EP1743348A1 - Procede et dispositif de mise hors circuit d'un courant de fuite se presentant dans un reseau a courant alternatif - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de mise hors circuit d'un courant de fuite se presentant dans un reseau a courant alternatif

Info

Publication number
EP1743348A1
EP1743348A1 EP05731557A EP05731557A EP1743348A1 EP 1743348 A1 EP1743348 A1 EP 1743348A1 EP 05731557 A EP05731557 A EP 05731557A EP 05731557 A EP05731557 A EP 05731557A EP 1743348 A1 EP1743348 A1 EP 1743348A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
command
fault current
time
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05731557A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lorenz Mueller
Michael Stanek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Publication of EP1743348A1 publication Critical patent/EP1743348A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01H47/004—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits using plural redundant serial connected relay operated contacts in controlled circuit
    • H01H47/005—Safety control circuits therefor, e.g. chain of relays mutually monitoring each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/006—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means adapted for interrupting fault currents with delayed zero crossings

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for switching off a fault current occurring in an AC network according to the preamble of claim 1 and on a device for switching off this current according to the preamble of claim 5.
  • the method and the device are generally used in high-voltage networks can also be easily used in medium or low voltage networks.
  • the aforementioned method If a fault current occurs in the network, the aforementioned method generates a switch-off command in a protective device to open a switch. This command is then fed to a synchronous control device, in which it is held back until a network-synchronous opening of the switch provided in the network is possible.
  • Mains-synchronous switching here means that the contacts of the switch, with the formation of a switching arc, are only opened with a time delay at a point in time at which the electrical power converted in the switching arc is as small as possible between the time of opening and the interruption of the current in a current zero crossing.
  • a device used here includes both the protective device and the synchronous control device.
  • the invention relates to a prior art of methods and devices for the network-synchronous switching of fault currents, as described in CH 443443 A and EP 938 114 A1.
  • a device known from EP 938 1 14 A1 for the network-synchronous switching off of a circuit breaker arranged in a high-voltage AC network has a device which controls the switching off of the switch, and a higher-level protective device which issues a command to switch off the switch when a fault current occurs.
  • the control unit is able to detect the fault current and, taking into account the intrinsic time of the switch and the next current zero crossing of the fault current, calculate a retention time, after which the switch-off command is sent to the switch and this is switched off synchronously with the mains.
  • the invention solves the problem of creating a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which are each distinguished by high operational reliability.
  • this high level of operational safety is achieved by carrying out the following method steps: monitoring the switch-off command issued by the protective device and the fault current or a status signal issued by the switch, and forming a first emergency switch-off command if the fault current or the status signal after the switch-off command has been issued after a first delay, which is greater than the sum of the switch's own time and the time for extinguishing a switching arc generated when the switch is opened.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used to switch off safely even if the synchronous control unit is defective, since a suitably designed failure protection can quickly identify the defect and can easily switch off after a short first delay time. After the first delay time, a DC component present in the fault current is reduced. Mechanical, thermal and electrical stress on the switch at Switching off due to the effects of residual current and switching arcs are considerably reduced. This prevents excessive wear of the switch and its premature aging.
  • the maxima of the current amplitudes are reduced to such an extent after an approx. 30 to 70 ms delay time that the switch is no longer exposed to excessive loads.
  • a sufficiently good selection can be achieved with a delay time of approx. 50 to 150 ms.
  • the maxima of the current amplitudes are then already reduced to such an extent that a reserve switch actuated instead of the defective switch is only exposed to low loads.
  • a failure protection is provided in the device according to the invention, which ensures a safe shutdown of the fault current by issuing an emergency shutdown command when the synchronous control unit is defective.
  • This failure protection can be implemented with simple means and can easily be integrated into the existing protective device.
  • the failure protection contains a first one for the defective synchronous control unit
  • Components a first input for detecting the switch-off command and a second
  • Input for detecting a fault current signal or the status signal a first delay element connected downstream of the first input with a first delay time which exceeds the sum of the switch's natural time and the time for extinguishing a switching arc which can be generated when the switch is opened, a first AND element which logically links the delayed switch-off command and the fault current signal or the status signal, and an output acting on the switch, at which the emergency shutdown command is present after the first delay time has expired.
  • the failure protection contains a second protective device with components that are also easy to implement. These components are as follows: a first input for detecting the switch-off command and a second input for detecting the fault current signal, a second delay element connected downstream of the first input with a second delay time which is the sum of the switch's natural time and the time for deleting one when the switch is opened generated switching arc surpasses a second AND element logically linking the delayed switch-off command and the fault current signal, and an output acting on a further switch, at which the emergency switch-off command is present after the second delay time has elapsed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for switching off a fault current occurring in a high voltage AC network of 50 Hz with a circuit breaker CB1, a protection device PU for generating a switch-off command acting on the switch, a synchronous control device ISD and a failure protection with a protection device BP1 for the synchronous control unit and a protection device BP2 for the circuit breaker
  • 2 shows a block diagram of a second embodiment of the synchronous shutdown device according to the invention, which has a modified protection device BP1 compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the course of events taking place as a function of time t when a fault current occurs and is switched off in the devices according to FIGS. 1 and 2, with (a) intact synchronous control device ISD, (b) defective synchronous control device ISD, and (c) defective circuit breaker , and
  • FIG. 4 shows a diagram in which the amplitude of the fault current I [A] conducted in the network as a function of the time t [s] is shown, and the times are indicated at which the events shown in FIG. 3 are realized.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 serve to switch off a current carried in a line L1, L2 or L3.
  • Each of the three lines L1, L2 and L3 is connected to a busbar BB via a circuit breaker CB1, CB2 and CB3.
  • CB1, CB2 and CB3 As can be seen from the two figures, an error marked by a jagged arrow occurs on line L3.
  • This fault leads to the fault current I shown in FIG. 4.
  • Current and voltage signals continuously detected by a current sensor CS and a voltage sensor VS are fed to the protective device PU that is operatively connected to the outputs of both sensors.
  • This protective device identifies the fault from the supplied signals and forms a switch-off command OP which, depending on the type of fault, merely causes the switch CB3 to open.
  • the outputs of the protective device PU can be seen in operative connection with the synchronous control device ISD, the protective device BP1 for the synchronous control device and the protective device BP2 for the switch. Therefore, the shutdown command OP led to the synchronous control device ISD as well as to the two protection devices BP1 and BP2 of the failure protection.
  • the synchronous control device ISD has a logic which holds the switch-off command, taking into account the switch's own time and a zero crossing of the current, until the switch can be opened in synchronism with the mains. This helps to avoid switching overvoltages and undesirably high mechanical, thermal and / or electrical loads on the switch.
  • the synchronous control device ISD has a self-protection (not shown) which prevents unwanted switch-off commands from reaching the switch.
  • the protection device BP1 of the failure protection also effectively switches off the switch CB3 even if the synchronous control device ISD is defective. It has two entrances. The first input detects the switch-off command OP. The second input either - like the protective device PU - detects a fault current signal (embodiment according to FIG. 1, in which a further current sensor CS is provided for detecting the fault current) or a status signal S of the switch CB3 (embodiment according to FIG. 2, in which the status signal S - switch CB3 closed - is led to the protection device BP1).
  • a fault current signal (embodiment according to FIG. 1, in which a further current sensor CS is provided for detecting the fault current) or a status signal S of the switch CB3 (embodiment according to FIG. 2, in which the status signal S - switch CB3 closed - is led to the protection device BP1).
  • the supplied fault current signal is monitored in a detector ID1 of the protective device BP1 for exceeding the limit value and is led as a fault current signal 1> to an input of an AND element A1, whereas in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 the status signal S without a threshold value detector is direct is led to the input of the AND element A1.
  • the fault current signal I> or the status signal S are each compared with the switch-off command OP issued by the protective device PU.
  • the switch-off command was previously delayed in an element TR1 connected to the first input and connected upstream of the AND element A1.
  • this signal acts as an emergency shutdown command OP (b) directly on the switch CB3 and causes it to open.
  • the time delay td is determined by the sum of the intrinsic switch time and the time required to extinguish the switching arc formed when the switch is opened, and for safety reasons exceeds the sum of these two times by 50 ms.
  • the failure protection ensures the operational safety of the devices according to FIGS. 1 and 2 even if the switch CB3 is defective.
  • the protection device BP2 of the failure protection enables an effective switch-off.
  • the protective device BP2 is supplied with the current signal detected by a current sensor CS.
  • This current signal is monitored in a detector ID2 of the protective device BP2 for exceeding the limit value and passed to the input of an AND element A2, in which it is compared with the switch-off command OP issued by the protective device PU.
  • the switch-off command was previously delayed in an element TR2 connected upstream of the AND element A2. If there is a signal after the AND operation at the output of the protective device BP2, this signal acts as an emergency shutdown command OP (c ') or OP (c) directly on the switches CB1 and CB2 or on the switch CBO at the other end of the line L3 and causes it to open.
  • the time delay t d is determined by the sum of the delay time of TR2, the intrinsic switch time and the arcing time and, for safety reasons, slightly exceeds the aforementioned sum with approximately 100 ms.
  • the aforementioned time delays td are then only just above the aforementioned sums.
  • the fault current I occurs at time 0.
  • the reference numerals CCZ (a), CCZ (b) and CCZ (c) denote times at which the fault current has disappeared after a current zero crossing.
  • switch CB3 is opened.
  • the point in time CCZ (a) is determined by the sum of the own time (relay time) of the protective device PU, the own time (opening time) of the switch CB3 and the time during which an ignited when switched off Switching arc in the CB3 switching path burns (arcing time). From the point in time CCZ (a), the switching path solidifies very quickly and can keep the recurring voltage occurring across the switching path free from re-ignition.
  • the current profile of the fault current I shown in FIG. 4 is asymmetrical and is obtained by superimposing an alternating current of constant amplitude supplied by the network with a direct current which, as in high-voltage networks, still decays with a time constant of approximately 45 ms.
  • current zero crossings through circles and maxima of the current amplitude through crosses are designated.
  • O is the time when the contacts of the In the worst case, open the switch if no synchronous control device ISD is provided. This time lies in the third current maximum.
  • O (a) and O (b) denote the times at which the contacts of the switch CB3 open when the device according to (a) or (b) is in operation.
  • ISD synchronous control device ensures (case (a)) that the delayed delivery of the switch-off command significantly reduces the fault current in the contact separation compared to the fault current in the switch-off process without the synchronous control device.
  • mechanical loads caused by electromagnetic forces and high pressures generated by the switching arc and premature wear are significantly reduced in the switch.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif servant à la mise hors circuit d'un courant de fuite (I) se présentant dans un réseau à courant alternatif, procédé dans lequel une instruction de mise hors circuit (OP) générée dans un appareil de protection (PU) pour l'ouverture d'un disjoncteur de puissance (CB3) est transmise à une unité de commande synchrone (ISD) dans laquelle l'instruction de mise hors circuit (OP) est retenue jusqu'à ce que le disjoncteur (CB3) puisse être ouvert de manière synchronisée avec le réseau. Le procédé selon l'invention a pour but de garantir, pour une unité de commande synchrone défectueuse (ISD), une mise en circuit encore plus sûre du courant de fuite et, à cet effet, est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes : contrôle de l'instruction de mise hors circuit (OP) émanant de l'appareil de protection (PU), ainsi que d'un signal de courant de fuite, ou d'un signal d'état (S) émanant du disjoncteur (CB3), et formation d'une instruction de mise hors circuit d'urgence (Op(b)), au cas où le signal de courant de fuite ou le signal d'état (S), après émission de l'instruction (OP) est différée, même après un temps de retard (td = 50 ms) qui est plus grand que la somme du temps propre du disjoncteur et du temps d'extinction d'un arc électrique de commutation, produit lors de l'ouverture du disjoncteur. Le dispositif présente une protection de défaillance (BP1, BP2) assurant la mise en oeuvre des étapes précitées.
EP05731557A 2004-05-04 2005-04-26 Procede et dispositif de mise hors circuit d'un courant de fuite se presentant dans un reseau a courant alternatif Withdrawn EP1743348A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004021978A DE102004021978A1 (de) 2004-05-04 2004-05-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschalten eines in einem Wechselstromnetz auftretenden Fehlerstroms
PCT/CH2005/000232 WO2005106911A1 (fr) 2004-05-04 2005-04-26 Procede et dispositif de mise hors circuit d'un courant de fuite se presentant dans un reseau a courant alternatif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1743348A1 true EP1743348A1 (fr) 2007-01-17

Family

ID=34964625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05731557A Withdrawn EP1743348A1 (fr) 2004-05-04 2005-04-26 Procede et dispositif de mise hors circuit d'un courant de fuite se presentant dans un reseau a courant alternatif

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7450362B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1743348A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1950918A (fr)
DE (1) DE102004021978A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005106911A1 (fr)

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US7885043B2 (en) * 2007-06-15 2011-02-08 General Electric Company Remote-operable micro-electromechanical system based over-current protection apparatus
US7609068B2 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-10-27 Delphi Technologies, Inc. System and method for particulate sensor diagnostic
FR2940504B1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2011-01-21 Areva T & D Sa Procede de determination d'un instant opportun de fermeture d'un moyen de commutation
KR101342333B1 (ko) * 2009-10-27 2013-12-16 에이비비 테크놀로지 아게 Ｈｖｄｃ 차단기 및 ｈｖｄｃ 차단기 제어용 제어 장치
US8755944B2 (en) * 2009-11-13 2014-06-17 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Electrical switching module
US8463453B2 (en) * 2009-11-13 2013-06-11 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Intelligent metering demand response
US8324761B2 (en) * 2009-11-13 2012-12-04 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Electrical switching module
US20110169447A1 (en) * 2010-01-11 2011-07-14 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Electric vehicle supply equipment
US8558504B2 (en) * 2010-01-11 2013-10-15 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Electric vehicle supply equipment with timer
US8633678B2 (en) 2011-05-10 2014-01-21 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Electric vehicle supply equipment with over-current protection
US8664886B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2014-03-04 Leviton Manufacturing Company, Inc. Timer-based switching circuit synchronization in an electrical dimmer
US8736193B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2014-05-27 Leviton Manufacturing Company, Inc. Threshold-based zero-crossing detection in an electrical dimmer
DE102013208683A1 (de) * 2013-05-13 2014-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ansteuerung eines elektrischen Verbrauchers
US9681526B2 (en) 2014-06-11 2017-06-13 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Power efficient line synchronized dimmer
EP3171473B1 (fr) * 2015-11-17 2021-04-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif de protection destines a surveiller un disjoncteur dans un reseau d'alimentation en energie electrique
EP3300199B1 (fr) * 2016-09-22 2023-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif destinés à contrôler un disjoncteur pour un réseau d'alimentation en énergie électrique lors du passage à zéro du courant
JP7222100B2 (ja) * 2018-12-27 2023-02-14 ヒタチ・エナジー・スウィツァーランド・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 制御されたスイッチングアプリケーションのための、スイッチング装置の動作をモニタリングするための方法および装置
RU194305U1 (ru) * 2019-09-30 2019-12-05 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МГБот" Контроллер с защитой от короткого замыкания
US10819261B1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-10-27 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Security improvements for electric power generator protection

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7450362B2 (en) 2008-11-11
US20080019063A1 (en) 2008-01-24
DE102004021978A1 (de) 2005-11-24
WO2005106911A1 (fr) 2005-11-10
CN1950918A (zh) 2007-04-18

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