EP0810622B1 - Lamp manufacturing procedure - Google Patents

Lamp manufacturing procedure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0810622B1
EP0810622B1 EP97108275A EP97108275A EP0810622B1 EP 0810622 B1 EP0810622 B1 EP 0810622B1 EP 97108275 A EP97108275 A EP 97108275A EP 97108275 A EP97108275 A EP 97108275A EP 0810622 B1 EP0810622 B1 EP 0810622B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
glass
lamp
vacuum
tube
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EP97108275A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0810622A2 (en
EP0810622A3 (en
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Karl-Heinz Dr. Sossenheimer
Hermann Leiss
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Schott AG
Carl Zeiss AG
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Carl Zeiss AG
Schott Glaswerke AG
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Publication of EP0810622A3 publication Critical patent/EP0810622A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/40—Closing vessels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K3/00—Apparatus or processes adapted to the manufacture, installing, removal, or maintenance of incandescent lamps or parts thereof
    • H01K3/26—Closing of vessels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a lamp with a Lighting system, a glass body that can be connected vacuum-tight as an envelope, a base unit for mounting the lamp in the lighting fixture and with for the operation of the necessary electrical supply lines.
  • the special feature of the metal halide lamp is its white light, from warm white to daylight white. They are also characterized by high luminous efficacy and excellent color rendering properties.
  • Sodium xenon lamps represent a modern and economical lighting system for today's accent and general lighting, for example because their color temperature can also be switched.
  • High-pressure sodium vapor lamps are the most economical light sources in terms of overall economic efficiency.
  • Mercury vapor lamps are a preferred and very powerful light source for indoor and outdoor use with high public traffic.
  • United States Patent 3,716,285 is concerned with a lamp which is a composite Shell made of translucent tubes and having infrared radiation absorbing glass.
  • the end of the IR absorbing part of the composite sheath is against Lead wires hermetically sealed.
  • the seal is achieved in that IR radiation is focused on the seal assembly.
  • the envelope is evacuated through the opposite end, possibly gas-filled and then also completed.
  • Oxidation of the wires is to be reduced to a minimum in that the sealing process either in an evacuated or filled with inert gas Chamber takes place, but the walls are transparent to IR radiation.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that one-sided open by blowing Envelope and at the same time a thread or other closure device as a base unit at the other, closed end of the enveloping body itself is formed, passages in the otherwise closed base unit for the necessary supply lines, with the help of centering units and guiding devices introduced the lighting system into the envelope and is fixed that the leads to the passages in the base unit carried out and for the formation of contact points and then vacuum-tight with the envelope are fused, and then on the envelope itself, by heating and narrowing deformation at its open end a vacuum nozzle is formed, with the help of the lamp by melting this Nozzle is permanently evacuated after applying a suitable vacuum.
  • the glass body consists of a glass with the composition (in% by weight on an oxide basis) SiO 2 70-78; B 2 O 3 10 - 16; Al 2 O 3 2-6; Na 2 O 2-6; K 2 O 0.5-2; MgO 0-1; CaO 0.5-2; BaO 1.5-3, in particular with the composition SiO 2 74; B 2 O 3 13; Al 2 O 3 4; Na 2 O 4; K20 1.5; MgO 0.5; CaO 1; BaO 2; which is also available under the brand name SUPRAX® from Schott Glaswerke.
  • Glass bodies with wall thicknesses of 0.6 to 2.5 mm and with diameters are used manufactured and processed from 20 to 250 mm.
  • FIGS 1 to 4 illustrate the prior art on which the present Invention builds up.
  • the multi-part glass body 3 comprises a cladding tube 4, which is initially open on one side, a funnel tube 5 which can be inserted into this cladding tube 4 and is funnel-shaped at one of its ends, and a further tube 6 which can be inserted into and can be connected to this funnel tube 5, the so-called "pump stem”. for later evacuation of the interior 7 of the lamp 1.
  • the lamp 1 is held in a chuck 8 or 9 for further processing on the cladding tube 4 and on the pump stem 6.
  • the cladding tube 4 is heated by means of a burner 10 at its lower end at the level of the funnel 5a of the tube 5.
  • the other disadvantage of the conventional method is that it is not insignificant Glass quantities of the cladding tube 4 are obtained as residual glass and must be discarded.
  • FIG. 3 then already shows the evacuated lamp 1 with the melted-off "pump stem” 6 and the vacuum-tight through the base region 11 of the lamp 1, which is formed from the cladding tube 4 and the funnel 5a of the tube 5 in a separate further working step by means of a form roller is guided electrical supply lines 12 which are connected to the lighting system 2 in a current-carrying manner via a metal base 13, as can be seen in FIG .
  • the metal base 13 is often designed as a thread and fastened to the base region 11 by means of a cement.
  • the putty has to meet special requirements because it has to compensate for the different thermal expansion behavior between glass and metal, even at temperatures of 20 to 400 ° C and over long periods, without becoming brittle.
  • Another very expensive possibility of connecting the metal base 13 to the glass wall of the base region 11 is to blow the glass wall heated by the burner to the state of deformability against the metal base 13. This process step must, however, take place before the lamp is evacuated, the "pump stem” then being blown over the tube 6.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 show the method and the lamp according to the present invention.
  • a single glass body 4 is produced by blowing into a corresponding shape and two holes are immediately pushed into the still plastic glass body as passages 19 a / b for the contact wires as an electrical lead 12 in the base part 11 (FIG. 5 ).
  • the lighting system 2 is then inserted into the glass body 4 from above.
  • Stabilizers and a centering unit 20 guide the two electrical leads 12 a / b to the passages 19 a / b in such a way that they can exit at the two holes.
  • the leads 12 a / b are melted down in a vacuum-tight manner in the passages 19 a / b, which can be done either by direct melting into the jacket of the glass body 4, or by soldering with a glass solder bump, which vacuum-tightens the wires as electrical leads 12 a / b connects to the jacket of the vitreous 4.
  • the contact points with which the lamp is connected in the base region to the current-carrying socket of the lighting fixture are preferably metallized over a large area. If only slight loads on the lamp are to be expected (e.g. screwing in 1 x), a conductive connection to the screw-in base can only be created by suitably bending the wires of the leads 12 a / b.
  • the glass body 4 is then deformed at its open end so that it forms a vacuum nozzle 21.
  • This is easily possible in one operation by means of a melting device on the heated and plastically deformable glass body 4.
  • the interior 7 of the lamp 1 is then evacuated via this nozzle 21 by suction at a customary negative pressure and the nozzle 21 is melted shut (FIG. 8).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Lampe mit einem Leuchtsystem, einem damit vakuumdicht verbindbaren Glaskörper als Hüllkörper, einer Sockeleinheit zur Montage der Lampe im Beleuchtungskörper und mit den für den Betrieb jeweils notwendigen elektrischen Zuleitungen.The invention relates to a method for producing a lamp with a Lighting system, a glass body that can be connected vacuum-tight as an envelope, a base unit for mounting the lamp in the lighting fixture and with for the operation of the necessary electrical supply lines.

Die Erfindung hat dabei insbesondere auch sogenannte Entladungslampen, wie

  • Halogen-Metall-Dampf-Lampen
  • Natrium-Xenon-Lampen
  • Natrium-Dampf-Hochdruck-Lampen
  • Quecksilber-Dampf-Lampen.
zum Gegenstand.The invention has in particular so-called discharge lamps, such as
  • Halogen metal vapor lamps
  • Sodium xenon lamps
  • High pressure sodium vapor lamps
  • Mercury vapor lamps.
to the subject.

Das besondere Merkmal der Halogen-Metalldampf-Lampe ist dabei ihr weißes Licht, von warm-weiß bis Tageslicht-weiß. Sie zeichnen sich darüber hinaus durch hohe Lichtausbeute und hervorragende Farbwiedergabe-Eigenschaften aus.
Natrium-Xenon-Lampen stellen ein modernes und wirtschaftliches Beleuchtungssystem für die heutige Akzent- und Allgemeinbeleuchtung dar, da beispielsweise auch ihre Farbtemperatur umschaltbar ist.
Natrium-Dampf-Hochdruck-Lampen sind, was die Gesamtwirtschaftlichkeit im Betrieb betrifft die derzeit wirtschaftlichsten Lichtquellen überhaupt.
Quecksilber-Dampf-Lampen sind eine bevorzugte und sehr leistungsstarke Lichtquelle für den Innen- und Außenbereich mit hohem Publikumsverkehr.The special feature of the metal halide lamp is its white light, from warm white to daylight white. They are also characterized by high luminous efficacy and excellent color rendering properties.
Sodium xenon lamps represent a modern and economical lighting system for today's accent and general lighting, for example because their color temperature can also be switched.
High-pressure sodium vapor lamps are the most economical light sources in terms of overall economic efficiency.
Mercury vapor lamps are a preferred and very powerful light source for indoor and outdoor use with high public traffic.

Nach dem Stand der Technik werden diese Hochvakuum-Lampen aus folgenden Teilen und mit folgenden Arbeitsschritten hergestellt:

  • 1) An einem Glasrohr mittleren Durchmessers (B) wird ein Trichter aufgetrieben und der/das Rohrende abgesprengt.
  • 2) An einem dünnen Glasrohr (C) das später zur Evakuierung verwendet wird, dem sogenannten "Pumpstengel" wird ebenfalls ein Trichter aufgetrieben und
  • 3) das Rohr (C) in das Rohr (B) zusammen mit den Leuchtsystem eingeschmolzen.
  • 4) diese Einheit wird dann in ein größeres Glasrohr (A) eingeführt, eingespannt und
  • 5) das Rohr (A) auf den Durchmesser des Trichters des Rohres (B) eingeengt und damit verschmolzen. Dies geschieht durch Erwärmen mit einem Brenner, wobei der abgeschmolzene Rand durch sein Eigengewicht zur Einschnürung und damit zur Verbindung des Trichters mit dem Rohr (A) führt. Hierbei wird als Schutz für das Rohr (C) eine Kohlehülse verwendet, die zum anschließenden Evakuieren wieder entfernt wird. Nach der Evakuierung des gesamten Lampensystems wird das Glasrohr (C) abgeschmolzen.
  • 6) Anschließend wird der Durchmesser des Rohres (A) im Bereich des gesamten Sockeleinheit für die Anbringung eines metallischen Sockels auf etwa den Durchmesser, wie bei Schritt 5 vorgenommen verengt.
  • 7) Abschließend wird dann der Metallsockel an der Lampe angebracht, insbesondere angekittet.
    • According to the state of the art, these high vacuum lamps are manufactured from the following parts and with the following steps:
  • 1) A funnel is opened on a glass tube of medium diameter (B) and the end of the tube is blown off.
  • 2) A funnel is also opened on a thin glass tube (C) that will later be used for evacuation, the so-called "pump stem"
  • 3) the tube (C) is melted into the tube (B) together with the lighting system.
  • 4) this unit is then inserted into a larger glass tube (A), clamped and
  • 5) the tube (A) is narrowed to the diameter of the funnel of the tube (B) and fused with it. This is done by heating with a burner, whereby the melted edge, due to its own weight, leads to constriction and thus to the connection of the funnel to the tube (A). Here, a carbon sleeve is used as protection for the pipe (C), which is removed for subsequent evacuation. After the entire lamp system has been evacuated, the glass tube (C) is melted off.
  • 6) The diameter of the tube (A) in the area of the entire base unit for attaching a metallic base is then narrowed to approximately the diameter as carried out in step 5.
  • 7) Finally, the metal base is attached to the lamp, in particular cemented on.

    • Nachteilig ist hierbei, daß

    • drei Glasrohre, ein Hüllrohr, ein Trichterrohr und der sog. Pumpenstengel notwendig sind, die alle untereinander und mit dem Leuchtsystem verschmolzen werden müssen;
    • das Glasrohr (A) in Überlänge hergestellt wird und beim Anschmelzen an den Trichter des Rohres (B) ein größerer Glasabschnitt als Restglas abfällt;
    • auch bei nur leicht ungleicher Wandstärke des Glasrohres (A) beim Abschmelzen der Rand schlecht, d. h. ungleichmäßig abschmilzt, was zum Ausfall der gesamten Lampe führen kann,
    • daß der Kitt, mit dem das Metallgewinde als Sockel üblicherweise auf dem Glasteil befestigt wird durch unterschiedliche Wärmedehnung von metallischem Gewinde und Glas versprödet und die Verbindung zwischen Metall und Glas geschwächt wird.
    The disadvantage here is that
    • three glass tubes, a cladding tube, a funnel tube and the so-called pump stem are necessary, all of which have to be fused to one another and to the lighting system;
    • the glass tube (A) is produced in excess length and when it melts onto the funnel of the tube (B), a larger glass section falls off than residual glass;
    • even if the wall thickness of the glass tube (A) is only slightly uneven, the edge melts poorly, ie unevenly, when melting, which can lead to failure of the entire lamp,
    • that the cement, with which the metal thread is usually attached to the glass part as a base, becomes brittle due to different thermal expansion of the metallic thread and glass and the connection between metal and glass is weakened.

    Das United States Patent 3,716,285 hat eine Lampe zum Gegenstand die eine zusammengesetzte Hülle aus aneinander anliegenden Röhren aus lichtdurchlässigem und Infrarotstrahlung absorbierendem Glas aufweist.United States Patent 3,716,285 is concerned with a lamp which is a composite Shell made of translucent tubes and having infrared radiation absorbing glass.

    Das Ende des IR-absorbierenden Teiles der zusammengesetzten Hülle wird gegen Drähte aus Blei hermetisch abgedichtet. Die Abdichtung wird dadurch erreicht, daß IR-Strahlung auf die Dichtungsanordnung fokusiert wird.The end of the IR absorbing part of the composite sheath is against Lead wires hermetically sealed. The seal is achieved in that IR radiation is focused on the seal assembly.

    Die Hülle wird durch das gegenüberliegende Ende evakuiert, gegebenenfalls gasbefüllt und danach ebenfalls abgeschlossen.The envelope is evacuated through the opposite end, possibly gas-filled and then also completed.

    Eine Oxidation der Drähte soll dabei dadurch auf ein Minimum reduziert werden, daß der Abdichtungsprozeß entweder in einer evakuierten oder mit Inertgas gefüllten Kammer erfolgt, deren Wände aber für IR-Strahlung durchlässig sind.Oxidation of the wires is to be reduced to a minimum in that the sealing process either in an evacuated or filled with inert gas Chamber takes place, but the walls are transparent to IR radiation.

    Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein einfaches Verfahren vorzustellen, das bei einer erheblichen Materialersparnis, ohne Restglas und mit geringeren Ausgangstoleranzen eines (!) Glaskörpers eine erheblich einfachere und schnellere Fertigung mit höheren Schnittzahlen erlaubt.
    Des weiteren ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Lampe auch ohne ein Sockelgewinde aus Metall herstellen und einsetzen zu können.     It is therefore an object of the present invention to present a simple method which, with considerable material savings, without residual glass and with lower starting tolerances of a (!) Glass body, permits considerably simpler and faster production with higher numbers of cuts.
    Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to be able to manufacture and use the lamp without a base thread made of metal.

    Gelöst wird die Aufgabe der Erfindung dadurch, daß durch Blasen ein einseitig offener Hüllkörper und gleichzeitig damit ein Gewinde oder eine andere Verschlußvorrichtung als Sockeleinheit an dem anderen, geschlossenen Ende des Hüllkörpers selbst ausgebildet wird, in die ansonsten geschlossene Sockeleinheit Durchlässe für die notwendigen Zuleitungen eingebracht werden, wobei mit Hilfe von Zentriereinheiten und Führungsvorrichtungen das Leuchtsystem so in den Hüllkörper eingebracht und fixiert wird, daß die Zuleitungen an die Durchlässe in der Sockeleinheit an- und zur Ausbildung von Kontaktstellen durchgeführt und dann vakuumdicht mit dem Hüllkörper verschmolzen werden, und anschließend an dem Hüllkörper selbst, durch Erwärmen und verengende Verformung an seinem offenen Ende ein Vakuumstutzen ausgebildet wird, mit dessen Hilfe die Lampe durch Zuschmelzen dieses Stutzens nach Anlegen eines geeigneten Vakuums dauerhaft evakuiert wird.The object of the invention is achieved in that one-sided open by blowing Envelope and at the same time a thread or other closure device as a base unit at the other, closed end of the enveloping body itself is formed, passages in the otherwise closed base unit for the necessary supply lines, with the help of centering units and guiding devices introduced the lighting system into the envelope and is fixed that the leads to the passages in the base unit carried out and for the formation of contact points and then vacuum-tight with the envelope are fused, and then on the envelope itself, by heating and narrowing deformation at its open end a vacuum nozzle is formed, with the help of the lamp by melting this Nozzle is permanently evacuated after applying a suitable vacuum.

    Der Glaskörper besteht dabei aus einem Glas mit der Zusammensetzung (in Gew.-% auf Oxidbasis) SiO2 70 - 78; B2O3 10 - 16; Al2O3 2 - 6; Na2O 2 - 6; K2O 0,5 - 2; MgO 0 - 1; CaO 0,5 - 2; BaO 1,5 - 3, insbesondere mit der Zusammensetzung SiO2 74; B2O3 13; Al2O3 4; Na2O 4; K20 1,5; MgO 0,5; CaO 1; BaO 2; das auch unter dem Markennamen SUPRAX® der Fa. Schott Glaswerke im Handel ist.The glass body consists of a glass with the composition (in% by weight on an oxide basis) SiO 2 70-78; B 2 O 3 10 - 16; Al 2 O 3 2-6; Na 2 O 2-6; K 2 O 0.5-2; MgO 0-1; CaO 0.5-2; BaO 1.5-3, in particular with the composition SiO 2 74; B 2 O 3 13; Al 2 O 3 4; Na 2 O 4; K20 1.5; MgO 0.5; CaO 1; BaO 2; which is also available under the brand name SUPRAX® from Schott Glaswerke.

    Dabei werden Glaskörper mit Wandstärken von 0,6 bis 2,5 mm und mit Durchmessern von 20 bis 250 mm hergestellt und verarbeitet.Glass bodies with wall thicknesses of 0.6 to 2.5 mm and with diameters are used manufactured and processed from 20 to 250 mm.

    Die Erfindung wird durch die nachfolgenden Figuren 1 bis 8, im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik, näher beschrieben und erläutert.The invention is illustrated by the following Figures 1 to 8, compared to the state the technology, described and explained in more detail.

    Die Figuren 1 bis 4 veranschaulichen den Stand der Technik, auf dem die vorliegende Erfindung aufbaut.Figures 1 to 4 illustrate the prior art on which the present Invention builds up.

    So zeigt Figur 1 eine Lampe 1 mit einem Leuchtsystem 2 und einem damit vakuumdicht verbindbaren, mehrteiligen Glaskörper 3.
    Der mehrteilige Glaskörper 3 umfaßt dabei ein zuerst einseitig offenes Hüllrohr 4, ein in dieses Hüllrohr 4 einführbares und an einem seiner Enden trichterförmig ausgebildetes Trichterrohr 5 und ein in dieses Trichterrohr 5 einführbares und mit ihm verbindbares weiteres Rohr 6, den sog. "Pumpstengel", zur späteren Evakuierung des Innenraumes 7 der Lampe 1. Die Lampe 1 ist zu ihrer Weiterverarbeitung am Hüllrohr 4 und am Pumpstengel 6 je in einem Spannfutter 8 oder 9 festgehalten. Das Hüllrohr 4 wird mittels eines Brenners 10 an seinem unteren Ende in Höhe des Trichters 5a des Rohres 5 erwärmt.     1 shows a lamp 1 with a lighting system 2 and a multi-part glass body 3 that can be connected in a vacuum-tight manner.
    The multi-part glass body 3 comprises a cladding tube 4, which is initially open on one side, a funnel tube 5 which can be inserted into this cladding tube 4 and is funnel-shaped at one of its ends, and a further tube 6 which can be inserted into and can be connected to this funnel tube 5, the so-called "pump stem". for later evacuation of the interior 7 of the lamp 1. The lamp 1 is held in a chuck 8 or 9 for further processing on the cladding tube 4 and on the pump stem 6. The cladding tube 4 is heated by means of a burner 10 at its lower end at the level of the funnel 5a of the tube 5.

    Figur 2: Figure 2 :

    Ist das Glas des Hüllrohres 4 ausreichend lange bis zu Temperaturen von etwa 1200 bis 1220 °C erwärmt, beginnt es zu schmelzen, wobei das Eigengewicht des im Abschmelzen befindlichen Randes 4a des Hüllrohres 4 zu einer Einschnürung bei gleichzeitiger Verschmelzung mit dem Trichter 5a des Rohres 5 führt.Is the glass of the cladding tube 4 sufficiently long up to temperatures of about 1200 heated to 1220 ° C, it begins to melt, the weight of the melting located edge 4a of the cladding tube 4 to a constriction simultaneous fusion with the funnel 5a of the tube 5 leads.

    Hier liegt auch eine der Schwächen des Verfahrens nach dem Stand der Technik: Wenn nämlich bei ungleicher Wandstärke des Hüllkörpers 4 der Rand 4a auch nur etwas ungleichmäßig abschmilzt, kann das dazu führen, daß die gesamte Lampe 1 sofort ausfällt und verworfen werden muß oder in ihrer Lebensdauer weit unter den akzeptierbaren Werten liegt.
    Daher werden sehr hohe Anforderungen an die Toleranz der Wandstärke des Hüllkörpers 4 gestellt. Typisch sind Wandstärken von 0,5 bis 2,5 mm mit Toleranzen von 1,5 ± 1 mm (in Abhängigkeit vom Durchmesser des Hüllkörpers).
    Die Herstellung solcher Hüllkörper 4 ist entsprechend aufwendig und teuer.    This is also one of the weaknesses of the prior art method: if the edge 4a melts even slightly unevenly when the wall 4 of the envelope body 4 is uneven, this can lead to the entire lamp 1 failing immediately and having to be discarded or in it Lifespan is far below the acceptable values.
    Therefore, very high demands are placed on the tolerance of the wall thickness of the enveloping body 4. Wall thicknesses of 0.5 to 2.5 mm with tolerances of 1.5 ± 1 mm (depending on the diameter of the envelope) are typical.
    The production of such enveloping bodies 4 is correspondingly complex and expensive.

    Der andere Nachteil des herkömmlichen Verfahrens liegt darin, daß nicht unerhebliche Glasmengen des Hüllrohres 4 als Restglas anfallen und verworfen werden müssen.The other disadvantage of the conventional method is that it is not insignificant Glass quantities of the cladding tube 4 are obtained as residual glass and must be discarded.

    Figur 3 zeigt dann schon die evakuierte Lampe 1 mit dem abgeschmolzenen "Pumpstengel" 6 und den vakuumdicht durch den, in einem eigenen weiteren Arbeitsschritt mittels einer Formrolle ausgebildeten Sockelbereich 11 der Lampe 1, der aus dem Hüllrohr 4 und dem Trichter 5a des Rohres 5 gebildet ist, geführten elektrischen Zuleitungen 12 die über einen Metallsockel 13, wie in Figur 4 zu sehen, stromführend mit dem Leuchtsystem 2 verbunden sind.
    Der Metallsockel 13 ist oft als Gewinde ausgebildet und am Sockelbereich 11 mittels eines Kittes befestigt.     FIG. 3 then already shows the evacuated lamp 1 with the melted-off "pump stem" 6 and the vacuum-tight through the base region 11 of the lamp 1, which is formed from the cladding tube 4 and the funnel 5a of the tube 5 in a separate further working step by means of a form roller is guided electrical supply lines 12 which are connected to the lighting system 2 in a current-carrying manner via a metal base 13, as can be seen in FIG .
    The metal base 13 is often designed as a thread and fastened to the base region 11 by means of a cement.

    An den Kitt werden dabei besondere Anforderungen gestellt, denn er muß das unterschiedliche Wärmedehnungsverhalten zwischen Glas und Metall auch bei Temperaturen von 20 bis 400 °C und über lange Zeiträume kompensieren, ohne zu verspröden.
    Eine andere, sehr aufwendige Möglichkeit den Metallsockel 13 mit der Glaswand des Sockelbereiches 11 zu verbinden ist, die von Brennern bis in den Zustand der Verformbarkeit erwärmte Glaswand gegen den Metallsockel 13 zu blasen. Dieser Verfahrensschritt muß allerdings vor dem Evakuieren der Lampe erfolgen, wobei dann über das Rohr 6, den "Pumpstengel" geblasen wird.    The putty has to meet special requirements because it has to compensate for the different thermal expansion behavior between glass and metal, even at temperatures of 20 to 400 ° C and over long periods, without becoming brittle.
    Another very expensive possibility of connecting the metal base 13 to the glass wall of the base region 11 is to blow the glass wall heated by the burner to the state of deformability against the metal base 13. This process step must, however, take place before the lamp is evacuated, the "pump stem" then being blown over the tube 6.

    Die Figuren 5 bis 8 zeigen das Verfahren und die Lampe nach der vorliegen Erfindung.FIGS. 5 to 8 show the method and the lamp according to the present invention.

    Ein einziger Glaskörper 4 wird durch Blasen in eine entsprechende Form hergestellt und in den noch plastischen Glaskörper sofort zwei Löcher als Durchlässe 19 a/b für die Kontaktdrähte als elektrische Zuleitung 12 in den Sockelteil 11 gestoßen (Figur 5).A single glass body 4 is produced by blowing into a corresponding shape and two holes are immediately pushed into the still plastic glass body as passages 19 a / b for the contact wires as an electrical lead 12 in the base part 11 (FIG. 5 ).

    Wie in Figur 6 gezeigt, wird dann das Leuchtsystem 2 in den Glaskörper 4 von oben eingeführt. Stabilisatoren und eine Zentriereinheit 20 führen die beiden elektrischen Zuleitungen 12 a/b so an die Durchlässe 19 a/b heran, daß sie an den beiden Löchern austreten können.
    Anschließend werden die Zuleitungen 12 a/b vakuumdicht in den Durchlässen 19 a/b eingeschmolzen, was einmal durch direkte Einschmelzung in den Mantel des Glaskörpers 4 erfolgen kann, oder durch Einlöten mit einer Glaslötperle, die die Drähte als elektrische Zuleitungen 12 a/b vakuumdicht mit dem Mantel des Glaskörpers 4 verbindet. Dann werden die Kontaktpunkte, mit denen die Lampe im Sockelbereich mit der stromleitenden Fassung des Beleuchtungskörpers in Verbindung steht bevorzugt flächig metallisiert. Wenn nur geringe Belastungen der Lampe zu erwarten sind (z. B. 1 x einschrauben) kann auch nur durch geeignetes Biegen der Drähte der Zuleitungen 12 a/b eine leitende Verbindung zum Einschraubsockel geschaffen werden.    As shown in FIG. 6 , the lighting system 2 is then inserted into the glass body 4 from above. Stabilizers and a centering unit 20 guide the two electrical leads 12 a / b to the passages 19 a / b in such a way that they can exit at the two holes.
    Subsequently, the leads 12 a / b are melted down in a vacuum-tight manner in the passages 19 a / b, which can be done either by direct melting into the jacket of the glass body 4, or by soldering with a glass solder bump, which vacuum-tightens the wires as electrical leads 12 a / b connects to the jacket of the vitreous 4. Then the contact points with which the lamp is connected in the base region to the current-carrying socket of the lighting fixture are preferably metallized over a large area. If only slight loads on the lamp are to be expected (e.g. screwing in 1 x), a conductive connection to the screw-in base can only be created by suitably bending the wires of the leads 12 a / b.

    Wie aus Figur 7 zu entnehmen, wird dann der Glaskörper 4 an seinem oben offenen Ende so verformt, daß er einen Vakuumstutzen 21 ausbildet. Dies ist problemlos in einem Arbeitsgang mittels einer Abschmelzvorrichtung am erwärmten und plastisch verformbaren Glaskörper 4 möglich. Über diesen Stutzen 21 wird dann der Innenraum 7 der Lampe 1 durch Saugen auf einem üblichen Unterdruck evakuiert und der Stutzen 21 zugeschmolzen (Figur 8). As can be seen from FIG. 7 , the glass body 4 is then deformed at its open end so that it forms a vacuum nozzle 21. This is easily possible in one operation by means of a melting device on the heated and plastically deformable glass body 4. The interior 7 of the lamp 1 is then evacuated via this nozzle 21 by suction at a customary negative pressure and the nozzle 21 is melted shut (FIG. 8).

    Die Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung sind:

    • es wird nur noch ein (!) einfacher Glaskörper benötigt, statt drei Stück, die auch noch untereinander und mit dem Leuchtsystem vakuumdicht verschmolzen werden müssen, und z. B. komplizierte Geometrien aufweisen
    • erhebliche Materialersparnis von mindestens 15 % Glas
    • bei der Fertigung des einen Glaskörpers sind wesentlich geringere Toleranzen einzuhalten (Toleranzaufweitung)
    • mindestens 10 % höhere Schnittzahlen bei der Fertigung des einen (!) einfachen Glaskörpers
    • geringere Verpackungs- und Transportkosten
    • kein Anfall von Restglas, u. U. von verschiedenen Lieferanten
    • keine aufwendige Entsorgung
    • schnelleres Verfahren durch Wegfall der Notwendigkeit 3 verschieden geformte Glaskörper vakuumdicht verschmelzen zu müssen
    • kein metallischer, insb. Gewinde-Sockel, der angekittet oder angeformt werden muß.
    The advantages of the present invention are:
    • only one (!) simple glass body is required, instead of three pieces, which also have to be vacuum-sealed with each other and with the lighting system. B. have complicated geometries
    • considerable material savings of at least 15% glass
    • when manufacturing one glass body, significantly lower tolerances must be observed (tolerance widening)
    • at least 10% higher numbers of cuts in the manufacture of one (!) simple glass body
    • lower packaging and transportation costs
    • no accumulation of residual glass, u. U. from different suppliers
    • no elaborate disposal
    • faster process by eliminating the need to melt 3 differently shaped glass bodies in a vacuum-tight manner
    • no metallic, especially threaded base that has to be cemented or molded on.

    Claims (3)

    1. Process for producing a lamp (1) having an illumination system (2), a glass body which can be connected thereto in a vacuum-tight manner, as an envelope (4), a cap unit (11) for mounting the lamp (1) in the light fitting and having the supply conductors (12) which are in each case necessary for operation, characterized in that an envelope (4) which is open on one side and, at the same time as the envelope, a screw thread or other closure device as the cap unit (11) at the other, closed end of the envelope (4) itself are formed by blowing, passages (19) for the supply conductors (12) required are made in the otherwise closed cap unit (11), the illumination system (2) being introduced into and fixed in the envelope (4) with the aid of centring units (20) and guide devices in such a way that the supply conductors (12) are guided to the passages (12) in the cap unit (11) and through these passages to form contact points and are then fused in a vacuum-tight manner to the envelope (4), and then a vacuum connection piece (6) is formed on the envelope (4) itself, by heating and contracting deformation at its open end, with the aid of which vacuum connection piece the lamp (1) is permanently evacuated as a result of this connection piece (6) being fused closed after a suitable vacuum has been applied.
    2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the glass body is produced from a glass of the following composition (in % by weight based on oxide) SiO2 70 - 78 B2O3 10 - 16 Al2O3 2 - 6 Na2O 2 - 6 K2O 0.5 - 2 MgO 0 - 1 CaO 0.5 - 2 BaO 1.5 - 3
    3. Method according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that glass bodies with wall thicknesses of from 0.6 - 2.5 mm and with diameters of from 20 - 250 mm are produced and processed.
    EP97108275A 1996-05-28 1997-05-22 Lamp manufacturing procedure Expired - Lifetime EP0810622B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19621330 1996-05-28
    DE19621330A DE19621330C1 (en) 1996-05-28 1996-05-28 Process for producing a lamp and lamp produced by the process

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0810622A2 EP0810622A2 (en) 1997-12-03
    EP0810622A3 EP0810622A3 (en) 1998-03-04
    EP0810622B1 true EP0810622B1 (en) 2001-03-14

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    ID=7795467

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP97108275A Expired - Lifetime EP0810622B1 (en) 1996-05-28 1997-05-22 Lamp manufacturing procedure

    Country Status (2)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0810622B1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19621330C1 (en)

    Family Cites Families (7)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE1564513B2 (en) * 1966-12-17 1975-09-25 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Method and device for vacuum-tight closing of a bushing
    NL7016182A (en) * 1970-11-05 1972-05-09
    US3716285A (en) * 1971-08-18 1973-02-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of manufacturing subminiature electric lamps
    DE2737681A1 (en) * 1977-08-20 1979-02-22 Philips Patentverwaltung METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ELECTRIC LIGHT BULBS WITH AT LEAST ONE PISTON CRUSH
    US4403973A (en) * 1981-06-04 1983-09-13 Gte Products Corporation Photoflash lamp structure and fabrication process
    JPS60185357A (en) * 1984-03-05 1985-09-20 スタンレー電気株式会社 Method of producing bead-sealed gas bulb
    US5037342A (en) * 1988-11-15 1991-08-06 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen M.B.H. Method of making an electric lamp, and more particularly a lamp vessel in which electrodes are retained in the lamp by a pinch or press seal

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE19621330C1 (en) 1998-01-02
    DE59703123D1 (en) 2001-04-19
    EP0810622A2 (en) 1997-12-03
    EP0810622A3 (en) 1998-03-04

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