EP1789834A1 - Dispositif pour realiser la representation tridimensionnelle vraisemblable ou bidimensionnelle d'images - Google Patents

Dispositif pour realiser la representation tridimensionnelle vraisemblable ou bidimensionnelle d'images

Info

Publication number
EP1789834A1
EP1789834A1 EP05784222A EP05784222A EP1789834A1 EP 1789834 A1 EP1789834 A1 EP 1789834A1 EP 05784222 A EP05784222 A EP 05784222A EP 05784222 A EP05784222 A EP 05784222A EP 1789834 A1 EP1789834 A1 EP 1789834A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
scattering layer
scattering
filter array
display device
image display
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05784222A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Tzschoppe
Markus Klippstein
Thomas BRÜGGERT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
X3D Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
X3D Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by X3D Technologies GmbH filed Critical X3D Technologies GmbH
Publication of EP1789834A1 publication Critical patent/EP1789834A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/356—Image reproducers having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H04N13/359—Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for optionally three-dimensionally perceptible or two-dimensional representation of images.
  • electronically controllable color LCD panels are used, among other things, which, when activated in the conventional manner, are also suitable for two-dimensional image reproduction.
  • the spatial autostereoscopic display which follows due to the strong Spatial impression is also referred to as a three-dimensional representation
  • This is particularly relevant for the legibility of texts, since the image quality in the two-dimensional operating mode is better due to the higher image resolution.
  • WO 01/56265 describes a method for spatial representation in which at least one wavelength filter array provides a spatially perceptible representation.
  • an LCD panel acts as a wavelength filter array with a variable degree of transmission. A switchover between 2D and 3D representation is thus achieved.
  • the disadvantage here is that the light through two LCD panels, i.e. through a variety of components, e.g. Polarization filters, liquid crystal layers and other components such as carrier substrates must penetrate so that the brightness is reduced both in the 2D and in the 3D representation.
  • No. 6,157,424 describes a 2D / 3D display in which two LCD panels are connected in series and one of them serves as a switchable barrier.
  • WO 02/35277 describes a 3D display with a substrate which contains strips of first optical properties and intermediate strips of second optical properties and a polarizer.
  • 2D / 3D switching is achieved by rotating the polarization or by adding or deleting a polarizer.
  • a 2D / 3D switchable display is also known from US Pat. No. 6,337,721.
  • Several light sources, a lenticular and at least one functionally essential switchable lens are provided. These components ensure different lighting modes to achieve a 2D or 3D display.
  • US Pat. No. 5,897,184 discloses an autostereoscopic display with a reduced-thickness lighting component for portable computer systems, which enables zone-by-zone switching from 3D to 2D and vice versa.
  • the disadvantage here is that it is a two-channel 3D display for only one viewer, who must also be in a fixed viewing position.
  • the image brightness in 3D mode is lower than that of comparable two-channel 3D displays. This relates to such 3D displays that show exactly one left and exactly one right image.
  • strong and disruptive moiré effects can be perceived when the viewing positions are not correctly selected in depth in front of the 3D display.
  • the 2D mode the light available for the 3D mode is scattered with the aim of eliminating the 3D image separation by homogenizing the lighting.
  • the brightness of the image is thus reduced in the 2D mode in the case of arrangements with a switchable lens, since the scattering state of such lenses has a transmittance less than 1 (for example about 50%).
  • the device can only be produced with a high level of production technology.
  • Another disadvantage is that by inserting a switchable lens, the distance between the lighting component and the image display panel is increased, which prevents normal viewing distances, particularly in the case of 3D displays with small pixels and / or high resolution.
  • US Pat. No. 5,134,345 describes a lighting system for high-resolution and 3D displays, which initially generates lighting patterns that are determined sequentially (stroboscopically).
  • a further embodiment provides a spreading disc which can be switched between transparent and scattering modes and which is switched to scattering for the 2D mode.
  • US 5,500,765 describes how the effect of a lenticular can be canceled if a complementary lens arrangement is folded over it. As a result, the 3D representation is virtually switched off. This approach only works with lenticular systems and requires the production of an exactly complementary lens arrangement. Other disadvantages are the sensitivity to dust and increased reflection losses.
  • DE 1 00 53 868 C2 describes an arrangement for optionally 2D or 3D representation with two light sources, the 3D representation for the 2D representation being
  • JP 1 0268805 is based on the task of achieving a bright 2D image and an equal brightness in 2D and 3D display. This is aimed at by using a lenticular screen as an illumination barrier, which is located behind an image generator. Furthermore, a weakly scattering disc for temporary cancellation of the lens effect is movably arranged there.
  • the disadvantage here is that inherently a light source is required for light directed in parallel, so that in the strict sense no 3D viewing space, but only a single fixed 3D viewing position can exist. Furthermore, a complicated light guide in the "side light mode" used there is necessary for parallel light radiation. With an additional “parallelization structure" on the opposite side of the coupling-out side of the light guide, i. A complicated and expensive "side light” would also be required on the surface of the light guide on the observer side. Because of the optical lenticular method, for example, the foci would not lie in one plane of the diffuser in the case of oblique parallel illumination. In the case of a 3D display, this would result in different blurring, particularly when viewed obliquely .
  • a 3D / 2D switchover with "diffusing means” is provided.
  • the 3D / 2D display contains additional “converting means” compared to a pure 3D display, these "converting means” exist in “the second condition", with which the 2D mode is meant here, from “diffusing means”, which are intended to produce a 2D representation in various ways.
  • a lens grid is preferably used for image separation.
  • the image-separating lenticular screen is intended to serve as a “light-scattering” component by being brought closer to the imager.
  • the lenticular screen itself is neither designed to be light-scattering on its convex or flat surface nor in its interior.
  • the scattering effect should occur in the lens grid itself however, the scattering layer has a finite distance from the image generator and the distance from the image separator is virtually 0 mm. Consequently, the scattering layer must deteriorate the 2D image on the image generator and cannot cancel out the image-separating effect of the lenticular grid Mode displayed text illegible, furthermore, the ambient light suitability of conventional 2D displays is not achieved.
  • the arrangement In 3D mode, the arrangement is intended to present several observers simultaneously with a spatially perceptible image. In 2D mode, an image that is as high-resolution as possible, particularly preferably a full-resolution image, should be able to be displayed. Furthermore, it should be possible to realize the usual 3D viewing distances even with a high resolution of the underlying image display device. In addition, arrangements according to the invention are intended to achieve the same ambient light suitability as conventional 2D displays of the same brightness.
  • an arrangement for three-dimensionally perceptible or two-dimensional representation of images comprising - an image display device with a plurality of image elements which, in a predetermined association, represent information from one or more views of a scene / object / text a filter array arranged behind the image display device in the direction of view of an observer and comprising a multiplicity of wavelength filter elements which are transmissive in certain wavelength ranges, a first scattering layer arranged behind the image display device and in front of the filter array in the viewing direction of the viewer, which can optionally be switched between a transparent state and a scattering state, a second scattering layer arranged in the viewing direction of an observer in front of and directly on the image display device, which is preferably an anti - Glare matting corresponds, the filter elements being arranged such that, in the transparent state of the first scattering layer, predefined directions of propagation are predefined for the light emitted by the image display device, which are essentially uninfluenced by the second scattering layer, so that
  • the image display device represents information from several views of a scene / object / text if the first scattering layer is in the transparent state (3D mode). If, on the other hand, the first scattering layer is in the scattering state, the image display device represents information from a view of a scene / object / text (2D mode).
  • the image display device can be an LC display panel, preferably a color LC display panel.
  • LC display panel preferably a color LC display panel.
  • transmissive image reproduction devices can also be used.
  • Said first and second group of views can each comprise one or more views.
  • an observation location for one eye for example, only information from a view or predominantly information from a view (for example over 60 percent, the remaining 40% information comes from one or more further views) can be visible.
  • information from exclusively or predominantly exactly two views to be observation location are visible. Since the viewer places his two eyes at different observation locations, he thus regularly perceives information from different groups of views with them, which enables him to make a three-dimensional impression. The same applies to possible other viewers.
  • the structuring of the light passing through the filter array is reduced compared to the first state, preferably below the contrast threshold of human vision, so that a two-dimensional image and / or text now displayed is visible in full resolution is.
  • the second scattering layer arranged in the viewing direction of an observer and directly on the image display device, which preferably corresponds to an anti-glare matting, acts according to the invention as an amplifier of the above-described scattering effect.
  • This property of the arrangement according to the invention has several advantages. On the one hand, the requirement for the first scattering layer (in its scattering state) can be reduced, i.e. only a reduced haze value is required in comparison to (congenial) arrangements which are not equipped with the second scattering layer.
  • the distance between the filter array and the first scattering layer can also be reduced (with an undiminished haze of the first scattering layer in the scattering state), since the second scattering layer cancels out the residual visibility of the structure of the filter array that may occur due to the aforementioned reduction in distance ( scattered).
  • This enables a low overall depth of the arrangement and also a small distance between the filter array and the image display device.
  • the latter is particularly advantageous if the usual viewing distances are to be realized in high-resolution image display devices for the 3D display.
  • the second scattering layer is not attached at the front and on the image display device, but is located at a different location in the optical beam path, e.g. between the first scattering layer and the image display device.
  • the filter array is preferably designed as a passive filter, for example as an exposed and developed photographic film or as a printed color.
  • the individual filter elements of the filter array each have any, preferably a rectangular outline.
  • the filter array can be applied (laminated, printed, etc.) to a transparent substrate.
  • the filter array preferably contains only those filter elements that are either opaque or transparent in the entire spectrum of visible light.
  • an illumination device is arranged behind the filter array in the viewing direction of an observer, which illuminates light distributed over a surface area.
  • the brightness of the lighting device is preferably changeable, if possible between at least two values. This makes it possible, for example, to set the brightness to a lower value (e.g. 50% based on the surface luminance) during the transparent state of the first scattering layer than during the scattering state of the first scattering layer. This has the advantage that the viewer or viewers is offered approximately the same brightness of the displayed image in both states of the first scattering layer.
  • the first and the second scattering layer are preferably arranged at an invariable, defined distance from one another.
  • the first scattering layer is applied directly on the back of an LCD panel (which corresponds to the image display device) and the second scattering layer is applied as a conventional antiglare matting on the front of the said LCD panel.
  • the distance between the two scattering layers would thus correspond approximately to the thickness of the LCD panel.
  • the first scattering layer can be, for example, a PDLC film (manufacturer: Innoptec Rovereto / Italy).
  • the arrangement according to the invention also comprises control electronics which switch the first scattering layer to the transparent or the scattering state in response to an electrical or electronic input signal.
  • control electronics which switch the first scattering layer to the transparent or the scattering state in response to an electrical or electronic input signal.
  • This makes it possible for the arrangement to be quasi-automatically depending on the image content to be displayed, 2D or 3D images, in the corresponding mode (2D or 3D).
  • a 1-bit control signal for example, plus or minus 6 volts, 0 or 1 2 volts
  • the first scattering layer is set in the scattering state; if the low level is present, the first scattering layer is set to the transparent state.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an arrangement according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an arrangement according to the invention, the first scattering layer here being in the transparent state
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic diagram of an arrangement according to the invention, the first scattering layer here being in the scattering state.
  • Fig.l an arrangement according to the invention for three-dimensionally perceptible or two-dimensional representation of images is shown in a schematic diagram.
  • This comprises - an image display device 1 with a plurality of image elements, which in a predetermined assignment represent information from one or more views of a scene / object / text, a filter array 2 arranged behind the image display device 1 in the viewing direction B of a viewer, which has a plurality of comprises wavelength filter elements which are transmissive in certain wavelength ranges, a first scattering layer 3 which is arranged in the viewing direction B of the viewer behind the image display device 1 and in front of the filter array 2 and which can optionally be switched between a transparent state and a scattering state, a second scattering layer 4 arranged in the viewing direction B of a viewer in front of and directly on the image reproduction device 1, which preferably corresponds to an anti-glare matting, the filter elements being arranged such that - in the transparent state of the first scattering layer 3 for that of the image reproduction device 1 emitted light defined
  • Propagation directions are predefined, which are essentially unaffected by the second scattering layer 4, so that at a multiplicity of first observation locations information from a first group of views predominantly or exclusively and at a multiplicity of second ones
  • Observation locations are predominantly or exclusively perceptible information from a second group of views, and in the scattering state of the first scattering layer 3 the structuring of the light passing through the filter array 2 is reduced compared to the first state.
  • a transparent glass substrate 5 which is also applied to the filter array 2.
  • an illumination device 6 is arranged behind the filter array 2, which emits light distributed over a surface area.
  • the brightness of the lighting device 6 can preferably be changed between at least two values. It is thus possible to set the brightness to a lower value (for example 50% based on the surface luminance) during the transparent state of the first scattering layer 3 than during the scattering state of the first scattering layer 3.
  • the image display device 1 is, for example an LC display panel, such as the TFT-LCD panel of a standard ViewSo ⁇ nic VX900 device.
  • the 3D mode of the arrangement is shown in Fig.2.
  • the light radiated by the lighting device 6 is structured by the filter array 2 and passes virtually without influencing the first scattering layer 3, which is in the transparent state, and subsequently the image reproduction device 1 and the second scattering layer 4.
  • This image reproduction device 1 represents in FIG Predefined assignment Information from several views of a scene / object / text when the first scattering layer 3 is in the transparent state (3D mode).
  • the assignment of information from one or more views of a scene / object / text to the multitude of picture elements takes place in a suitable manner, in particular according to the teaching of one or more of the abovementioned fonts.
  • the image display device 1 represents information from only one view of a scene / an object / a text (2D mode).
  • the structuring of the light passing through the filter array 2 is reduced compared to the first state, preferably below the contrast threshold of human vision, so that a two-dimensional image and / or text now displayed is in full Resolution is visible.
  • the second scattering layer 4 arranged in the direction of view of a viewer and directly on the image display device 1, which preferably corresponds to an anti-glare matting, acts according to the invention as an amplifier of the above-described scattering effect.
  • This property of the arrangement according to the invention has several advantages.
  • the requirement for the first scattering layer 3 (in its scattering state) can be reduced, i.e. in comparison to (conceptual) arrangements which are not equipped with the second scattering layer 4, only a reduced haze value is required.
  • the distance between the filter array 2 and the first scattering layer 3 can also be reduced (with the haze of the first scattering layer undiminished in the scattering state), since the second scattering layer 4 cancels out the residual visibility of the structure of the filter array 2 that may occur due to the aforementioned reduction in distance ( scattered).
  • a small overall depth of the arrangement and also a small distance between the filter array 2 and the image reproduction device 1 are thus possible. The latter is particularly advantageous if the usual viewing distances are to be realized in high-resolution image display devices 1 for the 3D display.
  • the filter array 2 is preferably designed as a passive filter, for example as an exposed and developed photographic film or as a printed color. Show the individual filter elements of the filter array 2 each have an arbitrary, preferably a rectangular outline. For example, the filter array can be applied (laminated, printed, etc.) to a transparent substrate.
  • the filter array 2 preferably contains only those filter elements that are either opaque or transparent in the entire spectrum of visible light.
  • the first and second scattering layers 3, 4 are arranged at an invariable, defined distance from one another.
  • the first scattering layer 3 is applied directly on the back of an LCD panel (which corresponds to the image display device 1) and the second scattering layer 4 is applied as a conventional anti-glare matting on the front of the said LCD panel.
  • the distance between the two scattering layers 3, 4 thus corresponds approximately to the thickness of the LCD panel.
  • the first scattering layer 3 is, for example, a PDLC film (manufacturer: Innoptec Rovereto / Italy).
  • the arrangement according to the invention also includes control electronics (not shown in the drawing), which switches the first scattering layer 3 to the transparent or the scattering state in response to an electrical input signal.
  • control electronics not shown in the drawing
  • a 1-bit control signal e.g. plus or minus 6 volts, 0 or 1 2 volts
  • the first scattering layer 3 is set in the scattering state; if the low level is present, then the first scattering layer 3 is brought into the transparent state.
  • the invention offers several advantages. First of all, an arrangement of the type mentioned at the beginning can be produced using simple means, more precisely with almost exclusively commercially available assemblies. Furthermore, the inventive principle enables the creation of such 2D / 3D screens which offer the usual 3D viewing distances even with high resolution of the underlying image display device. Furthermore, the requirements for the first scattering layer are reduced. In addition, the arrangement according to the invention achieves the same ambient light suitability as conventional 2D displays of the same brightness when the second scattering layer is designed as an anti-glare matting.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Blocking Light For Cameras (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif pour réaliser la représentation tridimensionnelle vraisemblable ou bidimensionnelle d'images. Les dispositifs de l'invention comprennent: un dispositif de restitution d'image (1) comprenant une pluralité d'éléments d'image qui représentent dans un ordre prédéterminé des informations issues d'une ou de plusieurs vues d'une scène/d'un objet/d'un texte; un réseau de filtrage (2) disposé en aval du dispositif de restitution d'image (1), dans la direction (B) du regard d'un observateur; une première couche de diffusion (3) disposée en aval du dispositif de restitution d'image (1) et en amont du réseau de filtrage (2), dans la direction (B) du regard de l'observateur, ladite première couche de diffusion pouvant passer d'un état transparent à un état de diffusion, et inversement; une seconde couche de diffusion (4) disposée en amont du dispositif de restitution d'image (1), dans la direction (B) du regard de l'observateur, et directement sur ledit dispositif, ladite seconde couche de diffusion correspondant de préférence à un matage antireflets. Selon l'invention, les éléments filtrants sont disposés de sorte que, lorsque la première couche de diffusion (3) se trouve dans son état transparent pour la lumière qui est émise par le dispositif de restitution d'image (1), des directions de propagation définies sont prédéterminées, celles-ci étant sensiblement non influencées par la seconde couche de diffusion (4), et lorsque la première couche de diffusion (3) se trouve dans son état de diffusion, la structuration de la lumière qui traverse le réseau de filtrage (2), est limitée par rapport au premier état.
EP05784222A 2004-09-13 2005-09-01 Dispositif pour realiser la representation tridimensionnelle vraisemblable ou bidimensionnelle d'images Withdrawn EP1789834A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004044802A DE102004044802A1 (de) 2004-09-13 2004-09-13 Anordnung zur wahlweise dreidimensional wahrnehmbaren oder zweidimensionalen Darstellung von Bildern
PCT/EP2005/009405 WO2006029716A1 (fr) 2004-09-13 2005-09-01 Dispositif pour realiser la representation tridimensionnelle vraisemblable ou bidimensionnelle d'images

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1789834A1 true EP1789834A1 (fr) 2007-05-30

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05784222A Withdrawn EP1789834A1 (fr) 2004-09-13 2005-09-01 Dispositif pour realiser la representation tridimensionnelle vraisemblable ou bidimensionnelle d'images

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (2) US20080297670A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1789834A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008512709A (fr)
KR (1) KR20070083671A (fr)
CN (1) CN101069116A (fr)
AU (1) AU2005284412A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2579947A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004044802A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL181769A0 (fr)
MX (1) MX2007002993A (fr)
RU (1) RU2007112677A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006029716A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200702088B (fr)

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US7978407B1 (en) 2009-06-27 2011-07-12 Holovisions LLC Holovision (TM) 3D imaging with rotating light-emitting members
US8587498B2 (en) 2010-03-01 2013-11-19 Holovisions LLC 3D image display with binocular disparity and motion parallax
CN102360094B (zh) * 2011-10-10 2013-12-04 孔令华 一种滤光薄膜和滤光薄膜装置及其制备方法
TW201326982A (zh) * 2011-12-29 2013-07-01 Ind Tech Res Inst 顯示裝置
EP3470892A3 (fr) * 2017-10-11 2019-07-17 Agc Inc. Écran transparent

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102004044802A1 (de) 2006-03-30
ZA200702088B (en) 2008-06-25
IL181769A0 (en) 2007-07-04
WO2006029716A1 (fr) 2006-03-23
JP2008512709A (ja) 2008-04-24
RU2007112677A (ru) 2008-10-20
CA2579947A1 (fr) 2006-03-23
AU2005284412A1 (en) 2006-03-23
CN101069116A (zh) 2007-11-07
MX2007002993A (es) 2007-10-08
KR20070083671A (ko) 2007-08-24
US20080297670A1 (en) 2008-12-04
AU2005284412A2 (en) 2006-03-23
US20120081366A1 (en) 2012-04-05

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