의해 반동 스프링(52) 및 고압 영역에서의 압력에 대항하여 그의 차단 위치에서 유지되고, 그 위치에서는 고압 영역이 저압 영역으로부터 분리되도록 밸브 부재(46)가 차단 본체(47)와 함께 밸브 시트(48)에 놓여진다. 고압 영역, 예컨대 저장소(26)에서 형성된 압력에 의해, 밸브 부재(46)는 그의 개방 방향으로 작용을 받고, 그 개방 방향에서 밸브 부재(46)는 밸브 시트(48)로부터 떨어지며 그에 따라 고압 영역의 연결부(44)는 저압 영역으로 개방된다. 액추에이터(50)가 제어되지 않으면, 밸브 시트(48)는 고압 영역에서 형성된 압력에 의해 차단 스프링(52)에 대항하여 개방되고 연결부(44)는 저압 영역으로 개방된다. 엔진을 구동시키는 동안, 연료 공급 계량 장치(34) 및 압력 제어 밸브(42)는 연료 분사에 있어서 필수적인 소정의 압력이 고압 영역에서 형성되도록 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어된다. 압력 센서(40)에 의해, 제어 장치(18)는 고압 영역에서의 실제 압력 신호를 수신한다.The pressure control valve 42 includes a spherical shut-off body 47 that interacts with the valve seat 48 as shown in FIG. 3 and is recoil spring 52 by an electric actuator 50, for example an electromagnetic or piezoelectric actuator. And a valve member 46 that is movable against. The actuator 50 is here controlled by the control device 18. The valve member 46 is exerted in its opening direction by the recoil spring 52, in which the valve member 46 with its blocking body 47 is separated from the valve seat 48 and thus high pressure. The connection 44 of the region opens to the low pressure region. When controlling the actuator 50 by the control device 18, the valve member 46 is held by the actuator 50 in its blocking position against the recoil spring 52 and the pressure in the high pressure region, In that position, the valve member 46 is placed on the valve seat 48 together with the shutoff body 47 so that the high pressure region is separated from the low pressure region. By the pressure formed in the high pressure region, such as reservoir 26, the valve member 46 is acted in its opening direction, in which the valve member 46 is displaced from the valve seat 48 and thus in the high pressure region. The connection 44 opens to the low pressure region. If the actuator 50 is not controlled, the valve seat 48 is opened against the shutoff spring 52 by the pressure formed in the high pressure region and the connection 44 is opened to the low pressure region. While driving the engine, the fuel supply metering device 34 and the pressure control valve 42 are controlled by the control device 18 such that a predetermined pressure necessary for fuel injection is formed in the high pressure region. By the pressure sensor 40, the control device 18 receives the actual pressure signal in the high pressure region.

엔진을 정지시에, 압력 제어 밸브(42)는 그것이 그의 개방된 제어 위치에 있고 고압 영역이 저압 영역과 연결되도록 더 이상 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어되지 않는다. 고압 영역에 있는 연료의 냉각시에, 고압 영역의 체적은 고압 영역에서 가스가 형성될 수 없도록 저압 영역으로부터의 연료로 채워진다. 엔진의 재시동시에, 압력 제어 밸브(42)는 그것이 그의 폐쇄 위치에 있도록 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어된다. 고압 펌프(10)에 의한 연료 이송시에, 엔진이 단시간 내에 작동될 수 있도록, 고압 영역에서 신속하게 고압이 형성된다.Upon stopping the engine, the pressure control valve 42 is no longer controlled by the control device 18 so that it is in its open control position and the high pressure region is connected with the low pressure region. Upon cooling of the fuel in the high pressure region, the volume of the high pressure region is filled with fuel from the low pressure region so that no gas can form in the high pressure region. Upon restarting the engine, the pressure control valve 42 is controlled by the control device 18 so that it is in its closed position. During fuel transfer by the high pressure pump 10, high pressure is rapidly formed in the high pressure region so that the engine can be operated in a short time.

도4에는 구조가 제1 실시예와 동일하지만 저장소(26)가 없는, 연료 분사 장치의 제2 실시예가 도시된다. 양호하게는 고압 펌프(10)에 가장 가깝게 배치된 엔진의 인젝터인, 제1 인젝터(12a)는 유압 도관(56)을 통해 고압 펌프(10)와 연결된다. 그 다음의 인젝터(12b)는 유압 도관(58)을 통해 제1 인젝터(12a)와 연결된다. 그 밖의 인젝터(12)들은 각각의 유압 도관(58)을 통해 서로 일렬로 연결된다. 유압 도관(56, 58)은 인젝터(12)의 챔버(20)로 각각 합류한다. 유압 도관(56, 58) 및 인젝터(12)를 포함하는 연료 분사 장치의 고압 영역에는, 제1 실시예에서와 같이 압력 센서(40) 및 압력 제어 밸브(42)가 제공된다. 압력 센서(40) 및 압력 제어 밸브(42)는 고압 펌프(10)와 인젝터(12a) 사이의 도관(56) 또는 인젝터(12) 사이의 도관(58)에서 고압 펌프(10)에 배치될 수 있다. 압력 제어 밸브(42)는 그것이 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어되지 않은 상태에서는 고압 영역과 저압 영역의 연결 부(44)가 개방되는 그의 개방된 제어 위치를 취하도록 제1 실시예에서와 같이 형성된다. 제2 실시예에 따른 연료 분사 장치에 있어서, 도4에서 점선으로 도시된 바와 같이, 제1 인젝터(12a)만이 고압 펌프(10)와 직접 연결되는 것이 아니라 최종 인젝터(12d)도 유압 도관(56)을 통해 고압 펌프(10)와 직접 연결되는, 대체예가 제공될 수 있다. 인젝터(12)의 연료 분사 밸브(14)에 의해 분사된 연료는 액추에이터(16)가 배치된 챔버(20)로 도입된다. 여기서 챔버(20)는 연료 분사를 위해 필수적인 연료 체적을 저장할 수 있도록 충분히 큰 체적을 포함한다. 챔버(20)의 체적은 1 내지 5 ㎤, 양호하게는 2 ㎤ 에 이른다. 4 shows a second embodiment of a fuel injection device, the structure being the same as the first embodiment but without the reservoir 26. The first injector 12a, preferably the injector of the engine disposed closest to the high pressure pump 10, is connected to the high pressure pump 10 via a hydraulic conduit 56. The next injector 12b is connected with the first injector 12a via a hydraulic conduit 58. The other injectors 12 are connected in series with each other via respective hydraulic conduits 58. Hydraulic conduits 56 and 58 join the chamber 20 of the injector 12 respectively. In the high pressure region of the fuel injection device comprising the hydraulic conduits 56 and 58 and the injector 12, as in the first embodiment, a pressure sensor 40 and a pressure control valve 42 are provided. The pressure sensor 40 and the pressure control valve 42 may be arranged in the high pressure pump 10 in the conduit 56 between the high pressure pump 10 and the injector 12a or in the conduit 58 between the injector 12. have. The pressure control valve 42 is formed as in the first embodiment such that it is in its open control position in which the connection 44 of the high pressure region and the low pressure region is opened when it is not controlled by the control device 18. do. In the fuel injection device according to the second embodiment, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 4, not only the first injector 12a is directly connected to the high pressure pump 10, but the final injector 12d is also a hydraulic conduit 56. Alternatives may be provided, directly connected with the high pressure pump 10 via. The fuel injected by the fuel injection valve 14 of the injector 12 is introduced into the chamber 20 in which the actuator 16 is disposed. The chamber 20 here comprises a volume large enough to store the fuel volume necessary for fuel injection. The volume of the chamber 20 amounts to 1 to 5 cm 3, preferably 2 cm 3.

Claims (8)

엔진용 연료 분사 장치이며, 연료를 엔진의 실린더로 분사하는 적어도 하나의 인젝터(12)가 배치된 고압 영역으로 연료를 공급하는 고압 펌프(10)와, 적어도 하나의 인젝터(12)의 연료 분사를 제어하는 전기 제어 장치(18)와, 고압 영역에 존재하는 압력을 제어하기 위해 연료가 채워진 저압 영역과 고압 영역의 연결부(44)를 제어하고 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어되는 압력 제어 밸브(42)를 구비한 엔진용 연료 분사 장치에 있어서,A fuel injection device for an engine, comprising: a high pressure pump (10) for supplying fuel to a high pressure region in which at least one injector (12) for injecting fuel into a cylinder of an engine is disposed, and the fuel injection of at least one injector (12) An electric control device 18 for controlling and a pressure control valve 42 for controlling the connection 44 of the low-pressure and high-pressure region filled with fuel to control the pressure present in the high-pressure region and controlled by the control device 18. In the fuel injection device for an engine having: 압력 제어 밸브(42)는 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어되지 않는 상태에서는 저압 영역과 고압 영역의 연결부(44)가 개방되도록 개방된 제어 위치에 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 분사 장치.And the pressure control valve (42) is in an open control position such that the connection portion (44) of the low pressure region and the high pressure region is opened in a state not controlled by the control device (18). 제1항에 있어서, 고압 펌프(10)가 연료를 공급하고 적어도 하나의 인젝터(12)가 연결되어 있는 저장소(26)는 고압 영역에 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 분사 장치.2. The fuel injection device according to claim 1, wherein a reservoir (26) to which the high pressure pump (10) supplies fuel and to which at least one injector (12) is connected is provided in the high pressure region. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 적어도 하나의 인젝터(12)는 전기 액추에이터(16) 및 연료 분사 밸브(14)를 포함하고, 액추에이터(16)에 의해 연료 분사 밸브(14)의 연료 분사가 제어되며, 액추에이터(16)는 고압 영역과 연결된 인젝터(12)의 챔버(20) 내에 배치된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 분사 장치.The fuel injection valve (14) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one injector (12) comprises an electric actuator (16) and a fuel injection valve (14), by which the fuel injection of the fuel injection valve (14) is carried out. A controlled fuel injection device, characterized in that the actuator (16) is arranged in the chamber (20) of the injector (12) connected with the high pressure region. 제3항에 있어서, 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어되는 상태에서의 액추에이터(16)에 의해 연료 분사 밸브(14)는 폐쇄 유지되고, 제어 장치(18)에 의해 제어되지 않는 상태에서의 액추에이터(16)에 의해 연료 분사 밸브(14)는 개방되는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 분사 장치.4. The fuel injection valve (14) according to claim 3, wherein the fuel injection valve (14) is kept closed by the actuator (16) in the state controlled by the control device (18), and the actuator (in the state not controlled by the control device (18). Fuel injection valve (14) by means of (16). 제4항에 있어서, 액추에이터(16)에 의해 제어 챔버(19) 내에서 형성된 압력이 제어되고, 상기 압력에 의해 연료 분사 밸브(14)의 분사 밸브 부재(15)가 적어도 간접적으로 폐쇄방향으로 작용을 받는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 분사 장치.The pressure formed in the control chamber 19 by the actuator 16 is controlled, by which the injection valve member 15 of the fuel injection valve 14 acts at least indirectly in the closing direction. Fuel injection device, characterized in that receiving. 제3항에 있어서, 연료 분사 밸브(14)에 의해 분사된 연료는 액추에이터(16)가 배치된 챔버(20)로 도입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 분사 장치.4. The fuel injection device according to claim 3, wherein the fuel injected by the fuel injection valve (14) is introduced into a chamber (20) in which an actuator (16) is disposed. 제3항에 있어서, 엔진은 액추에이터(16)가 각각 배치된 복수개의 실린더를 포함하고, 최대 2개의 인젝터(12a, 12d)는 고압 펌프(10)와 직접 연결되며, 나머지 인젝터(12)는 유압 도관(58)에 의해 서로 일렬로 연결되고 고압 펌프(10)와 직접 연결된 최대 2개의 인젝터(12a, 12d)에 의해 고압 펌프(10)와 간접적으로 연결된 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 분사 장치.4. The engine according to claim 3, wherein the engine comprises a plurality of cylinders each having an actuator 16 disposed thereon, with up to two injectors 12a, 12d connected directly to the high pressure pump 10, with the remaining injectors 12 being hydraulic A fuel injection device characterized in that it is indirectly connected with the high pressure pump (10) by up to two injectors (12a, 12d) connected in series with each other by a conduit (58) and directly connected with the high pressure pump (10). 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 압력 제어 밸브(42)에 의해 제어되는 연결부(44)는 저압 영역으로의 고압 영역의 단일 연결부인 것을 특징으로 하는 연료 분사 장치.3. Fuel injection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connection (44) controlled by the pressure control valve (42) is a single connection in the high pressure region to the low pressure region.
KR1020077021555A 2005-03-21 2006-01-25 Fuel Injection Device for an Internal Combusting Engine KR101087465B1 (en)

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US7574297B2 (en) 2009-08-11

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