Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
  • A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
  • A61K31/404—Indoles, e.g. pindolol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
  • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
  • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/24—Antidepressants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
  • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
  • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
  • C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D513/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a group of novel tetrahydropyridin-4-yl indoles with a dual mode of action: serotonin reuptake inhibition and affinity for dopamine-D 2 receptors, to methods for the preparation of these compounds and to novel intermediates useful for the synthesis of said tetrahydropyridin-4-yl indoles.
• the invention also relates to the use of a compound disclosed herein for the manufacture of a medicament giving a beneficial effect. A beneficial effect is disclosed herein or apparent to a person skilled in the art from the specification and general knowledge in the art.
• the invention also relates to the use of a compound of t he invention for the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing a disease or condition.
• the invention relates to a new use for the treatment of a disease or condition disclosed herein or apparent to a person skilled in the art from the specification and general knowledge in the art.
• specific compounds disclosed herein are used for the manufacture of a medicament useful in the treatment of disorders in which dopamine -D 2 receptors and serotonin reuptake sites are involved, or that can be treated via manipulation of those targets.
• Tetrahydropyridin-4-yl indole derivatives with a dual action as dopamine -D 2 antagonists and serotonin reuptake inhibitors are known from WO 00/023441 and WO 00/069424, and a promising clinical candidate disclosed in these patent applications was further described by Van Hes et al. (Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 13(3), 405-408, 2003).
• dopamine -D 4 antagonist and serotonin reuptake inhibitor S-(+)-3- ⁇ 1 -[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]- 3,6dihydro-2H-pyridin-4-yl ⁇ -6-chloro-1 H-indole.
• dopamine -D 2 affinity c.q. activity was disclosed.
• the goal of the present invention was to provide further compounds with a dual action as dopamine-D 2 antagonists and serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
• potent dopamine-D 2 antagonistic activity combined with potent serotonin reuptake inhibitory activity was found in a group of novel 1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridin- 4-yl indoles of the formula (I)
• R 1 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl (Ci -3 ) or alkoxy(Ci -3 ), CN or CF 3 ,
• R 2 is hydrogen or alkyl (Ci -3 ),
• R 3 is hydrogen or alkyl (Ci -3 ),
• - Z is hydrogen or alkyl (Ci -3 ), alkoxy(Ci -3 ) or alkylthio(Ci -3 ),
• - A is hydrogen or alkyl (Ci -3 ), or
• - A and Z together form a saturated or (partly) unsaturated 5- or 6- membered ring which may be substituted with halogen, alkyl (Ci -3 ) or phenyl, in which ring Z represents carbon, sulfur of nitrogen .
• al kyl(Ci -3 ) means methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl .
• Prodrugs of the compounds mentioned above are in the scope of the present invention.
• Prodrugs are therapeutic agents which are inactive per se but are transformed into one or more active metabolites.
• Prodrugs are bioreversible derivatives of drug molecules used to overcome some barriers to the utility of the parent drug molecule. These barriers include, but are not limited to, solubility, permeability, stability, presystemic metabolism and targeting limitations (Medicinal Chemistry: Principles and Practice, 1994, ISBN 0-85186-494-5, Ed.: F. D. King, p.
• Pro-drugs i.e. compounds which when administered to humans by any known route, are metabolised to compounds having formula (1), belong to the invention. In particular this relates to compounds with primary or secondary amino or hydroxy groups.
• Such compounds can be reacted with organic acids to yield compounds having formula (1) wherein an additional group is present which is easily removed after administration, for instance, but not limited to amidine, enamine, a Mannich base, a hydroxyl -methylene derivative, an O-(acyloxymethylene carbamate) derivative, carbamate, ester, amide or enaminone.
• an additional group is present which is easily removed after administration, for instance, but not limited to amidine, enamine, a Mannich base, a hydroxyl -methylene derivative, an O-(acyloxymethylene carbamate) derivative, carbamate, ester, amide or enaminone.
• N-oxides of the compounds mentioned above are in the scope of the present invention.
• Tertiary amines may or may not give rise to N -oxide metabolites. The extend to what N -oxidation takes place varies from trace amounts to a near quantitative conversion.
• N-oxides may be more active than their corresponding tertiary amines or less active. Whilst N-oxides are easily reduced to their corresponding tertiary amines by chemical means, in the human body this happens to varying degrees. Some N-oxides undergo nearly quantitative reductive conversion to the corresponding tertiary amines, in other cases the conversion is a mere t race reaction or even completely absent. (M. H. Bickel: " The pharmacology and Biochemistry of N-oxides", Pharmacological Reviews, £(4), 325 - 355, 1969).
• Preferred compounds of the invention are compounds having formu Ia (I) wherein R 1 is hydrogen or halogen, R 2 is hydrogen, R 3 is CH 3 , Z is SCH 3 and A is CH 3 , or Z+A from a (partly) unsaturated 6-membered ring which may be substituted with CH 3 , C 2 H 5 or i-C 3 H 7 .
• the compounds according to the invention show high affinity for both the dopamine D 2 receptor and the serotonin reuptake site. This combinat ion is useful for the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders which enables a more complete treatment of all disease symptoms (e.g. positive symptoms and negative symptoms).
• Some of the compounds having formula (I) show partial agonist activity at dopamine receptors making them particularly suitable for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
• the compounds show activity as antagonists at dopamine D 2 receptors as they potentially antagonize apomorphine -induced climbing behaviour in mice.
• the compounds also show activity as inhibitors of serotonin reuptake, as they potentiate 5 - HTP induced behaviour in mice.
• the compounds are active in therapeutic models sensitive to clinically relevant antipsychotics (e.g. the conditioned avoidance response; Van der Heyden & Bradford, Behav. Brain Res., 1988, 31:61 -67) and antidepressants or anxiolytics (e.g. suppression of stress -induced vocalization; van der Poel et al., Psycho-pharmacology, 1989, 97: 147-148).
• clinically relevant antipsychotics e.g. the conditioned avoidance response; Van der Heyden & Bradford, Behav. Brain Res., 1988, 31:61 -67
• antidepressants or anxiolytics e.g. suppression of stress -induced vocalization; van der Poel et al., Psycho-pharmacology, 1989, 97: 147-148.
• the described compounds In contrast to clinically relevant dopamine D 2 receptor antagonists the described compounds have a low propensity to induce catalepsy in rodents and as such are likely to induce less extrapyramidal side effects than existing antipsychotic agents.
• the inhibitory activity of serotonin reuptake inherent in these compounds may be responsible for the therapeutic effects observed in behavioural models sensitive to either antidepressants or anxiolytics.
• the compounds can be used for the treatment of affections or diseases of the central nervous system caused by disturbances in either the dopaminergic or serotonergic systems, for example: aggression, anxiety disorders, autism, vertigo, depression, disturbances of cognition or memory, Parkinson's disease, and in particular schizophrenia and other psychotic di sorders.
• the compounds having formula (I) can be prepared by reaction of a compound of the formula
• an d L is a so-called leaving group, for example halogen or mesyl group.
• This reaction is preferably carried out in an organic solvent such as acetonitrile in the precence of triethylamine or K 2 CO 3 and Kl at reflux temperature.
• the starting compounds for this synthesis of the formula (II) can be obtained in a manner known per se by reacting an optionally substituted indole derivative with 4 - piperidone.
• the staring compounds having formula (III) can be obtained according to methods known for the synthesis of analogous compounds.
• the compounds of the invention can be brought into forms suitable for administration by means of usual processes using auxiliary substances such as liquid or solid carrier material.
• the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may be administered enterally, orally, parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously), rectally or locally (topically). They can be administered in the form of solutions, powders, tablets, capsules (including microcapsules), ointments (creams or gel) or suppositories.
• Suitable excipients for such formulations are the pharmaceutically customary liquid or solid fillers and extenders , solvents, emulsifiers, lubricants, flavorings, colorings and/or buffer substances.
• auxiliary substances which may be mentioned are magnesium carbonate, titanium dioxide, lactose, mannitol and other sugars, talc, lactoprotein, gelatin, starch, cellulose and its derivatives, animal and vegetable oils such as fish liver oil, sunflower, groundnut or sesame oil, polyethylene glycol and solvents such as, for example, sterile water and mono- or polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol.
• Compounds of the present invention are generally administered as pharmaceutical compositions which are important and novel embodiments of the invention because of the presence of the compounds, more particularly specific compounds disclosed herein.
• Types of pharmaceuti cal compositions that may be used include but are not limited to tablets, chewable tablets, capsules, solutions, parenteral solutions, suppositories, suspensions, and other types disclosed herein or apparent to a person skilled in the art from the specification and general knowledge in the art.
• a pharmaceutical pack or kit is provided comprising one or more containers filled with one or more of the ingredients of a pharmaceutical composition of the invention.
• Associated with such container(s) can be various written materials such as instructions for use, or a notice in the form prescribed by a governmental agency regulating the manufacture, use or sale of pharmaceuticals products, which notice reflects approval by the agency of manufacture, use, or sale for human or veterinary administration.
• PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS
• Affinity of the compounds for dopamine-D 2 receptor s was determined using the receptor binding assay described by I. Creese, R. Schneider and S. H. Snyder: "[ 3 H]- Spiroperidol labels dopamine receptors in rat pituitary and brain", Eur.J. Pharmacol., 46, 377 - 381 , 1977.
• Affinity of the compounds for serotonin reuptake sites was determined using the receptor binding assay described by E. Habert et a/.,: "Characterisation of [ 3 H]- paroxetine binding to rat cortical membranes", Eur.J. Pharmacol., 118, 107 - 114, 1985.
• the affinity of the compounds of the invention for dopamine-D 2 receptors and serotonine reuptake sites was determined as described above. From the binding affinity measured for a given compound of formula (1), one can estimate a theoretical lowest effective dose. At a concentration of the compound equal to twice the measured K r value, 100% of the receptors likely will be occupied by the compound. Converting that concentration to mg of compound per kg of patient yields a theoretical lowest effective dose, assuming ideal bioavailability. Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and other considerations may alter the dose actually administered to a higher or lower value.
• the dosage expediently administered is 0.001 - 1000 mg/kg, preferably 0.1 -100 mg/kg of patient's bodyweight.
• treatment refers to any treatment of a mammalian, preferably human condition or disease, and includes: (1) preventing the disease or condition from occurring in a subject which may be predisposed to the disease but has not yet been diagnosed as having it, (2) inhibiting the disease or condition, i.e., arresting its development, (3) relieving the disease or condition, i.e., causing regression of the condition, or (4) relieving the conditions caused by the disease, i.e., stopping the symptoms of the disease.
• Dopamine-D 2 and serotonin reuptake receptor affinity data obtained according to the protocols given above are shown in the table below.

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• 2005
  • 2005-12-06 CA CA002587936A patent/CA2587936A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-12-06 AU AU2005313387A patent/AU2005313387A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-12-06 WO PCT/EP2005/056501 patent/WO2006061373A2/en active Application Filing
  • 2005-12-06 TW TW094142934A patent/TW200626575A/zh unknown
  • 2005-12-06 BR BRPI0518465-7A patent/BRPI0518465A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-12-06 RU RU2007125692/04A patent/RU2007125692A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-12-06 CN CNA2005800419599A patent/CN101072770A/zh active Pending
  • 2005-12-06 KR KR1020077015615A patent/KR20070091009A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-12-06 MX MX2007006757A patent/MX2007006757A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2005-12-06 AR ARP050105089A patent/AR052146A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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  • 2005-12-06 JP JP2007544893A patent/JP2008523027A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-12-06 EP EP05817509A patent/EP1828168A2/en not_active Withdrawn
• 2007
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