EP1752267B1 - Presse d'extrusion - Google Patents

Presse d'extrusion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1752267B1
EP1752267B1 EP06016225.2A EP06016225A EP1752267B1 EP 1752267 B1 EP1752267 B1 EP 1752267B1 EP 06016225 A EP06016225 A EP 06016225A EP 1752267 B1 EP1752267 B1 EP 1752267B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
steam
strand
extruder
extruder according
pressing
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EP06016225.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1752267A3 (fr
EP1752267A2 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Nagl
Josef Loderer
Rudolf Jungbauer
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
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Publication of EP1752267A2 publication Critical patent/EP1752267A2/fr
Publication of EP1752267A3 publication Critical patent/EP1752267A3/fr
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27NMANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/28Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an extruder according to claim 1.
  • Such an extruder is from the DE 103 16 119 A1 known.
  • the strand is steamed in the region of the highest strand compression with saturated steam, which condenses in the strand material and thereby penetrates the strand transversely and heated to set temperature.
  • the evaporation can take place through a mandrel, wherein the strand is surrounded on the outside by heating walls.
  • the mandrel is formed as a simple tube with distributed outlet openings on the jacket.
  • the EP 0 908 281 A1 teaches a method and an apparatus for the production of moldings wherein a mixture of chip and / or fiber materials and thermosetting binders is gradually compacted by a plunger in two successive stages.
  • heat is given to the slightly compressed mixture by gases or vapors on the one hand and by a heater on the other hand for curing.
  • the mixture is to be pressed and hardened while supplying heat to the wall heating.
  • the font also provides a Dornbedampfung the strand.
  • a simple hollow steam pipe with outlet openings on the jacket is used.
  • the invention solves this problem with the features according to claim 1.
  • the claimed steam quantity control has the advantage that it ensures clear and reproducible process conditions and for a secure setting of the binder in the strand. On the other hand, excess steam is avoided, which leads to a significant reduction in construction and operating costs.
  • Degassing generators and vapor recirculation are dispensable.
  • the preferably saturated process steam is also optimally utilized. It condenses in a controllable strand area, whereby the phase change in an optimal manner and with uniform distribution liberates the heat required for setting. Also favorable is the fact that it is possible to work with relatively low quantities of steam and thus cost-effectively.
  • the capacity of the vaporization system can also be designed smaller and cheaper.
  • the claimed internal vapor deposition from the jacket of the press mandrel directly into the adjoining strand region is of particular advantage, because this ensures a higher process reliability.
  • the steamed strand area is better limited and controllable.
  • the introduced steam can be optimally utilized.
  • the vapor deposition is carried out in the outlet region of the recipient and / or in the subsequent channel of the extruder. In these areas, the strand usually has the highest compression, so that the heat introduced by the steam can be optimally used for the setting.
  • the setting process is significantly improved and accelerated by this targeted evaporation, whereby the heating channel designed shorter and the overall length of the entire extruder can be significantly reduced. This leads to a higher economic efficiency.
  • the steam is supplied at a standstill.
  • the penetration of the strand cross section is particularly uniform, which also has a positive effect on the desired condensation behavior.
  • the steam supply is clocked and carried out in the said dependence on the strand feed or in the drive of the pressing member. Conveniently, this drive is reversing and provides the necessary steaming times during the return stroke.
  • the mecanical amusement from the mandrel shell also has the advantage that you can work with relatively small steam-carrying volumes in the mandrel area. As a result, the amount of steam can be controlled particularly well and purposefully.
  • the steam quantity control can alternatively or additionally also be used for external vapor deposition.
  • the vapor deposition takes place in a channel region of the extruder which has a fixed channel wall.
  • the axial feed region of the steam is limited in the strand and extends in particular via a strand feed resulting from the stroke length of 1 to 2 pressing strokes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of an extruder (1) for producing a strand (2) from small plant parts, especially small pieces of wood, such as sawdust. Wood chips or the like, which are mixed with a thermo-reactive binder or adhesive.
  • the basic form of such an extruder (1) is for example from the WO 99/48659 A1 or the WO 02/34489 A1 known.
  • the extruder (1) consists of a filling station (3) for filling the small vegetable parts in a filling and pressing shaft.
  • a recipient (4) adjoins the filling station (3) in the extrusion direction (11), into which the filling material is pushed by a pressing member (9) and thereby compressed.
  • the recipient (4) is designed as a closed channel with fixed channel walls (7), which can have a slight conical enlargement.
  • the recipient (4) is followed by one or more channels (5, 6), which may be provided with heating devices, and in which the strand (2) is hardened with the introduction of heat from heating devices of any type, not shown is, the binder sets and glued the wood small parts.
  • the directly adjacent to the recipient (4) subsequent channel (5) may be a Vorstation with also fixed channel walls (7).
  • the subsequent heating passage (6) may have movable channel walls (8), which are delivered to the strand (2) under the action of corresponding drives.
  • the strand (2) is advanced in the embodiment shown intermittently or clocked and pressed.
  • the pressing member (9) is designed as a reciprocating ram (9) connected to a suitable reversing drive (10), e.g. can be designed as a hydraulic cylinder, as an electric crank mechanism or the like.
  • the extruder (1) further comprises a vaporization device (12), which comprises a steam generator (15) with one or more steam lines (16,26).
  • the steam generator (15) produces a saturated vapor of water or other suitable medium.
  • the generated steam pressures and temperatures depend on the small parts material, the strand dimensions, in particular the diameter, the applied strand volume and other specifications and can vary accordingly. In practice, pressures of 5 bar and more, e.g. 10 bar or more and the associated saturated steam temperatures.
  • the steam (14) is supplied to the strand (2) in the manner explained below from inside and / or outside.
  • the vapor deposition is preferably carried out in the region of the maximum strand density, ie in the region of the recipient (4) and / or the subsequent input region of the hardening channel (5) following in the extrusion direction (11).
  • the evaporation can be made only at one point and only in the aforementioned range, for example. Alternatively you can a plurality of evaporation points in the extrusion direction (11) may be present, with the evaporation parameters mentioned below for the first point of deposition at the recipient or at the channel entrance (5) apply.
  • the vaporization device (12) further comprises a valve (18) for opening and closing the steam supply, which is connected to a controller (17) and remotely controlled by the latter.
  • the amount of steam introduced is controlled by the opening time of the valve (18).
  • the controller (17) may be coupled to the drive (10) of the ram (9) and control the valve (18) in response to the drive movements.
  • a hollow strand (2) is produced by means of a pressing mandrel (19) arranged centrally in the recipient (4) and the channels (5, 6).
  • a plurality of mandrels distributed arbitrarily over the strand cross-section may be present.
  • the press mandrel (19) is on the back by means of a fitting (31) in the machine frame (32) of the extruder (1) releasably held.
  • the ram (9) is provided on the inside with a recess and slides over the press mandrel (19).
  • the press mandrel (19) has a constant length over its length and e.g. circular cross section with a cylindrical shell (20).
  • the mandrel (19) may have another cross-sectional shape, e.g. a prismatic cross-section. Accordingly, the internal cavity (33) in the strand (2) is designed.
  • the recipient (4) and the channels (5, 6) may likewise have any cross-sectional shape which may be circular, oval, prismatic or otherwise formed. From the finished pressed and set strand (2), pallet blocks or other extruded products can be produced by sawing.
  • the inside hollow press mandrel (19) is a part of the vapor deposition device (12) and has on its jacket (20), preferably in the region of the free end, a peripheral vapor exit region (21) for vaporising the tightly adjacent strand (2 ).
  • the jacket (20) in this case has a uniform over the mandrel length uniform contour.
  • the end of the press mandrel (19) is closed, so that the steam (14) preferably exits radially only on the jacket (20) and passes directly into the adjacent strand (2).
  • the steam exit area (21) has a limited length which is shorter than the mandrel length.
  • the steam outlet region (21) of the press mandrel (19) for example, in the entrance area of Vorholicganges (5).
  • the steam outlet region (21) can also be located in an outlet-side partial region of the recipient (4). These are the areas in the extruder (1) in which the strand (2) has the highest compression.
  • the steam outlet region (21) is at the same time the feed region (13) to which the steam (14) is fed to the strand (2).
  • the vapor can be distributed somewhat in the axial direction and can also penetrate into the strand regions adjoining the feed region (13).
  • the feed area (13) is so far away from the filling station (3) that preferably no steam can penetrate into the filling space (3).
  • the strand (2) can alternatively or additionally be vapor-deposited from the outside.
  • the walls of the recipient (4) and / or the subsequent channel (5) are suitable for this purpose Steam outlet openings available.
  • the feed region (13) is limited in length and is located in the outlet region of the recipient (4) and / or in the inlet region of the adjoining channel (5), in particular preheating.
  • the axial length of the steam outlet region (21) or of the steam supply region (13) is limited.
  • the length preferably corresponds to the feed length of the strand (2), which results from the stroke length of 1 to 2 pressing strokes of the pressing member (9).
  • the length may e.g. about 150 to 300 mm, preferably 250 mm.
  • vaporization of the strand (2) takes place only in the described range.
  • the strand (2) is only heated from outside.
  • additional steaming from inside and / or outside can take place in the following areas and in the further heating cycles.
  • the pressing mandrel (19) can possibly have a plurality of steam outlet regions (21), which are preferably all arranged on the jacket (20).
  • the press mandrel (19) consists of a support tube (28) with the fitting (31) at the rear end.
  • a steam pipe (22) is arranged, which has the same outer contour as the support tube (28).
  • the steam pipe (22) has an internal steam chamber (25) and a plurality of circumferentially spaced outlet openings (23) for the steam (14).
  • the outlet openings (23) are formed as radial through-holes in the jacket of the steam pipe (22).
  • Such through holes are sufficient on their own. Alternatively, they can be connected on the outside with laterally leading away and, for example, crosswise arranged distribution channels (24). As FIG. 3 illustrates, these distribution channels (24) are formed as outside grooves in the jacket (20), which open at the said through hole.
  • the steam pipe (25) at the free front end by a lid (34) or the like. Steam-tight.
  • the steam pipe (22) is flush and aligned with the support tube (28).
  • This may be a detachable connection, e.g. be a screw to remove the steam pipe (22) for cleaning and maintenance purposes and to replace if necessary.
  • a solid compound e.g. a weld, be present.
  • a seal (29) for preventing axial vapor leakage which may be e.g. located at a neck of the steam pipe (22) which projects a piece into the support tube (28) via a corresponding recess.
  • the steam (14) is supplied to the steam pipe (22) via a reduced in diameter relative to the steam pipe (22) steam line (26) which is connected via said remote controllable valve (18) to the steam generator (15).
  • the steam line (26) is designed as a rigid feed tube laid in the carrier tube (28), which is held and fastened here by radial guides (30).
  • the feed tube (26) projects through the seal (29) into the steam chamber (25). It may possibly slide in the seal (29) back and forth to compensate for thermal expansion.
  • the feed pipe (26) is open, so that here the steam (14) emerge and can be distributed in the steam chamber (25) and through the outlet openings (23) in the strand (2) can escape.
  • steam volume is relatively small.
  • the amount of steam supplied to the strand (2) for steaming can be controlled via the valve (18) and its opening times with high accuracy.
  • the strand (2) is supplied with saturated vapor (14) in a controlled amount of steam via the steam outlet region (21) or the feed region (13).
  • the amount of steam and the vapor pressure are matched to the heat absorption capacity of the impinged strand area and, for example, so dimensioned that the supplied steam in this strand area provides the necessary setting and thereby substantially completely condenses. Excess steam can be substantially avoided, so that the strand (2) on the outside no steam escapes, on the previously usual Entdampfungsgeneratoren, recirculation or the like. And the associated disposal problems can be dispensed with. When opening the movable channel walls (8) also no evaporation takes place. In addition, evaporation losses are avoided.
  • the amount of steam is at the lower limit so that it is sufficient for the penetration of the entire cross-section of the strand (2) and for the setting of the strand (2) or the binder contained therein in the entire applied strand area. Upwards, the amount of steam is so dimensioned that substantially all the saturated steam introduced into the strand (2) can condense there and that preferably no excess vapor exits the strand (2). It is the aim of avoiding any excess vapor. In practice, this does not always achieve the desired level. It is within the scope of the invention if the conditions and conditions mentioned are at least substantially achieved.
  • the heat energy or enthalpy contained in the saturated steam is abruptly released in the impinged strand area and ensures uniform heating and extreme acceleration of the thermal setting reaction of the strand material.
  • the process may be due to a possibly existing external Additional heating in the chamber walls are supported.
  • the hardening and setting process in the strand (2) can be effected solely by the condensation. In the subsequent heating cycles (6) only so much heat is needed to keep this temperature level in the strand (2) and to compensate for heat loss to the environment. Compared to the prior art, the Schugangilia can thereby be significantly shortened.
  • the steaming is done with saturated steam of water at about 10 bar pressure and about 180 ° C temperature in the zone of highest compression over the length of a strand feed, i. over the material or strand length, which is ejected during a pressing stroke or press cycle.
  • the approx. 70 g of steam correspond to a volume of almost 14 1 of steam for the parameters P and T mentioned above.
  • This is a material volume in the strand (2) of about 3 dm 3 opposite.
  • the volume of porous material is capable of accommodating this volume of vapor because upon contact with the colder chip material offering a very large contact surface of the chips, the condensation process begins immediately and the vapor volume collapses before the mixture leaves the squeeze channel section closed on all sides and the vapor pressure cracks could cause in the product strand.
  • the amount of about 70 g of condensate is homogeneously distributed in the material volume of 3 dm 3 .
  • the cured product shows no difference to products without vaporization.
  • the condensed water remains 100% in the product and does not evaporate, e.g. When cooling down before packaging, partially off again, the product moisture increases to 11.4% -. This is a e.g. for pallet blocks uncritical value.
  • the model calculation neglects the binder content and its heat capacity for reasons of simplification. For an exact calculation these parameters can be additionally included.
  • the steam quantity control is provided in the embodiment shown with an internal vaporization from the press mandrel (19) or the steam pipe (22) in the contact area with the strand (2), wherein the steam (14) from the outlet openings (23) and possibly the distribution channels ( 24) directly into the strand (2) penetrates.
  • the steam quantity control can also be combined with an external vaporization of the strand (2) in the area mentioned at the recipient (4) and / or subsequent preheating cycle (5).
  • the steam quantity control can also be used in conjunction with a combined internal and external vaporization of the strand (2).

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Presse d'extrusion pour la fabrication de produits extrudés constitués de fragments végétaux mélangés à du liant, en particulier des particules de bois qui sont pressées dans la presse d'extrusion (1) pour former un cordon (2), la presse d'extrusion (1) présentant un récipient (4), au moins un canal chauffé s'y raccordant (5, 6), un organe de presse (9) et un dispositif de vaporisation (12), le dispositif de vaporisation (12) présentant un mandrin de presse creux (19) avec une région de sortie de vapeur périphérique (21) au niveau de l'enveloppe (20) en vue de la vaporisation du cordon (2) adjacent, caractérisée en ce que la région de sortie de vapeur (21) est réalisée sous forme de tube de vapeur (22) avec une chambre de vaporisation intérieure (25) avec plusieurs ouvertures de sortie (23) réparties sur la périphérie, le tube de vapeur (22) étant connecté par le biais d'une conduite de vapeur de diamètre réduit (26) et par une soupape (18) commandable à distance (17) à un générateur de vapeur (15).
  2. Presse d'extrusion selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le mandrin de presse (19) est fermé du côté frontal.
  3. Presse d'extrusion selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la région de sortie de vapeur (21) est disposée dans la région de sortie du récipient (4) et/ou dans le canal (5) s'y raccordant de la presse d'extrusion (1).
  4. Presse d'extrusion selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que la région de sortie de vapeur (21) présente une longueur axiale qui correspond à l'avance du cordon résultant de la longueur de course d'une à deux courses de presse de l'organe de presse (9).
  5. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le mandrin de presse (19) présente un tube de support (28) à l'extrémité libre duquel est disposé le tube de vapeur (22) en affleurement et avec un diamètre extérieur essentiellement identique.
  6. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la conduite de vapeur (26) est réalisée sous forme de tube d'alimentation rigide posé dans le tube de support (28) et débouche dans la chambre de vaporisation (25).
  7. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la conduite de vapeur (26) pénètre dans la chambre de vaporisation (25) et est ouverte du côté frontal.
  8. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la chambre de vaporisation (25) est fermée du côté frontal et de manière étanche à la vapeur par rapport au tube de support (28).
  9. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la soupape (18) est connectée à une commande (17) qui est accouplée à l'entraînement (10) de l'organe de presse (9).
  10. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la presse d'extrusion (1) ne présente aucun dispositif d'aspiration et de recirculation pour la vapeur (14).
  11. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le générateur de vapeur (15) est réalisé sous forme de générateur de vapeur saturée à base d'eau.
  12. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le générateur de vapeur (15) est conçu pour des pressions de vapeur d'environ 5 bars et plus ainsi que pour des températures de vapeur d'environ 150°C et plus.
  13. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'organe de presse (9) est réalisé sous la forme d'un poinçon de presse venant en prise par le dessus avec le mandrin de presse (19).
  14. Presse d'extrusion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'organe de presse (9) est entraîné de manière réversible.
EP06016225.2A 2005-08-10 2006-08-03 Presse d'extrusion Active EP1752267B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20512702 2005-08-10

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EP1752267A2 EP1752267A2 (fr) 2007-02-14
EP1752267A3 EP1752267A3 (fr) 2008-02-13
EP1752267B1 true EP1752267B1 (fr) 2013-07-24

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62174024A (ja) * 1986-01-24 1987-07-30 Kurorera Kogyo Kk 好中球機能不全治療薬
DE202006017826U1 (de) 2006-11-21 2008-03-27 Anton Heggenstaller Gmbh Strangpressanlage zum Herstellen von Strangpressprodukten
EP2042283A1 (fr) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-01 Karl Schedlbauer Procédé et dispositif destinés à la pression de tronçons de petites pièces, en particulier de petites pièces en bois contenant des liants
DE202008010304U1 (de) 2008-08-01 2009-12-17 Anton Heggenstaller Gmbh Herstellungsanlage für Pressprodukte
DE102017107132B3 (de) 2017-04-03 2018-09-20 Pfeifer Holz Gmbh Strangpresseinrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Strangpressprodukten

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10316119A1 (de) * 2003-04-09 2004-11-04 Karl Schedlbauer Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aushärten von Strängen aus Kleinteilen mit Bindemitteln nach einer Strangpresse

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19622521C2 (de) 1996-06-05 1998-09-17 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Strangpreßverfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von organisch gebundenen Formteilen und Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
ES2222492T3 (es) 1997-10-10 2005-02-01 Werzalit Ag + Co. Procedimiento y dispositivo para la fabricacion de piezas preformadas.
WO1999048659A1 (fr) 1998-03-25 1999-09-30 Karl Schedlbauer Procede et dispositif permettant de fabriquer un materiau profile
DE19908315C1 (de) 1999-02-26 2000-03-16 Heggenstaller Anton Ag Verfahren zum Strangpressen von pflanzlichen Kleinteilen
DE29912822U1 (de) 1999-07-22 2000-08-17 Heggenstaller Anton Ag Strangpresse für pflanzliche Kleinteile
DE20018347U1 (de) 2000-10-26 2001-10-31 Heggenstaller Anton Ag Strangpresse für mit Bindemittel vermengte pflanzliche Kleinteile

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10316119A1 (de) * 2003-04-09 2004-11-04 Karl Schedlbauer Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aushärten von Strängen aus Kleinteilen mit Bindemitteln nach einer Strangpresse

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EP1752267A3 (fr) 2008-02-13
EP1752267A2 (fr) 2007-02-14

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