WO2003007620A1 - Affichage couleur autostereoscopique - Google Patents

Affichage couleur autostereoscopique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003007620A1
WO2003007620A1 PCT/IB2002/002878 IB0202878W WO03007620A1 WO 2003007620 A1 WO2003007620 A1 WO 2003007620A1 IB 0202878 W IB0202878 W IB 0202878W WO 03007620 A1 WO03007620 A1 WO 03007620A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display
diffusing
display panel
autostereoscopic
colour
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2002/002878
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Cees Van Berkel
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB0116873.1A external-priority patent/GB0116873D0/en
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority to JP2003513254A priority Critical patent/JP2004534972A/ja
Priority to KR10-2003-7003443A priority patent/KR20030036765A/ko
Priority to EP02747634A priority patent/EP1413149A1/fr
Publication of WO2003007620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003007620A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/31—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/324—Colour aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/356—Image reproducers having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H04N13/359—Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/361—Reproducing mixed stereoscopic images; Reproducing mixed monoscopic and stereoscopic images, e.g. a stereoscopic image overlay window on a monoscopic image background
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/286—Image signal generators having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/349—Multi-view displays for displaying three or more geometrical viewpoints without viewer tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/398—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2213/00—Details of stereoscopic systems
    • H04N2213/001—Constructional or mechanical details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to colour autostereoscopic display apparatus, and more particularly colour autostereoscopic display apparatus comprising autostereoscopic display means for displaying a stereoscopic image and converting means which is selectively operable with said display means such that in a first condition the apparatus displays a stereoscopic image and in a second condition said converting means optically succeeds said display means enabling a two dimensional image to be perceived.
  • a stereoscopic image is one that can be viewed in three dimensions.
  • An object displayed in this way can be perceived to possess depth when viewed from varying angles. It may be necessary for the viewer to wear special glasses in order to view the image in three dimensions.
  • An autostereoscopic display is one in which special glasses are not required.
  • autostereoscopic displays comprise a matrix liquid crystal display (LCD) panel comprising an array of display elements arranged in horizontal rows and vertical columns.
  • the display elements are used to modulate light directed therethrough from a light source. This can be done by applying controllable electric fields across the individual display elements and thus forming an image on the overall array.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • Display elements can be grouped together where each sub-pixel in the group modulates light of a different colour. This can be done with the addition of respective colour filters. In this way, colour images can be built up.
  • Each group of sub-pixels forms a pixel.
  • the sub-pixels within a triplet can be arranged in a variety of ways. A common example of such an arrangement is where the sub-pixels are positioned contiguously in the horizontal row direction.
  • Colour LCDs as described above, are well known in the art and are used in many different display applications, for example computer display screens for presenting information in two dimensional form.
  • Autostereoscopic display apparatus further comprise means for directing the output light from the array of display elements such that the image viewed at a given point on the display panel is dependent on the viewing angle.
  • the right eye of the viewer will see a different view to that seen by the left eye. In this way, the perception of depth within the display is achieved.
  • a lenticular sheet for example in the form of a moulded or machined sheet of polymer material, overlies the output side of the display panel with its lenticular elements, comprising (semi) cylindrical lens elements, extending in the column direction with each lenticular element being associated with a respective group of two, or more, adjacent columns of display elements and extending parallel with the display element columns.
  • the display panel is driven to display a composite image comprising two 2-D sub-images vertically interleaved, with alternate columns of display elements displaying the two images, and the display elements in each column providing a vertical slice of the respective 2-D (sub) image.
  • the lenticular sheet directs these two slices, and corresponding slices from the display element columns associated with the other lenticules, to the left and right eyes respectively of a viewer in front of the sheet so that, with the sub-images having appropriate binocular disparity, the viewer perceives a single stereoscopic image.
  • each lenticule is associated with a group of more than two adjacent display elements in the row direction and corresponding columns of display elements in each group are arranged appropriately to provide a vertical slice from a respective 2-D (sub-) image, then as a viewer's head moves a series of successive, different, stereoscopic views are perceived for creating, for example, a look-around impression.
  • the lenticular screen In view of the need for the lenticular elements to be accurately aligned with the display pixels, it is customary for the lenticular screen to be mounted over the display panel in a permanent manner so that the position of the lenticular elements is fixed in relation to the array of pixels.
  • Autostereoscopic display apparatus of this kind can be used for various applications, for example in medical imaging, virtual reality, games and CAD fields.
  • a known disadvantage with the above described autostereoscopic display is that the resulting stereoscopic image suffers a reduced resolution in the horizontal row direction. This is due to the pairing (or grouping) of adjacent columns of display elements. As a result, small, font text displayed on a 3-D autostereoscopic display can be difficult to interpret.
  • a display that is convertible between a 2-D and a 3-D mode can be used. It is known to implement a converting means to change the apparatus between a 3-D display mode and a 2-D display mode.
  • US-A-5500765 discloses such a convertible 2-D/3-D autostereoscopic display for a convex lenticular lens based autostereoscopic display as described above.
  • a lens sheet is positioned over and in direct contact with the lenticular sheet such that the optical directional action caused by the lenticular sheet is cancelled out and thus a 2-D image can be perceived.
  • One problem associated with such a display is the requirement that the lens sheet must be accurately aligned and in intimate contact with the lenticular elements in order for it to be effective.
  • a complementary alignment structure is needed in order to ensure that the apparatus works effectively and this adds cost to the manufacture of the apparatus.
  • a colour display apparatus of the kind described in the opening paragraph wherein the converting means in the second condition comprises diffusing means.
  • diffusing means such that it optically succeeds the autostereoscopic display means a two dimensional image can be perceived by a viewer.
  • the converting means can be changed between two conditions such that the colour autostereoscopic display apparatus is capable of operating in a 3-D mode or a 2-D mode respectively.
  • the 3-D mode the converting means is arranged to allow the light output from the autostereoscopic means to pass to a viewer substantially unaltered such that a. stereoscopic image may be perceived.
  • the converting means comprises diffusing means located in front of the autostereoscopic display means so that the pixels previously visible only to left and right eyes individually are now mixed allowing the same display information to be received by both eyes of that viewer.
  • the apparatus can be used for colour 3-D stereoscopic displays and 2-D displays of higher resolution merely by selectively operating the converting means between a first and a second condition. Alignment of the diffusing means relative to the autostereoscopic display means is not critical, unlike the aforementioned display apparatus in which accurate alignment is essential. The invention thus offers the significant advantage of enabling the easy operation, by a user, of the colour display apparatus without the need for accurate alignment of the converting means where the same apparatus is used for both high resolution 2-D and 3-D display purposes.
  • colour autostereoscopic display apparatus comprising autostereoscopic display means for displaying a stereoscopic image comprising a matrix display panel for producing a display at its output side and having an array of display elements, and directing means for directing the outputs from respective groups of display elements in mutually different directions and diffusing means overlying the output side of the matrix display panel for converting the stereoscopic image to a 2-D image.
  • the autostereoscopic display means comprises a matrix display panel, preferably a liquid crystal (LC) matrix display panel having a row and column array of display elements.
  • the rows of display elements are addressed in sequence with video data to build up an image on the array of display elements.
  • Adjacent display elements are preferably grouped together to form pixels.
  • Each display element, or sub- pixel, within a pixel preferably transmits light of a respective, different, colour and thus a colour image can be displayed on the panel.
  • a colour display is normally achieved by means of an array of red, green and blue, filters overlying and aligned with the array of display elements.
  • the colour filters are arranged as strips extending parallel to the display element columns so that three adjacent columns of display elements are associated with red, green and blue filters respectively, the pattern being repeated across the array so that every third column displays the same colour, for example, red.
  • the matrix display panel preferably comprises an LCD panel
  • other kinds of display panels could be used, for example electroluminescent or gas plasma display panels.
  • the sub-pixels within the pixel are aligned contiguously in the row direction, it is envisaged that other arrangements could be used, for example a so-called “delta" configuration, as described in the aforementioned US-A-6,064,424.
  • the invention allows the use of a conventional form of colour LC matrix display panel, having regularly spaced, aligned, rows and columns of display elements, to be used. In particular, changes to the display element layout are not required.
  • the autostereoscopic display means further comprises an array of elongate lenticular elements extending parallel to one another overlying the matrix display panel.
  • This array is preferably disposed over the output side of the matrix display panel.
  • Each lenticular element is associated with two or more columns of display elements in order to direct the output light in such a way so that a stereoscopic image may be perceived.
  • the lenticular elements can be slanted with respect to the columns as also described in US-A-6,064,424.
  • the autostereoscopic display means preferably comprises an array of elongate lenticular elements, it is envisaged that other means known in the art for producing the stereoscopic effect could be implemented, for example a parallax barrier.
  • the diffusing means preferably comprises a diffusing sheet selectably moveable to a position overlying the autostereoscopic display means and for this purpose may, for example, be pivotally mounted near the periphery of the matrix display panel. The display apparatus can then be changed from a 3-D mode to a 2-D mode simply by positioning the diffusing sheet in front of the display panel.
  • An important advantage of the invention is that the diffusing sheet can merely be located in front of the display panel without the need for accurate alignment within a plane parallel to the display panel unlike the arrangement of US-A- 5,500,765, in which the converting means must be aligned accurately with the row and column array in order to allow 2-D viewing.
  • a further important advantage of the invention is that, ordinarily, the cost of manufacturing a diffusing sheet is significantly less than that of, say, manufacturing a lens sheet custom-made for a particular display panel as in US-A-5,500,765. Moreover, a user wishing to replace a damaged diffusing sheet will find it easier, quicker and cheaper than replacing a lens sheet.
  • the diffusing means is preferably positioned in front of the display panel when in the 2-D display mode, it is envisaged that it can be located between, and in close proximity to, the display panel and the directing means.
  • the diffusing means comprises an electrically switchable light diffusing layer device. This is positioned in front of the array of display elements.
  • An example of such a device comprises droplets of LC encapsulated within a polymer matrix layer and is commonly referred to as a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) device. Examples of PDLC devices are described in EP 0088126.
  • a further advantage of this embodiment is that the diffusing means can be permanently mounted over the display panel so as to keep the boundary between the two surfaces clear of dust particles.
  • the switchable layer may be arranged to be switched between the two modes as a whole. Alternatively, it may be switched in part only, such that a higher resolution 2-D display is obtained for example from one half of the display area, or in discrete portions of its area which constitute individually switchable windows enabling 3-D and 2-D displays to be provided simultaneously on one display panel. This can be achieved simply by providing separate electrodes whose areas define, for example, the windows to which the electrical potentials for switching can be applied individually and selectively.
  • the autostereoscopic display means comprises an array of elongate lenticular elements overlying the display panel, as hereinbefore described, wherein the lenticular array comprises an electrically switchable light diffusing layer.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a known form of autostereoscopic display means including an array of elongate lenticular elements;
  • Figure 2 is a plan schematic view of part of the autostereoscopic display means of Figure 1 illustrating how two views are provided;
  • Figures 3A and 3B are schematic plan views of part of the array of display elements in the autostereoscopic display means of Figure 1 illustrating the reduction in resolution when employing, for example, a two view system as shown in figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of colour autostereoscopic display apparatus according to the invention.
  • Figures 5A and 5B show schematically the effect of diffusing means on the directionality of the output light;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic plan view of part of the array of display elements illustrating the recovery of resolution according to the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the invention using a pivotally mounted diffusing means
  • Figure 8 is a schematic perspective view of still another embodiment of the invention using an electrically switchable light diffusing layer
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment using a lenticular array comprising an electrically switchable light diffusing layer;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing yet another embodiment using a lenticular array comprising an electrically switchable light diffusing layer; and, Figure 11 illustrates a modified form of the electrically switchable light diffusing layer.
  • Figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale. In particular, certain dimensions have been exaggerated whilst others have been reduced.
  • the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to indicate the same or similar parts.
  • FIG 1 shows schematically a known form of colour autostereoscopic display means, 10, and the general construction and operating principles of such a display means will first be discussed with reference also to Figures 2 and 3.
  • the autostereoscopic display 10 comprises a conventional active colour matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD) panel 11 used as a spatial light modulator and having a planar array of display elements 12 arranged in aligned rows and columns perpendicular to one another.
  • the display elements are shown schematically with only a comparatively few in each row and column for simplicity.
  • the display panel 1 1 is illuminated by a light source 14 which can be of any suitable kind and in this example comprises a planar back-light co-extensive with the area of the display element array.
  • a lenticular sheet 15 providing an array of elongate, parallel, lenticular elements 16.
  • the lenticular elements 16 comprise optically cylindrically converging lenticules, for example formed as convex cylindrical lenses which extend parallel to the columns of display elements and serve in a known manner to provide separate images, which are generated in the array of the display panel 1 1 in a vertically interleaved fashion, to the two eyes of a viewer facing the side of the lenticular sheet 15 remote from the display panel 1 1 so that a stereoscopic, or 3-D, image can be perceived.
  • Autostereoscopic display apparatus using lenticular sheets in conjunction with matrix display panels are well known and it is not thought necessary to describe here in detail their operation. Examples of such apparatus and their operation are described in the aforementioned papers by C.
  • Each lenticular element 16 may overlie a respective group of two, three, or more, adjacent columns of sub-pixels, to provide a corresponding number of views.
  • Each lenticular element provides a spatially discrete output beam from each of the associated pixel columns in mutually different, angular directions.
  • the display panel is driven so that a narrow vertical slice of a 2-D (sub) image is produced by each column of sub-pixels with the display produced comprising a plurality of interleaved 2-D (sub) images which are to be seen by the left and right eye respectively of a viewer.
  • Each lenticular element 16 thus provides a plurality of output beams, one from each of its associated columns of sub-pixels, whose optical axes are in mutually different directions and angularly spread around the longitudinal axis of the lenticular element.
  • 2-D image information applied to respective columns of display elements then to a viewer whose eyes receive different ones of the beams a 3-D image is perceived.
  • each lenticular element being associated with a plurality of several sub-pixel columns then different stereoscopic images can be viewed as the viewer's head moves in the row direction.
  • the lenticular elements are usually substantially aligned with the sub-pixel columns, they could instead be slanted slightly with respect to the columns as described in US-A-6,064,424.
  • Figure 2 illustrates, in plan view, the operation of the apparatus in producing, in this example, a two view display output, in which each lenticular element 16 overlies a respective group 21 , a pair in this example, of adjacent sub-pixel columns such that two vertical strips, each representing a vertical slice of a respective 2-D view, are presented to the viewer.
  • a 3-D image is perceived.
  • the number of views can be varied from just having the two views, shown in Figure 2, giving a single stereoscopic image to more views, for example seven views providing six stereoscopic images.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of part of a row of display elements in the colour matrix AMLCD panel 11.
  • the panel 1 1 comprises a colour pixel layout in which each colour pixel 30 comprises three (red, R, green, G, and blue, B) adjacent sub-pixels 12 in a row constituting a horizontal RGB triplet 30.
  • Such a colour pixel layout is formed using vertical colour filter strips with the display elements 12 of the display panel 11 being arranged in respective, R, G and B, columns in repeating fashion.
  • the pixel pitch of such a display panel is a measure of the spacing of the pixels in the panel.
  • the pixel pitch is substantially equal in the vertical, column, and horizontal, row, directions.
  • Figure 3A shows eight RGB colour pixels 30 each comprising three sub-pixels 12.
  • the horizontal pitch K is equal to the width of the pixel plus the spacing between adjacent pixels (not shown).
  • the resolution of such a display panel 11 is a measure of the spatial frequency at which the pixels are perceived by a viewer. A high resolution is, of course, desirable as this produces a high quality image output. Commonly, for a conventional colour matrix LCD panel, the resolution is substantially equal in the vertical, column, and horizontal, row directions.
  • Figure 3B shows the same eight RGB colour pixels as in Figure 3A.
  • the lenticular array 15 overlies the display panel 11 with each elongate lenticular element 16 substantially covering a respective pair 21 of adjacent sub-pixel columns.
  • each sub-pixel on the right 33 of each pair 21 is directed to region B and therefore is viewed by the left eye of the viewer in Figure 2.
  • the image seen at B, 36, is perceived to have horizontal pixel pitch L. Therefore the horizontal resolution of the two-view stereoscopic image is half of that of the corresponding 2-D image as viewed without the lenticular sheet 15.
  • each lenticule may substantially cover four adjacent sub-pixel columns giving a four-view stereoscopic display having a horizontal resolution of one quarter of the corresponding 2-D display.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of colour autostereoscopic display apparatus according to the invention comprising diffusing means which in this embodiment optically succeeds the lenticular array.
  • the apparatus comprises an autostereoscopic display means 10 as described hereinbefore with reference to Figure 1 , and a diffusing layer 40, which in this example is selectably mountable on the autostereoscopic display means 10.
  • the diffusing layer 40 is removed from the autostereoscopic display means such that a viewer perceives a stereoscopic, 3-D, image.
  • the diffusing layer is arranged, as shown in Figure 4, such that it is in good optical communication with the lenticular sheet 15 and a viewer perceives a 2-D image.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic plan view illustrating one lenticular element 16 from the lenticular sheet 15 directing the light output from a pair of sub-pixels 32, 33 to create two-views as described in detail above with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
  • the outputs from the sub-pixels 32, 33, within the pair 21 are directed in mutually different directions by passing through the lenticular element 16.
  • the optically diffusing layer 40 is disposed over the lenticular element 16 in direct physical contact with a flat surface of the lenticular sheet 15.
  • the light output from one sub-pixel 32 is diffused such that the directionality of the light is distorted to the extent that the output reaches both eyes of a viewer, thus removing the stereoscopic effect.
  • the other sub-pixel 33 within the pair Therefore the outputs from the pair of sub-pixels 32, 33 are mixed such that a viewer receives the outputs from both sub-pixels in both eyes and thus a 2-D image is perceived.
  • FIG. 6 shows in plan view the row segment of the display panel 1 1 as in Figure 3, with overlying lenticular sheet 15 and the respective perceived views 35, 36 of the right and left eyes of a viewer, and with a diffusing layer 40 located between the lenticular sheet and the viewer as shown in Figure 5B.
  • An averaging effect occurs such that the light outputs from each sub-pixel in each pair 21 are directed in substantially the same directions. Therefore both eyes of a viewer see the same image 50.
  • the output from each perceived pixel corresponding to an individual lenticular element 16 is contributed to by all of the sub-elements within the corresponding, underlying sub-pixel pair 21 .
  • both eyes now, with the diffusing layer 40 in place, view a mix of the outputs from both the red and green sub-pixels. Therefore a viewer sees an image 50 in which both eyes receive light outputs from all sub-pixels and so a 2-D image is perceived.
  • a mixed triplet 51 is contributed to by outputs of six display elements, two of each colour.
  • the pitch M of the mixed triplet 51 is the same as the stereoscopic perceived horizontal pitch L.
  • the overall output of each mixed triplet 51 comprises the outputs of two colour "unmixed" pixel triplets.
  • the 2-D perceived horizontal pixel pitch is half of the mixed triplet pitch M.
  • the resolution of the 2-D image is thus greater than the resolution of the stereoscopic image.
  • the full resolution is recovered by using a diffusing layer in this manner.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of colour display apparatus according to the invention comprising an autostereoscopic display means 10 and a diffusing layer 40, here provided in the form of a plastic sheet or the like, pivotally mounted on the autostereoscopic display means 10 so as to be moveable between a position overlying the display panel 11 and the lenticular sheet 15 and a position away from the display panel by hinging means 71 engaging with a frame part 74 of the display means surrounding the display panel.
  • a diffusing layer 40 here provided in the form of a plastic sheet or the like
  • the diffusing layer therefore can be positioned in front of the display means such that it is substantially parallel to the display panel and in close proximity, preferably contacting, the outermost surface of the display means 10.
  • the apparatus includes latching means 72 enabling the diffusing sheet to be secured in this position and further latching means (not shown) for holding the sheet away from the front when not being used.
  • the diffusing layer is slidably mounted to the autostereoscopic display means with the aid of channels defined in the frame part 74 at opposing sides enabling the diffusing sheet to be slid in front of the display means such that a 2-D image is perceived.
  • the sheet may simply be removed from the display means when its use is not required.
  • the diffusing layer is slidably mounted to the autostereoscopic display means wherein the diffusing sheet can be slid in between the display panel and the directing means such that a 2-D image is perceived.
  • the diffusing layer is formed as a flexible sheet which is carried on a roller extending along one side of the display panel and operable in the manner of a roller blind so as to be unrolled over the display means when required and rolled away when displaying a stereoscopic image.
  • the roller with the sheet may be detachable from the autostereoscopic display means for easy storage when not in use.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic perspective view of yet another embodiment of colour display apparatus according to the invention comprising an autostereoscopic display means 10 and an electrically switchable light diffusing layer 80 comprising electro-optic material sandwiched between opposing electrodes and located in front of the display means.
  • the layer 80 can be changed optically from a non-scattering state to a strongly diffusing state such that the apparatus changes from a 3-D mode, where a stereoscopic image is displayed, to a 2-D mode, where a two dimensional image is perceived.
  • the electrically switchable light diffusing layer is preferably a Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) layer. These are well known in the art and are commercially available.
  • PDLC Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal
  • the switchable layer is permanently mounted in front of the autostereoscopic display means 10. Therefore the apparatus can be switched from a 3-D mode to a 2-D mode, and vice versa, by simply switching an applied voltage on and off.
  • a switchable layer 80 that is sealed to the display means 10 dust particles are less likely to become trapped between the display and the converting means thus keeping the mating surfaces in good optical communication.
  • the electrically switchable light diffusing layer 80 is positioned in front of the directing means 15, it is envisaged that it can be positioned between the directing means and the display panel 1 1 such that it mates closely with the input side of the directing means instead.
  • Figure 9 illustrates schematically another embodiment of the colour autostereoscopic display apparatus with a lenticular array overlying the display panel.
  • the lenticular array 15 comprises a layer of electrically switchable light diffusing material 95, for example PDLC.
  • the surface adjacent the display panel 1 1 is substantially flat and is in good optical communication with the panel.
  • the output surface comprises the elongate lenticular elements on its output side.
  • Electrodes 93, 94 Disposed on each of the surfaces of the lenticular sheet are electrodes 93, 94 made from a transparent conducting material, for example Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). A potential difference is applied to these electrodes to switch between a 2-D display mode and a 3-D display mode.
  • ITO Indium Tin Oxide
  • Figure 10 illustrates another embodiment comprising a lenticular array with a layer of electrically switchable diffusing material 95 sandwiched between two transparent electrodes 93, 94.
  • the lenticular elements 16 are disposed on the surface adjacent the display panel 11.
  • the output surface is substantially flat. A potential difference is applied to the electrodes to switch between 2-D and 3-D display modes.
  • the diffusing layer 40 or electrically switchable light diffusing layer 80 of the above embodiments may extend completely over the autostereoscopic display means, as shown in Figures 4 and 8, so that the apparatus switches between the 2-D and 3-D modes as a whole.
  • the display area may be sub-divided into sections such that individual sections may be controlled separately from one another. Accordingly, on a selected part or parts of the display array of the apparatus a 2-D image may be perceived whilst on another a stereoscopic image may be displayed simultaneously.
  • the electrically switchable light diffusing layer 80 may be sub-divided in this way such that only selected part(s) are highly diffusing at any one time.
  • the layer may be divided to define four equal quadrants 90A-90D, together covering the area of the display, which are switchable independently.
  • a pair of electrodes for each section allow a potential difference to be applied to each individual section.
  • the individual regions can be switched either separately or in combination.
  • a colour autostereoscopic display apparatus which comprises an autostereoscopic display means, for displaying a stereoscopic image and diffusing means selectably operable with the autostereoscopic display means such that the apparatus can be switched between a 3-D and a 2-D display mode.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage couleur comprenant des moyens (10) d'affichage autostéréoscopiques permettant d'afficher une image stéréoscopique, par exemple un affichage à matrice de cristaux liquides comprenant un arrangement de lignes et de colonnes d'éléments (12) de visualisation et des éléments (16) lenticulaires parallèles superposés à ces éléments de visualisation. Des moyens (40, 80) de diffusion peuvent être activés sélectivement avec les moyens de visualisation afin de permettre la perception d'une image bidimensionnelle. La réduction de la résolution horizontale associée à de tels dispositifs multivue est au moins partiellement compensée par les moyens de diffusion.
PCT/IB2002/002878 2001-07-11 2002-07-08 Affichage couleur autostereoscopique WO2003007620A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003513254A JP2004534972A (ja) 2001-07-11 2002-07-08 カラー裸眼立体表示装置
KR10-2003-7003443A KR20030036765A (ko) 2001-07-11 2002-07-08 컬러 자동입체 디스플레이 장치
EP02747634A EP1413149A1 (fr) 2001-07-11 2002-07-08 Affichage couleur autostereoscopique

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0116873.1 2001-07-11
GBGB0116873.1A GB0116873D0 (en) 2001-07-11 2001-07-11 Colour autostereoscopic display apparatus
GB0121991.4 2001-09-12
GBGB0121991.4A GB0121991D0 (en) 2001-07-11 2001-09-12 Colour autostereoscopic display apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003007620A1 true WO2003007620A1 (fr) 2003-01-23

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ID=26246297

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2002/002878 WO2003007620A1 (fr) 2001-07-11 2002-07-08 Affichage couleur autostereoscopique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20030011884A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1413149A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004534972A (fr)
CN (1) CN1526243A (fr)
TW (1) TW556138B (fr)
WO (1) WO2003007620A1 (fr)

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US20030011884A1 (en) 2003-01-16
EP1413149A1 (fr) 2004-04-28
JP2004534972A (ja) 2004-11-18
CN1526243A (zh) 2004-09-01
TW556138B (en) 2003-10-01

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