EP1730996A1 - Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides - Google Patents

Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides

Info

Publication number
EP1730996A1
EP1730996A1 EP05740627A EP05740627A EP1730996A1 EP 1730996 A1 EP1730996 A1 EP 1730996A1 EP 05740627 A EP05740627 A EP 05740627A EP 05740627 A EP05740627 A EP 05740627A EP 1730996 A1 EP1730996 A1 EP 1730996A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
fluid heater
electrical
electrode surfaces
heater according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05740627A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1730996B1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Gruetzmann
Michael Hofmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hermsdorfer Institut fuer Technische Keramik eV HITK
Original Assignee
Hermsdorfer Institut fuer Technische Keramik eV HITK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hermsdorfer Institut fuer Technische Keramik eV HITK filed Critical Hermsdorfer Institut fuer Technische Keramik eV HITK
Publication of EP1730996A1 publication Critical patent/EP1730996A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1730996B1 publication Critical patent/EP1730996B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical resistance heating element for heating flowing media.
  • Electrical resistance heating elements in the form of honeycomb bodies, tube bundles or multi-hole plates are often used to heat flowing media such as air or non-conductive liquids such as silicone oil, glycol, hydraulic oil, petrol or diesel fuel.
  • media such as air or non-conductive liquids such as silicone oil, glycol, hydraulic oil, petrol or diesel fuel.
  • the volume of the resistance heating element is more or less homogeneously flowed through by the heating current and heats up.
  • a heat exchange takes place between the resistance element and the fluid on the surface of the channels or bores. How much heat is given off to the flowing medium per unit of time depends, among other things, on the temperature difference between the resistance body and the fluid, the size of the heat exchange surface, the heat capacity of the medium and its flow rate.
  • the resistance element can only emit as much heat per unit of time to the medium to be heated as it can convert to electrical power P at the available operating voltage U.
  • prismatic honeycomb radiators or tube bundles for electrical contacting are metallized on their opposite end faces, for example using the screen printing or rolling process.
  • the electrode area A is equal to the end face of the honeycomb body, minus the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the channels through which the medium flows.
  • the length I of the current paths is identical to the length of the channels.
  • the specific resistance of the Resistance materials cannot be reduced arbitrarily, especially for ceramic resistance bodies with PTC characteristics, the lower limit practically reached is around 5 to 10 ⁇ * cm. This leads to two conflicts in the manufacture of honeycombs, tube bundle or multi-channel heaters.
  • the area of the honeycomb that can be flowed through should be as high as possible.
  • DE 100 60 301 A1 proposes metallizing the channels of the honeycomb body on the inside, adjacent channels being of different polarity and the length of the current paths being equal to the wall thickness of the channels.
  • These proposed solutions require complex technological measures in order to ensure sufficiently wide insulation distances or creepage distances between electrodes of different polarity.
  • failures due to voltage breakdowns can occur with small wall thicknesses, which are actually advantageous in terms of flow technology.
  • there is the problem with honeycomb bodies with internal metallization that, for technological reasons, the cell width is restricted downwards and the channel length is restricted upwards.
  • DE 102 01 262 A1 presents a honeycomb body which is cut into two halves of equal size parallel to the electrode surfaces.
  • the cut surfaces are metallized, connected to a pole of the voltage source and then reassembled.
  • the second pole of the voltage source is simultaneously on the two outer electrode surfaces of this sandwich arrangement.
  • the honeycomb halves that are electrically connected in parallel in this way have a four times lower electrical resistance than the simple honeycomb due to the doubling of the electrode area while simultaneously halving the conductor length.
  • the disadvantage of this arrangement is the high production outlay due to the additional separation and metallization steps and there are now joining points within the channels. As a result of difficult avoidable geometry tolerances, there may be considerable disturbances in the flow at these joints.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an arrangement for electrical resistance heating elements that is technologically simple to implement and with which high power densities can be achieved at the same time. It should be possible to tailor the duct cross-section and duct length with regard to thermal and fluid engineering requirements to the respective application, without the restrictions of the metallization technology taking effect.
  • this object is achieved in the case of an electrical fluid heater made of ceramic or polymer composite material with a plurality of channels through which the medium to be heated flows, in that the fluid heater consists of at least one heating element provided with at least one channel such that the heating element is placed on the opposite one Electrode surfaces are applied to the outer surfaces, so that a current flows between the electrode surfaces essentially transversely to the direction of the channels, and that at least one of the two electrode surfaces of the heating element has a connection surface which is arranged on the adjacent outer surface of the heating element.
  • the particular advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that any number of technologically identical heating elements, each rotated by 180 ° about the surface normal of the electrode surfaces, can be strung together.
  • By rotating and joining the heating elements they can be joined together in the form of a parallel connection via the connection surfaces to form an electrical fluid heater.
  • the connection can be made by clamping, gluing or soldering.
  • the heating elements are aligned exactly in parallel.
  • the electrical connecting lines can simultaneously serve to mechanically fix the heating elements.
  • the flow of current through the honeycomb body is transverse to the direction of flow of the fluid.
  • the electrode distance results from the sum of Cell width plus double wall thickness. It is therefore many times shorter than with forehead contact. However, it does not reach the critical values as with an internal metallization.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a heating element
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the electric fluid heater according to the invention
  • the heating element 1 consists of its essential components, the channels 2 and the two opposite electrode surfaces 3, 4.
  • the first electrode surface 3 is connected to the connection surface 5.
  • the second electrode surface 4 is not connected to any connection surface 5.
  • the molded body of the heating element 1 preferably consists of PTC ceramic, which has been prepared on the basis of semiconducting barium titanate and by adding organic binders and plasticizers to give a rigid plastic mass.
  • the prismatic moldings, each with a series of parallel channels 2 are produced and sintered. After sintering, these are cut to length using diamond cutting discs.
  • metal spraying or Sputtering is used to provide the shaped bodies with suitable structured metal electrodes, for example made of aluminum or silver.
  • the heating elements 1 produced in this way are each rotated through 180 °, based on the surface normal of the electrode surfaces 3, 4, and lined up with one another. This creates a stack of heating elements 1, the first electrode surface 3 coming into contact with the second electrode surface 4 of the adjacent heating element 1.
  • the contact to the first electrode surfaces 3 and thus also to the adjacent second electrode surfaces 4 via the connection surfaces 5 is made via the upper feed line 6.
  • the connection can also be made by gluing or clamping.
  • a parallel connection of the heating elements 1 is realized by this construction u.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
EP05740627A 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides Not-in-force EP1730996B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004016434A DE102004016434B4 (de) 2004-03-31 2004-03-31 Elektrischer Fluidheizer
PCT/DE2005/000586 WO2005096672A1 (fr) 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1730996A1 true EP1730996A1 (fr) 2006-12-13
EP1730996B1 EP1730996B1 (fr) 2008-05-07

Family

ID=34966900

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05740627A Not-in-force EP1730996B1 (fr) 2004-03-31 2005-03-31 Dispositif electrique de chauffage de fluides

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20070189741A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1730996B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE394903T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004016434B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2306142T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005096672A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110202019A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-08-18 Mt Industries, Inc. Hand held skin treatment spray system with air heating element
WO2012086815A1 (fr) * 2010-12-24 2012-06-28 日本碍子株式会社 Structure en nid d'abeilles
JP5883299B2 (ja) * 2011-03-24 2016-03-09 日本碍子株式会社 潤滑系流体の加熱用ヒーター
JP6901722B2 (ja) * 2017-03-30 2021-07-14 東京エレクトロン株式会社 流体加熱器、流体制御装置、および流体加熱器の製造方法
IT201800005496A1 (it) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-18 Dispositivo riscaldatore elettrico, particolarmente ad effetto ptc
WO2021110826A1 (fr) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-10 Grundfos Holding A/S Système de chauffage et procédé de fabrication d'un système de chauffage
WO2021191155A1 (fr) 2020-03-23 2021-09-30 Kanthal Gmbh Élément chauffant
WO2023187017A1 (fr) 2022-03-30 2023-10-05 Kanthal Ab Élément chauffant, dispositif de chauffage de fluide et procédé de chauffage d'un fluide
WO2024105060A1 (fr) 2022-11-17 2024-05-23 Kanthal Ab Élément chauffant et dispositif de chauffage de fluide et procédé de chauffage d'un fluide
CN116287519B (zh) * 2023-02-15 2024-08-27 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 一种纯氢竖炉还原高温氢气电加热装置及方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2432904A1 (de) * 1973-07-19 1975-02-06 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Heizelement zum erhitzen von stroemungsmitteln
US3995143A (en) * 1974-10-08 1976-11-30 Universal Oil Products Company Monolithic honeycomb form electric heating device
US5227946A (en) * 1981-04-02 1993-07-13 Raychem Corporation Electrical device comprising a PTC conductive polymer
US4505107A (en) * 1981-10-26 1985-03-19 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas cleaning apparatus
DE3204207C2 (de) * 1982-02-08 1985-05-23 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektrischer Widerstand mit einem keramischen PTC-Körper und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US4791276A (en) * 1982-04-16 1988-12-13 Raychem Corporation Elongate electrical assemblies
US4939349A (en) * 1989-06-23 1990-07-03 Uppermost Electronic Industries Co., Ltd. Ceramic thermistor heating element
JP3001281B2 (ja) * 1991-03-06 2000-01-24 日本碍子株式会社 ハニカムモノリスヒータ
US5192853A (en) * 1991-10-22 1993-03-09 Yeh Yuan Chang Heating set having positive temperatue coefficient thermistor elements adhesively connected to heat radiator devices
JP2962605B2 (ja) * 1991-11-28 1999-10-12 株式会社デンソー Ｐｔｃ発熱体
DE4230848C1 (de) * 1992-09-15 1993-12-23 Siemens Matsushita Components Vielfachkaltleiter
DE10060301B4 (de) * 2000-12-05 2011-11-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Elektrisches Widerstandsheizelement mit einem Wabenkörper
DE10201262B4 (de) * 2002-01-15 2006-09-07 Webasto Ag Widerstandsheizelement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502005003996D1 (de) 2008-06-19
WO2005096672A1 (fr) 2005-10-13
DE102004016434B4 (de) 2006-01-05
EP1730996B1 (fr) 2008-05-07
DE102004016434A1 (de) 2005-11-10
ES2306142T3 (es) 2008-11-01
US20070189741A1 (en) 2007-08-16
ATE394903T1 (de) 2008-05-15

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