EP1753572A1 - Procede, ancre et perforeuse permettant d'ancrer l'ancre dans une base d'ancrage - Google Patents

Procede, ancre et perforeuse permettant d'ancrer l'ancre dans une base d'ancrage

Info

Publication number
EP1753572A1
EP1753572A1 EP05751001A EP05751001A EP1753572A1 EP 1753572 A1 EP1753572 A1 EP 1753572A1 EP 05751001 A EP05751001 A EP 05751001A EP 05751001 A EP05751001 A EP 05751001A EP 1753572 A1 EP1753572 A1 EP 1753572A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
drilling machine
vibration
armature
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05751001A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Hacker
Marc Schäffer
Diethard Fohr
Achim Hess
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fischerwerke GmbH and Co KG
Techtronic Industries GmbH
Original Assignee
Fischerwerke Artur Fischer GmbH and Co KG
A&M Electric Tools GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP04013086A external-priority patent/EP1602428A1/fr
Priority claimed from EP04013087A external-priority patent/EP1602839B1/fr
Priority claimed from DE200410033026 external-priority patent/DE102004033026A1/de
Application filed by Fischerwerke Artur Fischer GmbH and Co KG, A&M Electric Tools GmbH filed Critical Fischerwerke Artur Fischer GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP05751001A priority Critical patent/EP1753572A1/fr
Publication of EP1753572A1 publication Critical patent/EP1753572A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B37/00—Boring by making use of ultrasonic energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B31/00—Hand tools for applying fasteners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/002—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose self-cutting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/08—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
    • F16B13/0841—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation with a deformable sleeve member driven against the abutting surface of the head of the bolt or of a plug
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
    • B23B2226/75—Stone, rock or concrete
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
    • B23B2260/108—Piezoelectric elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2270/00—Details of turning, boring or drilling machines, processes or tools not otherwise provided for
    • B23B2270/30—Chip guiding or removal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for anchoring an anchor in an anchor base with the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to an anchor suitable for the method according to the invention with the features of the preamble of claim 8 and a drilling machine suitable for carrying out the method the features of the preamble of claim 18.
  • the invention is particularly directed to anchoring in concrete, stone, stone-like materials, masonry and similar materials as an anchor base, that is to anchoring in construction. It is known and customary to drill a borehole as an anchor hole with a hammer drill or hammer drill into the anchor base and then to insert and anchor an anchor in the anchor hole.
  • anchor in the sense of the invention should be understood very comprehensively and generally designate elements that can be anchored in an anchor hole, i.e. are attachable and with which an object can be attached to the anchor base.
  • Such anchors which can also be referred to as (expansion) anchors, are, for example, expansion anchors with a
  • Expansion sleeve and an expansion cone the expansion sleeve being expandable by sliding it onto the expansion cone or vice versa by pulling the expansion cone into the expansion sleeve and thereby being anchored in a borehole / anchor hole.
  • the anchoring in a cylindrical anchor hole is predominantly non-positive, due to the roughness or irregularity of the wall of the hole there is an additional
  • the anchor hole can also have a widening which forms an undercut which is positively engaged behind by an undercut anchor.
  • the object of the invention is to propose an alternative anchoring option.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to produce an anchor hole for anchoring an anchor by high-frequency vibration processing of the anchor base and to use the anchor as a tool.
  • the oscillation is preferably a longitudinal oscillation, but it is additionally or exclusively one
  • the method according to the invention provides for the anchor hole in the anchor base to be produced at least partially by machining the anchor base with high-frequency mechanical vibrations, in particular in the ultrasound range.
  • High frequency means an oscillation frequency of about 10 kHz or more, the ultrasound range is between about 20 kHz and 1000 MHz.
  • the anchor to be anchored itself forms a tool for high-frequency mechanical vibration processing of the anchor base, i.e. for producing the anchor hole and can also be referred to as a sonotrode. Only a part of the anchor can form the tool, for example the expansion sleeve or the expansion cone of an expansion anchor.
  • Partial production of the anchor hole is to be understood to mean that, for example, only a widening of the anchor hole, which forms an undercut for the form-fitting anchoring of an undercut expansion anchor, is produced by the high-frequency vibration processing after a cylindrical anchor hole, for example, has been conventionally used with an impact drill or a Hammer drill has been drilled.
  • the invention has several advantages, one or more of which come into play depending on the embodiment of the invention.
  • An advantage of the invention is that the
  • Manufacture of the anchor hole and the anchoring of the anchor can be done in one operation, wherein during the manufacture of the anchor hole by suction
  • Anchor hole is made overall by vibration machining. Another advantage of the invention is that the manufacture of the anchor hole by the high frequency
  • Vibration processing does not require any rotational movement of the tool, ie the armature used as the tool.
  • the anchor hole does not have to be circular Have cross-section, but any cross-sections of the anchor hole are possible.
  • the invention also enables the cross section of the anchor hole to change over its depth. Another advantage of the invention is that the vibration excitation of the anchor forming the tool prevents the anchor from jamming when it is driven in and spread apart in the anchor hole.
  • the anchor always creates free vibration excitation. It is avoided, for example, that an expansion sleeve of an expansion anchor is clamped in an annular gap between the expansion cone and a perforated wall when it is pushed onto an expansion cone. With conventional anchoring, there is a risk of jamming particularly when the expansion sleeve is spread into an undercut, for example a conical widening, of the anchor hole.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that tool wear becomes meaningless.
  • the anchor used as a tool is used only once, it practically forms a disposable tool for producing the anchor hole, in which it remains as an anchor. The service life of the anchor is sufficient to produce the anchor hole; if necessary, it can have a wear surcharge. An expensive and wear-resistant drilling tool is no longer necessary if the anchor hole is made as a whole by vibration machining.
  • the dimensional accuracy of the anchor hole is also improved by using the anchor only once as a tool in comparison with a wearing (closed) drill.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the armature used as a tool for producing the armature hole is excited at least approximately with a natural vibration frequency of the armature or all parts of a vibration drilling machine including the armature that vibrate with the armature, that is to say at least approximately in resonance with a vibration exciter. Material to be alienated or to be removed is ablated at this resonance frequency and, if necessary, also by cutting.
  • the armature which oscillates in its natural vibration frequency, carries out vibrations with a small amplitude and high effectiveness, only very small excitation amplitudes of, for example, 20 ⁇ m (micrometers) being required to excite these vibrations due to the resonance effect.
  • the high-frequency excitation with small amplitude leads to a low mechanical and acoustic load on the environment.
  • a vibratory drilling machine can be guided quietly by hand.
  • Anchor holes with different contours can be worked out sensitively and precisely.
  • the anchor used as a tool is intended to remain in the anchor hole made with it.
  • the armature excited to resonate vibrations removes the material of the anchor base exactly in its own circumferential contour.
  • An anchor hole is created which tightly surrounds the anchor and in which the anchor can develop high clamping forces. This also applies to honeycomb or hollow block bricks, pumice stone or the like, in which holes are too large in conventional drilling technology due to cut-outs.
  • the anchor can first be pulled out again to remove dust or the like from the anchor hole.
  • the anchor is advantageous after reaching an intended drilling depth from the
  • Vibration drilling machine unclamped and left in the anchor hole. Damage to the perforated walls in soft anchor bases such as gas concrete, plaster or the like is avoided. A new anchor is used for each anchoring, so that wear-related dimensional tolerances of the anchor hole cannot occur.
  • the anchor hole has an undercut, which is produced as a tool by the vibration processing with the anchor or a part of the anchor, for example an expansion sleeve.
  • the shape of the undercut is largely arbitrary, for example, it can be designed as a conical or step-shaped widening of the anchor hole.
  • Undercut can be drilled beforehand in a conventional manner by drilling with an impact drill or hammer drill, or it can also be produced by vibration machining.
  • This embodiment of the invention has the advantage that a precisely fitting undercut through the anchor or the part of the anchor that engages behind the undercut after the anchoring as
  • Vibration machining tool is manufactured.
  • the production of the undercut is simpler than a conventional reaming for widening the anchor hole for an undercut by laterally deflecting a special drill or the like.
  • Tool The deflection of, for example, the expansion sleeve of an undercut expansion anchor, which is used as a tool for producing the undercut by high-frequency vibration processing, is carried out in a simple manner by pushing the expansion sleeve onto the expansion cone with simultaneous vibration excitation of the expansion sleeve.
  • a feed is only straight and axial, a swiveling movement or other lateral deflection of the tool is not necessary.
  • the undercut can therefore deviate from a circular shape, in particular it is possible to introduce one or more expansion brackets at one or more circumferential locations of the anchor hole by vibration excitation laterally into the anchor base.
  • the undercut or undercuts are only made precisely where the one
  • Another application of the invention is the use of a concrete screw as an anchor and tool with which a thread is produced in a hole wall of an anchor hole in the anchor base by vibration processing.
  • the concrete screw can be vibrated axially and / or rotationally (oscillating).
  • the anchor hole can previously be drilled conventionally, in principle it is also possible to produce the anchor hole simultaneously with the production of the thread by vibrating the concrete screw as a tool. Concrete screws are known as such, they are traditionally applied with impulses
  • Rotary impact energy is screwed into a borehole previously drilled in an anchor base, a screw thread cutting into a hole wall.
  • the anchor base is usually concrete or stone.
  • a dowel or the like is not required, the concrete screw is screwed directly into the concrete.
  • a heavy and special impact wrench with high rotary impact energy is required.
  • Core diameter of the concrete screw is smaller than a diameter of the borehole, there is an annular space between a shaft of the concrete screw and a hole wall of the borehole.
  • the invention is directed to an anchor which is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the anchor according to the invention forms a tool (sonotrode) for producing the anchor hole in an anchor base made of, for example, concrete or steel by high-frequency mechanical
  • the anchor also forms the tool for producing an anchor hole for anchoring it in an anchor base. Only a part of the anchor can form the tool, for example the expansion sleeve or the shaft or the expansion cone of an expansion anchor.
  • the anchor according to the invention can be used as a tool also serve to produce only a part of the anchor hole by vibration processing, for example an undercut widening of the anchor hole which has previously been produced in a different way, for example drilled.
  • At least one natural oscillation frequency of the armature is preferably at
  • Excitation frequency of a high-frequency vibration exciter tuned.
  • the anchor hole can be produced with high efficiency with a small excitation amplitude of, for example, only 20 ⁇ m (micrometers) due to the resonance effect.
  • Undercut expansion anchor which, when spread and anchored, engages behind an undercut of the anchor hole.
  • the invention enables anchors with a cross-section deviating from a circular shape because the anchor forming the tool does not have to be driven in rotation to produce the anchor hole.
  • the invention enables, for example, angular or oval anchors, which are held in the anchor hole in a rotationally fixed manner. So far, this has not been possible when drilling a cylindrical, even undercut anchor hole.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the anchor is a concrete screw that forms the tool.
  • the concrete screw cuts its thread into the anchor base itself due to vibration excitation.
  • the advantage comes into play that the vibration excitation of the concrete screw prevents jamming, thread production is therefore easier, the thread can be cut deeper into the hole wall of the anchor hole in the anchor base, an intermediate space between a shank of the concrete screw and a perforated wall can be reduced; a shank diameter of the concrete screw that corresponds to a hole diameter of the anchor hole is possible.
  • the suction channel has suction channel for the extraction of rock powder, which arises in the at least partial production of the anchor hole by the vibration processing.
  • the suction channel extends from a front end of the armature, that is to say from a point at which the rock powder accumulates, to a rear region of the armature which protrudes from the anchor base or which is at least accessible for the suction of the rock powder is.
  • the suction channel can be, for example, a groove or a closed, internal channel in the manner of a bore.
  • the suction channel which can also be used for blowing out and / or as a feed channel for a drilling fluid, enables the anchor hole to be cleaned during manufacture.
  • the drilling fluid can be liquid or gaseous (for example air); abrasive drilling aids are preferably added to it.
  • the armature has a drill head which expands automatically during drilling.
  • the anchor has longitudinal slots in the area of its drill head, one end face of the drill head having a recess, for example, being concavely curved.
  • the axial contact pressure generated in the hole production on the end face of the drill head generates a radially outward spreading force via the concave curvature, which expands the armature radially outward in the region of the longitudinal slots.
  • the expansion takes place automatically as a function of the anchor hole progress. Without additional measures, an anchor hole that widens conically in the direction of drilling arises, the shape of which is exactly adapted to the anchor that widens conically in the direction of drilling. Without additional spreading measures, the anchor is positively fastened in the anchor hole with a high degree of accuracy.
  • a base body of the armature has a shaft and a free end designed as a drill head, the drill head having a non-circular cross-sectional contour that projects beyond the shaft in the radial direction. It can be produced in a simple manner prismatic anchor holes with a non-circular cross-sectional shape, the corners of the non-circular drill head at one
  • the invention provides a drilling machine designed as a vibration drilling machine with a high-frequency vibration exciter. It is preferably a handheld device and / or an electric drill.
  • the (drilling) tool is the armature clamped in the drilling machine, which in at least one natural vibration frequency is based on the excitation frequency of the high-frequency vibration exciter is tuned.
  • the excitation frequency and the natural vibration frequency are expediently above 10 kHz and in particular in the ultrasound range.
  • the vibration exciter and the armature forming the tool are at least approximately in resonance.
  • the drilling machine has a quick-action clamping device for the armature that can be operated without tools.
  • the quick-action clamping device can be a jaw chuck and is expediently a collet in which the anchor can be inserted with a precise fit.
  • the quick release device allows a good one
  • the anchors can be clamped in the hand-held drill in a simple manner and without an additional tool. After the anchor hole has been made, the anchor can be loosened (unclamped) quickly. Damage to the anchor hole when loosening the
  • Anchor from the drill is avoided.
  • the production of anchor holes and the insertion of the anchors can be done in a fast cycle.
  • the anchor advantageously has a threaded rod with which it is held in the clamping device of the drilling machine.
  • the armature itself or its base body can swing freely through the tensioning device without restriction. A high drilling performance can be achieved.
  • the threaded rod, with an expansion head possibly attached to it, is inserted into the anchor hole together with the anchor during the manufacture of the anchor hole. An additional subsequent installation effort is not necessary.
  • the clamping device of the drilling machine is designed as a magnetic holder and the armature is designed for magnetic attachment to the clamping device.
  • the armature is designed for magnetic attachment to the clamping device.
  • it has in particular a magnetically attractable material, preferably a soft magnetic iron material.
  • the anchor can be clamped in and released without much effort.
  • Magnetic force is sufficient to fix the armature, while the transmission of the vibration energy from the vibration exciter to the armature is brought about by surface pressure as a result of the hand-applied contact pressure.
  • the same also applies to a mounting of the armature on the tensioning device, in which either the Anchor or the tensioning device has an auxiliary pin for attaching the anchor.
  • the tensioning device is expediently made from a material with low sound absorption and in particular from titanium. It has been shown that the vibration energy of the vibration exciter can be transmitted to the anchor at least almost without loss.
  • the armature is held in a statically fixed and, in particular, non-rotatable manner in the tensioning device of the vibration drilling machine.
  • the statically fixed clamping of the armature used as a tool has the effect that its oscillating movement causing the vibration processing of the armature base is essentially exclusively a dynamic natural oscillation.
  • the fixed clamping leads to a precisely defined natural vibration frequency, which makes it easier to match the excitation frequency of the vibration exciter to the overall system.
  • the non-rotatable clamping of the anchor as a tool for producing the anchor hole allows the production of anchor holes with a cross-section deviating from the circular shape, in particular in connection with a non-circular drill head. After reaching the desired anchoring depth, the drill can be rotated together with the non-rotatably clamped anchor, the radially over the shaft of the
  • Anchor protruding parts of the drill head create an undercut that is precisely defined in shape compared to the non-circular core hole.
  • the vibration exciter of the drilling machine according to the invention is advantageously designed as a piezo exciter.
  • the electrical energy provided via a mains cable or a rechargeable battery is converted into a high-frequency alternating voltage using a generator and converted into mechanical vibrational energy with high efficiency by means of the piezo exciter.
  • high drilling performance can be achieved with comparatively low drive energy.
  • the vibratory drilling machine can be small, light and handy.
  • Drilling aids provided drilling fluid (preferably liquid, possibly gaseous) provided. Anchors with a variety of drilling heads can also be used without a cutting edge. The abrasive oscillating movement of the drill head, for example with a flat end face, is effectively supported by the abrasive drilling aids such as diamond dust or the like. The drilling fluid leads the drilled out
  • the suction device or the feed device expediently comprises a collector which is connected to a suction / rinsing channel arranged on the armature.
  • the suction / rinsing channel can be provided on the inside or on the outside surface of the armature.
  • connection of the collector to the suction / rinsing channel in the anchor allows universal use. For example, air can be sucked in through the collector and the suction / rinsing channel, the drilling dust removed in the area of the drill head being sucked off directly at the removal site, avoiding the formation of dust. The same arrangement can also flow through in the opposite direction.
  • Air flowing through the drilling dust can be effectively blown out of the borehole.
  • a drilling fluid for example in the form of water with diamond dust, can be pumped through the collector and the suction / rinsing channel to the drilling head.
  • a targeted dosage is possible.
  • a closed system can be formed with two collectors, with which air or the drilling fluid is supplied and also sucked off again.
  • anchor holes in stone or stone-like materials such as concrete or masonry or the like can be produced precisely.
  • Anchor hole remaining anchor fits snugly in the anchor hole created by himself.
  • non-circular anchor holes with an undercut and high shape accuracy can be produced, which are suitable for clamping and form-fitting fixing of corresponding anchors or expansion anchors.
  • Figure 1 shows a first anchor according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2a-c a second anchor according to the invention in different anchoring steps
  • Figure 3 shows a concrete screw according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows another anchor according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a hand drill with a piezo vibration exciter and a non-rotatably clamped armature as a tool according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a variant of the armature according to FIG. 5 with a radially protruding drill head
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic plan view of an anchor base with a triangular anchor hole with a circular undercut according to the invention
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the anchor base according to FIG. 7 with details of the undercut of the anchor hole and with the inserted anchor according to FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 shows a variant of the arrangement according to FIG. 5 with a further collector encompassing the anchor;
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged detail view of the anchor according to FIG. 9 with details of its self-expanding drill head according to the invention
  • FIG. 11 shows details of a clamping device according to FIG. 9 designed as a collet according to the invention
  • FIG. 12 shows a variant of the tensioning device according to FIG. 11 in the form of a magnetic holder
  • FIG. 13 shows a further variant of the tensioning device according to the invention with an auxiliary pin provided for attaching the armature.
  • the anchor 10 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is an undercut expansion anchor, it has an anchor shaft 12 and an expansion sleeve 14.
  • the anchor shaft 12 has a thread 16 at its rear end and a thread at a front end
  • the expansion sleeve 14 is tubular, it is displaceable on the shaft 12. In a front area facing the expansion cone 18, the expansion sleeve 14 has open slots 22 at the front, which divide the expansion sleeve 14 into expansion tabs 24.
  • the anchor 10 is introduced into a previously drilled, cylindrical anchor hole 28 in the anchor base 26, as shown in FIG. With the help of a radio frequency
  • the high-frequency drilling machine is or comprises a vibration generator that generates mechanical vibrations in the high-frequency range.
  • High frequency means a frequency of about 10 kHz or higher.
  • the drilling machine preferably works with vibrations in the ultrasonic range, that is in the range between approximately
  • the vibration generator can be a hand-held device, for example in the form of a hand drill.
  • the high-frequency drilling machine has a tubular oscillator 30, the front end of which, visible in FIG. 1, is placed on a rear end of the expansion sleeve 14 facing it.
  • the vibrator 30 is excited by the high-frequency drilling machine to produce axial mechanical vibrations in the ultrasonic range.
  • the vibrations can also be understood as vibrations, they are indicated by the double arrow 32.
  • the vibrator 30 transmits the ultrasonic vibrations the expansion sleeve 14 of the armature 10.
  • the expansion sleeve 14 excited in this way to form ultrasonic vibrations forms a tool, also called a sonotrode, for ultrasound processing of the anchor base 16.
  • Ultrasound processing is to be understood as processing the anchor base 26 with mechanical vibrations in the ultrasound range.
  • the processing of the anchor base 26 is also with a
  • the (cylindrical) anchor hole 28 may have been drilled with an impact drill or hammer drill. Another possibility according to the invention is
  • the anchor shaft 12 is subjected to high-frequency, in particular ultrasonic, vibrations using the high-frequency vibration drilling machine (not shown) and driven into the non-predrilled anchor base 26.
  • the anchor shaft 12 can with its thread 16 in a
  • Tool holder of the high-frequency drilling machine can be screwed in or clamped in order to achieve good vibration transmission.
  • the anchor hole 28, including the conical undercut with the shaft 12 and the expansion sleeve 14 of the anchor 10 can be produced as a tool by means of vibration, in particular by ultrasonic processing, or only the undercut of the anchor hole 28 with the expansion sleeve 14 of the anchor 10 can be produced manufacture as a tool by vibration processing after the anchor hole 28 has previously been made in a different manner.
  • FIG. 2a shows a second anchor 36 according to the invention, which also as
  • Expansion anchor is formed.
  • the armature 36 has an expansion sleeve 38 with a cylindrical outer circumference and an axial through hole.
  • the through hole is cylindrical in a rear region of the armature 36, which extends over a little more than half the length of the armature 36, and has an internal thread 40.
  • the through hole tapers towards the front end with a hollow cone 42 front area of the expansion sleeve 38 in the expansion leg 46.
  • the anchor 36 is clamped in a high-frequency drilling machine, not shown, or screwed on with its internal thread 40 or in some other way with mechanical vibrations in the infrared or ultrasound range, such as with the double arrow 32 indicated impinged and driven into the not pre-drilled anchor base 26.
  • Drilling dust arising during the vibration processing of the anchor base 26 can be sucked off through the expansion sleeve 38, as shown by arrow 48.
  • the axial through hole of the expansion sleeve 38 thus forms a suction channel for extracting drilling dust.
  • an expansion cone 48 is driven into the expansion sleeve 38, as shown in FIG. 2b, which spreads the expansion legs 46 and thereby anchors the expansion anchor 36 in the anchor hole in the anchor base 26.
  • a screw (not shown) or a threaded bolt for fastening an object (not shown) can be screwed into the internal thread 40.
  • the anchor 36 forms a tool for producing an anchor hole by ultrasound or vibration machining of the anchor base 26.
  • FIG. 2c A modification of the invention is shown in FIG. 2c.
  • a cylindrical expansion body becomes
  • Spreading body 50 is placed and this is subjected in particular to ultrasonic vibrations.
  • the ultrasonic vibrations are on the expansion legs 46 of the
  • Transfer anchor 36 whereby they are displaced in the direction of arrows 52 to the outside and form into the anchor base 26. This will make a conical
  • the hollow cone 42 is expanded and can be cylindrical at the end of the anchoring.
  • FIG. 3 shows an anchor 54 according to the invention, which is designed as a concrete screw also designated 54.
  • the concrete screw 54 forms a tool, ie it is clamped, for example, on a screw head 56 into a tool holder of a high-frequency drilling machine, not shown, and by it High frequency or ultrasonic vibrations are applied.
  • the ultrasonic vibration takes place in particular as an oscillating torsional vibration in the direction of the double arrow 58, so that a screw thread 60 of the concrete screw 54 used as an anchor and as a tool cuts into the anchor base 26, which consists, for example, of concrete.
  • the concrete screw 54 has a suction channel 64, which is formed as a longitudinal groove in a shaft of the concrete screw 54.
  • the groove forming the suction channel 64 interrupts the thread 60, as a result of which end cutting edges are formed on the threads, which improve the thread production in the anchor base 26 by means of the ultrasonic torsional vibrations.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further anchor 66 according to the invention in the form of an expansion anchor with a shaft 68 which has a thread 70 at a rear end and an expansion cone 72 at a front end. There is one on the shaft 68
  • Expansion sleeve 74 with a continuous longitudinal slot.
  • the armature 66 from FIG. 4 also forms a tool for vibration processing according to the invention. With its rear end, which has the thread 70, it can be clamped in a high-frequency drilling machine, not shown, in order to produce an anchor hole by vibration processing in an anchor base.
  • the shaft 68 is withdrawn from the anchor hole and the expansion cone 72 is thereby drawn into the expansion sleeve 74 and this is expanded.
  • the anchor 66 is thereby anchored in the anchor hole made by vibration processing.
  • the armature 66 has a suction channel 76, which as
  • the suction channel 76 is formed in sections only in the sections of the armature 66 in which the armature 66 has its largest diameter.
  • the continuous longitudinal slot of the expansion sleeve 74 also forms a section of the suction channel 76.
  • the expansion cone 72 has a short cylindrical section 78.
  • the cylindrical portion 78 forms a wear allowance for wear of the armature 66 forming the tool in the manufacture of the armature hole by vibration machining. This also applies to the cylindrical section 20 at the front end of the expansion cone 18 of the armature 10 from FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective overview illustration of an electric drilling machine 1 according to the invention, which is designed with a vibration exciter 3 and a so-called booster 82 as a vibration drilling machine for applying a tool to mechanical vibrations.
  • the drilling machine 1 has a handle
  • the booster 82 which can also be referred to as an amplitude transformation piece, transmits mechanical vibrations generated by the vibration exciter 3 to the tool and influences, in particular increases, their amplitude and. U. many times.
  • a clamping device 5 is provided, in which an anchor is statically fixed as the tool 2 and, in particular with respect to the drilling machine 1, is clamped in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • One of the anchors 10, 36, 54, 66 explained above can be used as a tool.
  • the handle 80 is fastened to the vibration exciter 3 in a vibration-damped manner, but can also be fixed accordingly, for example, on the booster 82.
  • the vibration exciter 3 is designed as a piezo exciter 4, which is supplied with electrical energy via the connecting cable 21 by an electrical vibration generator (not shown). A mains or battery operation can be provided for this.
  • the amplitude of the mechanical vibrations generated by the piezo exciter 4 by electrical excitation is amplified by the booster 82 and transmitted to the drilling tool 2 clamped in the clamping device 5.
  • the excitation frequencies of the piezo exciter 4 are in the embodiment shown in
  • the armature which is firmly clamped on one side as tool 2, is designed in terms of its natural oscillation frequencies in such a way that it is at least in resonance with the excitation frequency of the piezo exciter 4 with its own mode.
  • the geometric design of the tool 2 is advantageously chosen so that the frequency of several eigenmodes are close to one another, the corresponding one coordinated piezo exciter 4 causes resonance excitation of the different eigenmodes. Longitudinal, transverse and torsional vibrations can be considered.
  • the tool 2 is designed as a cylindrical armature 17 made of steel with a base body 31 and a threaded rod 19 held therein.
  • the armature 17 is held on the clamping device 5 of the drilling machine 1 by means of the threaded rod 19.
  • the vibration energy of the vibration exciter 3 is transmitted from the tensioning device 5 via the threaded rod 19 to the base body 31 of the armature 17.
  • the threaded rod 19 and the base body 31 are coated on the outside and inside and thus also on their entire contact surfaces over the entire surface.
  • the anchor 17 is provided as an expansion anchor or expansion anchor for clamping attachment in an anchor base 13 described in more detail in connection with FIG. 8. It can also be advantageous to design it as a toggle or folding dowel for the form-fitting undercut of a plasterboard or the like.
  • a free end 25 of the armature 17 is a drill head
  • the drill head 9 arranged on the shaft 8 of the armature 17 used as tool 2 can use the corresponding vibrations in an anchor hole to be produced
  • a collector 6 is provided, the interior of which is in flow-conducting connection with a suction / rinsing channel 7 which runs coaxially through the tool 2.
  • a suction / rinsing channel 7 which runs coaxially through the tool 2.
  • the suction / rinsing channel 7 can also be arranged as an outside groove on the armature 17.
  • the collector 6 has a lateral connection opening 84, through which drilling dust can be sucked out of the area of the drilling head 9 from the front opening of the suction / rinsing channel 7. It can also reverse air through the air
  • FIG. 6 shows a variant of the tool 2 or the armature 17 according to FIG. 5, which is similar to the armature 10 from FIG. 1.
  • the threaded rod 19 extends through the armature 17 in the longitudinal direction and has a conical expansion head 86 in the region of the free end 25.
  • a number of obliquely widened expansion tabs 27 of the armature 17 are distributed around the circumference of the expansion head 86 and protrude radially with corners 12 over the cylindrical shaft 8.
  • the expansion tabs 27 together with the expansion head 86 form a non-circular drilling head 9.
  • Aerated concrete It can also be a natural stone, concrete, masonry or the like. As well as a wood material, metal or a plastic.
  • the shank 8 of the tool 2 or of the armature 17 (FIG. 6) has a circular cross section 11, which on the inside is adjacent to the exemplary triangular cross section contour 10 of the drill head 9 formed by the expansion tabs 27 (FIG. 6).
  • the drill head 9 projects radially beyond the cross section 10 of the shank 8 in the region of the rounded corners 12.
  • the resonating armature 17 (FIG. 6) is guided in the axial direction against the anchor base 13, the anchor hole 14 (FIG. 8) resulting from the abrasive action of the oscillating drilling head 9, its Cross-sectional shape of the
  • Cross-sectional contour 10 of the drill head 9 corresponds.
  • an anchor hole 14 with a rounded triangular cross section is created.
  • the drilling machine 1 After reaching a desired anchoring depth, the drilling machine 1 is slowly rotated around the longitudinal axis of the tool 2 (FIG. 6) clamped in a rotationally fixed manner
  • Tool 2 rotated until the corners 12 have reached, for example, the position shown in dashed lines and designated 12 'in FIG. 7.
  • the corners 12 produce an approximately circular undercut 16 with respect to the triangular cross-sectional contour 10 of the bore 14 by removing material from the anchor base 13.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the anchor base 13 along the line Vll-Vll according to FIG. 7. Accordingly, the radially and conically widened undercut 16 is formed at the base of the anchor hole 14, in which the anchor 17 according to FIG. 6 is fastened in a form-fitting and clamping manner is.
  • the armature 17 receives the threaded rod 19.
  • a indicated workpiece 55 is held on the threaded rod 19, and by tightening the screw connection, in addition to the positive fit on the undercut 16, a clamping effect also occurs by spreading the expansion tabs 27 by means of the expansion head 86.
  • the borehole 14 has been drilled with the armature 17 excited to vibrate. After a desired drilling depth t has been reached and the bayonet-like rotary movement according to FIG. 7 has been carried out, the armature 17 is unclamped from the tensioning device 5 of the drilling machine 1 (FIG. 5), the armature 17 remaining in the armature hole 14.
  • a comparable manufacture of the anchor hole 14 and insertion of the anchor 17 also results for a cylindrical embodiment of the anchor 17 according to FIG. 5, only no undercut 16 being formed.
  • Fig. 9 shows a variant of the drilling machine according to Fig. 5, in addition to the
  • Collector 6 is provided in the area of the clamping device 5, another collector 6 enclosing the base body 31 of the armature 17.
  • the armature 17 has an internally extending suction / rinsing channel 7, which runs longitudinally through the armature 17 from the free end 25 and is connected to the device-side collector 6.
  • On the outside of the base body 31 there is a further suction / rinsing channel 7, which runs here in a helical shape and is connected in a flow-conducting manner to a connection opening 84 of the collector 6 surrounding the base body 31.
  • the anchor-side collector 6, of which only one half is shown in section for the sake of clarity, is on its end face 35 lying in the drilling direction with a ring-shaped sealing ring surrounding the armature 17
  • Anchor base 13 (Fig. 8) pressed, creating a closed, flow-guiding
  • connection between the two collectors 6 via the two suction / rinsing channels 7 of the armature 17 is formed.
  • air or a drilling fluid can optionally be pumped and / or sucked from the outside in, that is to say from the anchor-side collector 6 to the tool-side collector 6 or in the reverse direction.
  • a closed, flow-guiding system is formed, from which freed drilling dust or the like can be at least approximately completely removed.
  • the armature 17 has on its side facing the drilling machine 1 an auxiliary pin 92 (FIG. 9) with which the armature 17 is held on the tensioning device 5.
  • the tensioning device 5 is designed at its anchor-side end as a quick tensioning device that can be operated without tools, which in the exemplary embodiment shown as
  • Collet 29 is executed.
  • the clamping device 5 is made of a material with low sound absorption, for which purpose titanium or a titanium alloy is selected as the material in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • FIG. 10 shows an enlarged detail view of the base body 31 of the armature 17 according to FIG. 9 with its suction, flushing channel 7, which is external, helical in the axial direction and is designed as a groove.
  • the base body 31 is shown undeformed and has an essentially cylindrical shape Form that extends over the entire length of the base body 31 including the drill head 9 lying at the free end 25 (FIG. 9).
  • the base body 31 has, for example, four longitudinal slots 33 in the area of the drill head 9, which run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the base body 31 approximately over half its length. You divide the wall of the tubular base body 31 into four separate expansion tabs 27.
  • An end face 94 of the drill head 9 is concavely curved, wherein in the shown
  • Embodiment a concave conical surface 37 is formed. It can also be expedient to provide the expansion tabs 27 with flat surfaces which are inclined inwards, with a spherical cap surface or the like. At the transition of the conical surface 37 into the outer surface of the cylindrical base body 31, an annular cutting edge 38 is formed.
  • the functional interaction of the cutting edge 38 with the conical surface 37 and the longitudinal slots 33 results in an embodiment of the base body 31, the drill head 9 of which spreads out automatically during drilling.
  • the contact pressure applied to the conical surface 37 during drilling acts on the expansion tabs 27 via the inclined position of the conical surface 37 relative to the longitudinal axis of the base body 31 with a radial, outwardly directed force component.
  • the expanding tabs 27 experience a radial widening with increasing drilling depth, in particular the widening cutting edge 38 brings about a conical bore shape that widens in the drilling direction. In the deformed state, the expansion tabs 27 are on the outside expanded and thus lead to a positive anchoring in the anchor hole, which widens conically in the direction of the bore.
  • the base body 31 of the armature 17 is made of a soft magnetic iron material and can, if necessary, with or without the auxiliary pin 92 (FIG. 9) in
  • Sequence of magnetic holding forces can be clamped on a magnetic holder 30 described in more detail in connection with FIG. 12.
  • FIG. 11 shows an enlarged illustration of details of the clamping device 5 according to FIG. 9 with the anchor-side collet 29.
  • the collet 29 comprises a number of clamping tabs 39 which are encompassed by an internally conical clamping ring 98.
  • the clamping tabs 39 and the clamping ring 98 enclose an opening 41 into which the armature 17 can be inserted without play, for example with the threaded rod 19 according to FIG. 5 or the auxiliary pin 92 according to FIG. 9.
  • a screw connection or a bayonet-like rotation of the clamping ring 98 causes its inside
  • Conical surface a compression of the clamping tabs 39 radially inward, in the result of which the armature 17 is firmly clamped.
  • a tool-free release can be done by rotating the clamping ring 98 in the opposite direction.
  • a magnetic holder 30 At the end of a magnetic holder 30 is provided, which is cup-shaped and surrounds the opening 41.
  • the base body 31 according to FIG. 10 or the auxiliary pin 92 of the armature 17 according to FIG. 9 can be inserted into the opening 41 without play.
  • the magnet holder 30 is designed as a permanent magnet and holds via the magnetic forces that arise between the permanent magnet and the armature 17 formed from a soft magnetic iron material, wherein the armature 17 can be inserted or released by hand without tools, overcoming the magnetic forces.
  • FIG. 13 shows a further variant of the tensioning device 5, the base body of which is designed in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 12.
  • an auxiliary pin 43 is provided, which has a square cross section in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • An anchor 17 provided with a corresponding receiving opening can be pushed onto the auxiliary pin 43, for example with a base body 31 according to FIG. 10.
  • With a corresponding angular Design of the receiving opening in connection with the likewise cross-section of the auxiliary pin 43 results in a rotationally fixed connection of the armature 17 with the tensioning device 5.
  • the connection can be freely peeled off or configured with a defined clamping force.
  • auxiliary pin 43 instead of the square design of the auxiliary pin 43 shown, another cross-sectional configuration that deviates from the circular shape and that is suitable for transmitting a torque can also be expedient. If necessary, however, a circular cross section can also be provided, as a result of which there is a torque-free power transmission between the tensioning device 5 and the armature 17 (FIG. 10).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'ancrage d'une ancre (10) dans une base d'ancrage (26), par exemple du béton ; une ancre (10) adaptée au procédé et une perceuse adaptée au procédé. Selon l'invention, on utilise l'ancre (10) comme outil pour la production au moins partielle d'un orifice (28) dans la base d'ancrage (26) par un usinage par vibration haute fréquence. L'ancre (10) est, par exemple, une ancre extensible à contre-dépouille, dont la douille extensible (14) constitue l'outil et est entraînée dans une base d'ancrage (26) par l'application de vibrations haute fréquence dans cette base d'ancrage.
EP05751001A 2004-06-03 2005-06-01 Procede, ancre et perforeuse permettant d'ancrer l'ancre dans une base d'ancrage Withdrawn EP1753572A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05751001A EP1753572A1 (fr) 2004-06-03 2005-06-01 Procede, ancre et perforeuse permettant d'ancrer l'ancre dans une base d'ancrage

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04013086A EP1602428A1 (fr) 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Outil électrique actionné à la main
EP04013087A EP1602839B1 (fr) 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Cheville pour insérer dans trou percé
DE200410033026 DE102004033026A1 (de) 2004-07-07 2004-07-07 Verfahren und Anker zur Verankerung des Ankers in einem Ankergrund
PCT/EP2005/005880 WO2005118190A1 (fr) 2004-06-03 2005-06-01 Procede, ancre et perforeuse permettant d'ancrer l'ancre dans une base d'ancrage
EP05751001A EP1753572A1 (fr) 2004-06-03 2005-06-01 Procede, ancre et perforeuse permettant d'ancrer l'ancre dans une base d'ancrage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1753572A1 true EP1753572A1 (fr) 2007-02-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05751001A Withdrawn EP1753572A1 (fr) 2004-06-03 2005-06-01 Procede, ancre et perforeuse permettant d'ancrer l'ancre dans une base d'ancrage

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Country Link
US (1) US20080310930A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1753572A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008501544A (fr)
WO (1) WO2005118190A1 (fr)

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EP2393994B1 (fr) * 2009-02-04 2018-05-02 Thomas M. Espinosa Massif d'ancrage en béton
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US20080310930A1 (en) 2008-12-18
JP2008501544A (ja) 2008-01-24
WO2005118190A1 (fr) 2005-12-15

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