Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
  • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
  • C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
  • C04B20/1029—Macromolecular compounds
  • C04B20/1033—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
  • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
  • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
  • C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
  • C04B20/107—Acids or salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
  • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
  • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
  • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
  • C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C23F11/141—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
  • C23F11/143—Salts of amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
  • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
  • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
  • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
  • C23F11/167—Phosphorus-containing compounds
  • C23F11/1676—Phosphonic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
  • C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
  • C04B2103/32—Superplasticisers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
  • C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
  • C04B2103/61—Corrosion inhibitors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
  • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
  • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing a coated base material for a hydraulic composition according to the preamble of the first claim.
• the invention further relates to a coated base material for a hydraulic composition, to additives for a hydraulic composition and to a method for producing a hydraulic composition according to the preambles of the further independent claims.
• the material cement is usually obtained from cement clinker.
• the cement clinker the precursor of the cement rotary kiln, ground to cement powder, then mixed with gypsum, which acts as a setting regulator, ver ⁇ mixed, with the final product cement is produced by the mixing process.
• the recovered cement is stored in silos after production.
• the material cement is mixed with aggregates and chemical additives.
• the cement is mixed together with water, rock and other additives in a mostly computer-controlled mechanical stirrer.
• the additives can influence the flow properties, the viscosity, the compression behavior and the setting behavior of the concrete.
• the core of the invention is thus that prior to mixing the hydraulic composition the base material is at least partially coated with an additive, or that the additive is at least partially disposed on a raw material for the production of concrete.
• One of the advantages of the invention is that the properties of the concrete can be substantially improved if at least some of these components are coated before the concrete components are mixed.
• the physical and chemical properties of the particles of the basic material cement can be changed before mixing and the chemical reaction with the other basic substances in the mixing process can be influenced.
• the cement is coated with a concrete plasticizer before being mixed with the other basic substances, the water absorption of the coated cement can be positively influenced in comparison with the untreated cement.
• the coating of the particles can advantageously take place where the material particles are conveyed pneumatically and / or gravimetrically. This means that the coating process does not necessarily have to take place during the production of the concrete.
• the raw materials can therefore already be coated at the place of their production.
• the cement particles can be coated directly at the end of the cement production process.
• substances or additives such as, for example, silica, fly ash, light aggregate, slag, metallurgical sand, fiber materials, e.g. organic such as polypropylene fibers, etc. or inorganic such as basalt, glass, etc. are used. So, for example, silica, fly ash, light aggregate, slag, metallurgical sand, fiber materials, e.g. organic such as polypropylene fibers, etc. or inorganic such as basalt, glass, etc. are used. So, for example, silica, fly ash, light aggregate, slag, metallurgical sand, fiber materials, e.g. organic such as polypropylene fibers, etc. or inorganic such as basalt, glass, etc. are used. So, for example, silica, fly ash, light aggregate, slag, metallurgical sand, fiber materials, e.g. organic such as polypropylene fibers, etc. or inorganic such as basalt,
• the coating of a sub-group of the basic substances it may also be favorable to coat particles of two or more sub-groups by means of at least one additive before mixing. This considerably improves the bond between the coated starting materials and the cement paste. This has positive effects on the Tausalzbe ⁇ resistance and durability of the concrete. In addition, there is a positive influence on the rheology or theological properties of the concrete, resulting in shorter mixing times and better compatibility with the additives.
• the additive is injected into the flow of the raw materials with a nozzle and / or a mixer, a particularly homogeneous and uniform coating of the particles can be achieved.
• the nozzles and / or mixers also ensure that, depending on the dimensions of the nozzles and mixers, a particularly high relative speed between the coating agent and the particles and thus high adsorption of the coating compositions can be set.
• some suitable pneumatic nozzles and / or mechanical mixers are listed below: jet mixer with a laval nozzle, jet mixer with Venturi tube, jet mixer with propeller mixer, jet pump and various vortex mixers.
• the mechanical mixers would include, for example, the rotary mixer with screw and the drum mixer.
• the additive can be injected either in the flow direction and / or against the flow direction of the raw materials. If, for example, the angle of the injection is varied, the collision and relative speed of the coating material and of the particles to be coated can thereby be adjusted. It is favorable if the additive is added at least partly in liquid form.
• the liquid additive can be previously atomized (aerosol) and / or droplets (drops) and / or vaporized (steam). Due to the different consistency, the coating thickness can be adjusted.
• the liquid admixture can be mixed with a solvent, preferably water, fed, wherein the solvent vaporizes ver ⁇ after the supply.
• the energy for evaporation can be removed from the cement or made available by other means.
• the injection and atomization of additives with the aid of air is particularly favorable when the cement is conveyed into a pneumatic transport line in the mechanical mixer. If the injection of the liquid additive into the cocurrent, as in so-called jet scrubbers, which are used for cleaning dust laden exhaust air, one can take advantage of both the tine ⁇ tion effect of cement particles at additive droplets and the Ab ⁇ separating effect.
• the transport air for the cement can be adjusted in terms of temperature and humidity controlled. It then suffice temperatures in the range of some 10 degrees Celsius to evaporate the solvent of the additive.
• the temperature of the transport air of the cement particles should be sufficiently high to the latent heat of vaporization and possibly additionally existing solution heat of the liquid additive, without the transport air is then saturated saturated and tends to (water) steam condensation.
• the relative humidity of the transport air of the cement particles should be sufficiently deep or conditioned such that after absorption of the vaporized solvent, in particular water, in the mixing device or transport line downwards, there are no local supersaturations such as, for example comes to steam condensation.
• the heat for evaporation of the solvent, in particular water, can be removed from the cement, since it has a sufficiently high excess temperature or sensible heat.
• the liquid additive may also be added directly in molten form, e.g. the melt to be added to the substance to be coated in a mixer and the substance is coated by the mixing process, or e.g. the substance to be coated is passed through the melt and solidifies after removal from the melt.
• the layer thickness of the applied additive can be adjusted. This application method is particularly advantageous for fibers which can be drawn through the melt, wherein the fibers can be further processed after the additive has solidified.
• the additive can also be added at least partially in powder form. This allows the addition of additives that can not be added in liquid form.
• a turbulent flow of the basic substances and / or the injected additive should be generated.
• additives for example, concrete plasticizers, flow agents, (reaction) retarders, accelerators, such as solidification and hardening accelerators, stabilizers, air entraining agents and / or sealants can be used, which influence the chemical and / or physical properties during the reaction of the components to the concrete.
• any base material that is used for further production to concrete can be used.
• the coating process is not locally or temporally bound to the concrete production process, so that a coating can also take place at the place of manufacture or at the time of preparation of the raw materials.
• pneumatic nozzles and / or mechanical mixers which are built into the conveying lines or deposits of the basic materials, can make a corresponding coating of the raw materials possible.
• FIG. 1 Known concrete mixing process in the concrete plant
• Fig. 2 Schematic representation of the concrete mixing process
• FIG. 3 shows cement particles and molecule of a concrete liquefier before adsorption
• FIG. Fig. 4 Two cement particles with adsorbed concrete liquefier molecules
• Fig. 5 Schematic representation of a variant of the new concrete mixing process
• FIG. 10 section through a fluidized bed mixer with rotary atomizer
• FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of a coating device according to the invention
• FIG. 12A shows a schematic representation of a further inventive apparatus
• FIG. 12B shows the further coating device according to the invention
• FIG. Fig. 13A comparison of the strengths in a coating at 25 0 C with the apparatus of Fig. 11;
• FIG. 1 shows the known concrete mixing process in concrete production, as it usually takes place in the concrete plant 1.
• this consists of four funnel-shaped containers 3, each of which in the lower opening area a conveyor belt 9 for transporting the rock to the mechanical mixer 8 aufwei ⁇ sen.
• the conveying direction or running direction of the conveyor belts 9 is symbolized by the arrows with the reference numeral 10.
• the rock has a particle size of approximately 0 to 16 millimeters in diameter.
• the rock can be stored, for example, sorted by size in the four containers 3.
• the binder of the concrete, the cement having a particle size in the range of about 1 to 100 microns, is stored in the cement silo 4.
• the cement is also conveyed to the mechanical mixer 8.
• a dosage of the amount of cement takes place in the container scale 6.
• the supply line 7 for water and additives such as concrete plasticizers, flow agents, air-entraining agents, retarders and the like, are mixed in for the mixing process.
• the mechanical mixer 8 which is intended to represent a continuous mixer with a horizontal agitator, the rock, the water, the cement and the admixture are thus mixed into a finished concrete mixture 11.
• the finished concrete 11 is conveyed to transport vehicles 12.
• FIG. 2 the mixing process for the production of concrete is shown again schematically and simplified.
• the four boxes represent the starting components of the concrete, namely the additives 13, the base 14, 16 divided into the subgroups 14, eg sand and / or rock and / or etc. and the subgroup 16, namely the hydrauli
• These binder components are mixed with one another in a mechanical mixing process, in the mixer 8, to form the finished concrete mixture 11.
• the chemical and physical properties of the concrete mixture in this mixing process are mainly influenced by the mixing ratio of the concrete components. According to the invention, it is now possible to change the properties of this starting component and, on the other hand, the properties of the finished concrete mixture 11 by treating one or more concrete precursor components prior to the mixing process.
• FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate the coating of particles at the molecular level.
• FIG. 3 shows in the upper region a cement particle 17 which is approximately 0 to 100 micrometers in size.
• the cement particle 17 has both positive 18 and negative 19 charge carriers, which are symbolized by a "+" (plus sign) as well as a "-" (minus sign).
• 3 shows a molecule of an additive, here a concrete plasticizer, in this example a polycarboxylate molecule.
• the polycarboxylate molecule consists of a main chain with a negative charge surplus and neutral side chains 21. If the concrete plasticizer with its molecules is added to the cement in the mixer 8 before the mixing process, then the cement or its cement particles 17 can be coated superficially.
• FIGS. 5 and 6 each show schematic representations which illustrate the new process for the production of concrete with an integrated coating process.
• the four boxes represent the starting components of the concrete, namely the additives 13, the first base material 14, the second base material 16 and water 15.
• the additive 13 is here a liquid concrete liquefier, spielnger ViscoCrete ® Sika ®.
• the first base material 14 is rock.
• the second basic substance 16, the cement acts as a binder for the concrete.
• As a further liquid component to the concrete liquefier 13 water 15 is additionally mixed.
• FIG. 6 schematically shows a further variant of the new concrete mixing process.
• FIG. 6 shows a particle coating 22 of the first basic substances 14 of the concrete.
• rock is coated.
• additives such as Silikafume, fly ash, duzu ⁇ impact, slag, fiber materials, which are to be supplied to the concrete len, coated before processing the concrete with an additive was ⁇ the.
• FIG. 7 shows a detail of a plant component for cement production 23 and cement silos 4.
• the plant component for cement production 23 is shown, in which the cement powder is ground together with gypsum.
• the finished cement is conveyed with conveyor units 5 to the four cement silos 4 in the right-hand image area, where it is then temporarily stored.
• the conveying of the finished cement takes place, as in FIG. 1, by conveying units 5, for example conveyance of the cement through lines with compressed air.
• two possible locations are marked, where the particle coating 22 of the cement can take place.
• examples of two possible mixer forms, each in a sectional view are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
• the particle coating 22 can also take place in the cement silo 4.
• an example of a suitable mixer is shown in FIG.
• FIG. 8 shows a section through a DC mixer 24.
• the flow direction of the cement particles through the DC mixer 24 is symbolized by the arrow 26.
• the DC mixer 24 here consists of an angled pipe section in which cross-sectional constrictions 25 are introduced in the lower angle piece.
• cross-sectional constriction 25 increases the particle velocity of the cement (continuity equation of the hydraulic rodynamik).
• the concrete liquefier 13 is added to the cement via a nozzle 28.
• optimum turbulence of the cement particles and the particles of the concrete liquefier 13 is achieved.
• the nozzle 28 may be attached at different angles to the flow direction 26 of the cement particles.
• FIG. 9 shows a sectional view through a countercurrent mixer 27.
• the nozzle 28 is aligned against the flow direction 26 of the cement particles.
• the particles of the concrete liquefier 13 collide with the cement particles, whereby a good superficial coating of the cement particles takes place.
• FIG. 10 shows a sectional view of a fluidized-bed mixer 29 with a rotary atomizer in a cement silo 4.
• the cement particles are introduced through the upper opening, and the arrow 26 symbolizes the inflow direction of the cement particles.
• the left arrow 13 symbolizes the supply of Raj ⁇ means, for example, a concrete liquefier.
• the cement particles fall onto a product distributor cone and are thereby radially distributed and then fall down under gravity. In this case, the cement particles are sprayed by liquid droplets which are produced in a rotary atomizer.
• organic or inorganic fibers with additives in particular of mineral fibers
• this coating is carried out by converting the additive into a liquid phase, drawing the fiber through this liquid phase, or applying the liquid phase to the fibers by rolling, whereby the additive is applied to the fiber.
• the liquid phase can be produced by adding solvents, in particular water, or by melting the additive.
• solvents in particular water
• the fiber used must have the appropriate physical properties Characteristics show that it is not destroyed during the coating process, eg that it does not melt.
• Particularly advantageous mineral fibers especially Ba ⁇ saltturan have proven.
• a hydraulic composition e.g. the shrinkage, the strength, the behavior under heat, etc. are influenced.
• Basalt fibers such as those obtained from Basaltex, Belgium, should be coated with a plasticizer.
• the basalt fibers used had a mean diameter of 12 to 15 .mu.m, as a high-performance concrete condenser, the product ViscoCrete ® Sika ® was used.
• the liquefier was added to a heated bath immediately after production in liquid form, or alternatively it can be melted in the bath. Thereafter, the basalt fibers were drawn through the melt in the tub, the condenser coated fibers then cooled in air and the coated fiber then fed to a cutting work, where the fibers were cut to a length of 6 mm, 12 mm or 25 mm.
• the cooling of the coating can also be carried out differently, for example by means of a cooling chamber, as a result of which the cooling time is greatly shortened.
• the cut fibers were added to a conventional concrete mix with Portland cement, resulting in a liquefied concrete resulting from the solution of the liquefier from the fiber surface, which could be processed very well.
• the coated fibers distributed very homogeneously in the concrete mix without forming fiber bundles.
• High performance concrete plasticizers and flow agents such as the product ViscoCrete ® may consist of polycarboxylates.
• Polycarboxylates are comb polymers which consist of a main chain to which carboxylic acid groups are bonded as free acids or in the form of their salts, and side chains of polyalkylene oxide.
• Such polycarboxylates are known per se, for example from EP 1 136 508 A1, EP 1 138 696 A1 and EP 1 138 697 A1 of the Applicant. The disclosure of these polycarboxylates is included below.
• polyalkylene oxide or polyalkylene glycol side chains can be bound to the main chain via ester bond, amide bond or ether bond.
• further functional or non-functional groups may be bonded to the main chain.
• Such comb polymers can be prepared, for example, by copolymerization of unsaturated mono- or di-carboxylic acids with unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, unsaturated carboxylic acid amides, allyl ethers or vinyl ethers.
• the carboxylic acids in the finished comb polymer can be present in the form of their free acid or completely or partially in the form of their salts.
• the comb polymers can also be prepared by polymer-analogous reactions. In this case, a polymer which contains latent or free carboxyl groups is reacted with one or more compounds which contain amine or hydroxyl functions under conditions which lead to partial amidation or esterification of the carboxyl groups.
• the polyalkylene glycol of the side chain is based on polymerized epoxide-containing compounds, such as, for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1-butoxide, phenylethylene oxide, etc.
• the polyether side chain thus preferably consists of polyethylene oxide or polypropylene oxide or a mixed copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and has free end, a hydroxyl group, a primary amino group or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which is linear, branched or cyclic, preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• These polycarboxylates have a molecular weight of 5 to 200 1 OOO OOO 1, vorzugt 8 1 OOO OOO 1 to 100, more preferably a molecular weight of 10 to 80 1 OOO OOO 1.
• the Cabonklaresalze can alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts or salts of other di- or trivalent metal ions, Ammoniu ⁇ ions, organic ammonium groups or mixtures.
• the polycarboxylate according to the invention consists of four structural units (a, b, c and d) and has the structural formula A.
• M hydrogen, alkali metal ion, alkaline earth metal ion, di- or trivalent metal ion, ammonium ion, organic ammonium group or mixtures thereof
• R each R independently of the other hydrogen or methyl
• R4 Ci to C 2 o alkyl, cyclohexyl, or alkylaryl
• R 3 -NH 2 , -NR 5 R 6 , -OR 7 NR 8 R 9 , wherein R 5 and R 6 are independently a C 1 to C 2 o is alkyl, cycloalkyl-I or alkylaryl or aryl group or is a hydroxyalky
• R 5 and R 6 together form a ring of the the nitrogen is a part, to build a morpholine or imidazoline ring, wherein R 7 is a C2-C4 alkylene group and R 8 and R 9 independently of one another Ci to C 2 o alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylaryl or aryl group or a hydroxyalkyl group such as hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl or hydroxybutyl group
• a / b / c / d (0.1 - 0.9) / (0.1 - 0.9) / (0 - 0.8) / (0 - 0.3), preferably (0.1 - 0.9) / (0.1 - 0.9) / (0 - 0.5) / (0 - 0.1), more preferably (0.1 - 0.9) / (0.1 - 0.9) / (0 - 0.3) / (0 - 0.06), even more preferably (0.2 - 0.8) / (0.199 - 0.799) / (0.001 - 0.09) / (0 -
• the sequence of building blocks a, b, c, d can be block-wise, alternating or random.
• Polycarboxylates according to the formula A can be imagined as constituted by a main chain of polymerized units of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid or a mixed copolymer thereof.
• the polyalkylanoxide side chains are linked to this backbone via ester or amide groups.
• further groups may be bound to the main chain of the polycarboxylates via ester or amide bond, for example alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, aromatics, substituted aromatics, hydroxyalkyl groups, dialkylaminoalkyl groups or heterocyclic rings in which the N of the amide group is a constituent, such as, for example, morpholine or imidazole.
• groups R 3 which are bonded to the main chain via their N as amides are amine radicals which have one or two, independently of one another, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radicals of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, such as, for example, methyl, ethyl , Propyl, iso-propyl, butyl, iso-butyl or cyclohexyl radicals.
• amine radicals with hydroxyalkyl groups such as ethanolamine or diethanolamine.
• groups R 3 which are bound to the main chain via their O as esters are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radicals of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, -butyl , iso-butyl or cyclohexyl radicals.
• aminoalcohol radicals such as methyldiethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, triethanolamine, dibutylamino ethanol, diisopropanolamine, diethylaminoethanol, dimethylaminoethanol.
• FIG. 11 shows a further DC mixer 24.
• the flow direction of the cement particles through the DC mixer 24 is symbolized by the arrow 26.
• the material to be coated is introduced into a funnel 30 and retained by a slider 31 in the hopper.
• an angled piece of pipe is arranged with a nozzle 32, via which compressed air can be blown into the pipe piece.
• a Prandtl nozzle 33 with compressed air nozzle 34 and intake pipe 35 is arranged.
• the intake pipe protrudes into a container 36 with the coating material, here concrete liquefier 13, which is to be admixed with the material to be coated.
• Compressed air is injected into the pipe via the nozzle 34 and a negative pressure is generated in the intake pipe 35, whereby liquefier 13 is sucked in and atomized.
• the nozzles 32, 33 can be attached at different angles to the flow direction 26 of the cement particles.
• the material to be coated here cement
• the funnel After the material to be coated, here cement, is filled into the funnel, compressed air is injected into the tube via the nozzles 32 and 34. Then, the slider 31 is opened and the cement is blown through the pipe and coated by the atomized condenser 13. Subsequently, the coated cement is introduced into a collecting vessel 37 (not shown in more detail).
• a collecting vessel 37 (not shown in more detail).
• the device shown here does not have to have tubes, but can also be used in channels with other cross sections, in particular with rectangular cross sections.
• Such transport channels with rectangular cross sections are used, for example, in cement production, and air conveyor channels and "air-slides” or “fluid-slides” are designated, the transport being carried out pneumatically and gravimetrically.
• the coating of the cement can then take place directly in such channels. This is particularly advantageous if the coating takes place directly before the loading of a means of transport such as a truck. This makes it possible to fill each means of transport with individually coated material.
• FIGS. 12A and 12B show a further coating device 40 according to the invention.
• the flow direction of the material to be coated, in particular cement particles, through the coating device 40 is symbolized by the arrows.
• the material to be coated is passed via a supply line 41 to an expansion funnel 42, from where it falls annularly in free fall into a collecting funnel.
• the admixture is applied to the material to be coated by means of nozzles, in particular, preintls 33.
• the nozzles are advantageously arranged outside, but can also be arranged inside or nozzles can be arranged in and out.
• the nozzles 33 can be arranged at different angles to the direction of fall of the particles to be coated.
• the coating can be adjusted depending on the material to be coated.
• the Prandtl nozzle 33 is not shown in detail, but the function is analogous to FIG. 11.
• the widening of the flow of the particles to be coated with the expansion funnel and the arrangement of the nozzles 33 produce a uniform coating of the particles.
• the collecting funnel 43 can consist of a plurality of funnels which are stacked in one another, as a result of which the coated material is jumbled and the quality of the coating is improved. Since Ansch left to the collection hopper 43, the coated material can be transported directly into a transport container, eg on a truck, or as dar ⁇ put on a conveyor.
• the conveying device does not have to have tubes, but can advantageously be configured as an air conveying trough, the transport taking place pneumatically and gravimetrically there.
• FIGS. 13 to 16 the spreading mass of Portland cement coated with the apparatus shown in FIG. 11 is shown and compared with conventional addition methods of additives.
• the coating was carried out at 6 bar compressed air and in each case 10 kg of material were coated be ⁇ , the passage time of this material through the device was about 40 seconds.
• the determination of the spreading mass was carried out according to DIN EN 196-1.
• FIG. 15 shows the measurement results of Portland cement coated with a PC-1 polycarboxylate condenser at a dosage of 0.3% based on the binder weight (curve AM) and compared with the results of the direct addition of the polymer (curve PC). 1 ).
• the liquefying effect of the same added amount of plasticizer is better with a coating of the cement particles than with the direct addition.
• the polymers added in front of the cement mill are obviously at least partially destroyed by the grinding process.
• R H-
• R 1 Mixture of CH 3 -PEGI 000- and CH 3 -PEG3000- in molar ratio 50:50
• FIG. 16 shows the measurement results of polymer RMC-1 comprising a further essentially polycarboxylate with a dosage of 0.3% based on the binder weight of coated Portland cement (curve AM) and with the results of the liquid addition of the polymer compared (curve PC-1). Further, the addition of the polymer RMC-1 occurred before the cement mill (curve BM). It was also found here that the liquefying effect of the same added amount of plasticizer is better with a coating of the cement particles than with the direct addition and that significantly worse values result when added before the cement mill.
• the present inventions also corrosion inhibitors can be applied to materials to be coated.
• corrosion inhibitors are known, for example, from EP 0 635 463 A1, EP 0 941 975 A1 and EP 0 957 071 A1.
• the corrosion inhibitors described there can be used according to the above-described to coat materials, in particular cement Ze ⁇ .
• the corrosion inhibitors are advantageously prepared directly during the coating process by there the at least partially expired acid / base reaction takes place between amino compounds and acids. For this purpose, the two substances are injected together, so that a spray is formed in which form the desired salts and compounds.
• the coating takes place, for example, by the devices shown here. As a result, the coating can be greatly improved.
• the corrosion inhibitors can also be added directly, if at all, with a solvent.
• Corrosion inhibitors which are advantageous for the present invention are the products of the at least partially expired acid / base reaction between amino compounds and acids.
• Such corrosion inhibitors may be an amino compound or mixtures of amino compounds, optionally neutralized with one or more acids.
• Suitable amino compounds and / or amino alcohols are primary and / or secondary and / or tertiary amines in which aliphatic and / or aromatic and / or cycloaliphatic radicals are bonded to the nitrogen atom or in which the nitrogen atom of the amino compound forms part of a heterocyclic Structure and wherein in the amino compound of Korrosions ⁇ inhibitor one or more amino groups are present.
• aminoalcohols such as primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic amines, which contain at least one alkanolamine grouping per molecule.
• Amino alcohols are selected from the group comprising the following amines:
• Preferred amino compounds are N, N-dimethylethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine and mono-, di- and triethanolamine.
• Suitable acids for the partial neutralization by means of acid-base reaction are monobasic or polybasic inorganic or organic acids, in particular those acids which themselves have a corrosion-reducing effect and / or possess a concrete-liquefying action.
• Specially suitable acids are those which form compounds or complexes or chelates that are sparingly soluble or insoluble with calcium ions.
• Especially suitable acids are
• adipic acid Tetrahydroxiadipic acid lactic acid tartaric acid citric acid gluconic acid glucoheptonic acid heptonic acid and ascorbic acid.
• Preferred acids are phosphonic acids, benzoic acid, lactic acid, gluconic acid, glucoheptonic acid, oleic acid and caprylic acid.
• concentration of amino compound or hydroxiamino compound is usually in the range of 0.2% by weight to 2% by weight, preferably by about 0.6% by weight, based on the weight of the injection cement. Neither the amines nor their salt-like products with acids impair the stability of the coated materials or their setting behavior resp. the final strength of the hydraulic composition
• the invention thus provides a process for the production of concrete and a device for carrying out this process, in which the quality of the concrete can be improved.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=36036092

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Families Citing this family (20)

Family Cites Families (34)

• 2005
  • 2005-09-06 MX MX2007002576A patent/MX2007002576A/es unknown
  • 2005-09-06 CN CN2005800366074A patent/CN101068757B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-09-06 KR KR1020077007990A patent/KR20070101224A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-09-06 BR BRPI0514922-3A patent/BRPI0514922A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-09-06 EP EP05784570A patent/EP1791798A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-09-06 US US11/661,107 patent/US8481116B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-09-06 AU AU2005281721A patent/AU2005281721A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-09-06 CA CA002579300A patent/CA2579300A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-09-06 WO PCT/EP2005/054397 patent/WO2006027363A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2005-09-06 JP JP2007529368A patent/JP2008512268A/ja active Pending
• 2010
  • 2010-11-25 JP JP2010262970A patent/JP2011068134A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events