EP1791748B1 - Diagnosis and state monitoring of junctions, crossings or crossroads and rail joints by means of a rail vehicle - Google Patents

Diagnosis and state monitoring of junctions, crossings or crossroads and rail joints by means of a rail vehicle Download PDF

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EP1791748B1
EP1791748B1 EP05738201A EP05738201A EP1791748B1 EP 1791748 B1 EP1791748 B1 EP 1791748B1 EP 05738201 A EP05738201 A EP 05738201A EP 05738201 A EP05738201 A EP 05738201A EP 1791748 B1 EP1791748 B1 EP 1791748B1
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rail
rail vehicle
point
junction
diagnosis
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1791748A1 (en
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Andreas Zoll
Daniel LÜKE
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DB Netz AG
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DB Netz AG
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Priority to PL05738201T priority Critical patent/PL1791748T3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
    • B61L23/042—Track changes detection
    • B61L23/045—Rail wear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2205/00—Communication or navigation systems for railway traffic
    • B61L2205/04—Satellite based navigation systems, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for diagnosis and condition monitoring of a wear and functional state of a switch and / or a crossing and / or a crossroads and / or rail joints of a railroad track, which consists of several rails.
  • the method and the device are also suitable for diagnosing and monitoring the wear and functional state of track inhomogeneities.
  • intersections and intersections divide several tracks of rail traffic into a track and connect them together or, at an intersection, pass a track through another track.
  • An unobstructed and almost track-stable running of a wheel of a rail vehicle, which rolls over a switch, intersection or intersection, ensures a so-called heart, which is located at a cutting point of the intersecting tracks.
  • a distinction is made between rigid and movable frogs.
  • This heart gap causes the wheel to roll over the diverter, intersection or crossover over a groove as it rolls over, causing shock-like shocks and stresses on both the wheel and the rigid centerpiece.
  • WO 00/60322 describes a process independent of the effects of road or rail and a device for monitoring the chassis of multi-axle vehicles, in which undue deviations from the normal mechanical performance of a chassis are detected.
  • acceleration sensors measure the accelerations of at least two axles of the chassis, which are evaluated with a Fourier transformation.
  • Disadvantage of the described methods or devices is that it is not possible to determine during the crossing of a rail vehicle on the switch, intersection, intersection, or the rail joint whose actual state of wear with such accuracy that even without the presence of a defect condition, a possibly required maintenance date can be predicted with the associated expected maintenance effort.
  • Out EP 1 236 633 A2 is a method for detecting dergleister states of wheels of a rail vehicle known. In this case characteristic characteristic values are determined and a warning signal and / or emergency braking is triggered when a predetermined value is exceeded. With this method, it is not possible to make statements about the state of wear and function of points, turnouts, intersections, rail joints or tracks.
  • Claim 1 specifies a method for the diagnosis and condition monitoring of a wear and functional condition of a switch and / or a crossing and / or a crossroads and rail joints and track inhomogeneities of a rail transport route.
  • intersection or crossing points and rail joints or track inhomogeneities on at least one component of the rail vehicle vibration accelerations in at least one spatial direction measured and stored on the component of the rail vehicle by the crossing of the rail vehicle on the switch, intersection or crossing as well as rail joints and track inhomogeneities are generated.
  • vibration accelerations during crossings of a rail vehicle are thus measured and assessed in a location-specific manner.
  • These are directly related to the wear and functional state of the switch, crossing or intersection switch, rail joint and track inhomogeneities, since increasing vibration accelerations caused in particular by increasing deviations of their geometry from their nominal shape and their position of their desired position become.
  • a rolling over a railroad wheel on the heart gap in rigid frogs thus happens with increasing wear always "unsanft".
  • high vibration accelerations mean high energy inputs into individual components of the switch, intersection or intersection, as well as the rail joint and track inhomogeneities which additionally promote and accelerate the progression of wear.
  • the speed of the rail vehicle is additionally measured and stored, and the direction of travel and the location of the switch, intersection or intersection and the rail joint and track inhomogeneities are determined and stored.
  • Signaling preprocessing of the measuring signals on board the vehicle is advantageously carried out subsequently, so that only extracted data such as direction of travel, wheel set accelerations, driving speed, spatial position of the train must be transmitted via interfaces of the vehicle.
  • the measurement signals of the acceleration sensors, the speed measuring device and the locating device are prepared, stored and evaluated. In doing so, a necessary maintenance date and the associated maintenance costs are forecasted.
  • a check is made as to whether characteristic, predetermined limit values of the measured vibration accelerations are exceeded. In the event that predetermined limits of the vibration acceleration are exceeded, a subsequent further Measurement of a state of components of the switch, intersection or intersection switch in particular in accordance with the provisions DS 820 06 05 B5 or BN 824.9005 causes.
  • a measurement of the vibration acceleration by means of acceleration sensors is carried out according to claim 2 in the vicinity of the contact point of the wheel and rails, in particular according to claim 3 on a Radsatzlagerdeckel, or according to claim 4 as far as possible at the wheel-rail contact point, in particular a particularly selected for measuring wheelset attached.
  • a satellite-based position-indicating device in particular GPS, DGPS or Gallileo is advantageously used to determine the position of the train. This advantageously also a position indication on routes is possible that do not have train control systems that tell the rail vehicle its position on the track.
  • Claim 6 specifies an apparatus for carrying out the method of claim 1.
  • the rail joint or the track inhomogeneity determined at least one acceleration sensor on at least one component of the rail vehicle, a vibration acceleration, the rail vehicle by crossing over the heart or the discontinuity generated.
  • the acceleration sensors determine the vibration acceleration either only in one spatial direction or particularly advantageously in several, in particular all three, mutually perpendicular spatial directions.
  • special acceleration sensors can be used to determine rotational and / or pitching movements on at least one component of the rail vehicle.
  • piezoelectric accelerometers are used as an acceleration sensor in this case according to claim 7. These are characterized by a low weight, a compact design and their robustness and longevity.
  • a speed measuring device determines the speed of the rail vehicle.
  • a speed measuring device which is also present in the rail vehicle, is used in particular Driver indicating speed.
  • Driver indicating speed is used in particular.
  • a locating device determines the location of the measured points, intersection or intersection points as well as rail joints and track inhomogeneities, so that a local assignment of the determined vibration acceleration to the corresponding measured points, intersection or intersection, rail joint and track inhomogeneity can take place.
  • the advantage in this case is that, when irregularities occur or when characteristic, predetermined limit values of the vibration acceleration are exceeded, maintenance personnel are guided precisely to the corresponding conspicuous switch, intersection or intersection, rail impact and track inhomogeneity.
  • a position indication of the rail vehicle present in the rail vehicle is used in conjunction with the position of the accelerometer within the rail vehicle.
  • This position indication of the rail vehicle takes place in particular via train control systems of the traveled route, which inform the rail vehicle of its position on the track, in particular a felicitnzugbeeinpoundung (LZB) or a European Train Control System (ETCS), or via a satellite-based position indicating device of claim 5.
  • train control systems of the traveled route which inform the rail vehicle of its position on the track, in particular a felicitnzugbeeinpoundung (LZB) or a European Train Control System (ETCS), or via a satellite-based position indicating device of claim 5.
  • a location device which, in addition to a position indication, also provides an indication of the speed and direction of travel of the rail vehicle, as is possible in particular in the case of a satellite-supported position indication device.
  • the speed measuring device and the locating device is combined in a single device, so that a separate speed measuring device is unnecessary.
  • a data acquisition system prepares the measuring signals of the acceleration sensors, the speed measuring device and the locating device, stores them in particular electronically or magnetically and evaluates them accordingly.
  • the data acquisition system predicts a necessary maintenance date and the associated maintenance effort.
  • the data acquisition system checks whether characteristic, specified limit values are exceeded. If predetermined limit values are exceeded, the data acquisition is used to initiate a subsequent, more extensive measurement of the state of the points, intersections or crossroads, in particular in accordance with the specifications DS 820 06 05 B5 or BN 824.9005.
  • a supportive use of conventional Measuring means only required when the device according to the invention detects a "need for maintenance" or requires the regulations this
  • Advantages of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are, in particular, in the diagnosis and condition monitoring of a switch, crossing or crossroads, rail impact and track inhomogeneities between regular inspections or maintenance work.
  • a first more accurate statement about the state of the switch, intersection or intersection is made by a quick and easy test.
  • wear is detected at a particularly early stage and from the data of which a necessary maintenance date and maintenance effort are predicted, which in particular ensures better central planning feasibility and an optimization of the life-cycle costs.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment relates according to Fig. 1 a rail vehicle 1, which passes over a discontinuity 3 of a rail 2.
  • the discontinuity 3 of the rail 2 is an example of a heart gap of a switch with a rigid heart.
  • an acceleration sensor 4 which is mounted on a Radsatzlagerdeckel 5 (or as close as possible near the contact point of the wheel and rails), determined vibration acceleration, the rail vehicle through the Crossing experiences.
  • a locating device 7 in particular a satellite-supported position indicating device, determines the position, the speed and the direction of travel of the rail vehicle.
  • a data acquisition system 6 carries out signal conditioning and signal storage of the measurement signals of the acceleration sensor 4 and of the location device 7 and evaluates them accordingly. Furthermore, the data acquisition system 6 checks whether characteristic, predetermined limit values of the vibration acceleration are exceeded. If the predetermined limit values are exceeded, the data acquisition system 6 causes a subsequent further measurement of a position and a state of components of the points, in particular according to the regulations DS 820 06 05 B5 and BN 824.9005. Subsequently, worn out components which have been determined are serviced and a renewed check according to the invention is carried out, with which a quality of a component maintenance is checked and checked.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A method and a device for diagnosis and state monitoring of a wear and functional state of a junction, a crossing, a crossroads, rail joints, and/or track nonuniformities of a rail traffic path made of several tracks measures and stores swing acceleration in at least one direction when overtaking a rail vehicle on a junction, crossings or crossroads, in addition to rail joints or track nonuniformities on at least one rail vehicle component, the swing acceleration being produced on the rail vehicle component when overtaking the rail vehicle at the junction, crossing or crossroads, rail joints, track nonuniformites. The method also measures and stores the rail vehicle speed and determines and stores the travel direction and the place of the junction, crossing or crossroads, rail joints, track nonuniformities, carries out a control as to whether characteristic, predetermined threshold values of the measured swing accelerations have been exceeded.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Diagnose und Zustandsüberwachung eines Verschleiß- und Funktionszustandes einer Weiche und/oder einer Kreuzung und/oder einer Kreuzungsweiche und/oder von Schienenstößen eines Schienenverkehrsweges, der aus mehreren Fahrschienen besteht. Das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung sind über die beanspruchten Merkmale hinausgehend auch geeignet, den Verschleiß- und Funktionszustand von Gleisinhomogenitäten zu diagnostizieren und zu überwachen.The invention relates to a method and a device for diagnosis and condition monitoring of a wear and functional state of a switch and / or a crossing and / or a crossroads and / or rail joints of a railroad track, which consists of several rails. In addition to the claimed features, the method and the device are also suitable for diagnosing and monitoring the wear and functional state of track inhomogeneities.

Weichen, Kreuzungen und Kreuzungsweichen führen mehrere Gleise des Schienenverkehrs zu einem Gleis zusammen und verbinden diese miteinander oder führen bei einer Kreuzung ein Gleis durch ein anderes Gleis hindurch. Einen ungehinderten und nahezu spurstabilen Lauf eines Rades eines Schienenfahrzeuges, das über eine Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche hinwegrollt, gewährleistet ein sog. Herzstück, das sich an einer Durchschneidungsstelle der sich kreuzenden Gleise befindet. Hierbei werden starre und bewegliche Herzstücke unterschieden. Bei einem starren Herzstück ist eine planmäßige Unterbrechung einer Fahrkante an der Durchschneidungsstelle vorhanden, die sog. Herzstücklücke. Diese Herzstücklücke führt dazu, dass das Rad während des Hinwegrollens über die Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche über eine Rille fährt, wodurch stoßartige Erschütterungen und Belastungen sowohl am Rad als auch am starren Herzstück auftreten. Dies führt längerfristig zu einer Abnutzung und einem erhöhten Verschleiß des starren Herzstückes sowie der gesamten Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche. Zur Lösung dieses Problems wird bei Weichen, Kreuzungen oder Kreuzungsweichen, die durch Züge mit höheren Geschwindigkeiten befahren werden, ein bewegliches Herzstück verwendet, das für das jeweilige Gleis eine durchgehende Fahrkante herstellt. Die überwiegende Anzahl von Weichen, Kreuzungen oder Kreuzungsweichen weist jedoch aus Gründen verminderter Herstellungs- und Unterhaltungskosten sowie eingeschränkten Einbauraumes ein starres Herzstück auf.Turnouts, intersections and intersections divide several tracks of rail traffic into a track and connect them together or, at an intersection, pass a track through another track. An unobstructed and almost track-stable running of a wheel of a rail vehicle, which rolls over a switch, intersection or intersection, ensures a so-called heart, which is located at a cutting point of the intersecting tracks. Here, a distinction is made between rigid and movable frogs. In the case of a rigid centerpiece, there is a planned interruption of a running edge at the point of intersection, the so-called center-piece gap. This heart gap causes the wheel to roll over the diverter, intersection or crossover over a groove as it rolls over, causing shock-like shocks and stresses on both the wheel and the rigid centerpiece. This leads in the long term to wear and increased wear of the rigid heart and the entire turnout, intersection or intersection. To solve this problem is used in switches, crossings or intersection points, which are driven by trains at higher speeds, a movable core, which produces a continuous edge for the respective track. However, the vast majority of switches, crossings or intersection points, for reasons of reduced manufacturing and maintenance costs and limited installation space on a rigid core.

Die Messungen zur Ermittlung des Verschleiß- und Funktionszustandes von Weichen, Kreuzungen oder Kreuzungsweichen sind personalintensiv und werden oftmals aus werkstofftechnischer Sicht zu selten und/oder zu spät durchgeführt, so dass insbesondere ein Vermessen von Herzstücken nach Regelinspektionen erst dann erfolgt, wenn diese bereits visuell auffällig sind. Visuelle Einschätzungen bei Regelinspektionen können den tatsächlichen Verschleiß von Weichen, Kreuzungen oder Kreuzungsweichen nur unzureichend beschreiben.The measurements for determining the state of wear and function of switches, crossings or crossroads are labor-intensive and are often performed too rarely and / or too late from the materials point of view, so that in particular a measurement of frogs after rule inspections only then takes place when this already visually striking are. Visual assessments of rule inspections can not adequately describe the actual wear of turnouts, crossings or intersections.

Als Stand der Technik ist bekannt, dass eine Diagnose von Weichen, Herzstücken und Kreuzungen durch eine visuelle Begutachtung und Beurteilung nach Methoden der bahninternen Vorschrift DS 820.06 05 B5 und Norm BN 821.2005 durchgeführt wird. Dies sind händische Messmethoden mit Linealen, Messlehren, Messschnüren, Messkeilen, Spiegel und Fühllehren. Insbesondere werden Rampenverläufe am Herzstück ermittelt, eine Ebenheit und Richtung der Schienen geprüft sowie eine Höhenlage des Herzstückes und der Flügelschienen ermittelt. Hierfür ist ein Personenaufwand von 3 Personen, ein Zeitaufwand von bis zu etwa einer halben Stunde sowie ein teilweise sehr platzzehrendes 8-teiliges Messmittelset erforderlich.As the prior art it is known that a diagnosis of switches, frogs and crossings by a visual inspection and assessment according to methods of the in-line regulation DS 820.06 05 B5 and BN 821.2005 standard is performed. These are manual measuring methods with rulers, measuring gauges, measuring cords, measuring wedges, mirrors and feeler gauges. In particular, ramp characteristics are determined at the heart, a flatness and direction of the rails checked and determined an altitude of the heart and the wing rails. For this purpose, a personal effort of 3 people, a time of up to about half an hour and a sometimes very space-consuming 8-piece measuring equipment required.

Desweiteren stehen hierdurch lediglich geometrische Daten über den Verschleißzustand an Herzstück und Flügelschiene zum Zeitpunkt der Vermessung zur Verfügung ohne weitere Aussagen über den zugehörigen Ober- und Unterbau. Ebenso werden Schwellenhohllagen nicht erkannt und bis dato mit keinem System erfasst.Furthermore, this provides only geometric data on the state of wear on the frog and wing rail at the time of measurement available without further statements about the associated upper and lower structure. Similarly, threshold cavities are not recognized and have not been recorded with any system to date.

Nachteil dieser Lösung ist somit insbesondere ein großer personeller und zeitlicher Messaufwand, d.h. seltene und nur unzureichende Beschreibung des tatsächlichen Verschleiß- und Funktionszustandes. Das Voraussagen und Veranlassen rechtzeitiger Instandhaltungstermine sind daher schwer möglich. Eingriffsschwellwerte insbesondere für den Überlaufbereich fehlen bisher.Disadvantage of this solution is thus in particular a large personal and temporal measurement effort, i. Rare and insufficient description of the actual state of wear and function. Predicting and prompting timely maintenance appointments are therefore difficult. Engagement thresholds, especially for the overflow area, have been missing so far.

Aus DE 10 2004 014 282 ist ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Diagnose und Zustandsüberwachung im Überlaufbereich einer Weiche, einer Kreuzung oder einer Kreuzungsweiche eines Schienenverkehrsweges bekannt. Hierbei werden am starren Herzstück oder dem Kreuzungspunkt Schwingungsbeschleunigungen des Herzstückes oder des Kreuzungspunktes an mindestens einem Ort des Herzstückes oder Kreuzungspunktes in mindestens einer Raumrichtung gemessen, die durch die Überfahrt eines Fahrzeuges über das Herzstück/den Kreuzungspunkt erzeugt werden. Bei diesem Verfahren wird somit der Verschleiß von Bauteilen direkt an den entsprechenden Bauteilen der Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche ermittelt. Sollen nacheinander mehrere verschiedene Weichen, Kreuzungen oder Kreuzungsweichen untersucht werden, so muss die entsprechende Messvorrichtung durch Messpersonal bei der einen Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche demontiert, zur nächsten Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche transportiert und dort montiert werden. Eine Diagnose mehrerer verschiedener Weichen, Kreuzungen oder Kreuzungsweichen nacheinander ist somit mit einem größeren zeitlichen und personellen Aufwand verbunden.Out DE 10 2004 014 282 a method and apparatus for diagnosis and condition monitoring in the overflow area of a switch, an intersection or a crossroads of a railroad track is known. In this case, the accelerator accelerations of the frog or of the crossing point are measured on at least one location of the frog or crossing point in at least one spatial direction, which are generated by the passage of a vehicle over the heart / the crossing point at the rigid heart or the crossing point. In this method, the wear of components is thus determined directly on the corresponding components of the switch, intersection or intersection. Should successively more Various switches, intersections or crossing points are examined, so the corresponding measuring device must be dismantled by measuring personnel at a turnout, intersection or intersection, transported to the nearest turnout, intersection or intersection and mounted there. A diagnosis of several different switches, intersections or crossroads one after the other is thus associated with a greater expenditure of time and personnel.

In WO 00/60322 ist ein von den Rückwirkungen von Fahrbahn bzw. Schiene unabhängiges Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung der Fahrgestelle von mehrachsigen Fahrzeugen beschrieben, bei dem unzulässige Abweichungen vom normalen mechanischen Betriebsverhalten eines Fahrgestells festgestellt werden. Hierfür messen Beschleunigungssensoren die Beschleunigungen von wenigstens zwei Achsen des Fahrgestells, die mit einer FourierTransformation ausgewertet werden. So kann unter Auswertung der über einen längeren Zeitraum gebildeten Mittelwertprofile eine über längere Zeit entstehende Abweichung vom ursprünglichen Zustand festgestellt und automatisch eine entsprechende Korrekturmaßnahme am Radsatz angefordert werden.In WO 00/60322 describes a process independent of the effects of road or rail and a device for monitoring the chassis of multi-axle vehicles, in which undue deviations from the normal mechanical performance of a chassis are detected. For this purpose, acceleration sensors measure the accelerations of at least two axles of the chassis, which are evaluated with a Fourier transformation. Thus, by evaluating the mean value profiles formed over a longer period of time, a deviation from the original condition arising over a longer period of time can be ascertained and automatically a corresponding corrective action can be requested on the wheelset.

Da der Einfluss von der Schiene auf das Verhalten des Drehgestells ausgefiltert werden muss, ist es mit diesem Verfahren bzw. dieser Vorrichtung auch möglich, Aussagen über den Zustand des Gleises, insbesondere dessen Schadhaftigkeit zu machen.Since the influence of the rail on the behavior of the bogie must be filtered out, it is also possible with this method or this device to make statements about the condition of the track, in particular its defectiveness.

Nachteil der beschriebenen Verfahren bzw. Vorrichtungen ist, dass es nicht möglich ist, bei der Überfahrt eines Schienenfahrzeuges über die Weiche, Kreuzung, Kreuzungsweiche, oder den Schienenstoß deren tatsächlichen Verschleißzustand mit solcher Genauigkeit zu ermitteln, dass auch ohne Vorliegen eines Defektzustandes ein eventuell erforderlicher Instandhaltungstermin mit dem zugehörigen zu erwartenden Instandhaltungsaufwand prognostiziert werden kann.Disadvantage of the described methods or devices is that it is not possible to determine during the crossing of a rail vehicle on the switch, intersection, intersection, or the rail joint whose actual state of wear with such accuracy that even without the presence of a defect condition, a possibly required maintenance date can be predicted with the associated expected maintenance effort.

Es ist lediglich möglich festzustellen, dass bei Überschreiten bestimmter Grenzwerte die entsprechenden Bereiche des Schienenweges bereits defekt sind.It is only possible to determine that, when certain limit values are exceeded, the corresponding areas of the rail path are already defective.

Weiterhin kann nach nur einmaliger Überfahrt über einen Schienenweg ebenfalls keine Aussage über den tatsächlichen Verschleiß des Gleisweges und die damit verbundenen Gleisinhomogenitäten getroffen werden. Die bei Weichen, Kreuzungen, Kreuzungsweichen oder Schienenstößen auftretenden Schwingungen sind kurzwelliger als die Schwingungen, die bei Gleisinhomogenitäten auftreten. Zur Beurteilung dieser vergleichsweise langwelligen Schwingungen müssen die Messreihen mehrerer Überfahrten miteinander verglichen werden.Furthermore, after only a single crossing over a rail track also no statement about the actual wear of the track track and the associated track inhomogeneities can be made. The vibrations occurring at switches, crossings, intersection points or rail joints are shorter than the vibrations that occur at Track inhomogeneities occur. To assess these comparatively long-wave oscillations, the measurement series of several crossings must be compared.

Aus EP 1 236 633 A2 ist ein Verfahren zur Erkennung entgleister Zustände von Rädern eines Schienenfahrzeuges bekannt. Hierbei werden charakteristische Kennwerte ermittelt und bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Wertes ein Hinweissignal und/oder eine Notbremsung ausgelöst. Mit diesem Verfahren ist es nicht möglich, Aussagen über den Verschleiß- und Funktionszustand von Weichen, Weichenkreuzungen, Kreuzungen, Schienenstößen oder der Gleise zu treffen.Out EP 1 236 633 A2 is a method for detecting dergleister states of wheels of a rail vehicle known. In this case characteristic characteristic values are determined and a warning signal and / or emergency braking is triggered when a predetermined value is exceeded. With this method, it is not possible to make statements about the state of wear and function of points, turnouts, intersections, rail joints or tracks.

Es ist somit Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, mit dem mit geringem Aufwand eine Bewertung des Gesamtsystems Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche sowie Schienenstößen und Gleisinhomogenitäten noch vor einer visueller Auffälligkeit durchgeführt werden kann ohne die Nachteile des Standes der Technik aufzuweisen.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method and an apparatus with which an evaluation of the overall system turnout, crossing or intersection weiche and rail joints and track inhomogeneities can be performed before a visual conspicuity without the disadvantages of the prior art.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß für das Verfahren durch die in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale sowie für die Vorrichtung durch die in Anspruch 6 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved for the method by the features specified in claim 1 and for the device by the features specified in claim 6.

Anspruch 1 gibt ein Verfahren an zur Diagnose und Zustandsüberwachung eines Verschleiß- und Funktionszustandes einer Weiche und/oder einer Kreuzung und/oder einer Kreuzungsweiche sowie von Schienenstößen und Gleisinhomogenitäten eines Schienenverkehrsweges. Hierbei werden bei Überfahrt eines Schienenfahrzeuges über die Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche sowie Schienenstößen oder Gleisinhomogenitäten an mindestens einem Bauteil des Schienenfahrzeuges Schwingungsbeschleunigungen in mindestens einer Raumrichtung gemessen und abgespeichert, die an dem Bauteil des Schienenfahrzeuges durch die Überfahrt des Schienenfahrzeuges über die Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche sowie Schienenstöße und Gleisinhomogenitäten erzeugt werden.Claim 1 specifies a method for the diagnosis and condition monitoring of a wear and functional condition of a switch and / or a crossing and / or a crossroads and rail joints and track inhomogeneities of a rail transport route. In this case, when crossing a rail vehicle on the switch, intersection or crossing points and rail joints or track inhomogeneities on at least one component of the rail vehicle vibration accelerations in at least one spatial direction measured and stored on the component of the rail vehicle by the crossing of the rail vehicle on the switch, intersection or crossing as well as rail joints and track inhomogeneities are generated.

Erfindungsgemäß werden somit insbesondere Schwingungsbeschleunigungen bei Überfahrten eines Schienenfahrzeuges gemessen und ortsgenau beurteilt. Diese stehen in einem direkten Zusammenhang mit dem Verschleiß und Funktionszustand der Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche, Schienenstoßes und Gleisinhomogenitäten, da ansteigende Schwingungsbeschleunigungen insbesondere durch anwachsende Abweichungen deren Geometrie von ihrer Sollform und deren Lage von ihrer Solllage hervorgerufen werden. Insbesondere ein Überrollen eines Eisenbahnrades über die Herzstücklücke bei starren Herzstücken geschieht demzufolge mit zunehmendem Verschleiß immer "unsanfter". Gleichzeitig bedeuten hohe Schwingungsbeschleunigungen hohe Energieeinträge in einzelne Bauteile der Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche sowie des Schienenstoßes und Gleisinhomogenitäten die ein Voranschreiten des Verschleißes noch zusätzlich fördern und beschleunigen.According to the invention, in particular, vibration accelerations during crossings of a rail vehicle are thus measured and assessed in a location-specific manner. These are directly related to the wear and functional state of the switch, crossing or intersection switch, rail joint and track inhomogeneities, since increasing vibration accelerations caused in particular by increasing deviations of their geometry from their nominal shape and their position of their desired position become. In particular, a rolling over a railroad wheel on the heart gap in rigid frogs thus happens with increasing wear always "unsanft". At the same time, high vibration accelerations mean high energy inputs into individual components of the switch, intersection or intersection, as well as the rail joint and track inhomogeneities which additionally promote and accelerate the progression of wear.

Das Überrollen von konstruktionsbedingten Unstetigkeiten der Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche, des Schienenstoßes und Gleisinhomogenitäten erzeugt mit deren zunehmendem Verschleiß bzw. schlechter Einstellung, sich charakteristisch verändernde Werte einer Schwingungsbeschleunigung an einem Rad oder Radsatz des überrollenden Fahrzeuges. Diese Schwingungsbeschleunigungen breiten sich entsprechend konstruktionsbedingter Dämpfungen der Konstruktion des Fahrzeuges auf das gesamte Fahrzeug aus. So erzeugen anwachsende Abweichungen der Geometrie, von Einstellungen und Befestigungen von Bauteilen der Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche sowie des Schienenstoßes und Gleisinhomogenitäten ansteigende Schwingungsbeschleunigungen im Fahrzeug und umgekehrt.The rolling over of design-related discontinuities of the switch, crossing or intersection, the rail joint and track inhomogeneities with their increasing wear or poor setting, generates characteristically changing values of vibration acceleration on a wheel or wheelset of the vehicle rolling over. These vibration accelerations are propagated to the entire vehicle in accordance with design-related damping of the construction of the vehicle. Thus, increasing deviations in the geometry, of adjustments and fixings of components of the switch, crossing or crossroads as well as of the rail joint and track inhomogeneities cause increasing vibration accelerations in the vehicle and vice versa.

Erfindungsgemäß wird zusätzlich die Geschwindigkeit des Schienenfahrzeuges gemessen und abgespeichert sowie die Befahrrichtung und der Ort der Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche sowie des Schienenstoßes und Gleisinhomogenitäten ermittelt und abgespeichert.According to the invention, the speed of the rail vehicle is additionally measured and stored, and the direction of travel and the location of the switch, intersection or intersection and the rail joint and track inhomogeneities are determined and stored.

Eine signaltechnische Vorverarbeitung der Messsignale an Bord des Fahrzeuges wird vorteilhaft nachfolgend durchgeführt, so dass nur extrahierte Daten wie Befahrrichtung, Radsatzbeschleunigungen, Fahrgeschwindigkeit, Ortsposition des Zuges über Schnittstellen des Fahrzeuges übertragen werden müssen.Signaling preprocessing of the measuring signals on board the vehicle is advantageously carried out subsequently, so that only extracted data such as direction of travel, wheel set accelerations, driving speed, spatial position of the train must be transmitted via interfaces of the vehicle.

Von einer im Schienenfahrzeug angeordneten Datenerfassungsanlage werden die Messsignale der Beschleunigungssensoren, der Geschwindigkeitsmessvorrichtung und der Ortungsvorrichtung aufbereitet, abgespeichert und ausgewertet. Dabei werden ein notwendiger Instandhaltungstermin und der zugehörige Instandhaltungsaufwand prognostiziert.From a arranged in the rail vehicle data acquisition system, the measurement signals of the acceleration sensors, the speed measuring device and the locating device are prepared, stored and evaluated. In doing so, a necessary maintenance date and the associated maintenance costs are forecasted.

Darüber hinaus wird eine Kontrolle durchgeführt, ob charakteristische, vorgegebene Grenzwerte der gemessenen Schwingungsbeschleunigungen überschritten werden. Für den Fall, dass vorgegebene Grenzwerte der Schwingungsbeschleunigung überschritten werden, wird eine nachfolgende weitergehende Vermessung eines Zustandes von Bauteilen der Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche insbesondere gemäß den Vorschriften DS 820 06 05 B5 bzw. BN 824.9005 veranlasst.In addition, a check is made as to whether characteristic, predetermined limit values of the measured vibration accelerations are exceeded. In the event that predetermined limits of the vibration acceleration are exceeded, a subsequent further Measurement of a state of components of the switch, intersection or intersection switch in particular in accordance with the provisions DS 820 06 05 B5 or BN 824.9005 causes.

Besonders vorteilhaft wird eine Messung der Schwingungsbeschleunigung mit Hilfe von Beschleunigungssensoren durchgeführt, die nach Anspruch 2 in der Nähe des Kontaktpunktes von Rad und Schienen, insbesondere nach Anspruch 3 an einem Radsatzlagerdeckel, bzw. nach Anspruch 4 soweit wie möglich am Rad-Schiene-Kontaktpunkt, insbesondere eines besonders dafür ausgewählten Messradsatzes, angebracht sind.Particularly advantageously, a measurement of the vibration acceleration by means of acceleration sensors is carried out according to claim 2 in the vicinity of the contact point of the wheel and rails, in particular according to claim 3 on a Radsatzlagerdeckel, or according to claim 4 as far as possible at the wheel-rail contact point, in particular a particularly selected for measuring wheelset attached.

Gemäß Anspruch 5 wird zur Bestimmung der Ortsposition des Zuges vorteilhaft eine satellitengestützte Positionsangabevorrichtung, insbesondere GPS, DGPS oder Gallileo verwendet. Hiermit ist vorteilhaft auch eine Positionsangabe auf Strecken möglich, die nicht über Zugleitsysteme verfügen, die dem Schienenfahrzeug seine Position auf der Strecke mitteilen.According to claim 5, a satellite-based position-indicating device, in particular GPS, DGPS or Gallileo is advantageously used to determine the position of the train. This advantageously also a position indication on routes is possible that do not have train control systems that tell the rail vehicle its position on the track.

Anspruch 6 gibt eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens aus Anspruch 1 an.Claim 6 specifies an apparatus for carrying out the method of claim 1.

Bei Überfahrt eines Schienenfahrzeuges mit einer bestimmten Geschwindigkeit und einer bestimmten Befahrrichtung über die Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche, den Schienenstoß oder die Gleisinhomogenität ermittelt mindestens ein Beschleunigungssensor an mindestens einem Bauteil des Schienenfahrzeuges eine Schwingungsbeschleunigung, die das Schienenfahrzeug durch die Überfahrt über das Herzstück oder die Unstetigkeit erzeugt. Die Beschleunigungssensoren ermitteln die Schwingungsbeschleunigung entweder lediglich in einer Raumrichtung oder besonders vorteilhaft in mehreren, insbesondere allen drei zueinander senkrechten Raumrichtungen. Zusätzlich können auch spezielle Beschleunigungssensoren zur Ermittlung von Dreh- und/oder Nickbewegungen an mindestens einem Bauteil des Schienenfahrzeuges verwendet werden.When crossing a rail vehicle at a certain speed and a certain direction of travel on the switch, intersection or intersection, the rail joint or the track inhomogeneity determined at least one acceleration sensor on at least one component of the rail vehicle, a vibration acceleration, the rail vehicle by crossing over the heart or the discontinuity generated. The acceleration sensors determine the vibration acceleration either only in one spatial direction or particularly advantageously in several, in particular all three, mutually perpendicular spatial directions. In addition, special acceleration sensors can be used to determine rotational and / or pitching movements on at least one component of the rail vehicle.

Als Beschleunigungssensor werden hierbei nach Anspruch 7 insbesondere piezoelektrische Beschleunigungsaufnehmer verwendet. Diese zeichnen sich durch ein geringes Gewicht, eine kompakte Bauform sowie ihre Robustheit und Langlebigkeit aus.As an acceleration sensor in this case according to claim 7, in particular piezoelectric accelerometers are used. These are characterized by a low weight, a compact design and their robustness and longevity.

Eine Geschwindigkeitsmessvorrichtung ermittelt die Geschwindigkeit des Schienenfahrzeuges. Hierbei wird insbesondere eine im Schienenfahrzeug vorhandene Geschwindigkeitsmessvorrichtung verwendet, die auch dem Fahrzeugführer die Geschwindigkeit anzeigt. Alternativ ist insbesondere ein Einsatz von Radar-, Ultraschall oder Lasermessgeräten möglich.A speed measuring device determines the speed of the rail vehicle. In this case, a speed measuring device, which is also present in the rail vehicle, is used in particular Driver indicating speed. Alternatively, in particular a use of radar, ultrasonic or laser measuring devices is possible.

Eine Ortungsvorrichtung ermittelt den Ort der vermessenen Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche sowie Schienenstöße und Gleisinhomogenitäten, so dass eine örtliche Zuordnung der ermittelten Schwingungsbeschleunigungen zu der entsprechenden vermessenen Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche, Schienenstoßes und Gleisinhomogenität erfolgen kann. Vorteil ist hierbei, dass bei Auftreten von Unregelmäßigkeiten oder Überschreitung charakteristischer, vorgegebener Grenzwerte der Schwingungsbeschleunigung Wartungspersonal zielgenau zu der entsprechenden auffälligen Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche, Schienenstoßes und Gleisinhomogenität geführt wird. Als Ortungsvorrichtung wird vorteilhaft eine im Schienenfahrzeug vorhandene Positionsangabe des Schienenfahrzeuges verwendet in Verbindung mit der Position der Beschleunigungsaufnehmer innerhalb des Schienenfahrzeuges. Diese Positionsangabe des Schienenfahrzeuges erfolgt insbesondere über Zugleitsysteme der befahrenen Strecke, die dem Schienenfahrzeug seine Position auf der Strecke mitteilen, insbesondere eine Linienzugbeeinflussung (LZB) oder ein European Train Control System (ETCS), oder über eine satellitengestützte Positionsangabevorrichtung aus Anspruch 5.A locating device determines the location of the measured points, intersection or intersection points as well as rail joints and track inhomogeneities, so that a local assignment of the determined vibration acceleration to the corresponding measured points, intersection or intersection, rail joint and track inhomogeneity can take place. The advantage in this case is that, when irregularities occur or when characteristic, predetermined limit values of the vibration acceleration are exceeded, maintenance personnel are guided precisely to the corresponding conspicuous switch, intersection or intersection, rail impact and track inhomogeneity. As locating device advantageously a position indication of the rail vehicle present in the rail vehicle is used in conjunction with the position of the accelerometer within the rail vehicle. This position indication of the rail vehicle takes place in particular via train control systems of the traveled route, which inform the rail vehicle of its position on the track, in particular a Linienzugbeeinflussung (LZB) or a European Train Control System (ETCS), or via a satellite-based position indicating device of claim 5.

Besonders vorteilhaft wird eine Ortungsvorrichtung verwendet, die zusätzlich zu einer Positionsangabe auch eine Angabe der Geschwindigkeit und der Befahrrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges liefert, wie dies insbesondere bei einer satellitengestützten Positionsangabevorrichtung möglich ist. Hierdurch wird die Geschwindigkeitsmessvorrichtung und die Ortungsvorrichtung in einer einzigen Vorrichtung vereinigt, so dass sich eine separate Geschwindigkeitsmessvorrichtung erübrigt.Particularly advantageously, a location device is used which, in addition to a position indication, also provides an indication of the speed and direction of travel of the rail vehicle, as is possible in particular in the case of a satellite-supported position indication device. As a result, the speed measuring device and the locating device is combined in a single device, so that a separate speed measuring device is unnecessary.

Eine Datenerfassungsanlage bereitet die Messsignale der Beschleunigungssensoren, der Geschwindigkeitsmessvorrichtung sowie der Ortungsvorrichtung auf, speichert diese insbesondere elektronisch oder magnetisch ab und wertet sie entsprechend aus. Dabei prognostiziert die Datenerfassungsanlage einen notwendigen Instandhaltungstermin und den zugehörigen Instandhaltungsaufwand. Desweiteren kontrolliert die Datenerfassungsanlage, ob charakteristische, vorgegebene Grenzwerte überschritten werden. Werden vorgegebene Grenzwerte überschritten, wird mit Hilfe der Datenerfassung eine nachfolgende, weitergehende Vermessung des Zustandes der Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche insbesondere gemäß den Vorschriften DS 820 06 05 B5 bzw. BN 824.9005 veranlasst. Somit ist eine unterstützende Nutzung von herkömmlichen Messmitteln erst dann erforderlich, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung einen "Wartungsbedarf" detektiert bzw. das Regelwerk dieses verlangtA data acquisition system prepares the measuring signals of the acceleration sensors, the speed measuring device and the locating device, stores them in particular electronically or magnetically and evaluates them accordingly. The data acquisition system predicts a necessary maintenance date and the associated maintenance effort. Furthermore, the data acquisition system checks whether characteristic, specified limit values are exceeded. If predetermined limit values are exceeded, the data acquisition is used to initiate a subsequent, more extensive measurement of the state of the points, intersections or crossroads, in particular in accordance with the specifications DS 820 06 05 B5 or BN 824.9005. Thus, a supportive use of conventional Measuring means only required when the device according to the invention detects a "need for maintenance" or requires the regulations this

Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung liegen insbesondere bei der Diagnose und Zustandsüberwachung einer Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche, Schienenstoßes und Gleisinhomogenitäten zwischen Regelinspektionen oder Wartungsarbeiten. Hierbei wird eine erste genauere Aussage über den Zustand der Weiche, Kreuzung oder Kreuzungsweiche durch eine schnelle und einfache Prüfung getroffen. Es wird somit besonders frühzeitig ein Verschleiß festgestellt und aus dessen Daten ein notwendiger Instandhaltungstermin und Instandhaltungsaufwand prognostiziert, wodurch insbesondere bessere Mittelplanbarkeit und eine Optimierung der Lebenszykluskosten gewährleistet wird. Zusätzlich besteht die Möglichkeit einer Vergleichbarkeit mit früheren Messwerten.Advantages of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention are, in particular, in the diagnosis and condition monitoring of a switch, crossing or crossroads, rail impact and track inhomogeneities between regular inspections or maintenance work. Here, a first more accurate statement about the state of the switch, intersection or intersection is made by a quick and easy test. Thus, wear is detected at a particularly early stage and from the data of which a necessary maintenance date and maintenance effort are predicted, which in particular ensures better central planning feasibility and an optimization of the life-cycle costs. In addition, there is the possibility of comparability with previous measured values.

Besonders vorteilhaft

  • ist durch die Erfindung insbesondere bei einem vollautomatischen Mess- und Auswerteablauf kein Personal- und kein Zeitaufwand erforderlich,
  • werden durch die Erfindung aktuelle automatische Trendanalyen ermöglicht,
  • kann durch die Erfindung ein Inspektionsaufwand vor Ort angepasst, optimiert und reduziert werden,
  • wird durch die Erfindung ein Fahrkomfort für Reisende erhöht.
  • können Schallemissionen gesenkt werden.
Especially advantageous
  • is the invention, especially in a fully automatic measurement and evaluation process no staff and no time required,
  • the invention enables current automatic trend analyzes,
  • can be adapted, optimized and reduced by the invention, an inspection effort on site,
  • is increased by the invention, a ride comfort for travelers.
  • Sound emissions can be reduced.

Es ist vorgesehen, dass auch entsprechend ausgestattete Regelzüge mit handelsüblichen Radsätzen (bei entsprechender signaltechnischen Berücksichtigung) diese Messaufgabe übernehmen.It is envisaged that also suitably equipped control trains with standard wheelsets (with appropriate signaling consideration) take this measurement task.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und einer Zeichnung mit einer Figur näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt in

Fig.1
schematisch ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Messvorrichtung, das eine Unstetigkeit einer Schiene überfährt.
The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment and a drawing with a figure. The drawing shows in
Fig.1
schematically a rail vehicle with a measuring device according to the invention, which runs over a discontinuity of a rail.

Ein besonders vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel betrifft gemäß Fig. 1 ein Schienenfahrzeug 1, das eine Unstetigkeit 3 einer Schiene 2 überfährt. Die Unstetigkeit 3 der Schiene 2 stellt hierbei beispielhaft eine Herzstücklücke einer Weiche mit einem starren Herzstück dar.A particularly advantageous embodiment relates according to Fig. 1 a rail vehicle 1, which passes over a discontinuity 3 of a rail 2. The discontinuity 3 of the rail 2 is an example of a heart gap of a switch with a rigid heart.

Bei Überfahrt des Schienenfahrzeuges mit einer bestimmten Geschwindigkeit und einer bestimmten Befahrrichtung über die Unstetigkeit 3 ermittelt ein Beschleunigungssensor 4, der an einem Radsatzlagerdeckel 5 angebracht ist (bzw. so nah wie möglich in Kontaktpunktnähe von Rad und Schienen), Schwingungsbeschleunigungen, die das Schienenfahrzeug durch die Überfahrt erfährt. Zusätzlich ermittelt eine Ortungsvorrichtung 7, insbesondere eine satellitengestützte Positionsangabevorrichtung die Position, die Geschwindigkeit und die Befahrrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges.When crossing the rail vehicle at a certain speed and a certain direction of driving on the discontinuity 3, an acceleration sensor 4, which is mounted on a Radsatzlagerdeckel 5 (or as close as possible near the contact point of the wheel and rails), determined vibration acceleration, the rail vehicle through the Crossing experiences. In addition, a locating device 7, in particular a satellite-supported position indicating device, determines the position, the speed and the direction of travel of the rail vehicle.

Eine Datenerfassungsanlage 6 führt eine Signalaufbereitung und Signalspeicherung der Messsignale des Beschleunigungssensors 4 sowie der Ortungsvorrichtung 7 durch und wertet sie entsprechend aus. Desweiteren kontrolliert die Datenerfassungsanlage 6, ob charakteristische, vorgegebene Grenzwerte der Schwingungsbeschleunigung überschritten werden. Werden die vorgegebenen Grenzwerte überschritten, veranlasst die Datenerfassungsanlage 6 eine nachfolgende weitergehende Vermessung einer Lage und eines Zustandes von Bauteilen der Weiche, insbesondere gemäß den Vorschriften DS 820 06 05 B5 bzw. BN 824.9005. Daraufhin werden ermittelte verschlissene Bauteile gewartet und eine erneute erfindungsgemäße Überprüfung durchgeführt, mit der eine Qualität einer Bauteilwartung überprüft und kontrolliert wird.A data acquisition system 6 carries out signal conditioning and signal storage of the measurement signals of the acceleration sensor 4 and of the location device 7 and evaluates them accordingly. Furthermore, the data acquisition system 6 checks whether characteristic, predetermined limit values of the vibration acceleration are exceeded. If the predetermined limit values are exceeded, the data acquisition system 6 causes a subsequent further measurement of a position and a state of components of the points, in particular according to the regulations DS 820 06 05 B5 and BN 824.9005. Subsequently, worn out components which have been determined are serviced and a renewed check according to the invention is carried out, with which a quality of a component maintenance is checked and checked.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Schienenfahrzeugtrack vehicle
22
Schienerail
33
Unstetigkeit der SchieneDiscontinuity of the rail
44
Beschleunigungssensoraccelerometer
55
Radsatzlagerdeckelwheel set bearing
66
DatenerfassungsanlageData acquisition system
77
Ortungsvorrichtunglocating device

Claims (7)

  1. A method for the diagnosis and condition monitoring of a wear and function condition of a point and/or a junction and/or a slip point and/or a rail butt joint of a railroad, wherein upon passage of a rail vehicle over the point, junction, slip point or the rail butt joint
    - on at least one component of the rail vehicle, vibration accelerations in at least one space direction are measured and stored which are generated on the component of the rail vehicle through the passage of the rail vehicle over the point, junction, slip point or the rail butt joint,
    - the speed of the rail vehicle is measured and stored and the travelling direction is determined and stored,
    - the location of the point, junction, slip point or the rail butt joint is determined and stored,
    - the measured signals of the acceleration sensors, the speed measuring device and the locating device of a data acquisition system arranged in the rail vehicle are prepared, stored and evaluated, while a necessary maintenance date and the relevant maintenance effort are forecast,
    - a check is conducted as to whether characteristic, predetermined limit values of the measured vibration accelerations are exceeded and in the event that predetermined limit values of the vibration acceleration are exceeded, a subsequent more comprehensive measurement of a condition of components of the point, junction, slip point or the rail butt joint is initiated.
  2. The method for diagnosis and condition monitoring, according to Claim 1, characterized in that the measurement of vibration accelerations is conducted near the contact point of wheel and rails.
  3. The method for diagnosis and condition monitoring according to Claim 2, characterized in that the measurement of vibration accelerations is conducted in the region of a wheel set bearing cover of the rail vehicle.
  4. The method for diagnosis and condition monitoring according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the measurement of vibration accelerations is conducted on a railway wheel in the region of a wheel-rail contact point.
  5. The method for diagnosis and condition monitoring according to at least one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the location of the point, junction, slip point or the rail butt joint is determined through a satellite-supported position indicating device.
  6. A device for the diagnosis and condition monitoring of a point and/or a junction and/or a slip point and/or a rail butt joint of a railroad when a rail vehicle travels over the point, junction, slip point or the rail butt joint, wherein
    - at least one acceleration sensor is arranged on at least one component of the rail vehicle,
    - a speed measuring and a locating device are arranged in the rail vehicle,
    - a data acquisition system arranged in the rail vehicle prepares, stores, evaluates measured signals of the acceleration sensors, the speed measuring device and the locating device, characterized in that the data acquisition system is equipped in such a manner that it forecasts a necessary maintenance date and the corresponding maintenance effort.
  7. The device for the diagnosis and condition monitoring according to Claim 5, characterized in that the acceleration sensor is embodied as piezoelectric acceleration pickup.
EP05738201A 2004-09-20 2005-05-04 Diagnosis and state monitoring of junctions, crossings or crossroads and rail joints by means of a rail vehicle Active EP1791748B1 (en)

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DE102004045457A DE102004045457B4 (en) 2004-09-20 2004-09-20 Method for diagnosis and condition monitoring of switches, crossings or intersection points and rail joints by a rail vehicle
PCT/EP2005/004837 WO2006032307A1 (en) 2004-09-20 2005-05-04 Diagnosis and state monitoring of junctions, crossings or crossroads and rail joints and track inhomogeneities by means of a rail vehicle

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JP (1) JP4707715B2 (en)
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CA2580573A1 (en) 2006-03-30
US20070299630A1 (en) 2007-12-27
SI1791748T1 (en) 2009-04-30
ATE409631T1 (en) 2008-10-15
PL1791748T3 (en) 2009-04-30
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RU2007114889A (en) 2008-10-27
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