EP1750058A2 - Procédé de régulation de combustion avec recherche guidée d'une valeur de consigne - Google Patents

Procédé de régulation de combustion avec recherche guidée d'une valeur de consigne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1750058A2
EP1750058A2 EP20060015793 EP06015793A EP1750058A2 EP 1750058 A2 EP1750058 A2 EP 1750058A2 EP 20060015793 EP20060015793 EP 20060015793 EP 06015793 A EP06015793 A EP 06015793A EP 1750058 A2 EP1750058 A2 EP 1750058A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
value
ionisation
vgas
fact
calibration
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20060015793
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ruggero Marchetti
Lorenzo Marra
Andrea Andreucci
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Merloni Termosanitari SpA
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Merloni Termosanitari SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by Merloni Termosanitari SpA filed Critical Merloni Termosanitari SpA
Publication of EP1750058A2 publication Critical patent/EP1750058A2/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combustion control method with guided set point search.
  • the present invention relates to a system suitable for controlling combustion in heat-producing devices such as, for example, gas-powered boilers and water heaters, said system being based on the measurement of the ionisation current taken in proximity to the flame for the regulation of the quantity ⁇ which indicates the air/combustible ratio in a combustion process.
  • the heat-producing devices in which the control system in question is applicable are of the type in which the mixture of comburent air and combustible, whether liquid or gas, is not determined, at least not completely, by a mechanical/pneumatic type connection between an air delivery means and a combustible delivery means, instead, it is determined electronically, by means of the knowledge or estimation of aforesaid ⁇ ratio.
  • said delivery means can be constituted, respectively, of a ventilating element and a valve suitable to deliver the gas.
  • the quantity ⁇ takes on notable importance: in fact, once the parameters relating to the burner typology, the geometry of the combustion chamber and the geometry of the primary heat exchanger have been established, intervals of the ⁇ value are identified at which the best compromise between the polluting emissions and thermal yield of the combustion is obtained; in consequence, it appears particularly important to be able to vary ⁇ throughout the entire modulation interval of the thermal power expressible by a given boiler.
  • the term 'electrode' will be used, meaning thereby a device featuring one conductive part, powered by a relative electronic circuit, and a second conductive part, usually connected to the metal frame of the combustion chamber.
  • Document US 5,924,859 deals with a procedure suitable for controlling a gas burner fitted with a blower in which an ionisation electrode sends either a variable signal derived from the combustion temperature or the value of ⁇ to a control circuit which compares the variable signal with a selected electrical set point value in order to balance the value of ⁇ with the corresponding set point value of ⁇ .
  • Document DE 198 31 648 deals with a system in which a gas burner combustion control element has as its aim the adaptation of the mixture of air and combustible in proportions dependant on an ionisation signal measured in the combustion chamber; before combustion, said control element is harmonized with the particular type of burner in order to distinguish between the output signals from the combustion process and the corresponding data stored in the control element memory.
  • the gas power supply is increased by means of a ramp and, after that phase, the control element reduces the flow of air, maintaining a constant flow of gas by carrying out a calibration action.
  • Document DE 198 39 160 describes and claims a system for controlling feedback in a gas burner in which a control element pilots both a ventilating element and a gas delivery valve element on the basis of the ionisation signals entering the said control element and the two ionisation signals coming from two electrodes located in the flame are compared with a calibrated ionisation value.
  • Document US 5,899,683 deals with a procedure and a device in which a control element detects an ionisation signal and, in order to guarantee a low emission of combustion products in different operating conditions, an ionisation signal interval is set whose upper limit is below the maximum ionisation value and whose lower limit is above the value capable of guaranteeing low emissions.
  • the thermal power is set by means of the velocity of the ventilating element which, generating a certain air flow, induces a certain combustible flow which, during combustion, produces the required thermal power; in general, if the ionisation current which is measured proves to be equal to the desired value, i.e. it proves to correspond essentially to the set point value this means the value of ⁇ ratio is essentially identical to that desired and in the event that the ionisation current measured proves different from the set point value, then the system would intervene on the combustible delivery valve element, either increasing or decreasing the combustible depending on the case in question.
  • the ionisation current set point which is considered to be the image of a corresponding ⁇ set point, is calculated as a fraction of the maximum value identified during the passage from ⁇ >1 to ⁇ 1 effectuated during the periodic recalibration cycle.
  • a first aim of this invention is to identify a method which permits, at a preset power, the set point of the ionisation current J to be acquired in correspondence with a known value of ⁇ .
  • a further aim is to identify said ⁇ value within the framework of a calibration process, by means of the identification of a law of correspondence between ⁇ and ⁇ at said preset power.
  • the method in question in the present invention for controlling combustion in a heat-producing device fitted with a burner, a ventilating element, a heat exchanger and a valve element suitable for delivering, in variable quantities, a liquid or gas combustible said method utilizing the knowledge of at least one ionisation current J in proximity to the flame in order to regulate the parameter ⁇ expressing the air/combustible ratio during the combustion and said method also being of the type comprising at least one electrode, a control system inputted into which there are, at least, signals supplied by at least one electrode, the heat exchanger and the ventilating element, and outputted from which there are, at least, signals towards the ventilating element and towards the valve element, is characterised by the fact that the value of at least one ionisation current J utilised as a set point for the subsequent regulation of ⁇ measured by at least one electrode is identified in combustion conditions in which a known and desired ⁇ value is fixed, the knowledge thereof being based on an experimental observation with the result that, at a preset thermal power
  • the piloting of the gas delivery valve element will be maintained constant, so that this process can be realised at an almost constant power, and the velocity of the ventilating element is varied to identify the characteristic points.
  • P cosi.
  • P cosi depend solely on the setup of the combustion chamber and are valid for all the gases, at least within aforesaid family that is.
  • 1 and 2 refer to a first and second electrode for measuring the ionisation current, located at two different distances from a burner 3.
  • a ventilating element 4 consents the measurement of the velocity thereof, which is variable.
  • a gas delivery valve element 5 is also modulating. The outlet of said valve element 5 is downstream of the ventilating element 4, but could also be positioned at the inlet of said ventilating element.
  • a control system 6 features input of at least the measurement of temperature of the water coming out of the primary exchanger 7, of at least one measured flame current and of at least the velocity of said ventilating element.
  • the output of the control system 6 includes at least the commands for the velocity of the ventilating element 4 and for the aperture of the valve element 5.
  • the delivery temperature measured in the boiler is compared with its set point (usually set directly by the user, for example with a handgrip on the front of the boiler).
  • the difference (temperature control error) between the water delivery temperature and the set point thereof is processed by said PID, which outputs the command signal "Vgas" to open the valve element 5.
  • This signal reaches the input of two blocks which implement the same number of linking relations between the degree of aperture of the valve element 5 and the expected value of the velocity of the ventilating element 4 and the ionisation current set point.
  • the ionisation set point is compared with the effective current reading and the difference (ionisation control error) is inputted to a second regulator (for example, said PID) which outputs a correction signal for the velocity of the ventilating element 4, with the aim of maintaining the ionisation reading equal to the relative set point.
  • a second regulator for example, said PID
  • the velocity of the ventilating element 4 so that the ionisation objective is a value just above the current threshold under which it is deemed that there is no flame present.
  • This point of the work is where the descending ramp of said ventilating element's velocity starts, the purpose thereof being to find the maximum of one, the other or both the ionisation currents J1 and/or J2.
  • This maximum which is a descending maximum represented by the point A2 in the graph in figure 10, is deemed identified when, travelling along the descending section of the ionisation curve, a certain percentage of the maximum value identified is reached (e.g. 90%). The reaching of this maximum is first of all taken as a reference, to make certain that the current situation is ⁇ 1.
  • the control system 6 commands the ascending ramp of the velocity of the ventilating element 4, the purposes of said ramp being to find the characteristics points of one or both the ionisations, at which the ⁇ to which these characteristic points correspond (which the boiler's manufacturer has chosen to use) must be memorised. Supposing one wanted to identify, for example, four of aforesaid characteristic points, and supposing also that these are positioned in ⁇ as in figures 1, 5 and 6, these will be found, during the ascending ramp of the ventilating element 4, in the following order, for example:
  • the third table namely the calibration table, is illustrated in figure 13. Said table is obtained by multiplying the coefficients of figure 12 by the values of ⁇ _Cal and of J_Cal; in other words, the calibration result is, so to speak, "coupled” with the model of the combustion unit expressed by the aforesaid table 12.
  • This method is certainly not worse than those which utilise a fraction of the maximum value of J itself as the ionisation current set point, since in this case the determining of this sole point can plausibly be influenced in a comparable way.
  • the improvement lies in the fact that, in normal functioning conditions, the ionisation set point is not obtained empirically, but is measured directly in the desired ⁇ condition. Between one calibration and the subsequent one, the quality and quantity range of environmental conditions that can vary is extremely broad (for example, the air and gas temperature, the quality of the gas, the obstruction of the fume outlet etc).
  • the ionisation maintains a good biuniqueness with the excess air value (intending obviously in the ⁇ >1 zone), while the velocity of the ventilating element 4 at which the desired ionisation is obtained, which is equal to the set point, can shift, even notably, from that of ⁇ _SP envisaged at the given power. Therefore, while the ionisation current continues to testify to the excess of air, the velocity of the ventilating element 4 acts as indication of the maximum, to help reach the well known control objectives of the automatic control theory. As described hereinafter, around the maximum velocity of the ventilating element 4, there is a band of tolerance within which it is deemed that the environmental conditions have not altered too greatly since the previous calibration.
  • the aim of the calibration is to adapt the combustion control system to the surrounding conditions, which can, naturally, alter over time, with the ultimate aim being to obtain good performance in terms of combustion quality and yield. Concerning this, the calibrations can be requested by the control system 6 both following particular diagnostics events, as described hereinafter, and on a periodic basis (temporal or relating to the number of cycles of the burner).
  • certain acceptability tests can be carried out on the values read for one or two ionisation currents and on the effective velocity of the ventilating element 4.
  • the flame has a rectifying effect on the electrical field (voltage) applied to the ionisation electrodes. This leads, in an ideal case, to the ionisation current being able to flow one way only.
  • the polarity of the voltage applied to the flame is inverted, the positive in correspondence with the metal parts connected to the earth and the negative in correspondence with the other conductor on the same electrode exposed to the flame, a weak inverse current can be detected.
  • the utility of measuring the inverse current is obvious in the event that one considers the practical possibility of insulation losses experienced by the ionisation electrodes and/or the cables connecting them to the measuring circuit.
  • the continuous current is altered (the real impact depends on the structure of the measuring circuit) and a, possibly notable, increase in the inverse current is determined.
  • the valuation of the inverse current can prove useful to determine any type of anomaly which may occur in the event of a distorted reading of the continuous ionisation current which, since said current is the image of the excess air ⁇ , can lead to an abnormal, non-combustion situation.
  • utilising the opportune electronic circuits it is possible, for one or for both the ionisation currents eventually measured, to detect both the continuous component, which is the component just described, and the inverse component. Thus, it proves possible to compare the value of the continuous current measured with the relative inverse current value measured. If the inverse current exceeds a certain fraction deemed indicative of malfunctioning of the respective continuous current, which can depend on the power, a non-volatile boiler lock can be commanded.
  • ⁇ _Cal ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ _Cal old if 1.2 * ⁇ J _max - A ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ _Cal old ⁇ 2.4 * ⁇ Jmax - A ⁇ 2 1.2 * ⁇ _Jmax - A ⁇ 2 if ⁇ ⁇ _Cal old ⁇ 1.2 * ⁇ Jmax - A ⁇ 2 2.4 * ⁇ _Jmax - A ⁇ 2 if > ⁇ _Cal old > 2.4 * ⁇ Jmax - A ⁇ 2
  • J_Cal The value of J_Cal is set similarly.
  • a first advantage of the present invention is constituted of the identification of a method which permits, at a preset power, the ionisation current set point J to be acquired in correspondence with a known ⁇ value.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is constituted of the fact that said invention identifies the value ⁇ , within the scope of a calibration process, by means of the identification of a correspondence law between ⁇ and ⁇ at the said preset power.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP20060015793 2005-08-02 2006-07-28 Procédé de régulation de combustion avec recherche guidée d'une valeur de consigne Withdrawn EP1750058A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMO20050204 ITMO20050204A1 (it) 2005-08-02 2005-08-02 Metodo di controllo della combustione a ricerca guidata del set point

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1750058A2 true EP1750058A2 (fr) 2007-02-07

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EP20060015793 Withdrawn EP1750058A2 (fr) 2005-08-02 2006-07-28 Procédé de régulation de combustion avec recherche guidée d'une valeur de consigne

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EP (1) EP1750058A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007040697A (fr)
CN (1) CN1975257A (fr)
IT (1) ITMO20050204A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3045816A1 (fr) * 2015-01-19 2016-07-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de réglage d'une installation de brûleur
EP3290798A1 (fr) * 2016-09-02 2018-03-07 Robert Bosch GmbH Procédé de réglage et de commande d'un rapport air-combustible dans un système de chauffage ainsi qu'unité de commande et système de chauffage
EP3376503A1 (fr) * 2017-03-14 2018-09-19 Microtekna S.r.l. Procédé et appareil pour étalonner une soupape d'une chaudière à gaz
EP3382277A1 (fr) * 2017-03-27 2018-10-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Détection d'une bâche
IT201700108941A1 (it) * 2017-09-28 2019-03-28 Microtekna Srl Metodo e apparecchiatura per tarare una valvola di una caldaia a gas
CN111486473A (zh) * 2019-01-29 2020-08-04 威能有限公司 加热器、控制加热器中燃烧的方法、和执行该方法的计算机程序产品
EP3767174A1 (fr) * 2019-07-16 2021-01-20 Vaillant GmbH Procédé et dispositif d'étalonnage ultérieur d'un système de mesure permettant de réguler un mélange gaz-air de combustion dans un appareil de chauffage
EP4102135A1 (fr) 2021-06-11 2022-12-14 BDR Thermea Group B.V. Mécanisme de commande pour chaudière à gaz
CN117554690A (zh) * 2024-01-10 2024-02-13 中国铁塔股份有限公司 直流电能计量方法、直流电能计量装置及设备
CN111486473B (zh) * 2019-01-29 2024-10-29 威能有限公司 加热器、控制加热器中燃烧的方法和计算机程序产品

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5274442B2 (ja) * 2009-12-22 2013-08-28 株式会社パロマ 燃焼装置
NL2007310C2 (nl) * 2011-08-29 2013-03-04 Intergas Heating Assets B V Waterverwarmingsinrichting en werkwijze voor het meten van een vlamstroom in een vlam in een waterverwarmingsinrichting.
JP7402020B2 (ja) * 2019-11-13 2023-12-20 株式会社セイブ・ザ・プラネット 燃焼装置、筒内情報検出器及び信号処理装置
JP7413145B2 (ja) * 2020-05-14 2024-01-15 リンナイ株式会社 燃焼装置

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5899683A (en) 1996-05-09 1999-05-04 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Process and device for operating a gas burner
US5924859A (en) 1995-10-25 1999-07-20 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co.Kg Process and circuit for controlling a gas burner
DE19831648A1 (de) 1998-07-15 2000-01-27 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur funktionalen Adaption einer Regelelektronik an ein Gasgerät
DE19839160A1 (de) 1998-08-28 2000-03-02 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Schaltung zur Regelung eines Gasbrenners
WO2004015333A2 (fr) 2002-08-05 2004-02-19 Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A. Systeme de regulation de combustion a capteur $g(l) virtuel

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62147218A (ja) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 燃焼制御装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5924859A (en) 1995-10-25 1999-07-20 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co.Kg Process and circuit for controlling a gas burner
US5899683A (en) 1996-05-09 1999-05-04 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Process and device for operating a gas burner
DE19831648A1 (de) 1998-07-15 2000-01-27 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur funktionalen Adaption einer Regelelektronik an ein Gasgerät
DE19839160A1 (de) 1998-08-28 2000-03-02 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Schaltung zur Regelung eines Gasbrenners
WO2004015333A2 (fr) 2002-08-05 2004-02-19 Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A. Systeme de regulation de combustion a capteur $g(l) virtuel

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10054309B2 (en) 2015-01-19 2018-08-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for regulating a burner system
EP3045816A1 (fr) * 2015-01-19 2016-07-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de réglage d'une installation de brûleur
EP3290798A1 (fr) * 2016-09-02 2018-03-07 Robert Bosch GmbH Procédé de réglage et de commande d'un rapport air-combustible dans un système de chauffage ainsi qu'unité de commande et système de chauffage
EP3376503A1 (fr) * 2017-03-14 2018-09-19 Microtekna S.r.l. Procédé et appareil pour étalonner une soupape d'une chaudière à gaz
US11231174B2 (en) 2017-03-27 2022-01-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Detecting blockage of a duct of a burner assembly
EP3382277A1 (fr) * 2017-03-27 2018-10-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Détection d'une bâche
IT201700108941A1 (it) * 2017-09-28 2019-03-28 Microtekna Srl Metodo e apparecchiatura per tarare una valvola di una caldaia a gas
CN111486473A (zh) * 2019-01-29 2020-08-04 威能有限公司 加热器、控制加热器中燃烧的方法、和执行该方法的计算机程序产品
CN111486473B (zh) * 2019-01-29 2024-10-29 威能有限公司 加热器、控制加热器中燃烧的方法和计算机程序产品
EP3767174A1 (fr) * 2019-07-16 2021-01-20 Vaillant GmbH Procédé et dispositif d'étalonnage ultérieur d'un système de mesure permettant de réguler un mélange gaz-air de combustion dans un appareil de chauffage
EP4102135A1 (fr) 2021-06-11 2022-12-14 BDR Thermea Group B.V. Mécanisme de commande pour chaudière à gaz
WO2022258479A1 (fr) 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Bdr Thermea Group B.V. Mécanisme de commande pour une chaudière à gaz
WO2022258477A1 (fr) 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Bdr Thermea Group B.V. Mécanisme de commande pour une chaudière à gaz
CN117554690A (zh) * 2024-01-10 2024-02-13 中国铁塔股份有限公司 直流电能计量方法、直流电能计量装置及设备

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Publication number Publication date
ITMO20050204A1 (it) 2007-02-03
CN1975257A (zh) 2007-06-06
JP2007040697A (ja) 2007-02-15

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