ITLT20110002A1 - FIBER OPTIC DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE STATE OF EFFICIENCY OF THE ISOLATED AND GLUED MECHANICAL JOINT OF THE RAIL - Google Patents
FIBER OPTIC DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE STATE OF EFFICIENCY OF THE ISOLATED AND GLUED MECHANICAL JOINT OF THE RAIL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ITLT20110002A1 ITLT20110002A1 IT000002A ITLT20110002A ITLT20110002A1 IT LT20110002 A1 ITLT20110002 A1 IT LT20110002A1 IT 000002 A IT000002 A IT 000002A IT LT20110002 A ITLT20110002 A IT LT20110002A IT LT20110002 A1 ITLT20110002 A1 IT LT20110002A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- rail bracket
- detail
- anvil
- rail
- right rail
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/20—Safety arrangements for preventing or indicating malfunction of the device, e.g. by leakage current, by lightning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
- B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
- B61L23/042—Track changes detection
- B61L23/047—Track or rail movements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
- B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
- B61L23/042—Track changes detection
- B61L23/048—Road bed changes, e.g. road bed erosion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Description
TITOLO TITLE
Dispositivo a fibra ottica per il monitoraggio della stato di efficienza del giunto meccanico isolato e incollato della rotaia Fiber optic device for monitoring the efficiency of the insulated and glued mechanical joint of the rail
DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION
ii trovato à ̈ un dispositivo che si applica sulla rotaia in corrispondenza del giunto meccanico isolato e incollato che unisce due segmenti contigui della rotaia stessa. Tale dispositivo permette di monitorare, in maniera continua, che la distanza che separa i detti segmenti di rotaia non superi un valore di soglia opportunamente predefinito. Il monitoraggio à ̈ ottenuto attraverso un sistema meccanico di rilevamento dello spostamento longitudinale dei due segmenti di rotaia, mentre il segnale di allarme à ̈ generato tramite la rottura della fibra ottica stessa che avviene meccanicamente in conseguenza dei raggiungimento di un determinato valore di soglia della distanza tra i segmenti di rotaia, li segnale di allarme à ̈ genarato dal mancato passaggio di segnale luminoso nella fibra ottica e può essere rilevato da un opportuno sistema dotato di un emettitore ed un ricevitore. The invention is a device which is applied on the rail in correspondence with the isolated and glued mechanical joint which joins two contiguous segments of the rail itself. This device allows to continuously monitor that the distance separating said rail segments does not exceed a suitably predefined threshold value. Monitoring is obtained through a mechanical system for detecting the longitudinal displacement of the two rail segments, while the alarm signal is generated by the breaking of the optical fiber itself which occurs mechanically as a result of reaching a certain distance threshold value. between the rail segments, the alarm signal is generated by the failure of the light signal to pass through the optical fiber and can be detected by a suitable system equipped with an emitter and a receiver.
Problematiche riscontrate Problems encountered
Il giunto meccanico isolato e incollato, che svolge la funzione dì coliegare meccanicamente I diversi segmenti di rotaia che compongono un binario, à ̈ sottoposto a sollecitazioni che possono comportare il degrado del giunto fino alla rottura della rotaia stessa. Più precisamente la ganascia che fa parte del giunto e che viene incollata sulla rotaia, a causa delle sollecitazioni a cui à ̈ sottoposta, può scollarsi dalla rotaia stessa e consentire ai segmenti di rotaia di distanziarsi tra loro. Questo allontanamento sottopone a eccessiva sollecitazione i chiodi di bloccaggio, ì quali possono provocare la rottura della rotaia stessa in corrispondenza dei fori di alloggiamento. The isolated and glued mechanical joint, which performs the function of mechanically joining the different rail segments that make up a track, is subjected to stresses that can lead to degradation of the joint up to the breaking of the rail itself. More precisely, the jaw which is part of the joint and which is glued to the rail, due to the stresses to which it is subjected, can detach itself from the rail itself and allow the rail segments to distance themselves from each other. This removal places excessive stress on the locking nails, which can cause the rail itself to break in correspondence with the housing holes.
Stato della tecnica State of the art
La prevenzione del processo dì degrado del giunto meccanico isolato e incollato come precedentemente descritto, non viene attualmente monitorato se non visivamente, e affrontato attraverso una manutenzione preventiva che consiste nella sostituzione dei giunti a scadenze programmate. Questo comporta che lo stato di efficienza reale dei singoli giunti à ̈ ad oggi sconosciuto essendo difficile rilevare visivamente lo scollaggio della ganascia dalla rotaia ma solo una sua eventuale rottura. The prevention of the deterioration process of the insulated and glued mechanical joint as previously described, is currently not monitored except visually, and addressed through preventive maintenance which consists in replacing the joints at scheduled intervals. This implies that the actual state of efficiency of the single joints is unknown to date as it is difficult to visually detect the detachment of the jaw from the rail but only its eventual breakage.
Soluzioni proposte Proposed solutions
L'utilizzo del dispositivo permette dì avere un monitoraggio sullo stato dei singoli giunti in quanto à ̈ possibile ricevere un allarme qualora la distanza tra i segmenti di rotaia sia di un valore tale da far presupporre lo scollaggio della ganascia del giunto, e quindi mettere in atto una manutenzione preventiva specifica prima della possibile rottura della rotaia. The use of the device allows to have a monitoring of the state of the single joints as it is possible to receive an alarm if the distance between the rail segments is of such a value as to imply the detachment of the jaw of the joint, and therefore specific preventive maintenance is in place before possible rail breakage.
Composizione e funzionamento Composition and operation
Il dispositivo à ̈ costituito da due corpi "staffa rotaia sinistra" (part. n.1 -fig. 1} e "staffa rotaia destra" (pari. n.2 -fig.l) capaci di scorrere l'uno rispetto all'altro in un movimento relativo lungo l'asse longitudinale. The device consists of two bodies "left rail bracket" (part. N.1 -fig. 1} and "right rail bracket" (even. N.2 -fig. the other in a relative movement along the longitudinal axis.
I due corpi sono vincolati alle due estremità dei due segmenti di rotaia contigui per seguirne gli spostamenti relativi rotaie durante tutta la vita del dispositivo. The two bodies are constrained to the two ends of the two contiguous rail segments to follow the relative movements of the rails throughout the life of the device.
II cuore del dispositivo à ̈ la fibra ottica (part. n.5 - fig.1,2), attraversata normalmente da un segnale luminoso prodotto da un emettitore. e letto da un ricevitore. The heart of the device is the optical fiber (part n.5 - fig.1,2), normally crossed by a light signal produced by an emitter. and read by a receiver.
Emettitore e ricevitore sono montati su un'elettronica remotizzata e protetta da agenti esterni. Emitter and receiver are mounted on remote controlled electronics protected from external agents.
Durante il normale funzionamento il ricevitore legge il segnale emesso dall'emettitore. During normal operation, the receiver reads the signal emitted by the emitter.
Una volta superato ìl valore di soglia limite ammesso dì allontanamento delle due rotaie, si genera una forza di compressione sul ramo sacrificale della fibra ottica, tale da provocarne la rottura e la conseguente immediata perdita di segnale ottico. Once the limit threshold value allowed for the separation of the two rails has been exceeded, a compression force is generated on the sacrificial branch of the optical fiber, such as to cause it to break and the consequent immediate loss of the optical signal.
La forza di rottura à ̈ generata dalle forze che si sviluppano tra i due segmenti di rotaia giuntati. The breaking force is generated by the forces that develop between the two joined rail segments.
Queste forze che iniziano a scaricarsi sul sensore solo dopo lo scollamento del giunto, si concentrano su due elementi in acciaio chiamati "Incudine" (part. n.4 - fig.1,2 ) e "Inserto" part. n.5 - fig.1,2 ); essi a loro volta agiscono, grazie alla loro forma appuntita su un punto della fibra provocandone la rottura per compressione del vetro. La compenetrazione dell'inserto all'interno della fibra ottica fino a raggiungere il contatto con il componente "incudine" garantisce la certezza della rottura senza possibilità di inceppamento. These forces, which begin to discharge on the sensor only after the detachment of the joint, are concentrated on two steel elements called "Anvil" (part. N.4 - fig.1,2) and "Insert" part. 5 - fig. 1,2); they in turn act, thanks to their pointed shape on a point of the fiber, causing the glass to break by compression. The interpenetration of the insert inside the optical fiber until it reaches the contact with the "anvil" component guarantees the certainty of breaking without the possibility of jamming.
Nella figura 1 sono disegnati gli elementi che compongono il sensore sopra descritto. Figure 1 shows the elements that make up the sensor described above.
La staffa rotaia sinistra à ̈ vincolata con vari sistemi di fissaggio alla rotaia sinistra. Possono essere utilizzate colle, bulloni o alti sistemi. The left rail bracket is linked with various fastening systems to the left rail. Glues, bolts or other systems can be used.
La staffa rotaia destra à ̈ vincolata alla rotaia destra. The right rail bracket is attached to the right rail.
Il sensore à ̈ montato in questa configurazione sul fungo della rotaia in modo da non interferire con il giunto né con il passaggio del treno. The sensor is mounted in this configuration on the rail head so as not to interfere with the joint or with the passage of the train.
La geometria dei componenti meccanici à ̈ costruita in modo da provocare un avvicinamento degli elementi "Incudine" e "Inserto", vincolati agli elementi staffa, in concomitanza di un allontanamento delle due rotaie. The geometry of the mechanical components is constructed in such a way as to cause an approach of the "Anvil" and "Insert" elements, constrained to the stirrup elements, in conjunction with a separation of the two rails.
La fibra ottica à ̈ montata lasca all'interno del sensore, viene adagiata sulla superficie piana dell'incudine e sistemata tra incudine inserto. The optical fiber is loosely mounted inside the sensor, placed on the flat surface of the anvil and placed between the insert anvil.
Nella presente configurazione la fibra ottica à ̈ disposta ad "U"in modo da avere i connettori dallo stesso lato e facilitare l'innesto all'impianto (part. n. 5 - fig. 2) In the present configuration, the optical fiber is arranged in a "U" shape so as to have the connectors on the same side and facilitate connection to the system (part. N. 5 - fig. 2)
La remotizzazione dell'elettronica e l'assenza di segnale elettrico nelle prossimità del sensore rendono il sistema immune ad eventuali campi elettromagnetici che possono svilupparsi lungo la rotaia. Questo permette una protezione intrinseca del sensore ma anche la possibilità di eliminare falsi positivi. The remote control of the electronics and the absence of an electric signal near the sensor make the system immune to any electromagnetic fields that may develop along the rail. This allows an intrinsic protection of the sensor but also the possibility of eliminating false positives.
Il dispositivo deve avere un sistema di sicurezza in grado di garantire il rilevamento del malfunzionamento nel caso in cui una delle due staffe si svincoli dalla rotaia. Questo evento infatti potrebbe comportare un falso negativo del dispositivo, poiché le rotaia potrebbero allontanarsi a piacimento senza che il sensore di allarme. Nella fig.x à ̈ descritto un sistema composto da due supermagneti che esercitano tra di loro una forza repulsiva tale da, in caso di svincolameno di uno delle due staffe dalla rotaia, determinare l'allontanamento repentino dei due corpi e la conseguente rottura della fibra ottica. Il sistema a supermagneti può essere sostituito con un sistema a molle di sicurezza che verranno caricate durante le fase di montaggio e rimarranno armate per tutta la vita del dispositivo. Nel caso in cui uno dei due vincoli ceda, le molle attiveranno il sensore fino a provocarne lo stato OFF. The device must have a safety system capable of guaranteeing the detection of the malfunction in the event that one of the two brackets is released from the rail. This event could in fact cause a false negative of the device, since the rail could move away at will without the alarm sensor. In fig.x a system composed of two supermagnets is described which exert a repulsive force between them such as to cause, in case of release of one of the two brackets from the rail, to cause the sudden removal of the two bodies and the consequent breakage of the fiber optics. The super magnet system can be replaced with a safety spring system which will be loaded during the assembly phase and will remain armed for the life of the device. In the event that one of the two constraints yields, the springs will activate the sensor until it becomes OFF.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000002A ITLT20110002A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2011-05-05 | FIBER OPTIC DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE STATE OF EFFICIENCY OF THE ISOLATED AND GLUED MECHANICAL JOINT OF THE RAIL |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000002A ITLT20110002A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2011-05-05 | FIBER OPTIC DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE STATE OF EFFICIENCY OF THE ISOLATED AND GLUED MECHANICAL JOINT OF THE RAIL |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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ITLT20110002A1 true ITLT20110002A1 (en) | 2011-08-04 |
Family
ID=44898677
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IT000002A ITLT20110002A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2011-05-05 | FIBER OPTIC DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE STATE OF EFFICIENCY OF THE ISOLATED AND GLUED MECHANICAL JOINT OF THE RAIL |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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IT (1) | ITLT20110002A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5330136A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-07-19 | Union Switch & Signal Inc. | Railway coded track circuit apparatus and method utilizing fiber optic sensing |
DE19940549C1 (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2001-01-18 | Siemens Ag | Method of monitoring a route for a vehicle on a track, esp. a railway or magnetic levitation vehicle, enables simple, high sensitivity monitoring |
WO2006032307A1 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2006-03-30 | Deutsche Bahn Ag | Diagnosis and state monitoring of junctions, crossings or crossroads and rail joints and track inhomogeneities by means of a rail vehicle |
DE102009003457A1 (en) * | 2009-02-09 | 2010-08-12 | Edilon) (Sedra Gmbh | Rail track i.e. fixed track, for railway vehicle, has rail track section including deformation sensor e.g. optical sensor, which is connected to evaluation device for producing safety-warning signal |
-
2011
- 2011-05-05 IT IT000002A patent/ITLT20110002A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5330136A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-07-19 | Union Switch & Signal Inc. | Railway coded track circuit apparatus and method utilizing fiber optic sensing |
DE19940549C1 (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2001-01-18 | Siemens Ag | Method of monitoring a route for a vehicle on a track, esp. a railway or magnetic levitation vehicle, enables simple, high sensitivity monitoring |
WO2006032307A1 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2006-03-30 | Deutsche Bahn Ag | Diagnosis and state monitoring of junctions, crossings or crossroads and rail joints and track inhomogeneities by means of a rail vehicle |
DE102009003457A1 (en) * | 2009-02-09 | 2010-08-12 | Edilon) (Sedra Gmbh | Rail track i.e. fixed track, for railway vehicle, has rail track section including deformation sensor e.g. optical sensor, which is connected to evaluation device for producing safety-warning signal |
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