EP1476654B1 - Fuel injection device for a combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel injection device for a combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1476654B1
EP1476654B1 EP02804534A EP02804534A EP1476654B1 EP 1476654 B1 EP1476654 B1 EP 1476654B1 EP 02804534 A EP02804534 A EP 02804534A EP 02804534 A EP02804534 A EP 02804534A EP 1476654 B1 EP1476654 B1 EP 1476654B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
pressure
pump
return
injection device
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP02804534A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1476654A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Geyer
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/002—Arrangement of leakage or drain conduits in or from injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0001—Fuel-injection apparatus with specially arranged lubricating system, e.g. by fuel oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/31—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements
    • F02M2200/315—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements for damping fuel pressure fluctuations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection device is known from the literature, for example Diesel engine management, publishing house Vieweg, 2. Auflage 1998, page 262 , known.
  • This fuel injection device has a feed pump, is conveyed by the fuel from a fuel tank to a high-pressure pump.
  • fuel is conveyed into a memory, are connected to the injectors, is injected through the fuel to the internal combustion engine.
  • a fuel filter is arranged between the feed pump and the high-pressure pump.
  • the disadvantage here is that constantly a large amount of fuel must be sucked through the pump, which is partially returned to the fuel tank.
  • the feed pump and the fuel filter must therefore be sized accordingly large and it is short maintenance intervals to change the fuel filter required to ensure its reliable operation.
  • the fuel injection device with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that needs to be funded by the return of the uninsulated fuel in the connection between the feed pump and the high pressure pump by the feed pump, a smaller amount of fuel, so that it can be dimensioned correspondingly smaller ,
  • the fuel filter can also be dimensioned smaller and the maintenance intervals for its replacement can be extended.
  • the further fuel filter in the return ensures that also the returned and the high-pressure pump again supplied fuel is sufficiently cleaned.
  • the additional fuel filter can be designed with regard to the dimensioning and the required maintenance intervals for the change independently of the other fuel filter according to the lower requirements, since the returning fuel does not have as much pollution as the fuel sucked from the fuel tank.
  • the volume of the further fuel filter can also cause an attenuation of pressure oscillations and / or pressure surges in the return.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in a schematic representation and Figure 2 shows the fuel injector fragmentary according to a modified embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle.
  • the internal combustion engine is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine and has one or more cylinders.
  • the fuel injection device has a feed pump 10, which can be arranged inside or outside a fuel storage container 12 of the motor vehicle.
  • the feed pump 10 may have an electric drive motor and sucks, for example, via a pre-filter 14 fuel from the fuel tank 12 at.
  • the feed pump 10 can also be driven, for example, mechanically by the internal combustion engine or a high pressure pump 18 explained below. From the outlet of the feed pump 10 performs a connection 16 to the high-pressure pump 18.
  • a fuel filter 20 is arranged in the connection 16, which is designed as a fine filter and which is flowed through by the funded by the feed pump 10 fuel.
  • the fuel filter 20 is designed and dimensioned such that the amount of fuel delivered by the feed pump 10 can pass through it.
  • a maintenance interval for replacement of the fuel filter 20 is set so that the function of the fuel filter 20 is ensured.
  • the high-pressure pump 18 has, for example, a plurality of pump elements 19, each one in a Cylinder bore guided piston, which is driven by a drive 17 in a lifting movement.
  • the drive 17 may, for example, have a camshaft on which the pump pistons of the pump elements run, or an eccentric shaft and a polygon moved by it, on which the pump pistons are supported.
  • the high-pressure pump 18 is preferably driven mechanically by the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 18 is supplied to a reservoir 24 via a connection 23.
  • Each pump element 19 of the high-pressure pump 18 has an inlet valve 21 which opens into the pump element 19 and can pass through the fuel from the feed pump 10 into the pump element 19.
  • Each pump element 19 also has an outlet valve 22, can be displaced by the fuel to the memory 24 out of the pump element 19.
  • an injector 26 is provided, is injected through the fuel into the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
  • Each injector 26 is connected to the reservoir 24 via a connection 28 and the opening of the injector 26 for fuel injection is controlled by an electrically actuated valve 30.
  • a pressure booster 32 may be arranged, by which the pressure of the fuel supplied to the injector 26 is increased again compared to the pressure prevailing in the memory 24 pressure.
  • a fuel metering device 34 is provided, through which the Druchfluß of fuel to the high-pressure pump 18 is set.
  • the metering device 34 has an electrically operated control valve, which is switched by an actuator 36, for example in the form of an electromagnet or a piezoelectric actuator.
  • the actuator 36 is controlled by an electronic control device 38.
  • a pressure sensor 40 is arranged, which is connected to the control device 38. By the control device 38, the actuator 36 is driven such that the fuel metering device 34 adjusts a flow of fuel to the high-pressure pump 18, which is required to maintain a predetermined pressure with the fuel delivered by the high pressure pump 18 in the reservoir 24.
  • connection 16 of the feed pump 10 with the high-pressure pump 18 upstream of the fuel metering 34 may be provided to the drive 17 of the high-pressure pump 18 leading connection 48 through which a portion of the funded from the feed pump 10 fuel is supplied to the drive 17 for its lubrication.
  • a pressure valve 50 which opens toward the drive 17 is preferably arranged, which releases the connection 48 only when a predetermined pressure is exceeded.
  • the pressure valve 52 ensures that, in particular when starting the engine when a high pressure in the memory 24 is required and this still has to be filled, the entire funded by the pump 10 fuel quantity of the high pressure pump 18 is supplied and no fuel for lubrication Drive 17 is branched off.
  • Downstream of the pressure valve 50 is preferably a throttle point 52 is provided, through which the flow in the connection 48 is limited. Downstream of the pressure valve 50 and the throttle point 52 can branch off from the connection 48, a return line 54 which opens upstream of the pressure valve 50 in the connection 16 and in which a throttle point 56 may be provided. Alternatively, the return line 54 also open into the fuel tank 12.
  • a different embodiment of the fuel injection device is shown in which the connection 48 is not for Drive portion 17 of the high-pressure pump 18 leads but to a return line 80 in the fuel tank 12.
  • a lubrication of the drive 17 of the high pressure pump 18 takes place in other ways, for example by the drive 17 is connected to a lubricating oil circuit of the internal combustion engine.
  • a mouth of the return line 54 or 80 in the fuel tank 12 a balanced temperature balance with low temperature differences between the fuel in the reservoir 12 and the fuel in circulation is achieved.
  • the check valve 64 has a valve element 68 loaded by a spring 66 in the closing direction and thus opens only when the force caused by the pressure in the return line 60 on the valve element 68 exceeds the force of the closing spring 66.
  • a pressure relief valve 70 is arranged, the at Exceeding a predetermined pressure in the memory 24 opens and a drain 72 releases from the memory 24, which opens into the return 60 upstream of the further fuel filter 62. It may also be provided that also discharges from the pressure booster 32, a drain 74, for example, due to a leakage at the pressure booster 32 exiting fuel or a required to control the pressure booster 32 fuel amount, the drain 74 also in the return 60 upstream of the further fuel filter 62 opens.
  • the further fuel filter 62 in the return 60 is formed as a fine filter, wherein the fuel flowing through the return 60 contains only small impurities from the high pressure pump 18, the memory 24, the pressure booster 32, the injectors 26 or the existing between these compounds.
  • the design and the maintenance interval of the further fuel filter 62 can therefore be selected according to these conditions and independently of the fuel filter 20.
  • the further fuel filter 62 in the return can in particular also be suitably designed in accordance with the relatively high temperature of the flowing-back fuel. Due to the volume of the further fuel filter 62 in the return pressure vibrations and pressure surges can be attenuated, which are caused at the completion of the fuel injection to the injectors 26 beyond.
  • the further fuel filter 62 may also serve as a fuel cooler or it may be provided in the return 60, a separate fuel cooler to lower the temperature of the returned fuel.

Abstract

The fuel injection device has a fuel-supply pump that delivers fuel from a fuel tank to a high-pressure pump which delivers fuel to a reservoir connected to at least one injector that injects fuel into the internal combustion engine. A fuel filter is disposed between the fuel-supply pump and the high-pressure pump, wherein a return for fuel from the at least one injector and/or from the reservoir to a low-pressure region is provided. The return is provided with an additional fuel filter and downstream of the fuel filter, the return feeds into the connection between the fuel-supply pump and the high-pressure pump.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist aus der Literatur, beispielsweise Dieselmotor-Management, Verlag Vieweg, 2.Auflage 1998, Seite 262 , bekannt. Diese Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Förderpumpe auf, durch die Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter zu einer Hochdruckpumpe gefördert wird. Durch die Hochdruckpumpe wird Kraftstoff in einen Speicher gefördert, mit dem Injektoren verbunden sind, durch die Kraftstoff an der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird. Zwischen der Förderpumpe und der Hochdruckpumpe ist ein Kraftstoffilter angeordnet. Es ist ein Rücklauf für nicht eingespritzten Kraftstoff von den Injektoren in einen Niederdruckbereich vorgesehen, als der der Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter dient. Nachteilig hierbei ist, daß durch die Förderpumpe ständig eine große Kraftstoffmenge angesaugt werden muss, die teilweise wieder in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter zurückgeleitet wird. Die Förderpumpe und das Kraftstoffilter müssen daher entsprechend groß dimensioniert werden und es ist sind kurze Wartungsintervalle zum Wechsel des Kraftstoffilters erforderlich, um dessen zuverlässige Funktion sicherzustellen.Such a fuel injection device is known from the literature, for example Diesel engine management, publishing house Vieweg, 2.Auflage 1998, page 262 , known. This fuel injection device has a feed pump, is conveyed by the fuel from a fuel tank to a high-pressure pump. By the high-pressure pump fuel is conveyed into a memory, are connected to the injectors, is injected through the fuel to the internal combustion engine. Between the feed pump and the high-pressure pump, a fuel filter is arranged. There is provided a return for uninjected fuel from the injectors in a low pressure region, as the fuel tank is used. The disadvantage here is that constantly a large amount of fuel must be sucked through the pump, which is partially returned to the fuel tank. The feed pump and the fuel filter must therefore be sized accordingly large and it is short maintenance intervals to change the fuel filter required to ensure its reliable operation.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß durch die Rückführung des nicht eingespritzten Kraftstoffs in die Verbindung zwischen die Förderpumpe und die Hochdruckpumpe durch die Förderpumpe eine geringere Kraftstoffmenge gefördert zu werden braucht, so daß diese entsprechend kleiner dimensioniert werden kann. Auch das Kraftstoffilter kann entsprechend kleiner dimensioniert werden und die Wartungsintervalle für dessen Wechsel können verlängert werden. Durch das weitere Kraftstoffilter im Rücklauf ist sichergestellt, daß auch der zurückgeleitete und der Hochdruckpumpe wieder zugeführte Kraftstoff ausreichend gereinigt ist. Das weitere Kraftstoffilter kann dabei hinsichtlich der Dimensionierung und der erforderlichen Wartungsintervalle für dessen Wechsel unabhängig vom anderen Kraftstoffilter entsprechend der geringeren Anforderungen ausgelegt werden, da der zurückfließende Kraftstoff keine so starke Verunreinigung wie der aus dem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter angesaugte Kraftstoff aufweist. Das Volumen des weiteren Kraftstoffilters kann dabei außerdem eine Dämpfung von Druckschwingungen und/oder Druckstößen im Rücklauf bewirken.The fuel injection device according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that needs to be funded by the return of the uninsulated fuel in the connection between the feed pump and the high pressure pump by the feed pump, a smaller amount of fuel, so that it can be dimensioned correspondingly smaller , The fuel filter can also be dimensioned smaller and the maintenance intervals for its replacement can be extended. The further fuel filter in the return ensures that also the returned and the high-pressure pump again supplied fuel is sufficiently cleaned. The additional fuel filter can be designed with regard to the dimensioning and the required maintenance intervals for the change independently of the other fuel filter according to the lower requirements, since the returning fuel does not have as much pollution as the fuel sucked from the fuel tank. The volume of the further fuel filter can also cause an attenuation of pressure oscillations and / or pressure surges in the return.

In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung angegeben. Durch die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 2 ist sichergestellt, daß durch die Förderpumpe kein Kraftstoff in den Rücklauf gefördert wird. Durch den Öffnungsdruck des Rückschlagventils kann außerdem das Druckniveau im Rücklauf eingestellt werden.In the dependent claims advantageous refinements and developments of the fuel injection device according to the invention are given. Due to the design according to claim 2 it is ensured that no fuel is conveyed by the feed pump in the return. By the opening pressure of the check valve also the pressure level can be set in the return.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs in schematischer Darstellung und Figur 2 die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ausschnittsweise gemäß einer modifizierten Ausführung.An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and closer in the following description explained. 1 shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in a schematic representation and Figure 2 shows the fuel injector fragmentary according to a modified embodiment.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

In Figur 1 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine beispielsweise eines Kraftfahrzeugs dargestellt. Die Brennkraftmaschine ist vorzugsweise eine selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine und weist einen oder mehrere Zylinder auf. Die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Förderpumpe 10 auf, die innerhalb oder außerhalb eines Kraftstoffvorratsbehälters 12 des Kraftfahrzeugs angeordnet sein kann. Die Förderpumpe 10 kann einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor aufweisen und saugt beispielsweise über ein Vorfilter 14 Kraftstoff aus dem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 an. Die Förderpumpe 10 kann auch beispielsweise mechanisch durch die Brennkraftmaschine oder eine nachfolgend erläuterte Hochdruckpumpe 18 angetrieben werden. Vom Auslass der Förderpumpe 10 führt eine Verbindung 16 zu der Hochdruckpumpe 18. Zwischen der Förderpumpe 10 und der Hochdruckpumpe 18 ist in der Verbindung 16 ein Kraftstoffilter 20 angeordnet, das als Feinfilter ausgebildet ist und das von dem durch die Förderpumpe 10 geförderten Kraftstoff durchströmt wird. Das Kraftstoffilter 20 ist derart ausgelegt und dimensioniert, daß die von der Förderpumpe 10 geförderte Kraftstoffmenge durch dieses hindurchtreten kann. Ein Wartungsintervall für einen Austausch des Kraftstoffilters 20 ist derart festgelegt, daß die Funktion des Kraftstoffilters 20 sichergestellt ist.FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle. The internal combustion engine is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine and has one or more cylinders. The fuel injection device has a feed pump 10, which can be arranged inside or outside a fuel storage container 12 of the motor vehicle. The feed pump 10 may have an electric drive motor and sucks, for example, via a pre-filter 14 fuel from the fuel tank 12 at. The feed pump 10 can also be driven, for example, mechanically by the internal combustion engine or a high pressure pump 18 explained below. From the outlet of the feed pump 10 performs a connection 16 to the high-pressure pump 18. Between the feed pump 10 and the high-pressure pump 18, a fuel filter 20 is arranged in the connection 16, which is designed as a fine filter and which is flowed through by the funded by the feed pump 10 fuel. The fuel filter 20 is designed and dimensioned such that the amount of fuel delivered by the feed pump 10 can pass through it. A maintenance interval for replacement of the fuel filter 20 is set so that the function of the fuel filter 20 is ensured.

Die Hochdruckpumpe 18 weist beispielsweise mehrere Pumpenelemente 19 auf, die jeweils einen in einer Zylinderbohrung geführten Kolben aufweisen, der durch einen Antrieb 17 in einer Hubbewegung angetrieben wird. Der Antrieb 17 kann beispielsweise eine Nockenwelle aufweisen, auf der die Pumpenkolben der Pumpenelemente laufen, oder eine Exzenterwelle und ein durch diese bewegtes Polygon, auf dem sich die Pumpenkolben abstützen. Die Hochdruckpumpe 18 wird vorzugsweise mechanisch durch die Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben. Der durch die Hochdruckpumpe 18 geförderte Kraftstoff wird über eine Verbindung 23 einem Speicher 24 zugeführt. Jedes Pumpenelement 19 der Hochdruckpumpe 18 weist ein Einlaßventil 21 auf, das in das Pumpenelement 19 öffnet und durch das Kraftstoff von der Förderpumpe 10 her in das Pumpenelement 19 gelangen kann. Jedes Pumpenelement 19 weist außerdem ein Auslaßventil 22 auf, durch das Kraftstoff zum Speicher 24 hin aus dem Pumpenelement 19 verdrängt werden kann. Für jeden Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein Injektor 26 vorgesehen, durch den Kraftstoff in den Brennraum des Zylinders eingespritzt wird. Jeder Injektor 26 ist über eine Verbindung 28 mit dem Speicher 24 verbunden und die Öffnung des Injektors 26 zur Kraftstoffeinspritzung wird durch ein elektrisch angesteuertes Ventil 30 gesteuert.The high-pressure pump 18 has, for example, a plurality of pump elements 19, each one in a Cylinder bore guided piston, which is driven by a drive 17 in a lifting movement. The drive 17 may, for example, have a camshaft on which the pump pistons of the pump elements run, or an eccentric shaft and a polygon moved by it, on which the pump pistons are supported. The high-pressure pump 18 is preferably driven mechanically by the internal combustion engine. The fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 18 is supplied to a reservoir 24 via a connection 23. Each pump element 19 of the high-pressure pump 18 has an inlet valve 21 which opens into the pump element 19 and can pass through the fuel from the feed pump 10 into the pump element 19. Each pump element 19 also has an outlet valve 22, can be displaced by the fuel to the memory 24 out of the pump element 19. For each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, an injector 26 is provided, is injected through the fuel into the combustion chamber of the cylinder. Each injector 26 is connected to the reservoir 24 via a connection 28 and the opening of the injector 26 for fuel injection is controlled by an electrically actuated valve 30.

In der Verbindung 28 zwischen dem Speicher 24 und dem Injektor 26 kann eine Druckübersetzungseinrichtung 32 angeordnet sein, durch die der Druck des dem Injektor 26 zugeführten Kraftstoffs gegenüber dem im Speicher 24 herrschenden Druck nochmals erhöht wird.In the connection 28 between the reservoir 24 and the injector 26, a pressure booster 32 may be arranged, by which the pressure of the fuel supplied to the injector 26 is increased again compared to the pressure prevailing in the memory 24 pressure.

In der Verbindung 16 der Förderpumpe 10 mit der Hochdruckpumpe 18 ist eine Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 34 vorgesehen, durch die der Druchfluß von Kraftstoff zur Hochdruckpumpe 18 eingestellt wird. Die Zumeßeinrichtung 34 weist ein elektrisch betätigtes Regelventil auf, das durch einen Aktor 36 beispielsweise in Form eines Elektromagneten oder eines Piezoaktors geschaltet wird. Der Aktor 36 wird durch eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung 38 angesteuert. Am Speicher 24 ist ein Drucksensor 40 angeordnet, der mit der Steuereinrichtung 38 verbunden ist. Durch die Steuereinrichtung 38 wird der Aktor 36 derart angesteuert, daß die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 34 einen Durchfluß von Kraftstoff zur Hochdruckpumpe 18 einstellt, der erforderlich ist, um mit dem von der Hochdruckpumpe 18 geförderten Kraftstoff im Speicher 24 einen vorgegebenen Druck aufrechtzuerhalten.In the connection 16 of the feed pump 10 with the high-pressure pump 18, a fuel metering device 34 is provided, through which the Druchfluß of fuel to the high-pressure pump 18 is set. The metering device 34 has an electrically operated control valve, which is switched by an actuator 36, for example in the form of an electromagnet or a piezoelectric actuator. The actuator 36 is controlled by an electronic control device 38. At the memory 24, a pressure sensor 40 is arranged, which is connected to the control device 38. By the control device 38, the actuator 36 is driven such that the fuel metering device 34 adjusts a flow of fuel to the high-pressure pump 18, which is required to maintain a predetermined pressure with the fuel delivered by the high pressure pump 18 in the reservoir 24.

Von der Verbindung 16 der Förderpumpe 10 mit der Hochdruckpumpe 18 kann stromaufwärts vor der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 34 eine zum Antrieb 17 der Hochdruckpumpe 18 führende Verbindung 48 vorgesehen sein, durch die ein Teil des von der Förderpumpe 10 geförderten Kraftstoffs dem Antrieb 17 zu dessen Schmierung zugeführt wird. In der Verbindung 48 ist vorzugsweise ein zum Antrieb 17 hin öffnendes Druckventil 50 angeordnet, das erst bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Druckes die Verbindung 48 freigibt. Durch das Druckventil 52 ist sichergestellt, daß insbesondere beim Starten der Brennkraftmaschine, wenn ein hoher Druck im Speicher 24 erforderlich ist und dieser erst noch befüllt werden muß, die gesamte von der Förderpumpe 10 geförderte Kraftstoffmenge der Hochdruckpumpe 18 zugeführt wird und kein Kraftstoff zur Schmierung des Antriebs 17 abgezweigt wird. Stromabwärts nach dem Druckventil 50 ist vorzugsweise eine Drosselstelle 52 vorgesehen, durch die der Durchfluß in der Verbindung 48 begrenzt wird. Stromabwärts nach dem Druckventil 50 und der Drosselstelle 52 kann von der Verbindung 48 eine Rückleitung 54 abzweigen, die stromaufwärts vor dem Druckventil 50 in die Verbindung 16 mündet und in der eine Drosselstelle 56 vorgesehen sein kann. Alternativ kann die Rückleitung 54 auch in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 münden. In Figur 2 ist eine abweichende Ausführung der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung dargestellt, bei der die Verbindung 48 nicht zum Antriebsbereich 17 der Hochdruckpumpe 18 führt sondern zu einer Rückleitung 80 in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12. Bei dieser Ausführung erfolgt eine Schmierung des Antriebs 17 der Hochdruckpumpe 18 auf andere Weise, beispielsweise indem der Antrieb 17 mit einem Schmierölkreislauf der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden ist. Bei einer Mündung der Rückleitung 54 bzw. 80 in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 wird ein ausgeglichener Temperaturhaushalt mit geringen Temperaturunterschieden zwischen dem Kraftstoff im Vorratsbehälter 12 und dem im Kreislauf befindlichen Kraftstoff erreicht.From the connection 16 of the feed pump 10 with the high-pressure pump 18 upstream of the fuel metering 34 may be provided to the drive 17 of the high-pressure pump 18 leading connection 48 through which a portion of the funded from the feed pump 10 fuel is supplied to the drive 17 for its lubrication. In the connection 48, a pressure valve 50 which opens toward the drive 17 is preferably arranged, which releases the connection 48 only when a predetermined pressure is exceeded. By the pressure valve 52 ensures that, in particular when starting the engine when a high pressure in the memory 24 is required and this still has to be filled, the entire funded by the pump 10 fuel quantity of the high pressure pump 18 is supplied and no fuel for lubrication Drive 17 is branched off. Downstream of the pressure valve 50 is preferably a throttle point 52 is provided, through which the flow in the connection 48 is limited. Downstream of the pressure valve 50 and the throttle point 52 can branch off from the connection 48, a return line 54 which opens upstream of the pressure valve 50 in the connection 16 and in which a throttle point 56 may be provided. Alternatively, the return line 54 also open into the fuel tank 12. In Figure 2, a different embodiment of the fuel injection device is shown in which the connection 48 is not for Drive portion 17 of the high-pressure pump 18 leads but to a return line 80 in the fuel tank 12. In this embodiment, a lubrication of the drive 17 of the high pressure pump 18 takes place in other ways, for example by the drive 17 is connected to a lubricating oil circuit of the internal combustion engine. At a mouth of the return line 54 or 80 in the fuel tank 12 a balanced temperature balance with low temperature differences between the fuel in the reservoir 12 and the fuel in circulation is achieved.

Von den Injektoren 26 führt ein Rücklauf 60 über eine Leitung ab, über den nicht eingespritzter Kraftstoff abgeleitet wird. Der Rücklauf 60 von den Injektoren 26 wird jedoch nicht in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 geleitet sondern mündet in die Verbindung 16 zwischen der Förderpumpe 10 und der Hochdruckpumpe 18. Der Rücklauf 60 mündet in die Verbindung 16 stromaufwärts vor der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 34 und vor der Verbindung 48. Im Rücklauf 60 ist ein weiteres Kraftstoffilter 62 und stromabwärts nach diesem ein Rückschlagventil 64 angeordnet, das zur Mündung des Rücklaufs 60 in die Verbindung 16 hin öffnet. Das Rückschlagventil 64 weist ein durch eine Feder 66 in Schließrichtung belastetes Ventilglied 68 auf und öffnet somit erst wenn die durch den Druck im Rücklauf 60 auf das Ventilglied 68 bewirkte Kraft die Kraft der Schließfeder 66 überschreitet. Durch das Rückschlagventil 64 wird verhindert, daß bei höherem Druck in der Verbindung 16 als im Rücklauf 60 von der Förderpumpe 10 geförderter Kraftstoff in den Rücklauf 60 gelangt. Durch das Rückschlagventil 64 kann außerdem ein vorgegebener Druck im Rücklauf 60 aufrechterhalten werden.From the injectors 26 performs a return 60 via a line, is discharged via the uninsulated fuel. However, the return 60 from the injectors 26 is not directed into the fuel tank 12 but opens into the connection 16 between the feed pump 10 and the high pressure pump 18. The return 60 opens into the connection 16 upstream of the fuel meter 34 and before the connection 48 Return 60 is a further fuel filter 62 and downstream of this a check valve 64 is arranged, which opens to the mouth of the return line 60 in the connection 16 out. The check valve 64 has a valve element 68 loaded by a spring 66 in the closing direction and thus opens only when the force caused by the pressure in the return line 60 on the valve element 68 exceeds the force of the closing spring 66. By the check valve 64 prevents at higher pressure in the connection 16 as in the return 60 funded by the pump 10 fuel in the return 60 passes. By the check valve 64 also a predetermined pressure in the return 60 can be maintained.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß am Speicher 24 ein Druckbegrenzungsventil 70 angeordnet ist, das bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Druckes im Speicher 24 öffnet und einen Ablauf 72 aus dem Speicher 24 freigibt, der in den Rücklauf 60 stromaufwärts vor dem weiteren Kraftstoffilter 62 mündet. Es kann außerdem vorgesehen sein, daß auch von der Druckübersetzungseinrichtung 32 ein Ablauf 74 abführt, beispielsweise für infolge einer Leckage an der Druckübersetzungseinrichtung 32 austretenden Kraftstoff oder einer zur Steuerung der Druckübersetzungseinrichtung 32 erforderlichen Kraftstoffmenge, wobei der Ablauf 74 ebenfalls in den Rücklauf 60 stromaufwärts vor dem weiteren Kraftstoffilter 62 mündet.It can be provided that the memory 24, a pressure relief valve 70 is arranged, the at Exceeding a predetermined pressure in the memory 24 opens and a drain 72 releases from the memory 24, which opens into the return 60 upstream of the further fuel filter 62. It may also be provided that also discharges from the pressure booster 32, a drain 74, for example, due to a leakage at the pressure booster 32 exiting fuel or a required to control the pressure booster 32 fuel amount, the drain 74 also in the return 60 upstream of the further fuel filter 62 opens.

Das weitere Kraftstoffilter 62 im Rücklauf 60 ist als Feinfilter ausgebildet, wobei der durch den Rücklauf 60 strömende Kraftstoff nur geringe Verunreinigungen aus der Hochdruckpumpe 18, dem Speicher 24, der Druckübersetzungseinrichtung 32, den Injektoren 26 oder den zwischen diesen vorhandenen Verbindungen enthält. Die Ausbildung und das Wartungsintervall des weiteren Kraftstoffilters 62 kann daher entsprechend diesen Bedingungen und unabhängig vom Kraftstoffilter 20 gewählt werden. Das weitere Kraftstoffilter 62 im Rücklauf kann insbesondere auch entsprechend der relativ hohen Temperatur des rückströmenden Kraftstoffs geeignet ausgebildet werden. Durch das Volumen des weiteren Kraftstoffilters 62 im Rücklauf können darüberhinaus Druckschwingungen und Druckstöße gedämpft werden, die bei Beendigung der Kraftstoffeinspritzung an den Injektoren 26 verursacht werden. Hierdurch wird eine nachteilige Beeinflußung der Einstellung des Durchflußes zur Hochdruckpumpe 18 durch die Zumeßeinrichtung 34 vermieden. Das weitere Kraftstoffilter 62 kann außerdem als Kraftstoffkühler dienen oder es kann im Rücklauf 60 ein separater Kraftstoffkühler vorgesehen sein, um die Temperatur des rückgeführten Kraftstoffs zu senken.The further fuel filter 62 in the return 60 is formed as a fine filter, wherein the fuel flowing through the return 60 contains only small impurities from the high pressure pump 18, the memory 24, the pressure booster 32, the injectors 26 or the existing between these compounds. The design and the maintenance interval of the further fuel filter 62 can therefore be selected according to these conditions and independently of the fuel filter 20. The further fuel filter 62 in the return can in particular also be suitably designed in accordance with the relatively high temperature of the flowing-back fuel. Due to the volume of the further fuel filter 62 in the return pressure vibrations and pressure surges can be attenuated, which are caused at the completion of the fuel injection to the injectors 26 beyond. As a result, a disadvantageous influence on the setting of the flow to the high-pressure pump 18 by the metering device 34 is avoided. The further fuel filter 62 may also serve as a fuel cooler or it may be provided in the return 60, a separate fuel cooler to lower the temperature of the returned fuel.

Claims (5)

  1. Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine having a delivery pump (10), by way of which fuel is conveyed from a fuel reservoir (12) to a high-pressure pump (18), fuel being conveyed by the high-pressure pump (18) into an accumulator (24), to which at least one injector (26) is connected, through which injector (26) fuel is injected at the internal combustion engine, having a fuel filter (20) which is arranged between the delivery pump (10) and the high-pressure pump (18), a return line (60) being provided for fuel from at least one injector (26) and/or from the accumulator (24) to a low-pressure region, characterized in that a further fuel filter (62) is arranged in the return line (60), and in that the return line (60) opens downstream of the fuel filter (20) into the connection (16) between the delivery pump (10) and the high-pressure pump (18).
  2. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that a non-return valve (64) which opens towards the opening of the return line (60) into the connection (16) is arranged in the return line (60).
  3. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a fuel metering device (34) is arranged in the connection (16) of the delivery pump (10) to the high-pressure pump (18), by way of which fuel metering device (34) the throughflow of fuel from the delivery pump (10) to the high-pressure pump (18) is set in such a way that a predefined pressure is generated in the accumulator (24) by the high-pressure pump (18), and in that the return line (60) opens into the connection (16) upstream of the fuel metering device (34).
  4. Fuel injection device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a pressure intensifier device (32) is provided between the accumulator (24) and the at least one injector (26), by way of which pressure intensifier device (32) the pressure which prevails in the accumulator (24) is increased, and in that the pressure intensifier device (32) has an outlet (74) which opens into the return line (60) upstream of the further fuel filter (62).
  5. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fuel cooler is arranged in the return line (60), the further fuel filter (62) preferably serving as the said fuel cooler.
EP02804534A 2002-02-08 2002-12-05 Fuel injection device for a combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1476654B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10205186A DE10205186A1 (en) 2002-02-08 2002-02-08 Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
DE10205186 2002-02-08
PCT/DE2002/004456 WO2003067072A1 (en) 2002-02-08 2002-12-05 Fuel injection device for a combustion engine

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EP1476654A1 EP1476654A1 (en) 2004-11-17
EP1476654B1 true EP1476654B1 (en) 2007-12-19

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EP (1) EP1476654B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005517120A (en)
KR (1) KR100941534B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100335774C (en)
AT (1) ATE381669T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0208724B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10205186A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003067072A1 (en)

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CN1498308A (en) 2004-05-19
WO2003067072A1 (en) 2003-08-14
US7044110B2 (en) 2006-05-16
JP2005517120A (en) 2005-06-09
KR20040080328A (en) 2004-09-18
BR0208724B1 (en) 2011-06-28
ATE381669T1 (en) 2008-01-15
DE10205186A1 (en) 2003-08-21
DE50211417D1 (en) 2008-01-31
KR100941534B1 (en) 2010-02-10
EP1476654A1 (en) 2004-11-17
CN100335774C (en) 2007-09-05
WO2003067072A9 (en) 2004-06-10
US20040103883A1 (en) 2004-06-03
BR0208724A (en) 2004-07-20

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