EP1754238B1 - Method for machining a lamp and lamp machined by said method - Google Patents

Method for machining a lamp and lamp machined by said method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1754238B1
EP1754238B1 EP05752461A EP05752461A EP1754238B1 EP 1754238 B1 EP1754238 B1 EP 1754238B1 EP 05752461 A EP05752461 A EP 05752461A EP 05752461 A EP05752461 A EP 05752461A EP 1754238 B1 EP1754238 B1 EP 1754238B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
lamp bulb
bulb
deformed
filling
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EP05752461A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1754238A2 (en
Inventor
Andreas Nittke
Georg Rosenbauer
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Osram GmbH
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Osram GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
    • H01J9/245—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/247—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps specially adapted for gas-discharge lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/28—Envelopes; Vessels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K3/00—Apparatus or processes adapted to the manufacture, installing, removal, or maintenance of incandescent lamps or parts thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing a lamp according to the preamble of claim 1 and a processed by such a method lamp.
  • the invention is applicable in principle to all lamps in which a lighting means, for example an incandescent filament of an incandescent lamp or an electrode for generating a discharge arc of a discharge lamp is accommodated in a lamp envelope or the like.
  • a lighting means for example an incandescent filament of an incandescent lamp or an electrode for generating a discharge arc of a discharge lamp is accommodated in a lamp envelope or the like.
  • the main field of application is likely to be in halogen lamps, in particular halogen incandescent lamps or discharge lamps, in which the filling gas contains a proportion of halogens.
  • Such a halogen incandescent lamp and its manufacturing method are for example in the DE 196 23 499 A1 explained. Concrete embodiments of these halogen incandescent lamps in low-voltage or high-voltage version can be found at www.osram.com/products/allgemein/halogen/schreibsicht.html.
  • a similar production method of a high-pressure discharge lamp is
  • halogen incandescent lamps are generally carried out by first providing a piston tube with a rounded tip at the end, on which an axially protruding pumping nozzle is formed. Through the open feed opening of the piston then a frame with a coil and power supply lines is used. The lamp bulb is gas-tightly sealed in the region of the feed opening by a pinch seal and flushed via an attached to the Pumprohr approach pump tube the interior of the lamp envelope, evacuated and filled with filling gas. Finally, the pump tube is melted off - the lamp bulb is sealed gas-tight.
  • the surface of the lamp bulb can be frosted by means of sandblasting, hydrofluoric acid etching, sol-gel coating with SiO 2 as scattering centers or the like.
  • Matting is accompanied by a loss of luminous flux. If glare protection without luminous flux loss or effect lighting with a light-dark effect is desired, an additional faceted enveloping bulb can be placed on the lamp bulb. This mounting of the envelope requires an additional device technical effort.
  • the lamp is first completed in the conventional manner, so that the filling gas is sealed gas-tight in the lamp envelope.
  • the filling gas is sealed gas-tight in the lamp envelope.
  • the lamp bulb After inserting the illuminant and filling the lamp bulb is inventively heated to a forming temperature and then deformed by suitable tools or surface areas are melted or it is removed material from a surface portion of the lamp envelope to form a particular surface structure or glass structure, for example, a matting by remelting or ablation or by removing material on the surface of the lamp bulb to produce or to produce small cracks in glass in soft glass which serve as scattering centers.
  • the glass in particular toughened glass
  • the glass can be tempered by a subsequent laser treatment.
  • the heat treatment of the entire lamp in a tempering furnace for the purpose of reducing the internal mechanical stresses in the glass can be dispensed with, and there is no risk of oxidation of base parts or power supply lines in the tempering furnace.
  • the heat treatment by laser only the glass of the lamp envelope, for. from the pinch edge to the pump nipple, annealed, that is, subjected to the heat treatment. Power supply and base parts, however, remain cold. At the same time microcracks on the surface of the lamp vessel can be removed, which would otherwise lead to a weakening of the glass.
  • the invention is directed against conventional methods in which the forming / melting takes place immediately before or after filling the lamp envelope - according to the invention, the lamp produced by the conventional method is to be seen only as an intermediate in another Work step to finished product is reworked.
  • the laser beam along a predetermined trajectory is stirred so that either a surface melting or ablation of a surface layer takes place, and for example, a matting can be removed or that by melting or Abtragen a predetermined surface pattern is formed.
  • matting can also be produced in a predetermined region on the surface of the lamp vessel by producing equal cracks which act as scattering centers by means of the laser beam in soft glass envelopes.
  • quartz glass glass is evaporated from the surface and removed, for example by suction. As a result, the surface is roughened, that is, there are tiny, light-scattering cracks on the surface.
  • the lamp envelope is heated to a forming temperature and then carried out by means of a tool a final shaping of the lamp envelope, for example, after filling approximately circular cross-section in a larger circular or (eg matched by appropriate control of the molds on the rotation of the lamp ) others, eg deformed elliptical cross section, which may be required in lamps with interference filter coating.
  • the expanded circular or elliptical cross section may also assume an elliptical or other, non-cylindrical shape, which is adapted to the helical geometry.
  • the last-mentioned method step can be used particularly advantageously in lamp constructions in which the luminous means is a filament of an incandescent lamp which is fixed in position by means of nubs formed in the lamp bulb.
  • the surface pattern formed, for example, by means of a laser beam can form facets which extend in the direction parallel to the lamp axis or in a zigzag direction. As a result, effect lighting in the room can be achieved (for example, striped illumination).
  • the invention is explained below with reference to halogen incandescent lamps.
  • the invention can also be used in other lamp types in which a light source is arranged within a lamp envelope or the like.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of a halogen incandescent lamp is shown, which can be designed for low-voltage operation or mains voltage and which can be used for example in the living room or as a built-in lamp.
  • the incandescent lamp 1 has a lamp bulb 2, which has approximately the shape of a hollow cylinder in the Grundzüstand, wherein one end portion is formed by a crowned curved tip 4 with a pump tip 6.
  • the lamp bulb 2 is made of quartz glass or hard glass.
  • a pinch seal 8 is formed, via which a frame 10 is held gas-tight in the lamp bulb 2.
  • the frame has a helix 12 whose axis is coaxial with the lamp axis (vertically in Fig. 1 ) runs.
  • two power supply lines 14, 16 are formed, which are connected to arranged in the pinch seal 8 molybdenum foils 18, 20.
  • the lamp bulb 2 can be frosted after filling by sandblasting. Especially with lamp manufacturers, the task is often to compare the luminous flux of such frosted lamps with that of unmatted lamps - this is done for example in the analysis of competing products.
  • the incandescent lamp 1 is arranged on a holder 26 which is rotatably mounted about the lamp vertical axis.
  • the surface of the lamp bulb is heated by means of a laser 28 whose laser beam is deflected by means of a focusing lens with a scanner mirror 30, so that a specific beam profile can be set.
  • the scanner mirror 30 is pivotable in the illustrated embodiment about a pivot axis arranged vertically to the plane of the drawing, so that the laser beam can be aligned along the vertical axis of the lamp.
  • the scanner mirror 30 can also be mounted so that it can additionally be deflected in the transverse direction, ie in the radial direction of the lamp, so that an arbitrary beam profile can be set. In most solutions, however, it may be sufficient to pivot the scanner mirror 30 in the predetermined manner in the vertical direction, wherein the feed in the transverse direction by stepwise or continuous rotation of the holder 26 takes place.
  • the energy input is now controlled so that the surface areas of the lamp bulb 2 are melted within a predetermined by the beam profile and the rotation of the holder 26, wherein the granular structure of the matting 31 melts or evaporated and in the molten glass area, the original, clear structure of the lamp bulb.
  • the luminous flux can then be determined easily.
  • the lamp with a faceting, for example, to effect a light-dark effect or glare protection without loss of luminous flux.
  • a faceting after filling incandescent lamp 1, for example, with the in Fig. 2 be applied by appropriate control of the scanner mirror 30 and the drive of the holder 26 and by suitable focusing of the laser spot a zigzag-shaped faceting 32 according to Fig. 4 or a parallel faceting 34 according to Fig. 5 can be generated.
  • the zigzag-shaped faceting according to FIG. 32 consists of a multiplicity of parallel zig-zag marks running parallel to one another.
  • other facet patterns such as wavy lines, intersecting lines or the like may be formed.
  • Fig. 6 is a further variant of a method according to the invention, ren processed incandescent lamp shown.
  • a lamp bulb 2 of a halogen incandescent lamp is shown, in which one or more coil, not shown, is held by means of radially pressed into the lamp bulb 2 nubs 36.
  • Such a solution is for example in the DE 195 28 686 A1 and is marketed by OSRAM GmbH under the product name "HALOPIN".
  • These lamps are preferably designed in the high-voltage range for operation on mains voltage.
  • the incandescent lamp 1 is first produced in a conventional manner, wherein the or the helix are fixed in position by means of the knobs. After filling and closing the lamp bulb then the partially finished bulb 1 is in the device according to Fig.
  • the lamp bulb 2 used and the lamp bulb 2 is heated in the region around the helix by means of the laser 28 to its forming temperature and then deformed by means of a suitable tool, such as a forming roller, so that the round cross section 40 of the lamp bulb 2 can be expanded to a larger diameter.
  • a suitable tool such as a forming roller
  • this subsequent deformation of the lamp body can also be used in lamp constructions in which the nubs 36 or the like are not formed.
  • This has a lamp bulb, in which a light source is received with power supply lines and limits a filling gas receiving space, which is sealed by a pinch seal.
  • a part of the lamp bulb is heated by heat supply and deformed or remelted to change the outer contour of the lamp envelope.
  • a lamp vessel consisting of a glass, in particular toughened glass or soft glass, which is used, for example, as an outer bulb for a halogen incandescent lamp or a high-pressure discharge lamp, be provided with a matting by a part of the surface or the entire surface of the lamp vessel is roughened by glass by ablation - ie by evaporation and suction - or by the matting effect being produced, in particular in soft glass, by producing tiny cracks which act as scattering centers
  • the finished lamps are usually subjected to heat treatment in a tempering furnace for the purpose of reducing mechanical stresses in the glass.
  • the disadvantage here is that while socket parts or the power supply can be heated and oxidized.
  • the glass bulb can be locally subjected to a heat treatment in order to reduce mechanical stresses in the glass bulb, without the current leads and the base parts being heated in the process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

Method for machining a lamp and a lamp machined by the method, including a lamp bulb, in which an incandescent element with power supply is housed and which defines a chamber for a filling gas which is tightly sealed by a compression seal. According to the invention, after filling, a part of the lamp bulb is heated by introduction of heat, preferably by laser and moulded or refused in order to alter the outer contour of the lamp bulb or tempered.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bearbeitung einer Lampe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine nach einem derartigen Verfahren bearbeitete Lampe.The invention relates to a method for processing a lamp according to the preamble of claim 1 and a processed by such a method lamp.

Die Erfindung ist prinzipiell bei allen Lampen anwendbar, bei denen ein Leuchtmittel, beispielsweise eine Glühwendel einer Glühlampe oder eine Elektrode zur Erzeugung eines Entladungsbogens einer Entladungslampe in einem Lampenkolben oder dergleichen aufgenommen ist. Das Hauptanwendungsgebiet dürfte jedoch bei Halogenlampen, insbesondere Halogenglühlampen oder Entladungslampen liegen, bei denen das Füllgas einen Anteil an Halogenen enthält. Eine derartige Halogenglühlampe und deren Herstellverfahren sind beispielsweise in der DE 196 23 499 A1 erläutert. Konkrete Ausführungsbeispiele dieser Halogenglühlampen in Niedervolt- oder Hochvoltausführung finden sich unter www.osram.de/produkte/allgemein/halogen/übersicht.html. Ein ähnliches Herstellverfahren einer Hochdruckentladungslampe ist beispielsweise in der Offenlegungsschrift US 2002/135305 A1 erläutert.The invention is applicable in principle to all lamps in which a lighting means, for example an incandescent filament of an incandescent lamp or an electrode for generating a discharge arc of a discharge lamp is accommodated in a lamp envelope or the like. However, the main field of application is likely to be in halogen lamps, in particular halogen incandescent lamps or discharge lamps, in which the filling gas contains a proportion of halogens. Such a halogen incandescent lamp and its manufacturing method are for example in the DE 196 23 499 A1 explained. Concrete embodiments of these halogen incandescent lamps in low-voltage or high-voltage version can be found at www.osram.com/products/allgemein/halogen/übersicht.html. A similar production method of a high-pressure discharge lamp is disclosed, for example, in the published patent application US 2002/135305 A1 explained.

Die Herstellung dieser bekannten Halogenglühlampen erfolgt in der Regel dadurch, dass zunächst ein Kolbenrohr stirnseitig mit einer abgerundeten Kuppe versehen wird, an der ein axial vorstehender Pumprohransatz ausgebildet ist. Durch die offene Zuführöffnung des Kolbens wird dann ein Gestell mit einer Wendel und Stromzuführungen eingesetzt. Der Lampenkolben wird im Bereich der Zuführöffnung durch eine Quetschdichtung gasdicht verschlossen und über ein an dem Pumprohransatz angeschmolzenes Pumprohr der Innenraum des Lampenkolbens gespült, evakuiert und mit Füllgas gefüllt. Abschließend wird das Pumprohr abgeschmolzen - der Lampenkolben ist gasdicht verschlossen.The production of these known halogen incandescent lamps is generally carried out by first providing a piston tube with a rounded tip at the end, on which an axially protruding pumping nozzle is formed. Through the open feed opening of the piston then a frame with a coil and power supply lines is used. The lamp bulb is gas-tightly sealed in the region of the feed opening by a pinch seal and flushed via an attached to the Pumprohr approach pump tube the interior of the lamp envelope, evacuated and filled with filling gas. Finally, the pump tube is melted off - the lamp bulb is sealed gas-tight.

In dem Fall, in dem eine diffuse Ausleuchtung gewünscht ist, kann die Oberfläche des Lampenkolbens mittels Sandstrahlen, Flusssäureätzen, Sol-Gel-Beschichtung mit SiO2 als Streuzentren oder dergleichen mattiert werden. Mit dieser Mattierung geht allerdings ein Lichtstromverlust einher. Falls ein Blendschutz ohne Lichtstromverlust oder eine Effektbeleuchtung mit einem Hell-Dunkel-Effekt gewünscht wird, kann auf den Lampenkolben ein zusätzlich facettierter Hüllkolben aufgesetzt werden. Dieses Montieren des Hüllkolbens erfordert einen zusätzlichen vorrichtungstechnischen Aufwand.In the case in which a diffuse illumination is desired, the surface of the lamp bulb can be frosted by means of sandblasting, hydrofluoric acid etching, sol-gel coating with SiO 2 as scattering centers or the like. With this Matting, however, is accompanied by a loss of luminous flux. If glare protection without luminous flux loss or effect lighting with a light-dark effect is desired, an additional faceted enveloping bulb can be placed on the lamp bulb. This mounting of the envelope requires an additional device technical effort.

Insbesondere bei Lampenherstellern ist es häufig erforderlich, den Lichtstrom mattierter Lampen mit demjenigen unmattierter, klarer Lampen zu vergleichen. Dies gestaltet sich dann besonders schwierig, wenn keine unmattierte Lampe vorliegt - in diesem Fall muss die Mattierung durch ein aufwendiges Polierverfahren entfernt werden, um den Lichtstrom durch einen klaren Lampenkolben zu erfassen.Especially with lamp manufacturers, it is often necessary to compare the luminous flux of frosted lamps with that of unmattled, clear lamps. This is particularly difficult if there is no unmatted lamp - in this case, the matting must be removed by a complex polishing process to detect the luminous flux through a clear lamp envelope.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Bearbeitung einer Lampe sowie eine nach einem derartigen Verfahren bearbeitete Lampe zu schaffen, bei denen Änderungen der Oberflächenstruktur oder -kontur oder der internen Glasspannungen mit geringem vorrichtungstechnischen Aufwand durchführbar sind.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for processing a lamp and a lamp processed by such a method, in which changes in the surface structure or contour or the internal glass voltages can be carried out with little device complexity.

Diese Aufgabe wird hinsichtlich des Verfahrens durch die Merkmalskombination des Patentanspruchs 1 und hinsichtlich der Lampe durch die Merkmalskombination des nebengeordneten Patentanspruchs 7 gelöst.This object is achieved with respect to the method by the feature combination of claim 1 and with respect to the lamp by the feature combination of the independent claim 7.

Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Lampe zunächst in der herkömmlichen Weise fertiggestellt, so dass das Füllgas gasdicht im Lampenkolben eingeschlossen ist. Nach dem Einsetzen des Leuchtmittels und dem Befüllen wird erfindungsgemäß der Lampenkolben auf eine Umformtemperatur erwärmt und anschließend durch geeignete Werkzeuge verformt oder es werden Oberflächenbereiche geschmolzen oder es wird Material aus einem Oberflächenbereich des Lampenkolbens abgetragen, um eine bestimmte Oberflächenstruktur oder Glasstruktur auszubilden, beispielsweise um eine Mattierung durch Umschmelzen oder Abtragen zu beseitigen oder durch Abtragen von Material an der Oberfläche des Lampenkolbens zu erzeugen oder bei Weichglas kleine Risse im Glas zu erzeugen die als Streuzentren dienen.According to the invention, the lamp is first completed in the conventional manner, so that the filling gas is sealed gas-tight in the lamp envelope. After inserting the illuminant and filling the lamp bulb is inventively heated to a forming temperature and then deformed by suitable tools or surface areas are melted or it is removed material from a surface portion of the lamp envelope to form a particular surface structure or glass structure, for example, a matting by remelting or ablation or by removing material on the surface of the lamp bulb to produce or to produce small cracks in glass in soft glass which serve as scattering centers.

Außerdem kann das Glas, insbesondere Hartglas, durch eine nachträgliche Laserbehandlung getempert werden. Dadurch kann die Wärmebehandlung der kompletten Lampe in einem Temperofen zwecks Abbau der internen mechanischen Spannungen im Glas entfallen, und es besteht nicht die Gefahr einer Oxidation von Sockelteilen oder Stromzuführungen im Temperofen. Bei der Wärmebehandlung mittels Laser wird nur das Glas des Lampenkolbens ,z.B. von der Quetschkante bis zum Pumpnippel, getempert, das heißt, der Wärmebehandlung unterworfen. Stromzuführungen und Sockelteile bleiben dagegen kalt. Gleichzeitig können dabei Mikrorisse an der Oberfläche des Lampengefäßes entfernt werden, die ansonsten zu einer Schwächung des Glases führen würden.In addition, the glass, in particular toughened glass, can be tempered by a subsequent laser treatment. As a result, the heat treatment of the entire lamp in a tempering furnace for the purpose of reducing the internal mechanical stresses in the glass can be dispensed with, and there is no risk of oxidation of base parts or power supply lines in the tempering furnace. In the heat treatment by laser, only the glass of the lamp envelope, for. from the pinch edge to the pump nipple, annealed, that is, subjected to the heat treatment. Power supply and base parts, however, remain cold. At the same time microcracks on the surface of the lamp vessel can be removed, which would otherwise lead to a weakening of the glass.

D. h., die Erfindung wendet sich von herkömmlichen Verfahren ab, bei denen das Umformen/Schmelzen unmittelbar vor oder nach dem Befüllen des Lampenkolbens erfolgt - erfindungsgemäß ist die nach dem herkömmlichen Verfahren hergestellte Lampe lediglich als ein Zwischenprodukt zu sehen, das in einem weiteren Arbeitsschritt zum fertigen Produkt nachbearbeitet wird.D. h., The invention is directed against conventional methods in which the forming / melting takes place immediately before or after filling the lamp envelope - according to the invention, the lamp produced by the conventional method is to be seen only as an intermediate in another Work step to finished product is reworked.

Es wird besonders bevorzugt, diese Erwärmung mittels Laserstrahl oder einer sonstigen hochenergetischen Strahlung durchzuführen. Die nachträgliche Beaufschlagung einer Lampe durch Laserstrahl ist zwar bereits aus der DE 100 26 567 A1 bekannt, dabei erfolgt jedoch durch den Laserstrahl lediglich eine Beschriftung, die auf einer Metall-Einschmelzfolie eines in den Lampenkolben eingesetzten Gestells aufgebracht wird. Diese Beschriftung erfolgt somit durch den Lampenkolben hindurch, wobei dieser weder aufgeschmolzen noch einer sonstigen Gefügeveränderung unterworfen ist.It is particularly preferred to carry out this heating by means of a laser beam or other high-energy radiation. The subsequent loading of a lamp by laser beam is already out of the DE 100 26 567 A1 However, in this case, only a label is applied by the laser beam, which is applied to a metal-melting film of a frame inserted into the lamp envelope. This inscription thus takes place through the lamp bulb, whereby it is neither melted nor subjected to any other microstructural change.

Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel wird der Laserstrahl entlang einer vorbestimmten Bewegungsbahn derart gerührt, dass entweder ein flächiges Aufschmelzen bzw. Abtragen einer Oberflächenschicht erfolgt, und beispielsweise eine Mattierung entfernt werden kann oder dass durch Aufschmelzen bzw. Abtragen ein vorbestimmtes Oberflächenmuster ausgebildet wird. Mit Hilfe des Laserstrahls kann aber auch in einem vorgegebenen Bereich an der Oberfläche des Lampengefäßes eine Mattierung erzeugt werden, indem mittels des Laserstrahls in Weichglaskolben gleiche Risse erzeugt werden, die als Streuzentren wirken. Bei Quarzglas wird Glas aus der Oberfläche verdampft und, beispielsweise durch Absaugen, abgetragen. Dadurch wird die Oberfläche aufgeraut, d.h., es entstehen an der Oberfläche winzige, lichtstreuende Risse.In a preferred embodiment, the laser beam along a predetermined trajectory is stirred so that either a surface melting or ablation of a surface layer takes place, and for example, a matting can be removed or that by melting or Abtragen a predetermined surface pattern is formed. With the aid of the laser beam, matting can also be produced in a predetermined region on the surface of the lamp vessel by producing equal cracks which act as scattering centers by means of the laser beam in soft glass envelopes. In the case of quartz glass, glass is evaporated from the surface and removed, for example by suction. As a result, the surface is roughened, that is, there are tiny, light-scattering cracks on the surface.

Bei einer alternativen Variante wird der Lampenkolben auf eine Umformtemperatur erwärmt und anschließend mittels eines Werkzeugs eine abschließende Formgebung des Lampenkolbens durchgeführt, wobei beispielsweise ein nach der Befüllung etwa kreisförmiger Querschnitt in einen größeren kreisrunden oder (z.B. durch entsprechende Ansteuerung der Formwerkzeuge abgestimmt auf die Drehung der Lampe) anderen, z.B. elliptischen Querschnitt umgeformt wird, der bei Lampen mit Interferenzfilterbeschichtung erforderlich sein kann. Entlang der Kolbenachse kann der aufgeweitete kreisrunde bzw. elliptische Querschnitt ebenfalls eine elliptische oder eine andere, nichtzylindrische Form annehmen, die an die Wendelgeometie angepasst ist.In an alternative variant of the lamp envelope is heated to a forming temperature and then carried out by means of a tool a final shaping of the lamp envelope, for example, after filling approximately circular cross-section in a larger circular or (eg matched by appropriate control of the molds on the rotation of the lamp ) others, eg deformed elliptical cross section, which may be required in lamps with interference filter coating. Along the piston axis, the expanded circular or elliptical cross section may also assume an elliptical or other, non-cylindrical shape, which is adapted to the helical geometry.

Der letztgenannte Verfahrensschritt lässt sich besonders vorteilhaft bei Lampenkonstruktionen anwenden, bei denen das Leuchtmittel eine Wendel einer Glühlampe ist, der mittels im Lampenkolben ausgebildeter Noppen lagefixiert ist.The last-mentioned method step can be used particularly advantageously in lamp constructions in which the luminous means is a filament of an incandescent lamp which is fixed in position by means of nubs formed in the lamp bulb.

Das beispielsweise mittels Laserstrahl ausgebildete Oberflächenmuster kann Facetten bilden, die in Parallelrichtung zur Lampenachse oder in Zickzackrichtung verlaufen. Dadurch kann eine Effektbeleuchtung im Raum erzielt werden (z.B. streifige Ausleuchtung).The surface pattern formed, for example, by means of a laser beam can form facets which extend in the direction parallel to the lamp axis or in a zigzag direction. As a result, effect lighting in the room can be achieved (for example, striped illumination).

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine Vorderansicht einer Halogenglühlampe;
  • Figur 2 eine Schemadarstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens;
  • Figur 3 eine nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bearbeitete Halogenglühlampe mit mattiertem Lampenkolben;
  • Figur 4 einen Lampenkolben, bei dem eine Zickzack-Facette aufgebracht ist;
  • Figur 5 einen Lampenkolben mit parallel verlaufender Facettierung und
  • Figur 6 eine Lampe, deren Lampenkolben nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren von einem kreisförmigen Querschnitt in einen anderen Querschnitt umgeformt wurde.
  • Figur 7 einen Lampenkolben aus Glas (vorzugsweise Weichglas), bei dem eine Mattierung mittels Laserstrahl erzeugt wurde. Kleine Risse dienen hier als Streuzentren für die Mattierung.
In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment with reference to drawings. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 a front view of a halogen incandescent lamp;
  • FIG. 2 a schematic representation of an apparatus for performing the method;
  • FIG. 3 a process according to the invention processed halogen incandescent lamp with frosted lamp bulb;
  • FIG. 4 a lamp envelope having a zigzag facet applied thereto;
  • FIG. 5 a lamp bulb with parallel faceting and
  • FIG. 6 a lamp whose lamp envelope has been converted from a circular cross section into another cross section by the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a lamp bulb made of glass (preferably soft glass) in which matting by means of a laser beam has been produced. Small cracks serve as scattering centers for matting.

Bevorzugte Ausführung der ErfindungPreferred embodiment of the invention

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Halogenglühlampen erläutert. Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt ist die Erfindung jedoch auch bei anderen Lampentypen einsetzbar, bei denen ein Leuchtmittel innerhalb eines Lampenkolbens oder dergleichen angeordnet ist.The invention is explained below with reference to halogen incandescent lamps. However, as already mentioned, the invention can also be used in other lamp types in which a light source is arranged within a lamp envelope or the like.

In Figur. 1 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Halogenglühlampe dargestellt, die für den Niedervoltbetrieb oder Netzspannung ausgelegt sein kann und die beispielsweise im Wohnraum oder als Möbeleinbauleuchte verwendbar ist.In Figure. 1 an embodiment of a halogen incandescent lamp is shown, which can be designed for low-voltage operation or mains voltage and which can be used for example in the living room or as a built-in lamp.

Die Glühlampe 1 hat einen Lampenkolben 2, der im Grundzüstand etwa die Form eines Hohlzylinders hat, wobei ein Endabschnitt durch eine ballig gekrümmte Kuppe 4 mit einer Pumpspitze 6 gebildet ist. Der Lampenkolben 2 ist aus Quarzglas oder Hartglas hergestellt. An dem in Fig. 1 untenliegenden Endabschnitt des Lampenkolbens 2 ist eine Quetschdichtung 8 ausgebildet, über die ein Gestell 10 gasdicht im Lampenkolben 2 gehalten wird. Das Gestell hat eine Wendel 12, deren Achse koaxial zur Lampenachse (vertikal in Fig. 1) verläuft. Durch den Wendeldraht sind zwei Stromzuführungen 14, 16 gebildet, die mit in der Quetschdichtung 8 angeordneten Molybdän-Folien 18, 20 verbunden sind. Diese sind ihrerseits mit außerhalb der Quetschung 8 liegenden Sockelstifte 22, 24 verbunden. Die Quetschung erfolgt über Formquetschbacken, so dass der ehemals zylindrische Grundkörper des Lampenkolbens 2 flachgedrückt wird, so dass das Gestell 10 mit Bezug zum Lampenkolben 2 lagefixiert ist. Bei der Fertigung wird im Bereich der Pumpspitze 6 ein Pumprohr angesetzt, durch das das Innere des Lampenkolbens 2 evakuiert und mit Füllgas befüllt wird. Bei Halogenlampen enthält dieses Füllgas einen Anteil an Halogenen - der im Betrieb der Lampe entstehende Halogenkreislauf ist hinlänglich bekannt, weitere Ausführungen hierzu sind entbehrlich.The incandescent lamp 1 has a lamp bulb 2, which has approximately the shape of a hollow cylinder in the Grundzüstand, wherein one end portion is formed by a crowned curved tip 4 with a pump tip 6. The lamp bulb 2 is made of quartz glass or hard glass. At the in Fig. 1 underlying bottom portion of the lamp bulb 2 is a pinch seal 8 is formed, via which a frame 10 is held gas-tight in the lamp bulb 2. The frame has a helix 12 whose axis is coaxial with the lamp axis (vertically in Fig. 1 ) runs. By the helical wire two power supply lines 14, 16 are formed, which are connected to arranged in the pinch seal 8 molybdenum foils 18, 20. These are in turn connected to outside of the pinch 8 lying base pins 22, 24. The crushing takes place by means of compression crimping jaws, so that the formerly cylindrical main body of the lamp bulb 2 is flattened so that the frame 10 is fixed in position relative to the lamp bulb 2. During production, a pump tube is attached in the region of the pump tip 6, through which the interior of the lamp envelope 2 is evacuated and filled with filling gas. In halogen lamps, this filling gas contains a proportion of halogens - the resulting during operation of the lamp halogen circuit is well known, other versions are unnecessary.

In dem Fall, in dem ein diffuses Licht gefordert wird, kann der Lampenkolben 2 nach dem Befüllen durch Sandstrahlen mattiert werden. Insbesondere bei Lampenherstellern liegt häufig die Aufgabenstellung vor, den Lichtstrom derartiger mattierter Lampen mit demjenigen unmattierter Lampen zu vergleichen - dies erfolgt beispielsweise bei der Analyse von Konkurrenzprodukten.In the case in which a diffused light is required, the lamp bulb 2 can be frosted after filling by sandblasting. Especially with lamp manufacturers, the task is often to compare the luminous flux of such frosted lamps with that of unmatted lamps - this is done for example in the analysis of competing products.

Erfindungsgemäß wird zur Beseitigung der Mattierung, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, die Glühlampe 1 auf einem Halter 26 angeordnet, der um die Lampenhochachse drehbar gelagert ist. Die Oberfläche des Lampenkolbens wird mittels eines Lasers 28 erwärmt, dessen Laserstrahl über eine Fokussieroptik mit einem Scannerspiegel 30 abgelenkt wird, so dass ein bestimmtes Strahlprofil einstellbar ist. Der Scannerspiegel 30 ist bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel um eine vertikal zur Zeichenebene angeordnete Schwenkachse schwenkbar, so dass der Laserstrahl entlang der Hochachse der Lampe ausrichtbar ist. Prinzipiell kann der Scannerspiegel 30 auch so gelagert sein, dass er zusätzlich in Querrichtung, d.h. in der Radialrichtung der Lampe ausgelenkt werden kann, so dass ein beliebiges Strahlprofil einstellbar ist. Bei den meisten Lösungen dürfte es jedoch hinreichend sein, den Scannerspiegel 30 in der vorbestimmten Weise in Vertikalrichtung zu verschwenken, wobei der Vorschub in Querrichtung durch schrittweises oder kontinuierliches Drehen der Halterung 26 erfolgt.According to the invention, to eliminate the matting, as in Fig. 2 represented, the incandescent lamp 1 is arranged on a holder 26 which is rotatably mounted about the lamp vertical axis. The surface of the lamp bulb is heated by means of a laser 28 whose laser beam is deflected by means of a focusing lens with a scanner mirror 30, so that a specific beam profile can be set. The scanner mirror 30 is pivotable in the illustrated embodiment about a pivot axis arranged vertically to the plane of the drawing, so that the laser beam can be aligned along the vertical axis of the lamp. In principle, the scanner mirror 30 can also be mounted so that it can additionally be deflected in the transverse direction, ie in the radial direction of the lamp, so that an arbitrary beam profile can be set. In most solutions, however, it may be sufficient to pivot the scanner mirror 30 in the predetermined manner in the vertical direction, wherein the feed in the transverse direction by stepwise or continuous rotation of the holder 26 takes place.

Der Energieeintrag wird nun so gesteuert, dass die Oberflächenbereiche des Lampenkolbens 2 innerhalb eines durch das Strahlprofil und die Drehung der Halterung 26 vorgegebenen Bereichs aufgeschmolzen werden, wobei die körnige Struktur der Mattierung 31 verschmilzt bzw. abdampft und sich im aufgeschmolzenen Glasbereich die ursprüngliche, klare Struktur des Lampenkolbens einstellt. Der Lichtstrom kann dann ohne weiteres ermittelt werden. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren lässt sich der Aufwand für das Entfernen der Mattierung gegenüber herkömmlichen Lösungen wesentlich vereinfachen, bei denen zum einen ein sehr hoher Ausschuss durch Bruch der Lampenkolben auftrat und zum anderen ein erheblicher Zeitaufwand von bis zu 30 Minuten erforderlich war. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wird sich der Ausschuss wesentlich verringern, wobei die Einwirkdauer des Laserstrahls im Sekundenbereich liegt.The energy input is now controlled so that the surface areas of the lamp bulb 2 are melted within a predetermined by the beam profile and the rotation of the holder 26, wherein the granular structure of the matting 31 melts or evaporated and in the molten glass area, the original, clear structure of the lamp bulb. The luminous flux can then be determined easily. By the method according to the invention, the effort for removing the matting compared to conventional solutions can be significantly simplified, in which on the one hand a very high committee by breaking the lamp bulb occurred and on the other a considerable amount of time of up to 30 minutes was required. With the solution according to the invention, the rejection will be significantly reduced, the exposure time of the laser beam being in the range of seconds.

Bei bestimmten Anwendungsfällen wird es gewünscht, die Lampe mit einer Facettierung zu versehen, um beispielsweise einen Hell-Dunkel-Effekt oder einen Blendschutz ohne Lichtstromverlust zu bewirken.In certain applications, it is desired to provide the lamp with a faceting, for example, to effect a light-dark effect or glare protection without loss of luminous flux.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Nachbearbeitung kann eine derartige Facettierung nach dem Befüllen Glühlampe 1 beispielsweise mit der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Vorrichtung aufgebracht werden, wobei durch entsprechende Ansteuerung des Scannerspiegels 30 und des Antriebs der Halterung 26 und durch geeignete Fokussierung des Laserflecks eine zickzackförmige Facettierung 32 gemäß Fig. 4 oder eine Parallelfacettierung 34 gemäß Fig. 5 erzeugt werden kann. Die zickzackförmige Facettierung gemäß Fig. 32 besteht aus einer Vielzahl parallel nebeneinander laufender Zickzackriefen. Selbstverständlich können auch andere Facettenmuster, beispielsweise Wellenlinien, sich kreuzende Linien oder dergleichen ausgebildet werden.By post-processing according to the invention, such a faceting after filling incandescent lamp 1, for example, with the in Fig. 2 be applied by appropriate control of the scanner mirror 30 and the drive of the holder 26 and by suitable focusing of the laser spot a zigzag-shaped faceting 32 according to Fig. 4 or a parallel faceting 34 according to Fig. 5 can be generated. The zigzag-shaped faceting according to FIG. 32 consists of a multiplicity of parallel zig-zag marks running parallel to one another. Of course, other facet patterns, such as wavy lines, intersecting lines or the like may be formed.

In Fig. 6 ist eine weitere Variante einer nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfah-, ren bearbeiteten Glühlampe dargestellt. Dabei ist ein Lampenkolben 2 einer Halogenglühlampe dargestellt, bei der eine oder mehrere nicht dargestellte Wendel mittels radial in den Lampenkolben 2 eingepresster Noppen 36 gehalten wird. Eine derartige Lösung ist beispielsweise in der DE 195 28 686 A1 beschrieben und wird von der OSRAM GmbH unter dem Produktnamen "HALOPIN" vertrieben. Diese Lampen sind vorzugsweise im Hochvoltbereich für den Betrieb an Netzspannung ausgelegt.In Fig. 6 is a further variant of a method according to the invention, ren processed incandescent lamp shown. In this case, a lamp bulb 2 of a halogen incandescent lamp is shown, in which one or more coil, not shown, is held by means of radially pressed into the lamp bulb 2 nubs 36. Such a solution is for example in the DE 195 28 686 A1 and is marketed by OSRAM GmbH under the product name "HALOPIN". These lamps are preferably designed in the high-voltage range for operation on mains voltage.

Soll nun eine derartige Konstruktion mit Noppen zur Halterung der Wendel mit einer Interferenzfilterbeschichtung versehen werden, so lassen sich die Wärmeverluste weiter verringern, wenn der Lampenkolben und die Wendel ein optisches System bilden, wobei die wärmereflektierende Schicht auf dem Kolben die IR-Strahlung auf die Wendel rückreflektiert... Die erfindungsgemäße Vorgehensweise ermöglicht es nun, auch derartige Lampen mit der IR-Beschichtung (IRC) auszuführen. Dabei wird die Glühlampe 1 zunächst in herkömmlicher Weise hergestellt, wobei der oder die Wendel mittels der Noppen lagefixiert werden. Nach der Befüllung und dem Verschließen des Lampenkolbens wird dann die teilfertiggestellte Glühlampe 1 in die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2 eingesetzt und der Lampenkolben 2 im Bereich um die Wendel mittels des Lasers 28 auf seine Umformtemperatur erwärmt und dann mittels eines geeigneten Werkzeuges, beispielsweise einer Formrolle verformt, so dass der runde Querschnitt 40 des Lampenkolbens 2 auf einen größeren Durchmesser aufgeweitet werden kann. Entlang der Kolbenachse kann eine andere, z.B. elliptische Form hergestellt werden. Selbstverständlich lässt sich diese nachträgliche Umformung des Lampenkörpers auch bei Lampenkonstruktionen anwenden, bei denen die Noppen 36 oder dergleichen nicht ausgebildet sind.Now, if such a construction with knobs for supporting the coil are provided with an interference filter coating, so the heat losses can be further reduced when the lamp envelope and the coil form an optical system, wherein the heat-reflecting layer on the piston, the IR radiation to the coil reflected back ... The procedure according to the invention makes it possible to carry out also such lamps with the IR coating (IRC). In this case, the incandescent lamp 1 is first produced in a conventional manner, wherein the or the helix are fixed in position by means of the knobs. After filling and closing the lamp bulb then the partially finished bulb 1 is in the device according to Fig. 2 used and the lamp bulb 2 is heated in the region around the helix by means of the laser 28 to its forming temperature and then deformed by means of a suitable tool, such as a forming roller, so that the round cross section 40 of the lamp bulb 2 can be expanded to a larger diameter. Along the piston axis another, eg elliptical shape can be produced. Of course, this subsequent deformation of the lamp body can also be used in lamp constructions in which the nubs 36 or the like are not formed.

Offenbart sind ein Verfahren zur Bearbeitung einer Lampe und eine nach einem derartigen Verfahren bearbeitete Lampe. Diese hat einen Lampenkolben, in dem ein Leuchtmittel mit Stromzuführungen aufgenommen ist und der einen Füllgas aufnehmenden Raum begrenzt, der durch eine Quetschdichtung dichtend verschlossen ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird nach dem Befüllen ein Teil des Lampenkolbens durch Wärmezufuhr erwärmt und verformt oder umgeschmolzen, um die Außenkontur des Lampenkolbens zu ändern.Disclosed are a method of processing a lamp and a lamp processed by such a method. This has a lamp bulb, in which a light source is received with power supply lines and limits a filling gas receiving space, which is sealed by a pinch seal. According to the invention, after filling, a part of the lamp bulb is heated by heat supply and deformed or remelted to change the outer contour of the lamp envelope.

Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf die oben näher erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiele. Beispielsweise kann mittels eines CO2-Lasers und einer Fokussieroptik sowie dem oben beschriebenen Scanner ein aus einem Glas, insbesondere Hartglas oder Weichglas, bestehendes Lampengefäß, das zum Beispiel als Außenkolben für eine Halogenglühlampe oder eine Hochdruckentladungslampe verwendet wird, mit einer Mattierung versehen werden, indem ein Teil der Oberfläche oder die gesamte Oberfläche des Lampengefäßes mit Hilfe des Lasers durch Abtragen - d.h., durch Verdampfen und Absaugen - von Glas aufgeraut wird oder indem, insbesondere bei Weichglas, durch Erzeugung von winzigen Rissen, die als Streuzentren wirken, der Mattierungseffekt erzeugt wirdThe invention is not limited to the embodiments explained in more detail above. For example, by means of a CO 2 laser and a focusing lens and the scanner described above, a lamp vessel consisting of a glass, in particular toughened glass or soft glass, which is used, for example, as an outer bulb for a halogen incandescent lamp or a high-pressure discharge lamp, be provided with a matting by a part of the surface or the entire surface of the lamp vessel is roughened by glass by ablation - ie by evaporation and suction - or by the matting effect being produced, in particular in soft glass, by producing tiny cracks which act as scattering centers

Bei Gläsern (insbesondere Weichglas oder Hartglas) kann durch die großflächige Erwärmung mittels eines Lasers der Abbau von mechanischen Spannungen im Glas und die Beseitigung von mikroskopisch kleinen Rissen an der Glasoberfläche erfolgen. Derzeit werden die fertigen Lampen meist in einem Temperofen der Wärmebehandlung zwecks Abbau mechanischer Spannungen im Glas unterworfen. Nachteilig ist hier, dass dabei auch Sockelteile oder die Stromzuführung erhitzt werden und oxidieren können. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann der Glaskolben gezielt lokal einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen werden, um mechanische Spannungen im Glaskolben abzubauen, ohne dass die Stromzuführungen und die Sockelteile dabei erhitzt werden.For glasses (especially soft glass or tempered glass) can be done by the large-scale heating by means of a laser, the degradation of mechanical stresses in the glass and the elimination of microscopic cracks on the glass surface. Currently, the finished lamps are usually subjected to heat treatment in a tempering furnace for the purpose of reducing mechanical stresses in the glass. The disadvantage here is that while socket parts or the power supply can be heated and oxidized. In the method according to the invention, the glass bulb can be locally subjected to a heat treatment in order to reduce mechanical stresses in the glass bulb, without the current leads and the base parts being heated in the process.

Claims (11)

  1. Method for processing a lamp (1) having a lamp bulb (2), in which a luminous means (12) having power supply lines (14, 16; 18, 20; 22, 24) is accommodated and which delimits a space accommodating filling gas, which space is closed by a pinch seal (8), characterized in that, after filling and pinch-sealing, a section of the lamp bulb (2) is heated by a supply of heat and deformed or fused or tempered.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, the heating taking place by means of laser beams or the like.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, the laser beam being guided along a predetermined movement path such that the section of the lamp bulb (2) is subjected to a heat treatment by means of the laser beam and the mechanical stresses in the glass are reduced there.
  4. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, the laser beam being guided along a predetermined movement path such that a surface layer is remelted areally or a surface pattern (32, 34) is formed by means of fusing or by means of material removal.
  5. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, the lamp bulb (2) being deformed, after being heated to a deformation temperature, by means of a tool.
  6. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, at least part of the surface of the lamp bulb or of a vitreous lamp vessel surrounding the lamp bulb being roughened or given a matt finish by means of laser beams.
  7. Lamp having a lamp bulb (2), in which a luminous means (12) having power supply lines (14, 16; 18, 20; 22, 24) is accommodated and which delimits a space for accommodating filling gas, which space is closed in a sealing manner by means of a pinch seal (8), characterized in that, after filling and pinch-sealing, a section of the lamp bulb (2) is heated by a supply of heat and deformed or remelted.
  8. Lamp according to Claim 7, said lamp being provided with a heat-reflecting coating, and the lamp bulb (2) being deformed elliptically at least in sections, in cross section (42).
  9. Lamp according to Claim 7 or 8, the luminous means being at least one filament (12) which is held by pimples (36) on the lamp bulb (2).
  10. Lamp according to one of Claims 7 to 9, the surface pattern being a faceted portion (32, 34).
  11. Lamp according to Claim 10, the faceted portion (32, 34) running in the parallel direction or in the zigzag direction.
EP05752461A 2004-06-09 2005-05-19 Method for machining a lamp and lamp machined by said method Not-in-force EP1754238B1 (en)

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DE102004028004A DE102004028004A1 (en) 2004-06-09 2004-06-09 A method of processing a lamp and lamp processed by such a method
PCT/DE2005/000922 WO2005122206A2 (en) 2004-06-09 2005-05-19 Method for machining a lamp and lamp machined by said method

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DE102004027997A1 (en) 2004-06-09 2005-12-29 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Method and device for producing a lamp
WO2008125611A1 (en) * 2007-04-16 2008-10-23 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Method for the aftermarket removal or modification of an outer glass coating on a light bulb, and lamp produced by such a method
TWI421439B (en) * 2008-03-21 2014-01-01 Liquidleds Lighting Corp Glass package LED bulb and its manufacturing method
CN105047524B (en) * 2015-05-08 2018-07-31 海宁市新宇光能科技有限公司 Blister sealed-off system with lead thermal insulation protection

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US4756701A (en) * 1986-06-19 1988-07-12 General Electric Company Method of making a tungsten-halogen lamps having an enhanced temperature gradient
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US5108333A (en) * 1988-12-19 1992-04-28 Patent Treuhand fur elektrische Gluhlampen m.b.H. Method of making a double-ended high-pressure discharge lamp
DE3842769A1 (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-06-21 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TWO-SIDED HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP
DE4008367A1 (en) * 1990-03-15 1991-09-26 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh ONE-SIDED CRUSHED HALOGEN BULB
US5146134A (en) * 1990-03-15 1992-09-08 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen M.B.H. Halogen incandescent lamp, particularly for operation from power networks, and method of its manufacture
DE4233469A1 (en) * 1992-10-05 1994-04-07 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Method for producing a high-pressure discharge lamp of small wattage, which is pinched on one side, and high-pressure discharge lamps
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ATE429706T1 (en) 2009-05-15
CN101218656B (en) 2010-05-26
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CA2568635A1 (en) 2005-12-22
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CN101218656A (en) 2008-07-09
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US20080050997A1 (en) 2008-02-28
WO2005122206A3 (en) 2008-03-06

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