EP1864014B1 - Fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1864014B1
EP1864014B1 EP06701161A EP06701161A EP1864014B1 EP 1864014 B1 EP1864014 B1 EP 1864014B1 EP 06701161 A EP06701161 A EP 06701161A EP 06701161 A EP06701161 A EP 06701161A EP 1864014 B1 EP1864014 B1 EP 1864014B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injector
pressure
pressure pump
fuel injection
injection device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06701161A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1864014A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Pauer
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1864014A1 publication Critical patent/EP1864014A1/en
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Publication of EP1864014B1 publication Critical patent/EP1864014B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F02M55/025—Common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection device is characterized by the US-A-2004/0 187 848 known.
  • This fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump and in each case an injector for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • the injector is connected at least indirectly via a hydraulic line to the high-pressure pump.
  • the injectors are connected in series via the hydraulic lines, with only a first one of the injectors being directly connected to the high pressure pump.
  • a disadvantage of this known fuel injector that the pressure supply of the injectors connected in series may not be sufficiently ensured.
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the adequate pressure supply of all injectors is ensured by the direct connection of both the first injector and the last injector with the high-pressure pump.
  • FIG. 1 a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine in a simplified representation
  • FIG. 2 an injector of the fuel injection device in an enlarged view
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 the fuel injection device according to two embodiments.
  • a fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine which is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • the fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump 10 through which fuel is conveyed under high pressure.
  • an injector 12 is arranged, can be injected through the fuel into the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 only a few of the injectors 12 are shown, with further injectors are indicated by dots to the last injector 12d.
  • the injector 12 has as in FIG. 2 1, a fuel injection valve 14, through which fuel is injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder, and an electrically actuated actuator 16.
  • the actuator 16 By the actuator 16, the opening and closing movement of an injection valve member 15 of the fuel injection valve 14 is controlled.
  • the actuator 16 is preferably a piezoelectric actuator that changes its size depending on an electrical voltage applied thereto. By this size change, a switching function can be achieved by means of which the injection valve member 15 can be opened or closed.
  • the actuator 16 is driven by an electronic control device 18.
  • the actuator 16 is arranged in a fuel-filled space 20 in a housing 22 of the injector 12.
  • the actuator 16 can act, for example, on a piston 17, by which a control chamber 19 is limited, wherein the injection valve member 15 is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the control chamber 19 in the closing direction.
  • the piston 17 is held by a prestressed spring 21 in contact with the actuator 16.
  • the injection valve member 15 is also acted upon by a prestressed spring 23 in the closing direction.
  • a prestressed spring 23 When an electrical voltage is applied to the actuator 16 by the control device 18, it expands and pushes the piston 17 into the control chamber 19, in which there is thus a high pressure, by which the injection valve member 15 is held in its closed position that no fuel injection takes place. If no voltage is applied to the actuator 16 by the control device 18, this reduces its expansion, so that the piston 17 is moved out of the control chamber 19 by the spring 21, whereby the pressure in the control chamber 19 decreases. The injection valve member 15 then becomes moved by acting on this in the opening direction high pressure against the prevailing in the control chamber 19 low pressure and against the force of the spring 23 in its open position, so that fuel is injected.
  • two high-pressure ports 24 are provided, is supplied via the high-pressure fuel to the injector 12 and is continued by this.
  • the high-pressure ports 24 are connected to the space 20 in which the actuator 16 is arranged.
  • the high-pressure ports 24 are connected to the fuel injection valve 14 through the space 20 to supply fuel necessary for fuel injection.
  • the space 20 forms a high-pressure accumulator, from which the fuel is taken for injection.
  • the space 20 has a sufficiently large volume in order to be able to store the fuel volume required for the fuel injection.
  • the volume of the space 20 may be between 1 and 5 cm 3 , for example about 2 cm 3 .
  • a first injector 12a of the injectors 12 connected to the high-pressure pump 10 wherein a laxative from the high-pressure outlet 10 high-pressure pump hydraulic line 26 is connected to a high pressure port 24 of the injector 12a.
  • the first injector 12a connected to the high-pressure pump 10 is the injector of the internal combustion engine that is closest to the high-pressure pump 10.
  • the cylinders of the internal combustion engine and thus also the associated injectors 12 are arranged in series.
  • a hydraulic line 27 is connected, which leads to another injector 12 b and with a high pressure port 24 of this injector 12b is connected.
  • the injector 12b is disposed adjacent to the first injector 12a.
  • a hydraulic line 27 which in turn leads to another, preferably adjacently disposed, injector 12 and is connected to a high-pressure connection 24 of this injector 12.
  • the last injector 12d is connected to the preceding adjacent injector only via a hydraulic line 27 connected to one of its two high-pressure ports 24, while a pressure sensor 28 is arranged at its other high-pressure port 24.
  • the pressure sensor 28 can also be arranged on another injector 12, in one of the hydraulic lines 27 between the injectors 12, in the hydraulic line 26 between the high-pressure pump 10 and the first injector 12a or on the high-pressure pump 10.
  • the injectors 12 of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine are hydraulically connected in series, with only the first injector 12a is connected directly to the high-pressure pump 10.
  • the pressure sensor 28 is connected to the electrical control device 18 and provides it with a signal for the pressure actually prevailing in the injectors 12.
  • a fuel metering device 30 is arranged, through which the sucked by the high-pressure pump 10 and funded under high pressure fuel quantity can be changed.
  • a variable flow cross-section on the suction side of the high-pressure pump 10 can be set by the fuel metering device 30.
  • the suction side of the high-pressure pump 10 fuel is supplied from a reservoir 32 by means of a feed pump 34, wherein the fuel metering device 30 between the feed pump 34th and the high-pressure pump 10 is arranged.
  • the fuel metering device 30 is controlled such that the high-pressure pump 10 delivers a quantity of fuel under high pressure to the injectors 12, as required to maintain a predetermined pressure in the injectors 12 for the fuel injection.
  • the high-pressure pump 10 has only a single pump element, wherein the first injector 12a leading hydraulic line 26 is connected to the outlet of this pump element.
  • the high-pressure pump 10 has a plurality of pump elements, for example two or three pump elements, wherein the outlets of the pump elements are brought together to form a common connection to the high-pressure pump 10, to which the hydraulic line 26 leading to the first injector 12a is connected.
  • FIG. 3 the fuel injection device is shown according to a first embodiment, in which the basic structure is the same as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 , Deviating from the embodiment according to FIG. 1
  • the last injector 12d is connected via a hydraulic line 26 directly to the high-pressure pump 10.
  • the last injector 12d is also as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 connected to the adjacent injector via a hydraulic line 27.
  • Two high-pressure outlets are provided on the high-pressure pump 10, one of which is connected to the first injector 12a and the other to the last injector 12d.
  • the pressure sensor 28 may be disposed on one of the injectors 12, in a hydraulic line 27 between the injectors 12 or in a hydraulic line 26 between the high pressure pump 10 and one of the injectors 12 or on the high pressure pump 10. If the High-pressure pump 10 has only one pump element, it must be provided on this two high-pressure connections for connecting the two leading to the injectors 12a and 12d hydraulic lines 26. If the high-pressure pump 10 has two pump elements, the hydraulic line 26 to the first injector 12a at the outlet the one pump element is connected and the hydraulic line 26 to the last injector 12d is connected to the outlet of the other pump element. When the high-pressure pump 10 has more than two pump elements, their outlets are combined to form two high-pressure ports on the high-pressure pump 10, with a hydraulic line 26 leading to an injector 12a or 12d being connected to each high-pressure port.
  • each of the high-pressure pump 10 next arranged injector 12a, 12d of each cylinder row is connected via a respective hydraulic line 26 to the high-pressure pump 10.
  • the remaining injectors 12 are each connected in series by the hydraulic lines 27.
  • the construction of the high pressure pump 10 is as described in the second embodiment.
  • a pressure control valve 36 may be provided in the fuel injection device by the pressure prevailing in the injectors 12 pressure can be changed.
  • the pressure regulating valve 36 may be arranged, for example, on the high-pressure pump 10.
  • the pressure regulating valve 36 may also be arranged on the last injector 12d.
  • the pressure regulating valve 36 and the pressure sensor 28 may also be arranged at any other location.
  • the pressure regulating valve 36 is connected to the control device 18 and is controlled by the latter in order to set the pressure prevailing in the injectors 12 to a predetermined value.
  • the pressure control valve 36 is actuated by the control device 18, a very rapid change of the pressure prevailing in the injectors 12 can be achieved.
  • the high pressure pump 10 at least substantially only the fuel quantity required for fuel injection below High pressure is delivered to the injectors 12, whereby the drive power for the high-pressure pump 10 can be kept low.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The fuel injection apparatus has a high-pressure pump and has a respective injector for each cylinder of the engine, which injector is at least indirectly connected to the high-pressure pump via a hydraulic line. Each injector is connected to the high-pressure pump via a hydraulic line and/or to the injector of another cylinder of the engine. This makes it possible to eliminate the high-pressure accumulator that is usually provided between the high-pressure pump and the injectors.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist durch die US-A-2004/0 187 848 bekannt. Diese Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Hochdruckpumpe und jeweils einen Injektor für jeden Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine auf. Der Injektor ist zumindest mittelbar über eine hydraulische Leitung mit der Hochdruckpumpe verbunden. Die Injektoren sind über die hydraulischen Leitungen in Reihe miteinander verbunden, wobei nur ein erster der Injektoren direkt mit der Hochdruckpumpe verbunden ist. Nachteilig bei dieser bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist, dass die Druckversorgung der in Reihe geschalteten Injektoren unter Umständen nicht ausreichend sichergestellt ist.Such a fuel injection device is characterized by the US-A-2004/0 187 848 known. This fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump and in each case an injector for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine. The injector is connected at least indirectly via a hydraulic line to the high-pressure pump. The injectors are connected in series via the hydraulic lines, with only a first one of the injectors being directly connected to the high pressure pump. A disadvantage of this known fuel injector that the pressure supply of the injectors connected in series may not be sufficiently ensured.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass durch die direkte Verbindung sowohl des ersten Injektors als auch des letzten Injektors mit der Hochdruckpumpe die ausreichende Druckversorgung aller Injektoren sichergestellt ist.The fuel injection device according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the adequate pressure supply of all injectors is ensured by the direct connection of both the first injector and the last injector with the high-pressure pump.

In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung angegeben.In the dependent claims advantageous refinements and developments of the fuel injection device according to the invention are given.

Zeichnungdrawing

Mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine in vereinfachter Darstellung, Figur 2 einen Injektor der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung in vergrößerter Darstellung und die Figuren 3 und 4 die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß zweier Ausführungsbeispiele.Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it FIG. 1 a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine in a simplified representation, FIG. 2 an injector of the fuel injection device in an enlarged view and the FIGS. 3 and 4 the fuel injection device according to two embodiments.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In den Figuren 1 bis 4 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine dargestellt, die vorzugsweise eine selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs ist. Die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Hochdruckpumpe 10 auf, durch die Kraftstoff unter Hochdruck gefördert wird. An jedem Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein Injektor 12 angeordnet, durch den Kraftstoff in den Brennraum des Zylinders eingespritzt werden kann. In den Figuren 1 bis 4 sind dabei nur einige der Injektoren 12 dargestellt, wobei weitere Injektoren bis zum letzten Injektor 12d durch Punkte angedeutet sind. Der Injektor 12 weist wie in Figur 2 dargestellt ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 14, durch das Kraftstoff in den Brennräum des Zylinders eingespritzt wird, und einen elektrisch betätigten Aktor 16 auf. Durch den Aktor 16 wird die Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung eines Einspritzventilglieds 15 des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils 14 gesteuert. Der Aktor 16 ist vorzugsweise ein piezoelektrischer Aktor, der abhängig von einer an diesen angelegten elektrischen Spannung seine Größe ändert. Durch diese Größenänderung kann eine Schaltfunktion erzielt werden, mittels der das Einspritzventilglied 15 geöffnet bzw. geschlossen werden kann. Der Aktor 16 wird von einer elektronischen Steuereinrichtung 18 angesteuert. Der Aktor 16 ist in einem kraftstoffgefüllten Raum 20 in einem Gehäuse 22 des Injektors 12 angeordnet. Der Aktor 16 kann beispielsweise auf einen Kolben 17 wirken, durch den ein Steuerraum 19 begrenzt wird, wobei das Einspritzventilglied 15 durch den im Steuerraum 19 herrschenden Druck in Schließrichtung beaufschlagt ist. Der Kolben 17 wird durch eine vorgespannte Feder 21 in Anlage am Aktor 16 gehalten. Das Einspritzventilglied 15 wird außerdem durch eine vorgespannte Feder 23 in Schließrichtung beaufschlagt. Wenn an den Aktor 16 durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 eine elektrische Spannung angelegt ist, so dehnt sich dieser aus und drückt den Kolben 17 in den Steuerraum 19, in dem somit ein hoher Druck herrscht, durch den das Einspritzventilglied 15 in seiner Schließstellung gehalten wird, so dass keine Kraftstoffeinspritzung erfolgt. Wenn durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 keine elektrische Spannung an den Aktor 16 angelegt wird, so verringert dieser seine Ausdehnung, so dass der Kolben 17 durch die Feder 21 aus dem Steuerraum 19 herausbewegt wird, wodurch der Druck im Steuerraum 19 sinkt. Das Einspritzventilglied 15 wird dann durch den auf dieses in Öffnungsrichtung wirkenden Hochdruck gegen den im Steuerraum 19 herrschenden geringen Druck und gegen die Kraft der Feder 23 in seine Öffnungsstellung bewegt, so dass Kraftstoff eingespritzt wird.In the FIGS. 1 to 4 a fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is shown, which is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump 10 through which fuel is conveyed under high pressure. On each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, an injector 12 is arranged, can be injected through the fuel into the combustion chamber of the cylinder. In the FIGS. 1 to 4 only a few of the injectors 12 are shown, with further injectors are indicated by dots to the last injector 12d. The injector 12 has as in FIG. 2 1, a fuel injection valve 14, through which fuel is injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder, and an electrically actuated actuator 16. By the actuator 16, the opening and closing movement of an injection valve member 15 of the fuel injection valve 14 is controlled. The actuator 16 is preferably a piezoelectric actuator that changes its size depending on an electrical voltage applied thereto. By this size change, a switching function can be achieved by means of which the injection valve member 15 can be opened or closed. The actuator 16 is driven by an electronic control device 18. The actuator 16 is arranged in a fuel-filled space 20 in a housing 22 of the injector 12. The actuator 16 can act, for example, on a piston 17, by which a control chamber 19 is limited, wherein the injection valve member 15 is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the control chamber 19 in the closing direction. The piston 17 is held by a prestressed spring 21 in contact with the actuator 16. The injection valve member 15 is also acted upon by a prestressed spring 23 in the closing direction. When an electrical voltage is applied to the actuator 16 by the control device 18, it expands and pushes the piston 17 into the control chamber 19, in which there is thus a high pressure, by which the injection valve member 15 is held in its closed position that no fuel injection takes place. If no voltage is applied to the actuator 16 by the control device 18, this reduces its expansion, so that the piston 17 is moved out of the control chamber 19 by the spring 21, whereby the pressure in the control chamber 19 decreases. The injection valve member 15 then becomes moved by acting on this in the opening direction high pressure against the prevailing in the control chamber 19 low pressure and against the force of the spring 23 in its open position, so that fuel is injected.

Am Gehäuse 22 des Injektors 12 sind zwei Hochdruckanschlüsse 24 vorgesehen, über die unter Hochdruck stehender Kraftstoff dem Injektor 12 zugeführt wird bzw. von diesem weitergeführt wird. Die Hochdruckanschlüsse 24 sind mit dem Raum 20 verbunden, in dem der Aktor 16 angeordnet ist. Außerdem sind die Hochdruckanschlüsse 24 über den Raum 20 mit dem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 14 verbunden, um diesem den für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung erforderlichen Kraftstoff zuzuführen. Der Raum 20 bildet dabei einen Hochdruckspeicher, aus dem der Kraftstoff zur Einspritzung entnommen wird. Der Raum 20 besitzt dabei ein ausreichend großes Volumen, um das für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung erforderliche Kraftstoffvolumen speichern zu können. Das Volumen des Raums 20 kann zwischen 1 und 5 cm3, beispielsweise etwa 2 cm3 betragen.On the housing 22 of the injector 12, two high-pressure ports 24 are provided, is supplied via the high-pressure fuel to the injector 12 and is continued by this. The high-pressure ports 24 are connected to the space 20 in which the actuator 16 is arranged. In addition, the high-pressure ports 24 are connected to the fuel injection valve 14 through the space 20 to supply fuel necessary for fuel injection. The space 20 forms a high-pressure accumulator, from which the fuel is taken for injection. In this case, the space 20 has a sufficiently large volume in order to be able to store the fuel volume required for the fuel injection. The volume of the space 20 may be between 1 and 5 cm 3 , for example about 2 cm 3 .

Bei einer in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist abweichend von der Erfindung nur ein erster Injektor 12a der Injektoren 12 mit der Hochdruckpumpe 10 verbunden, wobei eine vom Hochdruckauslass der Hochdruckpumpe 10 abführende hydraulische Leitung 26 mit einem Hochdruckanschluss 24 des Injektors 12a verbunden ist. Vorzugsweise ist der mit der Hochdruckpumpe 10 verbundene erste Injektor 12a der am nächsten zur Hochdruckpumpe 10 angeordnete Injektor der Brennkraftmaschine. Die Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine und damit auch die diesen zugeordneten Injektoren 12 sind in Reihe angeordnet. Mit dem anderen Hochdruckanschluss 24 des ersten Injektors 12a ist eine hydraulische Leitung 27 verbunden, die zu einem anderen Injektor 12b führt und mit einem Hochdruckanschluss 24 dieses Injektors 12b verbunden ist. Vorzugsweise ist der Injektor 12b benachbart zum ersten Injektor 12a angeordnet. Mit dem anderen Hochdruckanschluss 24 des Injektors 12b ist eine hydraulische Leitung 27 verbunden, die wiederum zu einem anderen, vorzugsweise benachbart angeordneten Injektor 12 führt und mit einem Hochdruckanschluss 24 dieses Injektors 12 verbunden ist. Der letzte Injektor 12d ist nur über eine an einem von dessen beiden Hochdruckanschlüssen 24 angeschlossene hydraulische Leitung 27 mit dem vorhergehenden benachbarten Injektor verbunden, während an dessen anderem Hochdruckanschluss 24 ein Drucksensor 28 angeordnet ist. Alternativ kann der Drucksensor 28 auch an einem anderen Injektor 12, in einer der hydraulischen Leitungen 27 zwischen den Injektoren 12, in der hydraulischen Leitung 26 zwischen der Hochdruckpumpe 10 und dem ersten Injektor 12a oder an der Hochdruckpumpe 10 angeordnet sein. Die Injektoren 12 der Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine sind hydraulisch in Reihe miteinander verbunden, wobei nur der erste Injektor 12a direkt mit der Hochdruckpumpe 10 verbunden ist.At an in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment of the fuel injection device is deviating from the invention, only a first injector 12a of the injectors 12 connected to the high-pressure pump 10, wherein a laxative from the high-pressure outlet 10 high-pressure pump hydraulic line 26 is connected to a high pressure port 24 of the injector 12a. Preferably, the first injector 12a connected to the high-pressure pump 10 is the injector of the internal combustion engine that is closest to the high-pressure pump 10. The cylinders of the internal combustion engine and thus also the associated injectors 12 are arranged in series. With the other high pressure port 24 of the first injector 12 a, a hydraulic line 27 is connected, which leads to another injector 12 b and with a high pressure port 24 of this injector 12b is connected. Preferably, the injector 12b is disposed adjacent to the first injector 12a. Connected to the other high-pressure connection 24 of the injector 12b is a hydraulic line 27, which in turn leads to another, preferably adjacently disposed, injector 12 and is connected to a high-pressure connection 24 of this injector 12. The last injector 12d is connected to the preceding adjacent injector only via a hydraulic line 27 connected to one of its two high-pressure ports 24, while a pressure sensor 28 is arranged at its other high-pressure port 24. Alternatively, the pressure sensor 28 can also be arranged on another injector 12, in one of the hydraulic lines 27 between the injectors 12, in the hydraulic line 26 between the high-pressure pump 10 and the first injector 12a or on the high-pressure pump 10. The injectors 12 of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine are hydraulically connected in series, with only the first injector 12a is connected directly to the high-pressure pump 10.

Der Drucksensor 28 ist mit der elektrischen Steuereinrichtung 18 verbunden und liefert dieser ein Signal für den tatsächlich in den Injektoren 12 herrschenden Druck. Auf der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 10 ist eine Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung 30 angeordnet, durch die die von der Hochdruckpumpe 10 angesaugte und unter Hochdruck geförderte Kraftstoffmenge verändert werden kann. Durch die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung 30 kann beispielsweise ein veränderlicher Durchflussquerschnitt auf der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 10 eingestellt werden. Vorzugsweise wird der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 10 Kraftstoff aus einem Vorratsbehälter 32 mittels einer Förderpumpe 34 zugeführt, wobei die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung 30 zwischen der Förderpumpe 34 und der Hochdruckpumpe 10 angeordnet ist. Durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 wird die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung 30 derart angesteuert, dass die Hochdruckpumpe 10 eine Kraftstoffmenge unter Hochdruck zu den Injektoren 12 fördert, wie sie erforderlich ist, um in den Injektoren 12 einen vorgegebenen Druck für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung aufrechtzuerhalten.The pressure sensor 28 is connected to the electrical control device 18 and provides it with a signal for the pressure actually prevailing in the injectors 12. On the suction side of the high-pressure pump 10, a fuel metering device 30 is arranged, through which the sucked by the high-pressure pump 10 and funded under high pressure fuel quantity can be changed. For example, a variable flow cross-section on the suction side of the high-pressure pump 10 can be set by the fuel metering device 30. Preferably, the suction side of the high-pressure pump 10 fuel is supplied from a reservoir 32 by means of a feed pump 34, wherein the fuel metering device 30 between the feed pump 34th and the high-pressure pump 10 is arranged. By the control device 18, the fuel metering device 30 is controlled such that the high-pressure pump 10 delivers a quantity of fuel under high pressure to the injectors 12, as required to maintain a predetermined pressure in the injectors 12 for the fuel injection.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Hochdruckpumpe 10 nur ein einziges Pumpenelement aufweist, wobei die zum ersten Injektor 12a führende hydraulische Leitung 26 am Auslass dieses Pumpenelements angeschlossen ist. Alternativ kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Hochdruckpumpe 10 mehrere Pumpenelemente aufweist, beispielsweise zwei oder drei Pumpenelemente, wobei die Auslässe der Pumpenelemente zu einem gemeinsamen Anschluss an der Hochdruckpumpe 10 zusammengeführt sind, an dem die zum ersten Injektor 12a führende hydraulische Leitung 26 angeschlossen ist.It can be provided that the high-pressure pump 10 has only a single pump element, wherein the first injector 12a leading hydraulic line 26 is connected to the outlet of this pump element. Alternatively, it can also be provided that the high-pressure pump 10 has a plurality of pump elements, for example two or three pump elements, wherein the outlets of the pump elements are brought together to form a common connection to the high-pressure pump 10, to which the hydraulic line 26 leading to the first injector 12a is connected.

In Figur 3 ist die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, bei dem der grundsätzliche Aufbau gleich ist wie bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 1. Abweichend zur Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 1 ist hier jedoch auch der letzte Injektor 12d über eine hydraulische Leitung 26 direkt mit der Hochdruckpumpe 10 verbunden. Der letzte Injektor 12d ist außerdem wie bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 1 mit dem diesem benachbarten Injektor über eine hydraulische Leitung 27 verbunden. An der Hochdruckpumpe 10 sind hierbei zwei Hochdruckauslässe vorgesehen, von denen einer mit dem ersten Injektor 12a und der andere mit dem letzten Injektor 12d verbunden ist. Der Drucksensor 28 kann an einem der Injektoren 12, in einer hydraulischen Leitung 27 zwischen den Injektoren 12 oder in einer hydraulischen Leitung 26 zwischen der Hochdruckpumpe 10 und einem der Injektoren 12 oder an der Hochdruckpumpe 10 angeordnet sein. Wenn die Hochdruckpumpe 10 nur ein Pumpenelement aufweist, so müssen an diesem zwei Hochdruckanschlüsse vorgesehen sein zum Anschließen der beiden zu den Injektoren 12a und 12d führenden hydraulischen Leitungen 26. Wenn die Hochdruckpumpe 10 zwei Pumpenelemente aufweist, so ist die hydraulische Leitung 26 zum ersten Injektor 12a am Auslass des einen Pumpenelements angeschlossen und die hydraulische Leitung 26 zum letzten Injektor 12d ist am Auslass des anderen Pumpenelements angeschlossen. Wenn die Hochdruckpumpe 10 mehr als zwei Pumpenelemente aufweist, so sind deren Auslässe zu zwei Hochdruckanschlüssen an der Hochdruckpumpe 10 zusammengeführt, wobei an jedem Hochdruckanschluss eine zu einem Injektor 12a bzw. 12d führende hydraulische Leitung 26 angeschlossen ist.In FIG. 3 the fuel injection device is shown according to a first embodiment, in which the basic structure is the same as in the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 1 , Deviating from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 Here, however, the last injector 12d is connected via a hydraulic line 26 directly to the high-pressure pump 10. The last injector 12d is also as in the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 1 connected to the adjacent injector via a hydraulic line 27. Two high-pressure outlets are provided on the high-pressure pump 10, one of which is connected to the first injector 12a and the other to the last injector 12d. The pressure sensor 28 may be disposed on one of the injectors 12, in a hydraulic line 27 between the injectors 12 or in a hydraulic line 26 between the high pressure pump 10 and one of the injectors 12 or on the high pressure pump 10. If the High-pressure pump 10 has only one pump element, it must be provided on this two high-pressure connections for connecting the two leading to the injectors 12a and 12d hydraulic lines 26. If the high-pressure pump 10 has two pump elements, the hydraulic line 26 to the first injector 12a at the outlet the one pump element is connected and the hydraulic line 26 to the last injector 12d is connected to the outlet of the other pump element. When the high-pressure pump 10 has more than two pump elements, their outlets are combined to form two high-pressure ports on the high-pressure pump 10, with a hydraulic line 26 leading to an injector 12a or 12d being connected to each high-pressure port.

In Figur 4 ist die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, bei dem jeweils der der Hochdruckpumpe 10 am nächsten angeordnete Injektor 12a, 12d jeder Zylinderreihe über jeweils eine hydraulische Leitung 26 mit der Hochdruckpumpe 10 verbunden ist. Die übrigen Injektoren 12 sind jeweils durch die hydraulischen Leitungen 27 untereinander in Reihe verbunden. Die Ausbildung der Hochdruckpumpe 10 ist wie beim zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben.In FIG. 4 the fuel injection device is shown according to a second embodiment, in which each of the high-pressure pump 10 next arranged injector 12a, 12d of each cylinder row is connected via a respective hydraulic line 26 to the high-pressure pump 10. The remaining injectors 12 are each connected in series by the hydraulic lines 27. The construction of the high pressure pump 10 is as described in the second embodiment.

Zusätzlich kann bei der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ein Druckregelventil 36 vorgesehen sein durch das der in den Injektoren 12 herrschende Druck verändert werden kann. Das Druckregelventil 36 kann beispielsweise an der Hochdruckpumpe 10 angeordnet sein. Alternativ kann das Druckregelventil 36 auch am letzten Injektor 12d angeordnet sein. Das Druckregelventil 36 und der Drucksensor 28 können auch an einer beliebigen anderen Stelle angeordnet sein. Das Druckregelventil 36 ist mit der Steuereinrichtung 18 verbunden und wird durch diese angesteuert, um den in den Injektoren 12 herrschenden Druck auf einen vorgegebenen Wert einzustellen. Bei Ansteuerung des Druckregelventils 36 durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 kann eine sehr schnelle Änderung des in den Injektoren 12 herrschenden Drucks erreicht werden. Bei Ansteuerung der Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung 30 durch die Steuereinrichtung 18 kann erreicht werden, dass die Hochdruckpumpe 10 zumindest im wesentlichen nur die für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung erforderliche Kraftstoffmenge unter Hochdruck zu den Injektoren 12 gefördert wird, wodurch die Antriebsleistung für die Hochdruckpumpe 10 gering gehalten werden kann.In addition, a pressure control valve 36 may be provided in the fuel injection device by the pressure prevailing in the injectors 12 pressure can be changed. The pressure regulating valve 36 may be arranged, for example, on the high-pressure pump 10. Alternatively, the pressure regulating valve 36 may also be arranged on the last injector 12d. The pressure regulating valve 36 and the pressure sensor 28 may also be arranged at any other location. The pressure regulating valve 36 is connected to the control device 18 and is controlled by the latter in order to set the pressure prevailing in the injectors 12 to a predetermined value. When the pressure control valve 36 is actuated by the control device 18, a very rapid change of the pressure prevailing in the injectors 12 can be achieved. When controlling the fuel metering device 30 by the control device 18 can be achieved that the high pressure pump 10 at least substantially only the fuel quantity required for fuel injection below High pressure is delivered to the injectors 12, whereby the drive power for the high-pressure pump 10 can be kept low.

Claims (9)

  1. Fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, having a high-pressure pump (10) and having in each case one injector (12) for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, which injector (12) is connected at least indirectly by means of a hydraulic line (26;27) to the high-pressure pump (10), with each injector (12) being connected by means of a hydraulic line (26;27) to the high-pressure pump (10) and/or to the injector (12) of another cylinder of the internal combustion engine, with the injectors (12) being connected to one another in series by means of the hydraulic lines (26;27), characterized in that a first injector (12a) and a final injector (12d) are connected directly to the high-pressure pump (10).
  2. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that each injector (12) has at least one accumulator chamber (20) which is connected to the hydraulic lines (26;27).
  3. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each injector (12) has two high-pressure connections (24) for the hydraulic lines (26;27).
  4. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one pressure sensor (28) is arranged at the high-pressure pump (10), at one of the injectors (12), in a hydraulic line (27) between the injectors (12) or in a hydraulic line (26) between the high-pressure pump (10) and one of the injectors (12).
  5. Fuel injection device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the at least one pressure sensor (28) is connected to an electric control device (18) and in that a fuel metering device (30) is connected upstream of the high-pressure pump (10), which fuel metering device (30) is activated by the control device (18) as a function of the pressure measured by the pressure sensor (28).
  6. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one pressure regulating valve (36) which is activated by an electric control device (18) is arranged at the high-pressure pump (10), at one of the injectors (12), in a hydraulic line (27) between the injectors (12) or in a hydraulic line (26) between the high-pressure pump (10) and one of the injectors (12).
  7. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-pressure pump (10) has a single pump element to which the first injector (12a) and the final injector (12d) are connected by means of a hydraulic line (26).
  8. Fuel injection device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the high-pressure pump (10) has a plurality of pump elements which are connected to a common high-pressure connection of the high-pressure pump (10), to which common high-pressure connection the first injector (12a) and the final injector (12d) are connected by means of a hydraulic line (26).
  9. Fuel injection device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the high-pressure pump (10) has two pump elements to which the first injector (12a) and the final injector (12d) are connected respectively by means of in each case one hydraulic line (26).
EP06701161A 2005-03-21 2006-01-25 Fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine Not-in-force EP1864014B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102005012928A DE102005012928A1 (en) 2005-03-21 2005-03-21 Fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2006/050448 WO2006100142A1 (en) 2005-03-21 2006-01-25 Fuel injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine

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EP1864014A1 EP1864014A1 (en) 2007-12-12
EP1864014B1 true EP1864014B1 (en) 2009-11-11

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US (1) US7588016B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1864014B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4651057B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101092767B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101163879B (en)
AT (1) ATE448402T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005012928A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006100142A1 (en)

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US20080184962A1 (en) 2008-08-07
JP2008533387A (en) 2008-08-21
CN101163879B (en) 2011-03-23
DE102005012928A1 (en) 2006-09-28
WO2006100142A1 (en) 2006-09-28
US7588016B2 (en) 2009-09-15
DE502006005338D1 (en) 2009-12-24
KR20070110377A (en) 2007-11-16
KR101092767B1 (en) 2011-12-09
EP1864014A1 (en) 2007-12-12
CN101163879A (en) 2008-04-16
JP4651057B2 (en) 2011-03-16
ATE448402T1 (en) 2009-11-15

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